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Tung B, Ma D, Wang S, Oyinlade O, Laterra J, Ying M, Lv SQ, Wei S, Xia S. Krüppel-like factor 9 and histone deacetylase inhibitors synergistically induce cell death in glioblastoma stem-like cells. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1025. [PMID: 30348136 PMCID: PMC6198521 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4874-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The dismal prognosis of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) is attributed to a rare subset of cancer stem cells that display characteristics of tumor initiation, growth, and resistance to aggressive treatment involving chemotherapy and concomitant radiation. Recent research on the substantial role of epigenetic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of cancers has prompted the investigation of the enzymatic modifications of histone proteins for therapeutic drug targeting. In this work, we have examined the function of Krüppel-like factor 9 (KLF9), a transcription factor, in chemotherapy sensitization to histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDAC inhibitors). Methods Since GBM neurosphere cultures from patient-derived gliomas are enriched for GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) and form highly invasive and proliferative xenografts that recapitulate the features demonstrated in human patients diagnosed with GBM, we established inducible KLF9 expression systems in these GBM neurosphere cells and investigated cell death in the presence of epigenetic modulators such as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. Results We demonstrated that KLF9 expression combined with HDAC inhibitor panobinostat (LBH589) dramatically induced glioma stem cell death via both apoptosis and necroptosis in a synergistic manner. The combination of KLF9 expression and LBH589 treatment affected cell cycle by substantially decreasing the percentage of cells at S-phase. This phenomenon is further corroborated by the upregulation of cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27. Further, we determined that KLF9 and LBH589 regulated the expression of pro- and anti- apoptotic proteins, suggesting a mechanism that involves the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway. In addition, we demonstrated that apoptosis and necrosis inhibitors conferred minimal protective effects against cell death, while inhibitors of the necroptosis pathway significantly blocked cell death. Conclusions Our findings suggest a detailed understanding of how KLF9 expression in cancer cells with epigenetic modulators like HDAC inhibitors may promote synergistic cell death through a mechanism involving both apoptosis and necroptosis that will benefit novel combinatory antitumor strategies to treat malignant brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Tung
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 707 N. Broadway, Room 400K, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ding Ma
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 707 N. Broadway, Room 400K, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shuyan Wang
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 707 N. Broadway, Room 400K, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olutobi Oyinlade
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 707 N. Broadway, Room 400K, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John Laterra
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 707 N. Broadway, Room 400K, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mingyao Ying
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 707 N. Broadway, Room 400K, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sheng-Qing Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Shuang Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shuli Xia
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 707 N. Broadway, Room 400K, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Wang S, Shi X, Wei S, Ma D, Oyinlade O, Lv SQ, Ying M, Zhang YA, Claypool SM, Watkins P, Xia S. Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) induces mitochondrial fusion and increases spare respiratory capacity of human glioblastoma cells. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:6544-6555. [PMID: 29507094 PMCID: PMC5925822 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a zinc finger transcription factor critical for the regulation of many cellular functions in both normal and neoplastic cells. Here, using human glioblastoma cells, we investigated KLF4's effects on cancer cell metabolism. We found that forced KLF4 expression promotes mitochondrial fusion and induces dramatic changes in mitochondrial morphology. To determine the impact of these changes on the cellular functions following, we analyzed how KLF4 alters glioblastoma cell metabolism, including glucose uptake, glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and oxidative phosphorylation. We did not identify significant differences in baseline cellular metabolism between control and KLF4-expressing cells. However, when mitochondrial function was impaired, KLF4 significantly increased spare respiratory capacity and levels of reactive oxygen species in the cells. To identify the biological effects of these changes, we analyzed proliferation and survival of control and KLF4-expressing cells under stress conditions, including serum and nutrition deprivation. We found that following serum starvation, KLF4 altered cell cycle progression by arresting the cells at the G2/M phase and that KLF4 protected cells from nutrition deprivation-induced death. Finally, we demonstrated that methylation-dependent KLF4-binding activity mediates mitochondrial fusion. Specifically, the downstream targets of KLF4-mCpG binding, guanine nucleotide exchange factors, serve as the effector of KLF4-induced mitochondrial fusion, cell cycle arrest, and cell protection. Our experimental system provides a robust model for studying the interactions between mitochondrial morphology and function, mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism, and mitochondrial fusion and cell death during tumor initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Wang
- From the Cell Therapy Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
- the Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
- the Departments of Neurology and
| | - Xiaohai Shi
- the Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Shuang Wei
- the Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
- the Departments of Neurology and
- the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China, and
| | - Ding Ma
- the Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
- the Departments of Neurology and
| | - Olutobi Oyinlade
- the Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Sheng-Qing Lv
- the Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Mingyao Ying
- the Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
- the Departments of Neurology and
| | - Yu Alex Zhang
- From the Cell Therapy Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | | | - Paul Watkins
- the Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
- the Departments of Neurology and
| | - Shuli Xia
- the Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland 21205,
- the Departments of Neurology and
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Multifactorial interaction of growth factors on Penaeus monodon lymphoid cells and the impact of IGFs in DNA synthesis and metabolic activity in vitro. Cytotechnology 2014; 67:559-71. [PMID: 24566667 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9697-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of continuous cell lines from shrimp is essential to investigate viral pathogens. Unfortunately, there is no valid cell line developed from crustaceans in general and shrimps in particular to address this issue. Lack of information on the requirements of cells in vitro limits the success of developing a cell line, where the microenvironment of a cell culture, provided by the growth medium, is of prime importance. Screening and optimization of growth medium components based on statistical experimental designs have been widely used for improving the efficacy of cell culture media. Accordingly, we applied Plackett-Burman design and response surface methodology to study multifactorial interactions between the growth factors in shrimp cell culture medium and to identify the most important ones for growth of lymphoid cell culture from Penaeus monodon. The statistical screening and optimization indicated that insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin like growth factor-II (IGF-II) at concentrations of 100 and 150 ng ml(-1), respectively, could significantly influence the metabolic activity and DNA synthesis of the lymphoid cells. An increase of 53 % metabolic activity and 24.8 % DNA synthesis could be obtained, which suggested that IGF-I and IGF-II had critical roles in metabolic activity and DNA synthesis of shrimp lymphoid cells.
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Arechederra M, Carmona R, González-Nuñez M, Gutiérrez-Uzquiza A, Bragado P, Cruz-González I, Cano E, Guerrero C, Sánchez A, López-Novoa JM, Schneider MD, Maina F, Muñoz-Chápuli R, Porras A. Met signaling in cardiomyocytes is required for normal cardiac function in adult mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:2204-15. [PMID: 23994610 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor, Met, are key determinants of distinct developmental processes. Although HGF exerts cardio-protective effects in a number of cardiac pathologies, it remains unknown whether HGF/Met signaling is essential for myocardial development and/or physiological function in adulthood. We therefore investigated the requirement of HGF/Met signaling in cardiomyocyte for embryonic and postnatal heart development and function by conditional inactivation of the Met receptor in cardiomyocytes using the Cre-α-MHC mouse line (referred to as α-MHCMet-KO). Although α-MHCMet-KO mice showed normal heart development and were viable and fertile, by 6 months of age, males developed cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, associated with interstitial fibrosis. A significant upregulation in markers of myocardial damage, such as β-MHC and ANF, was also observed. By the age of 9 months, α-MHCMet-KO males displayed systolic cardiac dysfunction. Mechanistically, we provide evidence of a severe imbalance in the antioxidant defenses in α-MHCMet-KO hearts involving a reduced expression and activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase, with consequent reactive oxygen species accumulation. Similar anomalies were observed in females, although with a slower kinetics. We also found that Met signaling down-regulation leads to an increase in TGF-β production and a decrease in p38MAPK activation, which may contribute to phenotypic alterations displayed in α-MHCMet-KO mice. Consistently, we show that HGF acts through p38α to upregulate antioxidant enzymes in cardiomyocytes. Our results highlight that HGF/Met signaling in cardiomyocytes plays a physiological cardio-protective role in adult mice by acting as an endogenous regulator of heart function through oxidative stress control.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Arechederra
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Shin YJ, Tata DB, Waynant RW, Gehlbach PL, Chuck RS. Fluorometric Determination of the Redox State and Distribution of Mitochondria in Human Malignant Glioblastoma Cells Grown on Different Culturing Substrates. Photomed Laser Surg 2010; 28 Suppl 1:S105-10. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2009.2600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Young Joo Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Darrell B. Tata
- Food and Drug Administration, OSEL, Division of Physics, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Ronald W. Waynant
- Food and Drug Administration, OSEL, Division of Physics, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Peter L. Gehlbach
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Roy S. Chuck
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
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