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Hang M, Tse MCL, Pang BPS, Bi X, Jin F, Lee CW, Wong AOL, Chan CB. Differential regulation of hepatic SH3 domain binding kinase 1 (SBK1) expression in mouse and goldfish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 344:114372. [PMID: 37652166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
SH3 domain binding kinase 1 (SBK1) is a serine/threonine kinase that belongs to the new kinase family (NFK) with limited information on its function. Previous studies reported that SBK1 plays a role in memory formation, lipid metabolism, and cancer cell progression. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism of Sbk1 expression in various tissues remains unknown. We report here that Sbk1 expression in mouse hepatocytes was downregulated by glucocorticoid, whereas saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were stimulators of Sbk1 expression. The regulatory role of glucocorticoid and fatty acid was further confirmed by the Sbk1 promoter assay, which aligned with the presence of several glucocorticoid-response elements (GRE) and peroxisome proliferator responsive elements (PPRE) in the mouse Sbk1 promoter. The inhibitory effect of glucocorticoids on hepatic Sbk1 expression and protein content could also be demonstrated in vivo after prednisolone injection. Moreover, the expression of SBK1 in goldfish (gfSBK1) was also sensitive to glucocorticoid suppression as their mouse orthologues. In contrast, insulin had a differential action on SBK1 expression that it promoted the expression of all SBK1 isoforms in the goldfish hepatocytes but inhibited Sbk1 expression in the mouse hepatocytes. Together, our findings indicate that SBK1 expression is hormone- and nutrient-sensitive with a species-specific response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaojia Hang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Margaret Chui Ling Tse
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Brian Pak Shing Pang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Xinyi Bi
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Fanming Jin
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Chi Wai Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Anderson O L Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Chi Bun Chan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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2
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Ahuja P, Bi X, Ng CF, Tse MCL, Hang M, Pang BPS, Iu ECY, Chan WS, Ooi XC, Sun A, Herlea-Pana O, Liu Z, Yang X, Jiao B, Ma X, Wu KKL, Lee LTO, Cheng KKY, Lee CW, Chan CB. Src homology 3 domain binding kinase 1 protects against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance through the Nur77-FGF21 pathway. Hepatology 2023; 77:213-229. [PMID: 35363898 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Metabolism in the liver is dysregulated in obesity, contributing to various health problems including steatosis and insulin resistance. While the pathogenesis of lipid accumulation has been extensively studied, the protective mechanism against lipid challenge in the liver remains unclear. Here, we report that Src homology 3 domain binding kinase 1 (SBK1) is a regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism and systemic insulin sensitivity in response to obesity. APPROACH AND RESULTS Enhanced Sbk1 expression was found in the liver of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and fatty acid (FA)-challenged hepatocytes. SBK1 knockdown in mouse liver cells augmented FA uptake and lipid accumulation. Similarly, liver-specific SBK1 knockout ( Lsko ) mice displayed more severe hepatosteatosis and higher expression of genes in FA uptake and lipogenesis than the Flox/Flox ( Fl/Fl ) control mice when fed the HFD. The HFD-fed Lsko mice also showed symptoms of hyperglycemia, poor systemic glucose tolerance, and lower insulin sensitivity than the Fl/Fl mice. On the other hand, hepatic Sbk1 overexpression alleviated the high-fructose diet-induced hepatosteatosis, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia in mice. White adipose tissue browning was also observed in hepatic SBK1 -overexpressed mice. Moreover, we found that SBK1 was a positive regulator of FGF21 in the liver during energy surplus conditions. Mechanistically, SBK1 phosphorylates the orphan nuclear receptor 4A1 (Nur77) on serine 344 to promote hepatic FGF21 expression and inhibit the transcription of genes involved in lipid anabolism. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data suggest that SBK1 is a regulator of the metabolic adaption against obesity through the Nur77-FGF21 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Ahuja
- School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Xinyi Bi
- School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Chun Fai Ng
- School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | | | - Miaojia Hang
- School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Brian Pak Shing Pang
- School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Elsie Chit Yu Iu
- School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Wing Suen Chan
- School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Xin Ci Ooi
- School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Anqi Sun
- School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Oana Herlea-Pana
- Department of Physiology , The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , Oklahoma , USA
| | - Zhixue Liu
- Center for Molecular & Translational Medicine , Georgia State University , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
| | - Xiuying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing , Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research , Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China
| | - Baowei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution , Kunming Institute of Zoology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , China
| | - Xin Ma
- Cancer Centre , Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Macau , Taipa, Macau , China
| | - Kelvin Ka Lok Wu
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Leo Tsz On Lee
- Cancer Centre , Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Macau , Taipa, Macau , China
- MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology , University of Macau , Taipa, Macau , China
| | - Kenneth King Yip Cheng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Chi Wai Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Chi Bun Chan
- School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , China
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A functional genomics pipeline identifies pleiotropy and cross-tissue effects within obesity-associated GWAS loci. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5253. [PMID: 34489471 PMCID: PMC8421397 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many disease-associated variants, yet mechanisms underlying these associations remain unclear. To understand obesity-associated variants, we generate gene regulatory annotations in adipocytes and hypothalamic neurons across cellular differentiation stages. We then test variants in 97 obesity-associated loci using a massively parallel reporter assay and identify putatively causal variants that display cell type specific or cross-tissue enhancer-modulating properties. Integrating these variants with gene regulatory information suggests genes that underlie obesity GWAS associations. We also investigate a complex genomic interval on 16p11.2 where two independent loci exhibit megabase-range, cross-locus chromatin interactions. We demonstrate that variants within these two loci regulate a shared gene set. Together, our data support a model where GWAS loci contain variants that alter enhancer activity across tissues, potentially with temporally restricted effects, to impact the expression of multiple genes. This complex model has broad implications for ongoing efforts to understand GWAS.
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Ugajin A, Uchiyama H, Miyata T, Sasaki T, Yajima S, Ono M. Identification and initial characterization of novel neural immediate early genes possibly differentially contributing to foraging-related learning and memory processes in the honeybee. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 27:154-165. [PMID: 29096051 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite possessing a limited number of neurones compared to vertebrates, honeybees show remarkable learning and memory performance, an example being 'dance communication'. In this phenomenon, foraging honeybees learn the location of a newly discovered food source and transmit the information to nestmates by symbolic abdomen vibrating behaviour, leading to navigation of nestmates to the new food source. As an initial step toward understanding the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the sophisticated learning and memory performance of the honeybee, we focused on the neural immediate early genes (IEGs), which are specific genes quickly transcribed after neural activity without de novo protein synthesis. Although these have been reported to play an essential role in learning and memory processes in vertebrates, far fewer studies have been performed in insects in this regard. From RNA-sequencing analysis and subsequent assays, we identified three genes, Src homology 3 (SH3) domain binding kinase, family with sequence similarity 46 and GB47136, as novel neural IEGs in the honeybee. Foragers and/or orientating bees, which fly around their hives to memorize the positional information, showed induced expression of these IEGs in the mushroom body, a higher-order centre essential for learning and memory, indicating a possible role for the novel IEGs in foraging-related learning and memory processes in the honeybee.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ugajin
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Uchiyama
- NODAI Genome Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Miyata
- Department of Agri-Production Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Sasaki
- Honeybee Science Research Center, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Yajima
- NODAI Genome Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Ono
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan
- Honeybee Science Research Center, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan
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Gonzalez-Pena D, Gao G, Baranski M, Moen T, Cleveland BM, Kenney PB, Vallejo RL, Palti Y, Leeds TD. Genome-Wide Association Study for Identifying Loci that Affect Fillet Yield, Carcass, and Body Weight Traits in Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss). Front Genet 2016; 7:203. [PMID: 27920797 PMCID: PMC5118429 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fillet yield (FY, %) is an economically-important trait in rainbow trout aquaculture that affects production efficiency. Despite that, FY has received little attention in breeding programs because it is difficult to measure on a large number of fish and cannot be directly measured on breeding candidates. The recent development of a high-density SNP array for rainbow trout has provided the needed tool for studying the underlying genetic architecture of this trait. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted for FY, body weight at 10 (BW10) and 13 (BW13) months post-hatching, head-off carcass weight (CAR), and fillet weight (FW) in a pedigreed rainbow trout population selectively bred for improved growth performance. The GWAS analysis was performed using the weighted single-step GBLUP method (wssGWAS). Phenotypic records of 1447 fish (1.5 kg at harvest) from 299 full-sib families in three successive generations, of which 875 fish from 196 full-sib families were genotyped, were used in the GWAS analysis. A total of 38,107 polymorphic SNPs were analyzed in a univariate model with hatch year and harvest group as fixed effects, harvest weight as a continuous covariate, and animal and common environment as random effects. A new linkage map was developed to create windows of 20 adjacent SNPs for use in the GWAS. The two windows with largest effect for FY and FW were located on chromosome Omy9 and explained only 1.0-1.5% of genetic variance, thus suggesting a polygenic architecture affected by multiple loci with small effects in this population. One window on Omy5 explained 1.4 and 1.0% of the genetic variance for BW10 and BW13, respectively. Three windows located on Omy27, Omy17, and Omy9 (same window detected for FY) explained 1.7, 1.7, and 1.0%, respectively, of genetic variance for CAR. Among the detected 100 SNPs, 55% were located directly in genes (intron and exons). Nucleotide sequences of intragenic SNPs were blasted to the Mus musculus genome to create a putative gene network. The network suggests that differences in the ability to maintain a proliferative and renewable population of myogenic precursor cells may affect variation in growth and fillet yield in rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianelys Gonzalez-Pena
- United States Department of Agriculture, National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Agricultural Research ServiceKearneysville, WV, USA
| | - Guangtu Gao
- United States Department of Agriculture, National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Agricultural Research ServiceKearneysville, WV, USA
| | | | | | - Beth M. Cleveland
- United States Department of Agriculture, National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Agricultural Research ServiceKearneysville, WV, USA
| | - P. Brett Kenney
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia UniversityMorgantown, WV, USA
| | - Roger L. Vallejo
- United States Department of Agriculture, National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Agricultural Research ServiceKearneysville, WV, USA
| | - Yniv Palti
- United States Department of Agriculture, National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Agricultural Research ServiceKearneysville, WV, USA
| | - Timothy D. Leeds
- United States Department of Agriculture, National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Agricultural Research ServiceKearneysville, WV, USA
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Liu S, Vallejo RL, Gao G, Palti Y, Weber GM, Hernandez A, Rexroad CE. Identification of single-nucleotide polymorphism markers associated with cortisol response to crowding in rainbow trout. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 17:328-337. [PMID: 25652693 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-015-9621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding stress responses is essential for improving animal welfare and increasing agriculture production efficiency. Previously, we reported microsatellite markers associated with quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting plasma cortisol response to crowding in rainbow trout. In this study, our main objectives were to identify single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with cortisol response to crowding in rainbow trout using both GWAS (genome-wide association studies) and QTL mapping methods and to employ rapidly expanding genomic resources for rainbow trout toward the identification of candidate genes affecting this trait. A three-generation F2 mapping family (2008052) was genotyped using RAD-seq (restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing) to identify 4874 informative SNPs. GWAS identified 26 SNPs associated with cortisol response to crowding whereas QTL mapping revealed two significant QTL on chromosomes Omy8 and Omy12, respectively. Positional candidate genes were identified using marker sequences to search the draft genome assembly of rainbow trout. One of the genes in the QTL interval on Omy12 is a putative serine/threonine protein kinase gene that was differentially expressed in the liver in response to handling and confinement stress in our previous study. A homologue of this gene was differentially expressed in zebrafish embryos exposed to diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and an environmental toxicant. NSAIDs have been shown to affect the cortisol response in rainbow trout; therefore, this gene is a good candidate based on its physical position and expression. However, the reference genome resources currently available for rainbow trout require continued improvement as demonstrated by the unmapped SNPs and the putative assembly errors detected in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixin Liu
- USDA/ARS National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, USA,
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7
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Han HW, Chou CM, Chu CY, Cheng CH, Yang CH, Hung CC, Hwang PP, Lee SJ, Liao YF, Huang CJ. The Nogo-C2/Nogo receptor complex regulates the morphogenesis of zebrafish lateral line primordium through modulating the expression of dkk1b, a Wnt signal inhibitor. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86345. [PMID: 24466042 PMCID: PMC3897714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The fish lateral line (LL) is a mechanosensory system closely related to the hearing system of higher vertebrates, and it is composed of several neuromasts located on the surface of the fish. These neuromasts can detect changes in external water flow, to assist fish in maintaining a stationary position in a stream. In the present study, we identified a novel function of Nogo/Nogo receptor signaling in the formation of zebrafish neuromasts. Nogo signaling in zebrafish, like that in mammals, involves three ligands and four receptors, as well as three co-receptors (TROY, p75, and LINGO-1). We first demonstrated that Nogo-C2, NgRH1a, p75, and TROY are able to form a Nogo-C2 complex, and that disintegration of this complex causes defective neuromast formation in zebrafish. Time-lapse recording of the CldnB::lynEGFP transgenic line revealed that functional obstruction of the Nogo-C2 complex causes disordered morphogenesis, and reduces rosette formation in the posterior LL (PLL) primordium during migration. Consistent with these findings, hair-cell progenitors were lost from the PLL primordium in p75, TROY, and Nogo-C2/NgRH1a morphants. Notably, the expression levels of pea3, a downstream marker of Fgf signaling, and dkk1b, a Wnt signaling inhibitor, were both decreased in p75, TROY, and Nogo-C2/NgRH1a morphants; moreover, dkk1b mRNA injection could rescue the defects in neuromast formation resulting from knockdown of p75 or TROY. We thus suggest that a novel Nogo-C2 complex, consisting of Nogo-C2, NgRH1a, p75, and TROY, regulates Fgf signaling and dkk1b expression, thereby ensuring stable organization of the PLL primordium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Wei Han
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Chou
- Department of Biochemistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ying Chu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiung Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Chin-Chun Hung
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pung-Pung Hwang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Jye Lee
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Feng Liao
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CJH); (YFL)
| | - Chang-Jen Huang
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CJH); (YFL)
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8
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Liao WH, Cheng CH, Hung KS, Chiu WT, Chen GD, Hwang PP, Hwang SPL, Kuan YS, Huang CJ. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (Ptpro) regulates cerebellar formation during zebrafish development through modulating Fgf signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:2367-81. [PMID: 23361036 PMCID: PMC3676743 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1259-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Protein activities controlled by receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) play comparably important roles in transducing cell surface signals into the cytoplasm by protein tyrosine kinases. Previous studies showed that several RPTPs are involved in neuronal generation, migration, and axon guidance in Drosophila, and the vertebrate hippocampus, retina, and developing limbs. However, whether the protein tyrosine phosphatase type O (ptpro), one kind of RPTP, participates in regulating vertebrate brain development is largely unknown. We isolated the zebrafish ptpro gene and found that its transcripts are primarily expressed in the embryonic and adult central nervous system. Depletion of zebrafish embryonic Ptpro by antisense morpholino oligonucleotide knockdown resulted in prominent defects in the forebrain and cerebellum, and the injected larvae died on the 4th day post-fertilization (dpf). We further investigated the function of ptpro in cerebellar development and found that the expression of ephrin-A5b (efnA5b), a Fgf signaling induced cerebellum patterning factor, was decreased while the expression of dusp6, a negative-feedback gene of Fgf signaling in the midbrain-hindbrain boundary region, was notably induced in ptpro morphants. Further analyses demonstrated that cerebellar defects of ptpro morphants were partially rescued by inhibiting Fgf signaling. Moreover, Ptpro physically interacted with the Fgf receptor 1a (Fgfr1a) and dephosphorylated Fgfr1a in a dose-dependant manner. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that Ptpro activity is required for patterning the zebrafish embryonic brain. Specifically, Ptpro regulates cerebellar formation during zebrafish development through modulating Fgf signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Liao
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 104, Taiwan
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Wang P, Guo J, Wang F, Shi T, Ma D. Human SBK1 is dysregulated in multiple cancers and promotes survival of ovary cancer SK-OV-3 cells. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:3551-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0465-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Chen YC, Wu BK, Chu CY, Cheng CH, Han HW, Chen GD, Lee MT, Hwang PP, Kawakami K, Chang CC, Huang CJ. Identification and characterization of alternative promoters of zebrafish Rtn-4/Nogo genes in cultured cells and zebrafish embryos. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 38:4635-50. [PMID: 20378713 PMCID: PMC2919723 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammals, the Nogo family consists of Nogo-A, Nogo-B and Nogo-C. However, there are three Rtn-4/Nogo-related transcripts were identified in zebrafish. In addition to the common C-terminal region, the N-terminal regions of Rtn4-n/Nogo-C1, Rtn4-m/Nogo-C2 and Rtn4-l/Nogo-B, respectively, contain 9, 25 and 132 amino acid residues. In this study, we isolated the 5'-upstream region of each gene from a BAC clone and demonstrated that the putative promoter regions, P1-P3, are functional in cultured cells and zebrafish embryos. A transgenic zebrafish Tg(Nogo-B:GFP) line was generated using P1 promoter region to drive green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression through Tol2-mediated transgenesis. This line recapitulates the endogenous expression pattern of Rtn4-l/Nogo-B mRNA in the brain, brachial arches, eyes, muscle, liver and intestines. In contrast, GFP expressions by P2 and P3 promoters were localized to skeletal muscles of zebrafish embryos. Several GATA and E-box motifs are found in these promoter regions. Using morpholino knockdown experiments, GATA4 and GATA6 were involved in the control of P1 promoter activity in the liver and intestine, while Myf5 and MyoD for the control of P1 and P3 promoter activities in muscles. These data demonstrate that zebrafish Rtn4/Nogo transcripts might be generated by coupling mechanisms of alternative first exons and alternative promoter usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chung Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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