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Zhang L, Ye B, Chen Z, Chen ZS. Progress in the studies on the molecular mechanisms associated with multidrug resistance in cancers. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 13:982-997. [PMID: 36970215 PMCID: PMC10031261 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the important methods to treat cancer, and the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) is one major cause for the failure of cancer chemotherapy. Almost all anti-tumor drugs develop drug resistance over a period of time of application in cancer patients, reducing their effects on killing cancer cells. Chemoresistance can lead to a rapid recurrence of cancers and ultimately patient death. MDR may be induced by multiple mechanisms, which are associated with a complex process of multiple genes, factors, pathways, and multiple steps, and today the MDR-associated mechanisms are largely unknown. In this paper, from the aspects of protein-protein interactions, alternative splicing (AS) in pre-mRNA, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) mediation, genome mutations, variance in cell functions, and influence from the tumor microenvironment, we summarize the molecular mechanisms associated with MDR in cancers. In the end, prospects for the exploration of antitumor drugs that can reverse MDR are briefly discussed from the angle of drug systems with improved targeting properties, biocompatibility, availability, and other advantages.
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Correlation of Tryptophan Metabolic Pathway with Immune Activation and Chemosensitivity in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2158525. [PMID: 36185621 PMCID: PMC9520315 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2158525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common type of lung cancer with high malignancy and easy metastasis in the early stage. In this study, we aimed to figure out the role of tryptophan metabolic pathway in LUAD prognosis and treatment. Different molecular subtypes were constructed based on tryptophan metabolism-related genes. Significant prognostic genes and clinical prognostic characteristics, immune infiltration level, and pathway activity in different subtypes were determined by algorithms, such as the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso), CIBERSORT, Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The effect of different gene mutation types on the prognosis of patients with LUAD was explored. The clinical prognosis model was constructed and its reliability was verified. Of the 40 genes in the tryptophan metabolism pathway, 13 had significant prognostic significance. Based on these 13 genes, three molecular subtypes (C1, C2, and C3) were established. Among them, C1 had the worst prognosis and the lowest enrichment score of tryptophan metabolism. At the same time, C1 had the most genetic variation, the highest level of immune infiltration, and significantly activated pathways related to tumor development. The high-risk and low-risk groups had significant differences in prognosis, immune infiltration and pathway enrichment, which was consistent with the results of subtype analysis. Mutation in tryptophan metabolism-related genes leads to abnormal tryptophan metabolism, immune deficiency, and activation of cancer-promoting pathways. This results in high malignancy, poor prognosis, and failure of traditional clinical treatments. Through the establishment of risk score (RS) clinical prognosis model, we determined that RS could reliably predict the prognosis of patients with LUAD.
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Peluso JJ, Pru JK. Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component (PGRMC)1 and PGRMC2 and Their Roles in Ovarian and Endometrial Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235953. [PMID: 34885064 PMCID: PMC8656518 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers of the female reproductive tract are both lethal and highly prevalent. For example, the five-year survival rate of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer is still less than 50%, and endometrial cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women with > 65,000 new cases in the United States in 2020. Among the many genes already established as key participants in ovarian and endometrial oncogenesis, progesterone receptor membrane component (PGRMC)1 and PGRMC2 have gained recent attention given that there is now solid correlative information supporting a role for at least PGRMC1 in enhancing tumor growth and chemoresistance. The expression of PGRMC1 is significantly increased in both ovarian and endometrial cancers, similar to that reported in other cancer types. Xenograft studies using human ovarian and endometrial cancer cell lines in immunocompromised mice demonstrate that reduced expression of PGRMC1 results in tumors that grow substantially slower. While the molecular underpinnings of PGRMCs' mechanisms of action are not clearly established, it is known that PGRMCs regulate survival pathways that attenuate stress-induced cell death. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of what is known about the roles that PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 play in ovarian and endometrial cancers, particularly as related to the mechanisms through which they regulate mitosis, apoptosis, chemoresistance, and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J. Peluso
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Correspondence: ; +1-860-679-2860
| | - James K. Pru
- Department of Animal Science, Program in Reproductive Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA;
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Li Y, Liu H, Cui Y, Chen H, Cui X, Shao J, Su F, He X. miR-424-3p Contributes to the Malignant Progression and Chemoresistance of Gastric Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:12201-12211. [PMID: 33273826 PMCID: PMC7705957 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s280717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common and lethal malignancies worldwide. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanism of its malignant progression and chemoresistance will be helpful for the treatment of patients with GC. Methods The gene expression profiles downloaded from GEO database and the TargetScan Human were used to identify the key regulation model based on miRNA by bioinformatics analyses. The regulation of miRNA to target was clarified by luciferase assay, qPCR, and Western blotting. Then, the in vitro and in vivo experiments were further conducted by overexpression or knockdown of miRNA and/or target to examine the regulation effects and clarify the mechanism. Results In the present study, miR-424-3p was identified to be differentially expressed among normal gastric, GC, and chemoresistant GC tissues. Target analysis results indicated that ABCC2, a chemoresistance-related gene, was a regulated target of miR-424-3p. The in vitro and in vivo experiment results further demonstrated that miR-424-3p relied on ABCC2-induced chemoresistance to promote GC proliferation and metastasis. Conclusion Overall, this study revealed that miR-424-3p contributed to the malignant progression and chemoresistance of GC. Thus, miR-424-3p could be a potential target for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjie Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cui
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, People's Republic of China
| | - Hekai Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Cui
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Shao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Su
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghui He
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, People's Republic of China
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Moreira T, Francisco R, Comsa E, Duban-Deweer S, Labas V, Teixeira-Gomes AP, Combes-Soia L, Marques F, Matos A, Favrelle A, Rousseau C, Zinck P, Falson P, Garcia MH, Preto A, Valente A. Polymer "ruthenium-cyclopentadienyl" conjugates - New emerging anti-cancer drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 168:373-384. [PMID: 30826512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we aimed to understand the biological activity and the mechanism of action of three polymer-'ruthenium-cyclopentadienyl' conjugates (RuPMC) and a low molecular weight parental compound (Ru1) in cancer cells. Several biological assays were performed in ovarian (A2780) and breast (MCF7, MDA-MB-231) human cancer derived cell lines as well as in A2780cis, a cisplatin resistant cancer cell line. Our results show that all compounds have high activity towards cancer cells with low IC50 values in the micromolar range. We observed that all Ru-PMC compounds are mainly found inside the cells, in contrast with the parental low molecular weight compound Ru1 that was mainly found at the membrane. All compounds induced mitochondrial alterations. PMC3 and Ru1 caused F-actin cytoskeleton morphology changes and reduced the clonogenic ability of the cells. The conjugate PMC3 induced apoptosis at low concentrations comparing to cisplatin and could overcame the platinum resistance of A2780cis cancer cells. A proteomic analysis showed that these compounds induce alterations in several cellular proteins which are related to the phenotypic disorders induced by them. Our results suggest that PMC3 is foreseen as a lead candidate to future studies and acting through a different mechanism of action than cisplatin. Here we established the potential of these Ru compounds as new metallodrugs for cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Moreira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Portugal. Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Rita Francisco
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Portugal. Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Elisabeta Comsa
- Drug Resistance & Membrane Proteins Team, Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, CNRS-UCBL1 UMR 5086, IBCP, 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Duban-Deweer
- Laboratoire de la barrière hémato-encéphalique (LBHE), Plateau Spectrométrie de Masse de l'ARTois (SMART), Université d'Artois, EA 2465, Lens, F-62300, France
| | - Valérie Labas
- Plate-forme de Chirurgie et d'Imagerie pour la Recherche et l'Enseignement (CIRE), Pôle d'Analyse et d'Imagerie des Biomolécules (PAIB), PR China, INRA, CNRS, Université de Tours, IFCE, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Ana-Paula Teixeira-Gomes
- Plate-forme de Chirurgie et d'Imagerie pour la Recherche et l'Enseignement (CIRE), Pôle d'Analyse et d'Imagerie des Biomolécules (PAIB), PR China, INRA, CNRS, Université de Tours, IFCE, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Lucie Combes-Soia
- Plate-forme de Chirurgie et d'Imagerie pour la Recherche et l'Enseignement (CIRE), Pôle d'Analyse et d'Imagerie des Biomolécules (PAIB), PR China, INRA, CNRS, Université de Tours, IFCE, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, E.N.10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - António Matos
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior CRL, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Audrey Favrelle
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Cyril Rousseau
- Unity of Catalysis and Solid State Chemistry, UMR CNRS 8181, University of Artois, 62000, Lens, France
| | - Philippe Zinck
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Falson
- Drug Resistance & Membrane Proteins Team, Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, CNRS-UCBL1 UMR 5086, IBCP, 69367, Lyon, France
| | - M Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Preto
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Portugal. Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Ovarian cancer cells cisplatin sensitization agents selected by mass cytometry target ABCC2 inhibition. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:1349-1360. [PMID: 29848100 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer remains a complex problem as tumors frequently develop resistance against drugs, a mechanism sometimes mediated by ATP-Binding Cassette transporters. Our goal was to find compounds restricting their inhibition capacity to the cisplatin efflux mediated by ABCC2 pump, among previously identified inhibitors, derived from the 2- indolylmethylenebenzofuranones. Methodology & results: An original method setup allows direct quantitation of platinum by employing cyTOF mass cytometry. Among tested derivatives, some led to a full platinum accumulation and efficiently resensitized cisplatin-resistant A2780 cells to cisplatin while preserving most of the calcein efflux activity. CONCLUSION CyTOF is therefore a powerful and promising method to quantify cisplatin accumulation that may be used in the clinical setting to improve and personalize cancer treatment.
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Cell Migration Related to MDR-Another Impediment to Effective Chemotherapy? Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020331. [PMID: 29401721 PMCID: PMC6017720 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance, mediated by members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins superfamily, has become one of the biggest obstacles in conquering tumour progression. If the chemotherapy outcome is considered successful, when the primary tumour volume is decreased or completely abolished, modulation of ABC proteins activity is one of the best methods to overcome drug resistance. However, if a positive outcome is represented by no metastasis or, at least, elongation of remission-free time, then the positive effect of ABC proteins inhibition should be compared with the several side effects it causes, which may inflict cancer progression and decrease overall patient health. Clinical trials conducted thus far have shown that the tested ABC modulators add limited or no benefits to cancer patients, as some of them are merely toxic and others induce unwanted drug–drug interactions. Moreover, the inhibition of certain ABC members has been recently indicated as potentially responsible for increased fibroblasts migration. A better understanding of the complex role of ABC proteins in relation to cancer progression may offer novel strategies in cancer therapy.
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Ma J, Salamoun J, Wipf P, Edwards R, Van Houten B, Qian W. Combination of a thioxodihydroquinazolinone with cisplatin eliminates ovarian cancer stem cell-like cells (CSC-LCs) and shows preclinical potential. Oncotarget 2017; 9:6042-6054. [PMID: 29464053 PMCID: PMC5814193 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cell-like cells (CSC-LCs) contribute to drug resistance and recurrence of ovarian cancer. Strategies that can eradicate CSC-LCs are expected to substantially improve the outcome of ovarian cancer treatment. We have previously identified a class of thioxodihydroquinazolinone small molecules, which have strong synergistic antitumor activity with platinum drugs, the standard chemotherapeutic agents for ovarian cancer treatment. In the current study, using the activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) as a marker of CSC-LCs, we demonstrated that the combination of thioxodihydroquinazolinone compound 19 with cisplatin is able to diminish ALDH-high CSC-LC populations in both platinum-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines and primary ovarian cancer cells from metastatic ascites of a cisplatin-resistant patient. Compound 19 enhanced the accumulation of intracellular cisplatin in ALDH-high ovarian CSC-LCs. The combination of compound 19 with cisplatin was also able to reduce the sphere-forming capability of cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Using a spheroid-based in vitro metastasis model of ovarian cancer, we demonstrated that the co-administration of compound 19 with cisplatin prevents ovarian cancer spheroid cells from attaching to substratum and spreading. In a cisplatin-resistant in vivo intraperitoneal xenograft mouse model, the combination of compound 19 with cisplatin significantly reduced tumor burden, as compared to cisplatin alone. Taken together, our study demonstrated that thioxodihydroquinazolinones represent a new class of agents that in combination with cisplatin are capable of eliminating CSC-LCs in ovarian cancer. Further development of thioxodihydroquinazolinone small molecules may yield a more effective treatment for cisplatin-resistant metastatic ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Joseph Salamoun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.,Accelerated Chemical Discovery Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Robert Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Bennett Van Houten
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Wei Qian
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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9
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Chen YJ, Chen SY, Lovel R, Ku YC, Lai YH, Hung CL, Li YF, Lu YC, Tai CK. Enhancing chemosensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma by lentivirus vector-mediated RNA interference targeting EGFR and MRP2. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:2107-2114. [PMID: 27602148 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is the eighth most common type of cancer among men worldwide, with an age-standardized rate of 6.3 per 100,000, and is the fourth leading cause of cancer-associated mortality among men in Taiwan. Cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are two of the most frequently utilized chemotherapy drugs for the treatment of oral cancer. Although oral cancer patients initially benefit from chemotherapy with these drugs, they may develop resistance to them, which worsens their prognosis and reduces survival rates. It has been reported that increased levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) induce drug resistance in numerous types of human cancer. Therefore, the present study employed lentivirus vector-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) in order to target the genes encoding EGFR and MRP2 in the oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line OC2. It was observed that RNAi-mediated downregulation of EGFR or MRP2 increased the sensitivity to 5-FU and cisplatin in OC2 cells. Downregulation of EGFR resulted in significant suppression of OC2 tumor growth following 5-FU administration. However, simultaneous downregulation of the two genes did not further suppress the tumor growth, indicating that MRP2 does not have a significant role in the chemosensitivity of EGFR-downregulated cells to 5-FU. In contrast, downregulation of MRP2 was demonstrated to significantly enhance the therapeutic effects of cisplatin in EGFR-downregulated OC2 tumors. The observation that the expression of MRP2 was positively correlated with the level of cisplatin resistance in cells suggests that RNAi-mediated downregulation of MRP2 may be applicable as a therapeutic approach toward reversing MRP2-dependent cisplatin resistance in oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ju Chen
- Department of Life Science and Institutes of Molecular Biology and Biomedical Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shiuan-Yin Chen
- Department of Life Science and Institutes of Molecular Biology and Biomedical Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ronald Lovel
- Department of Life Science and Institutes of Molecular Biology and Biomedical Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Chu Ku
- Department of Life Science and Institutes of Molecular Biology and Biomedical Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Hui Lai
- Department of Life Science and Institutes of Molecular Biology and Biomedical Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chiao-Ling Hung
- Department of Life Science and Institutes of Molecular Biology and Biomedical Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Fen Li
- Institute of Biostatistics, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yin-Che Lu
- Department of Life Science and Institutes of Molecular Biology and Biomedical Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi 60002, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Department of Health and Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71710, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chien-Kuo Tai
- Department of Life Science and Institutes of Molecular Biology and Biomedical Science, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett 2015; 370:153-64. [PMID: 26499806 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 504] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a serious phenomenon employed by cancer cells which hampers the success of cancer pharmacotherapy. One of the common mechanisms of MDR is the overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) efflux transporters in cancer cells such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2/ABCC2), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) that limits the prolonged and effective use of chemotherapeutic drugs. Researchers have found that developing inhibitors of ABC efflux transporters as chemosensitizers could overcome MDR. But the clinical trials have shown that most of these chemosensitizers are merely toxic and only show limited or no benefits to cancer patients, thus new inhibitors are being explored. Recent findings also suggest that efflux pumps of the ABC transporter family are subject to epigenetic gene regulation. In this review, we summarize recent findings of the role of ABC efflux transporters in MDR.
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Ween MP, Armstrong MA, Oehler MK, Ricciardelli C. The role of ABC transporters in ovarian cancer progression and chemoresistance. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 96:220-56. [PMID: 26100653 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 80% of ovarian cancer patients develop chemoresistance which results in a lethal course of the disease. A well-established cause of chemoresistance involves the family of ATP-binding cassette transporters, or ABC transporters that transport a wide range of substrates including metabolic products, nutrients, lipids, and drugs across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. Expressions of various ABC transporters, shown to reduce the intracellular accumulation of chemotherapy drugs, are increased following chemotherapy and impact on ovarian cancer survival. Although clinical trials to date using ABC transporter inhibitors have been disappointing, ABC transporter inhibition remains an attractive potential adjuvant to chemotherapy. A greater understanding of their physiological functions and role in ovarian cancer chemoresistance will be important for the development of more effective targeted therapies. This article will review the role of the ABC transporter family in ovarian cancer progression and chemoresistance as well as the clinical attempts used to date to reverse chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Ween
- Lung Research, Hanson Institute and Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide
| | - M A Armstrong
- Data Management and Analysis Centre, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - M K Oehler
- Gynaecological Oncology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Australia; School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - C Ricciardelli
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Australia.
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Joyce H, McCann A, Clynes M, Larkin A. Influence of multidrug resistance and drug transport proteins on chemotherapy drug metabolism. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 11:795-809. [PMID: 25836015 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2015.1028356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chemotherapy involving the use of anticancer drugs remains an important strategy in the overall management of patients with metastatic cancer. Acquisition of multidrug resistance remains a major impediment to successful chemotherapy. Drug transporters in cell membranes and intracellular drug metabolizing enzymes contribute to the resistance phenotype and determine the pharmacokinetics of anticancer drugs in the body. AREAS COVERED ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters mediate the transport of endogenous metabolites and xenobiotics including cytotoxic drugs out of cells. Solute carrier (SLC) transporters mediate the influx of cytotoxic drugs into cells. This review focuses on the substrate interaction of these transporters, on their biology and what role they play together with drug metabolizing enzymes in eliminating therapeutic drugs from cells. EXPERT OPINION The majority of anticancer drugs are substrates for the ABC transporter and SLC transporter families. Together, these proteins have the ability to control the influx and the efflux of structurally unrelated chemotherapeutic drugs, thereby modulating the intracellular drug concentration. These interactions have important clinical implications for chemotherapy because ultimately they determine therapeutic efficacy, disease progression/relapse and the success or failure of patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Joyce
- Dublin City University, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology (NICB) , Glasnevin, Dublin 9 , Ireland +353 1 7005700 ; +353 1 7005484 ;
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Jendželovská Z, Jendželovský R, Hiľovská L, Kovaľ J, Mikeš J, Fedoročko P. Single pre-treatment with hypericin, a St. John’s wort secondary metabolite, attenuates cisplatin- and mitoxantrone-induced cell death in A2780, A2780cis and HL-60 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2014; 28:1259-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ricciardelli C, Ween MP, Lokman NA, Tan IA, Pyragius CE, Oehler MK. Chemotherapy-induced hyaluronan production: a novel chemoresistance mechanism in ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:476. [PMID: 24124770 PMCID: PMC3852938 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyaluronan (HA) an important component of the extracellular matrix, has been linked to tumor progression and drug resistance in several malignancies. However, limited data is available for ovarian cancer. This study investigated the role of hyaluronan (HA) and a potential link between the HA-CD44 pathway and membrane ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins in ovarian cancer chemoresistance. Methods We investigated the ability of HA to block the cytotoxic effects of the chemotherapy drug carboplatin, and to regulate the expression of ABC transporters in ovarian cancer cells. We also examined HA serum levels in ovarian cancer patients prior to and following chemotherapy and assessed its prognostic relevance. Results HA increased the survival of carboplatin treated ovarian cancer cells expressing the HA receptor, CD44 (OVCAR-5 and OV-90). Carboplatin significantly increased expression of HAS2, HAS3 and ABCC2 and HA secretion in ovarian cancer cell conditioned media. Serum HA levels were significantly increased in patients following platinum based chemotherapy and at both 1st and 2nd recurrence when compared with HA levels prior to treatment. High serum HA levels (>50 μg/ml) prior to chemotherapy treatment were associated with significantly reduced progression-free (P = 0.014) and overall survival (P = 0.036). HA production in ovarian cancer cells was increased in cancer tissues collected following chemotherapy treatment and at recurrence. Furthermore HA treatment significantly increased the expression of ABC drug transporters (ABCB3, ABCC1, ABCC2, and ABCC3), but only in ovarian cancer cells expressing CD44. The effects of HA and carboplatin on ABC transporter expression in ovarian cancer cells could be abrogated by HA oligomer treatment. Importantly, HA oligomers increased the sensitivity of chemoresistant SKOV3 cells to carboplatin. Conclusions Our findings indicate that carboplatin chemotherapy induces HA production which can contribute to chemoresistance by regulating ABC transporter expression. The HA-CD44 signaling pathway is therefore a promising target in platinum resistant ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Ricciardelli
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, South Australia, Australia.
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15
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Guddati AK, Shaheen S. Characterization of disease progression in ovarian cancer by utilizing 'chemograms' of ovarian cancer stem cells. J Chemother 2013; 25:184-91. [PMID: 23783145 DOI: 10.1179/1973947812y.0000000058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women with cancer. First-line chemotherapy with platinum compounds and taxane compounds has been effective, but most patients develop a relapse of the disease due to drug resistance. There is growing evidence that this resistance may be due to the presence of ovarian cancer stem cells. DISCUSSION Cells with properties of cancer stem cells have been isolated from the ascitic fluid of ovarian cancer patients. This subset of cells is highly tumourigenic compared to the rest of the cells in the ascitic fluid. They are known to exude harmful chemicals from their cytoplasm and have been found to be resistant to chemotherapeutic agents. This property has been utilized to purify them by fluorescence assisted cytometry to yield a subset of cells which are called 'side population'. These cells exhibit the properties of cancer stem cells and their role in disease progression is being currently investigated. The course of the disease can be potentially characterized at the cellular level by closely studying this cell population. They can also be cultured in different combinations of chemotherapeutic agents at varying concentrations to obtain 'chemograms' which are sensitivity charts. Chemotherapeutic agents which produce the most effective kill curves can then be rationally used as a second-line chemotherapy if the disease relapses. These sensitivity charts can provide insight into emerging patterns of chemoresistance and also help discover surface markers that accurately identify ovarian cancer stem cells. CONCLUSION The high rate of disease relapse in patients with ovarian cancer requires a new and different approach utilizing the sensitivity of cancer stem cells. Isolating and characterizing the resistance patterns of ovarian cancer stem cells may provide a rational approach towards an effective and individualized chemotherapeutic regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achuta K Guddati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
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16
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MRP2 (ABCC2, cMOAT) expression in nuclear envelope of primary fallopian tube cancer cells is a new unfavorable prognostic factor. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2012; 287:563-70. [PMID: 23135210 PMCID: PMC3569580 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-012-2589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective To determine the prognostic value of the immunohistochemical evaluation of the multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) expression, together with its subcellular localization in primary fallopian tube carcinomas (PFTCs). Methods The immunohistochemical analysis was performed using samples originating from 70 patients with PFTCs. Results (1) We documented that MRP2 can be localized in the plasma membrane (MRP2c), as well as in the nuclear envelope (MRP2n) of the PFTC cells. (2) Patients with more advanced stage, with progression of the disease and patients who died, showed significantly higher expression of the MRP2n. (3) Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that MRP2n is an unfavorable prognostic factor in PFTCs. (4) The analysis of the classic clinicopathological data revealed that only the FIGO stage had prognostic value, both in the univariate, as well as in multivariate analysis. Conclusions (1) This study suggests that MRP2n is a new disadvantageous prognostic factor in PFTCs and (2) that expression in nuclear envelope can be associated with lower differentiation of cancer cells and their resistance to the cisplatin. (3) We have also confirmed independent prognostic value of FIGO stage in PFTCs.
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17
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Ovarian cancer stem cells: elusive targets for chemotherapy. Med Oncol 2012; 29:3400-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-012-0252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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18
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Hałoń A, Nowak-Markwitz E, Donizy P, Matkowski R, Maciejczyk A, Gansukh T, Györffy B, Spaczyński M, Zabel M, Lage H, Surowiak P. Enhanced immunoreactivity of TIMP-2 in the stromal compartment of tumor as a marker of favorable prognosis in ovarian cancer patients. J Histochem Cytochem 2012; 60:491-501. [PMID: 22511598 DOI: 10.1369/0022155412446978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Degradation of the extracellular matrix and basement membrane is a critical step in tumor progression. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP 2) act in a coordinated manner to form an integrated system involved in ovarian cancer (OC) progression. In this study, the authors describe the expression of TIMP-2 detected by immunohistochemistry in 6 OC cell lines and in 43 malignant epithelial ovarian tumors (in tumor and stromal compartments) in sections originating from primary laparotomies. No significant correlations between overall and progression-free survival and TIMP-2 expression in tumor compartment were observed. The analysis demonstrated a significant association between enhanced stromal expression of TIMP-2 and better clinical response to cisplatin- and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy. Increased expression of TIMP-2 in the stromal compartment and simultaneous overexpression in both stromal and tumor compartments strongly correlated with increased survival. No significant correlations were found in vitro between resistance to cisplatin, paclitaxel, or topotecan and the expression of TIMP-2 in the OC cell lines, suggesting stromal influences on tumor chemoresistance in the physiological environment. This study supports the concept of TIMP-2 expression in the stromal compartment of OC as a promising marker of prognosis and response to cisplatin- and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy in OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Hałoń
- Department of Pathomorphology (AH,PD), Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
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19
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Liu B, Zhao L, Ma H, Zhang W, Jin Y. Knockdown of MRP4 by lentivirus-mediated siRNA improves sensitivity to adriamycin in adriamycin-resistant acute myeloid leukemia cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-011-4840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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ABCC2 (MRP2, cMOAT) localized in the nuclear envelope of breast carcinoma cells correlates with poor clinical outcome. Pathol Oncol Res 2011; 18:331-42. [PMID: 21986666 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-011-9449-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear expression of ABCC2 can be specific for lower differentiated cells and stem cells. The study aimed at examination of ABCC2 expression in breast cancers. The immunohistochemical analyses were performed on 70 samples of breast cancer. We have also studied prognostic value of the ABCC2 mRNA expression using the KM plotter which assessed the effect of 22,277 genes on survival in 1809 breast cancer patients. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that ABCC2 expression may be manifested in nuclear envelope of neoplastic cells (ABCC2n) as well as in their cell membrane and cytoplasm (ABCC2c). The univariate and multivariate analyses showed that higher expression of ABCC2n and ABCC2c was typical for cases of a shorter overall survival time. Higher ABBC2n expression was also typical for cases of a shorter disease-free survival and a shorter progression-free time. The KM plotter analysis of the prognostic value of ABCC2 mRNA expression showed that elevated ABCC2 expression was specific for cases of a shorter relapse-free survival only in the estrogen receptor-negative subgroup. The study demonstrated hat breast cancers manifest ABCC2 expression and that it is linked to a less favourable prognosis. Our results suggested that immunohistochemical tests represent a reliable way to detect prognostic value of ABCC2 expression, allowing to demonstrate differences related to subcellular localization of the protein. Cases with nuclear expression of ABCC2 manifested a more aggressive clinical course, which might reflect a less advanced differentiation of neplastic cells, resistance to the applied cytostatic drugs and tamoxifen.
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21
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Halon A, Materna V, Drag-Zalesinska M, Nowak-Markwitz E, Gansukh T, Donizy P, Spaczynski M, Zabel M, Dietel M, Lage H, Surowiak P. Estrogen receptor alpha expression in ovarian cancer predicts longer overall survival. Pathol Oncol Res 2011; 17:511-8. [PMID: 21207255 PMCID: PMC3158974 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-010-9340-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen as a potential factor of ovarian carcinogenesis, acts via two nuclear receptors, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), but the cellular signal pathways involved are not completely clear so far. In this study we have described the expression of ERα, detected by immunocytochemistry in 11 ovarian carcinoma cell lines and by immunohistochemistry in 43 Federation Internationale des Gyneacologistes et Obstetristes stage III ovarian carcinoma specimens prepared before and after treatment with cisplatin-based schemes. For cisplatin resistance is a major obstacle in the treatment of ovarian carcinoma, analysis of cisplatin sensitivity in 11 ovarian carcinoma cell line was also performed. The strong nuclear ERα expression was only shown in the single A2780P cell line. Expression of ERα in tissue specimens did not reveal any correlations between histopathological parameters (histologic type and grading). We demonstrated a significant association with ERα expression in specimens from primary laparotomies (PL) and cause–specific survival. In the cases terminated by death of the patient, overall immunoreactivity score of ERα expression at PL was significantly lower than in surviving patients. In addition, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed significantly shorter overall survival time and progression-free time in cases with lower immunoreactivity score of ERα expression at PL. Our findings support the hypothesis that aberrant hormone activity, by way of altered receptor expression, might be an important factor in the malignant transformation of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Halon
- Department of Pathomorphology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
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22
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Yamasaki M, Makino T, Masuzawa T, Kurokawa Y, Miyata H, Takiguchi S, Nakajima K, Fujiwara Y, Matsuura N, Mori M, Doki Y. Role of multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) in chemoresistance and clinical outcome in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2011; 104:707-13. [PMID: 21206495 PMCID: PMC3049584 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6606071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) confers chemoresistance in some cancer types, its implication on oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. METHODS We evaluated MRP2 expression by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR using 81 resected specimens from ESCC patients who did or did not receive neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), including 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (CDDP). Correlation between MRP2 expression and response to chemotherapy was also examined in 42 pre-therapeutic biopsy samples and eight ESCC cell lines. RESULTS MRP2-positive immunostaining was more frequently observed in ESCCs with NACT than in those without NACT (27.3 vs 5.4%). The MRP2-positive patients showed poorer prognosis than MRP2-negative patients (5-year survival rate, 25.6 vs 55.7%). Concordantly, ESCC with NACT showed 2.1-fold higher mRNA expression of MRP2 than those without NACT (P=0.0350). In pre-therapeutic biopsy samples of patients with NACT, non-responders showed 2.9-fold higher mRNA expression of MRP2 than responders (P=0.0035). Among the panel of ESCC cell lines, TE14 showed the highest MRP2 mRNA expression along with the strongest resistance to CDDP. Inhibition of MRP2 expression by small-interfering RNA reduced chemoresistance to CDDP. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that MRP2 is one of molecules, which regulate the sensitivity to chemotherapy including CDDP in advanced ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2-E2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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23
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Gene expression analysis reveals a different transcriptomic landscape in female and male breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2010; 127:601-10. [PMID: 20625818 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-010-1015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Male breast cancer (MBC) is a poorly characterized disease because of its rarity. Clinical management is based on results obtained from randomized trials conducted in women notwithstanding data in the literature suggesting relevant gender-associated differences in terms of biological and clinical behavior. However, a genome-wide characterization of MBC on a transcriptional level is lacking. In this study, gene expression profiles of 37 estrogen receptor positive (ER+) MBC specimens were compared to that of 53 ER+ Female Breast Cancer (FBC) samples similar for clinical and patho-biological features. Almost 1000 genes were found differentially expressed (FDR < 1%) between female and male patients and biological interpretation highlighted a gender-associated modulation of key biological processes ranging from energy metabolism to regulation of translation and matrix remodeling as well as immune system recruitment. Moreover, an analysis of genes correlated to steroid receptors and ERBB2 suggested a prominent role for the androgen receptor in MBC with a minor relevance for progesterone receptor and ERBB2, although, similarly to FBC, a genomic amplification could be observed. Our findings support the idea that breast cancer is a quite different disease in male and female patients and the underlying gender-related biological differences are likely to have clinical implications connected with different susceptibility to treatment.
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24
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Xie SM, Fang WY, Liu TF, Yao KT, Zhong XY. Association of ABCC2 and CDDP-Resistance in Two Sublines Resistant to CDDP Derived from a Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Line. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2010; 2010:915046. [PMID: 20628484 PMCID: PMC2902222 DOI: 10.1155/2010/915046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most active drugs to treat nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. To further understand the mechanisms of CDDP-resistance in NPC, two CDDP-resistant sublines (CNE2-CDDP and CNE2-CDDP-5Fu) derived from parental NPC cell line CNE2 were established. It was found that at the IC50 level, the resistance of CNE2-CDDP and CNE2-CDDP-5Fu against CDDP was 2.63-fold and 5.35-fold stronger than that of parental CNE2, respectively. Of the four ABC transporters (ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCC2 and ABCG2) related to MDR, only ABCC2 was found to be elevated both in CDDP-resistant sublines, with ABCC2 located in nucleus of CNE2-CDDP-5Fu but not in CNE2-CDDP and parental CNE2. Further research showed that compared to untreated CNE2, the intracellular levels of CDDP were decreased by 2.03-fold in CNE2-CDDP and 2.78-fold in CNE2-CDDP-5Fu. After treatment with PSC833, a modulator of MDR associated transporters including ABCC2, the intracellular level of CDDP was increased in CDDP-resistant sublines, and the resistance to CDDP was partially reversed from 2.63-fold to 1.62-fold in CNE2-CDDP and from 5.35-fold to 4.62-fold in CNE2-CDDP-5Fu. These data indicate that ABCC2 may play an important role in NPC resistant to CDDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Ming Xie
- Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
- Postdoctoral Station of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510632, China
| | - Wei Yi Fang
- Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Teng Fei Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Kai Tai Yao
- Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Xue Yun Zhong
- Pathology Department, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510632, China
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25
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Abstract
The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) to chemotherapy remains a major challenge in the treatment of cancer. Resistance exists against every effective anticancer drug and can develop by numerous mechanisms including decreased drug uptake, increased drug efflux, activation of detoxifying systems, activation of DNA repair mechanisms, evasion of drug-induced apoptosis, etc. In the first part of this chapter, we briefly summarize the current knowledge on individual cellular mechanisms responsible for MDR, with a special emphasis on ATP-binding cassette transporters, perhaps the main theme of this textbook. Although extensive work has been done to characterize MDR mechanisms in vitro, the translation of this knowledge to the clinic has not been crowned with success. Therefore, identifying genes and mechanisms critical to the development of MDR in vivo and establishing a reliable method for analyzing clinical samples could help to predict the development of resistance and lead to treatments designed to circumvent it. Our thoughts about translational research needed to achieve significant progress in the understanding of this complex phenomenon are therefore discussed in a third section. The pleotropic response of cancer cells to chemotherapy is summarized in a concluding diagram.
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Peluso JJ, Gawkowska A, Liu X, Shioda T, Pru JK. Progesterone receptor membrane component-1 regulates the development and Cisplatin sensitivity of human ovarian tumors in athymic nude mice. Endocrinology 2009; 150:4846-54. [PMID: 19797399 DOI: 10.1210/en.2009-0730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) regulates the development and cisplatin (CDDP)-sensitivity of human ovarian tumors, PGRMC1 was depleted from a human ovarian cancer cell line, dsRed-SKOV-3 cells, using a short hairpin RNA knockdown approach. Compared with parental dsRed-SKOV-3 cells, the PGRMC1-deplete cells grew slower in vitro and did not show progesterone's (P4) antiapoptotic effect. In fact, P4 induced apoptosis in PGRMC1-deplete cells in a dose-dependent manner. When transplanted into the peritoneum of athymic nude mice, parental dsRed-SKOV-3 cells developed numerous tumors, which were classified as either typical or oxyphilic clear cell tumors. CDDP increased the percentage of apoptotic nuclei in typical clear cell tumors and P4 attenuated CDDP-induced apoptosis. In contrast, the percentage of apoptotic nuclei in oxyphilic clear cell tumors was low (< or =1%) and was not significantly affected by CDDP and/or P4. Compared with tumors derived from parental dsRed SKOV-3 cells, PGRMC1-deplete tumors: 1) developed in fewer mice, 2) formed less frequently, 3) appeared smaller, and 4) resulted in fewer oxyphilic clear cell tumors. These PGRMC1-deplete tumors were not responsive to CDDP's apoptotic effects. The failure to respond to CDDP could be due to their poorly developed microvasculature system as judged by percentage of CD31-stained endothelial cells and/or their increased expression of ATP-binding cassette transporters, which are involved in drug resistance. Taken together, these findings indicate that PGRMC1 plays an essential role in the development and CDDP sensitivity of human ovarian tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Peluso
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA.
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27
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Lage H. Therapeutic potential of RNA interference in drug-resistant cancers. Future Oncol 2009; 5:169-85. [PMID: 19284376 DOI: 10.2217/14796694.5.2.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance including multidrug resistance to chemotherapy is a common clinical problem in patients suffering from cancer. Multidrug resistance is often mediated by overexpression of transmembrane xenobiotic transport molecules belonging to the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-transporters. Inhibition of ABC-transporters by low-molecular weight compounds in cancer patients has been extensively investigated in clinical trials, but the results have been disappointing. Thus, alternative experimental therapeutic strategies for overcoming multidrug resistance are under investigation. These include the application of RNA interference (RNAi) technology. Various RNAi strategies were applied to reverse multidrug resistance in different tumor models in vitro and in vivo. Results and conclusions of these RNAi studies as well as their potential impact for the development of potential RNAi therapeutics will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann Lage
- Charité Campus Mitte, Institute of Pathology, Berlin, Germany.
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28
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Drag M, Surowiak P, Drag-Zalesinska M, Dietel M, Lage H, Oleksyszyn J. Comparision of the cytotoxic effects of birch bark extract, betulin and betulinic acid towards human gastric carcinoma and pancreatic carcinoma drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cell lines. Molecules 2009; 14:1639-51. [PMID: 19396022 PMCID: PMC6254329 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14041639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 04/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Betulin and betulinic acid are naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenes showing cytotoxicity towards a number of cancer cell lines. These compounds can be found in the bark of the many plants. In this report we have compared the cytotoxic activity of crude birch bark extract and purified betulin and betulinic acid towards human gastric carcinoma (EPG85-257) and human pancreatic carcinoma (EPP85-181) drug-sensitive and drug-resistant (daunorubicin and mitoxantrone) cell lines. Our results show significant differences in sensitivity between cell lines depending on the compound used, and suggest that both betulin and betulinic acid can be considered as a promising leads in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Drag
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; E-mail: (J.O.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
| | - Pawel Surowiak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University School of Medicine, ul. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-356 Wroclaw, Poland; E-mails: (P.S.), (M.D-Z.)
- Charité Campus Mitte, Institute of Pathology, Chariteplatz. 1 20/21, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; E-mails: (H.L.), (M.D.)
- Lower Silesian Oncology Centre, pl. Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Drag-Zalesinska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University School of Medicine, ul. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-356 Wroclaw, Poland; E-mails: (P.S.), (M.D-Z.)
| | - Manfred Dietel
- Charité Campus Mitte, Institute of Pathology, Chariteplatz. 1 20/21, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; E-mails: (H.L.), (M.D.)
| | - Hermann Lage
- Charité Campus Mitte, Institute of Pathology, Chariteplatz. 1 20/21, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; E-mails: (H.L.), (M.D.)
| | - Józef Oleksyszyn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; E-mail: (J.O.)
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29
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van den Broek GB, Wildeman M, Rasch CRN, Armstrong N, Schuuring E, Begg AC, Looijenga LHJ, Scheper R, van der Wal JE, Menkema L, van Diest PJ, Balm AJM, van Velthuysen MLF, van den Brekel MWM. Molecular markers predict outcome in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck after concomitant cisplatin-based chemoradiation. Int J Cancer 2009; 124:2643-50. [PMID: 19253368 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Not all patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC) benefit from concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiation, but reliable predictive markers for outcome after chemoradiation are scarce. We have investigated potential prognostic biomarkers for outcome in a large group of patients. Ninety-one tumor biopsies taken from consecutive HNSCC patients were evaluated for protein expression on a tissue microarray. Using immunohistochemistry, 18 biomarkers, involved in various cellular pathways were investigated. Univariable and multivariable proportional hazard analyses were performed to investigate associations between each individual marker and outcome. In addition, the global test was used to test all variables simultaneously and selected combinations of markers for an overall association with local control. Univariable analysis showed statistically significant increased relative risks of RB, P16 and MRP2 for local control and MDR1 and HIF-1alpha for overall survival. MRP2, MDR1 and P16 levels were positively associated with outcome whereas RB and HIF-1alpha had a negative relationship. Using Goeman's global testing no combination of markers was identified that was associated with local control. Grouping the markers according to their function revealed an association between a combination of 3 markers (P16, P21 and P27) and outcome (p = 0.05) was found. In the multivariable analysis, MRP2 and RB remained significant independent predictive markers for local control. This study describes the prognostic value of biomarkers for the outcome in patients uniformly treated with concurrent chemoradiation. MRP2 and RB were found to be associated with outcome in patients treated with concurrent chemoradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido B van den Broek
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Identification of the efflux transporter of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin in murine macrophages: studies with ciprofloxacin-resistant cells. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009; 53:2410-6. [PMID: 19307362 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01428-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin, the most widely used totally synthetic antibiotic, is subject to active efflux mediated by a MRP-like transporter in wild-type murine J774 macrophages. To identify the transporter among the seven potential Mrps, we used cells made resistant to ciprofloxacin obtained by long-term exposure to increasing drug concentrations (these cells show less ciprofloxacin accumulation and provide a protected niche for ciprofloxacin-sensitive intracellular Listeria monocytogenes). In the present paper, we first show that ciprofloxacin-resistant cells display a faster efflux of ciprofloxacin which is inhibited by gemfibrozil (an unspecific MRP inhibitor). Elacridar, at a concentration known to inhibit P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), only slightly increased ciprofloxacin accumulation, with no difference between resistant and wild-type cells. Analysis at the mRNA (real-time PCR) and protein (Western blotting) levels revealed an overexpression of Mrp2 and Mrp4. Mrp4 transcripts, however, were overwhelmingly predominant (45% [wild-type cells] to 95% [ciprofloxacin-resistant cells] of all Mrp transcripts tested [Mrp1 to Mrp7]). Silencing of Mrp2 and Mrp4 with specific small interfering RNAs showed that only Mrp4 is involved in ciprofloxacin transport in both ciprofloxacin-resistant and wild-type cells. The study therefore identifies Mrp4 as the most likely transporter of ciprofloxacin in murine macrophages but leaves open a possible common upregulation mechanism for both Mrp4 and Mrp2 upon chronic exposure of eukaryotic cells to this widely used antibiotic.
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Elliott AM, Al-Hajj MA. ABCB8 mediates doxorubicin resistance in melanoma cells by protecting the mitochondrial genome. Mol Cancer Res 2009; 7:79-87. [PMID: 19147539 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-08-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite their initial effectiveness in the treatment of melanoma, chemotherapeutic agents are ultimately futile against this most aggressive form of skin cancer, and patients inevitably succumb to the disease. One of the mechanisms by which residual melanoma cells become chemoresistant is via the decreased efficiency of chemotherapeutics through the action of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins that are variably expressed by the tumor cells. The clinical relevance of the ABC transporters in the context of cancer is paramount. Inhibitors of these transporters have been shown to increase the efficacy of standard therapy in experimental systems. Their clinical application requires better understanding of the role individual transporters play in the mechanism and the development of more specific inhibitors with minimal off target effects. ABC transporters in tumor cells have been shown to confer multidrug resistance in many solid tumors. However, their role in melanomas is far from clear. Here, we prospectively identify ABCB8 as a specific and major player in the chemoresistance of several melanoma cell lines. ABCB8 knockdown with shRNA reduced doxorubicin resistance approximately 3- to 4-fold in these cells. Furthermore, we show that this reversal is specific to doxorubicin and not to other commonly used chemotherapeutics. Our results also provide evidence that ABCB8 conferred resistance through the protection of mitochondrial DNA from doxorubicin-induced DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Elliott
- MedImmune (AstraZeneca Biologics Unit), One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
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Xie SM, Fang WY, Liu Z, Wang SX, Li X, Liu TF, Xie WB, Yao KT. Lentivirus-mediated RNAi silencing targeting ABCC2 increasing the sensitivity of a human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line against cisplatin. J Transl Med 2008; 6:55. [PMID: 18834541 PMCID: PMC2572589 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-6-55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Accepted: 10/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High resistance to drug is taken as a characteristic of human tumors, which is usually mediated by multidrug resistance-associated genes. ABCC2, an ATP-binding cassette multidrug resistance transporter, is found to be expressed in a variety of human cancers. In this study the effect of a RNAi construct targeting ABCC2 on the chemosensitivity of NPC cell line CNE2 against cisplatin was investigated. Methods Lentiviral vectors were constructed to allow an efficient expression of anti-ABCC2 siRNA. The effective target sequence comprised nucleotides 1707–1727 of the human ABCC2 mRNA. The cell clones expressing the construct were picked and expanded, followed by identification using qRT-PCR and western blot method. As control, lentiviral vector containing invalid RNAi sequence was transfected to CNE2 cells. In vitro, cellular accumulation of cisplatin was detected by HPLC. The capacity of cellular growth and sensitivity of cells against cisplatin were detected by MTT assay. In vivo, the sensitivity of the tumor tissues against cisplatin were evaluated by transplanted CNE2 nude mice model. Results Two CNE2 cell clones with reduced expression of targeted ABCC2 mRNA and protein for more than 70% by qRT-PCR and western blot were established, and no differences were shown in proliferation rates compared to control CNE2 cells by growth curves analysis. In vitro the accumulation of intracellular cisplatin in these CNE2 cell clones with reduced expression of ABCC2 increased markedly, accompanied by increased sensitivity against cisplatin. In vivo, the growth of CNE2 solid tumors with a stably transfected anti-ABCC2 siRNA construct was significantly inhibited by cisplatin in transplanted nude mice model. Conclusion Our investigation demonstrated that lentivirus-mediated RNAi silencing targeting ABCC2 might reverse the ABCC2-related drug resistance of NPC cell line CNE2 against cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Ming Xie
- Cancer Research Institute, Key Lab for Transcriptomics and Proteomics of Human Fatal Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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Aleksunes LM, Augustine LM, Scheffer GL, Cherrington NJ, Manautou JE. Renal xenobiotic transporters are differentially expressed in mice following cisplatin treatment. Toxicology 2008; 250:82-8. [PMID: 18640236 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2008.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2008] [Revised: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to identify alterations in mRNA and protein expression of various xenobiotic transport proteins in mouse kidney during cisplatin-induced acute renal failure. For this purpose, male C57BL/6J mice received a single dose of cisplatin (18 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle. Four days later, tissues were collected for assessment of plasma BUN, histopathological analysis of renal lesions, and mRNA and Western blot analysis of renal transporters including organic anion and cation transporters (Oat, Oct), organic anion transporting polypeptides (Oatp), multidrug resistance-associated proteins (Mrp), multidrug resistance proteins (Mdr), breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp) and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins (Mate). Cisplatin treatment caused necrosis of renal proximal tubules along with elevated plasma BUN and renal kidney injury molecule-1 mRNA expression. Cisplatin-induced renal injury increased mRNA and protein levels of the efflux transporters Mrp2, Mrp4, Mrp5, Mdr1a and Mdr1b. Uptake transporters Oatp2a1 and Oatp2b1 mRNA were also up-regulated following cisplatin. By contrast, expression of Oat1, Oat2, Oct2 and Oatp1a1 mRNA was reduced in cisplatin-treated mice. Expression of several uptake and efflux transporters was unchanged in cisplatin-treated mice. Apical staining of Mrp2 and Mrp4 proteins was enhanced in proximal tubules from cisplatin-treated mice. Collectively, these expression patterns suggest coordinated regulation of uptake and efflux pathways during cisplatin-induced renal injury. Reduced expression of basolateral and apical uptake transporters along with enhanced transcription of export transporters likely represents an adaptation to lower intracellular accumulation of chemicals, prevent their reabsorption and enhance urinary clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Aleksunes
- University of Connecticut, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 69 North Eagleville Road, U-3092 Storrs, CT 06269-3092, United States.
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Wright MH, Calcagno AM, Salcido CD, Carlson MD, Ambudkar SV, Varticovski L. Brca1 breast tumors contain distinct CD44+/CD24- and CD133+ cells with cancer stem cell characteristics. Breast Cancer Res 2008; 10:R10. [PMID: 18241344 PMCID: PMC2374965 DOI: 10.1186/bcr1855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2007] [Revised: 01/07/2008] [Accepted: 02/01/2008] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Whether cancer stem cells occur in BRCA1-associated breast cancer and contribute to therapeutic response is not known. METHODS We generated and characterized 16 cell lines from five distinct Brca1deficient mouse mammary tumors with respect to their cancer stem cell characteristics. RESULTS All cell lines derived from one tumor included increased numbers of CD44+/CD24- cells, which were previously identified as human breast cancer stem cells. All cell lines derived from another mammary tumor exhibited low levels of CD44+/CD24- cells, but they harbored 2% to 5.9% CD133+ cells, which were previously associated with cancer stem cells in other human and murine tumors. When plated in the absence of attachment without presorting, only those cell lines that were enriched in either stem cell marker formed spheroids, which were further enriched in cells expressing the respective cancer stem cell marker. In contrast, cells sorted for CD44+/CD24- or CD133+ markers lost their stem cell phenotype when cultured in monolayers. As few as 50 to 100 CD44+/CD24- or CD133+ sorted cells rapidly formed tumors in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice, whereas 50-fold to 100-fold higher numbers of parental or stem cell depleted cells were required to form few, slow-growing tumors. Expression of stem cell associated genes, including Oct4, Notch1, Aldh1, Fgfr1, and Sox1, was increased in CD44+/CD24- and CD133+ cells. In addition, cells sorted for cancer stem cell markers and spheroid-forming cells were significantly more resistant to DNA-damaging drugs than were parental or stem cell depleted populations, and they were sensitized to the drugs by the heat shock protein-90 inhibitor 17-DMAG (17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin hydrochloride). CONCLUSION Brca1-deficient mouse mammary tumors harbor heterogeneous cancer stem cell populations, and CD44+/CD24- cells represent a population that correlates with human breast cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mollie H Wright
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Anna Maria Calcagno
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Crystal D Salcido
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Marisa D Carlson
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Suresh V Ambudkar
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Lyuba Varticovski
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Stein U, Walther W, Stege A, Kaszubiak A, Fichtner I, Lage H. Complete In Vivo Reversal of the Multidrug Resistance Phenotype by Jet-injection of Anti-MDR1 Short Hairpin RNA-encoding Plasmid DNA. Mol Ther 2008; 16:178-86. [PMID: 17878902 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mt.6300304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Triggering the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway by inducing the expression of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules has become a promising tool for efficient silencing of a given gene in gene therapy applications. In this study, shRNA encoding DNA was utilized to reverse the classical MDR1/P-glycoprotein (MDR1/P-gp)-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype in vivo. For the first time, the nonviral jet-injection technology was applied for delivering naked shRNA-vector constructs for direct intratumoral in vivo transfer. The highly efficient anti-MDR1 shRNA expression vectors were applied twice in the human MDR1/P-gp overexpressing MaTu/ADR cancer xenograft-bearing mice, and twice in the corresponding drug-sensitive parental MaTu tumor xenograft bearing mice as well. Two days after anti-MDR1 shRNA vector injection, the expression level of the MDR1 messenger RNA (mRNA) was decreased by more than 90% and the corresponding MDR1/P-gp protein was no longer detectable in the tumors. Two jet-injections of anti-MDR1 shRNA vectors into the tumors, combined with two intravenous (IV) administrations of doxorubicin, were sufficient to achieve complete reversal of the drug-resistant phenotype. The data show that jet-injection delivery of shRNA-expressing vectors is effective in reversing MDR1/P-gp-mediated MDR in vivo, and is therefore a promising strategy for making tumors with an MDR1/Pgp-dependent MDR phenotype revert to a drug-sensitive state.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/biosynthesis
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- Animals
- DNA, Neoplasm/administration & dosage
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Multiple/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Injections, Intralesional
- Injections, Jet
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Phenotype
- Plasmids/administration & dosage
- RNA, Messenger/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Neoplasm/administration & dosage
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Stein
- 1Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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Stordal B, Pavlakis N, Davey R. A systematic review of platinum and taxane resistance from bench to clinic: An inverse relationship. Cancer Treat Rev 2007; 33:688-703. [PMID: 17881133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2007.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2007] [Revised: 07/19/2007] [Accepted: 07/21/2007] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We undertook a systematic review of the pre-clinical and clinical literature for studies investigating the relationship between platinum and taxane resistance. Medline was searched for (1) cell models of acquired drug resistance reporting platinum and taxane sensitivities and (2) clinical trials of platinum or taxane salvage therapy in ovarian cancer. One hundred and thirty-seven models of acquired drug resistance were identified. 68.1% of cisplatin-resistant cells were sensitive to paclitaxel and 66.7% of paclitaxel-resistant cells were sensitive to cisplatin. A similar inverse pattern was observed for cisplatin vs. docetaxel, carboplatin vs. paclitaxel and carboplatin vs. docetaxel. These associations were independent of cancer type, agents used to develop resistance and reported mechanisms of resistance. Sixty-five eligible clinical trials of paclitaxel-based salvage after platinum therapy were identified. Studies of single agent paclitaxel in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer where patients had previously recieved paclitaxel had a pooled response rate of 35.3%, n=232, compared to 22% in paclitaxel naïve patients n=1918 (p<0.01, Chi-squared). Suggesting that pre-treatment with paclitaxel may improve the response of salvage paclitaxel therapy. The response rate to paclitaxel/platinum combination regimens in platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer was 79.5%, n=88 compared to 49.4%, n=85 for paclitaxel combined with other agents (p<0.001, Chi-squared), suggesting a positive interaction between taxanes and platinum. Therefore, the inverse relationship between platinum and taxanes resistance seen in cell models is mirrored in the clinical response to these agents in ovarian cancer. An understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible would be valuable in predicting response to salvage chemotherapy and may identify new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Stordal
- Bill Walsh Cancer Research Laboratories, Royal North Shore Hospital and The University of Sydney, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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Surowiak P, Materna V, Kaplenko I, Spaczynski M, Dolinska-Krajewska B, Gebarowska E, Dietel M, Zabel M, Lage H. ABCC2 (MRP2, cMOAT) can be localized in the nuclear membrane of ovarian carcinomas and correlates with resistance to cisplatin and clinical outcome. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 12:7149-58. [PMID: 17145840 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cisplatin resistance is a major obstacle in the treatment of ovarian carcinoma. ABCC2 is commonly localized in apical cell membranes and could confer cisplatin resistance. Here, we show that ABCC2 can be localized in the cytoplasmic membrane as well as in the nuclear membrane of various human tissues including ovarian carcinoma cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN For the subcellular detection of ABCC2, immunohistochemistry was done using 41 Federation Internationale des Gynaecologistes et Obstetristes stage III ovarian carcinoma specimens prepared before treatment with cisplatin-based schemes and 35 specimens from the same group after chemotherapy. Furthermore, 11 ovarian carcinoma cell lines as well as tissue microarrays consisting of various human tissues were analyzed. RESULTS Nuclear membranous localization of ABCC2 was associated with response to first-line chemotherapy at primary (P = 0.0013) and secondary surgery (P = 0.0060). Cases with relapse showed higher nuclear membrane expression at primary (P = 0.0003) and secondary surgery (P = 0.0024). Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that weak nuclear membrane ABCC2 expression before treatment was associated with significantly longer overall (P = 0.04) and progression-free survival (P = 0.001); following chemotherapy, it correlated with significantly longer progression-free survival (P = 0.038). Tissue microarrays confirmed nuclear membranous localization of ABCC2, in particular, in poorly differentiated cells. In ovarian carcinoma cells, it correlated with resistance against cisplatin, whereas localization in the cytoplasmic membrane did not. CONCLUSIONS ABCC2 confers resistance to cisplatin of ovarian carcinoma in cell culture systems and in clinics when expressed in the nuclear membrane. Thus, ABCC2 localization can predict platinum therapy outcome. Furthermore, expression of ABCC2 in nuclear membranes in human tissues is specific for poorly differentiated cells including stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Surowiak
- Charité Campus Mitte, Institute of Pathology, Berlin, Germany
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Kaszubiak A, Kupstat A, Müller U, Hausmann R, Holm PS, Lage H. Regulation of MDR1 gene expression in multidrug-resistant cancer cells is independent from YB-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 357:295-301. [PMID: 17418094 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.03.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2007] [Accepted: 03/22/2007] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The MDR1 gene encoded transmembrane ABC-transporter MDR1/P-glycoprotein can mediate the phenotype of multidrug resistance (MDR), a major obstacle in the clinical management of cancer patients. It was hypothesized that YB-1 is a fundamental regulatory factor of the MDR1 gene in tumor cells and can therewith enhance drug resistance. To analyze the potential impact of YB-1 in MDR cancer cells, two specific anti-YB-1 small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were designed for transient triggering the gene-silencing RNA interference (RNAi) pathway in the MDR cell lines EPG85-257RDB and EPP85-181RDB as well as in their drug-sensitive counterparts EPG85-257P and EPP85-181P. Since both siRNAs showed biological activity, for stable inhibition of YB-1 corresponding tetracycline-inducible short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-encoding expression vectors were designed. By treatment of the cancer cells with these constructs, the expression of the targeted YB-1 encoding mRNA and protein was completely inhibited following tetracycline exposure. These gene-silencing effects were not accompanied by modulation of the MDR1 expression or by reversal of the drug-resistant phenotype. In conclusion, the data demonstrate the utility of the analyzed RNAs as powerful laboratory tools and indicate that YB-1 is not involved in the regulation of the MDR1 gene or the development of the drug-resistant phenotype in MDR cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kaszubiak
- Charité Campus Mitte, Institute of Pathology, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
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