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Kim NH, Sadra A, Park HY, Oh SM, Chun J, Yoon JK, Huh SO. HeLa E-Box Binding Protein, HEB, Inhibits Promoter Activity of the Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor Gene Lpar1 in Neocortical Neuroblast Cells. Mol Cells 2019; 42:123-134. [PMID: 30622227 PMCID: PMC6399008 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an endogenous lysophospholipid with signaling properties outside of the cell and it signals through specific G protein-coupled receptors, known as LPA1-6. For one of its receptors, LPA1 (gene name Lpar1), details on the cis-acting elements for transcriptional control have not been defined. Using 5'RACE analysis, we report the identification of an alternative transcription start site of mouse Lpar1 and characterize approximately 3,500 bp of non-coding flanking sequence 5' of mouse Lpar1 gene for promoter activity. Transient transfection of cells derived from mouse neocortical neuroblasts with constructs from the 5' regions of mouse Lpar1 gene revealed the region between -248 to +225 serving as the basal promoter for Lpar1. This region also lacks a TATA box. For the region between -761 to -248, a negative regulatory element affected the basal expression of Lpar1. This region has three E-box sequences and mutagenesis of these E-boxes, followed by transient expression, demonstrated that two of the E-boxes act as negative modulators of Lpar1. One of these E-box sequences bound the HeLa E-box binding protein (HEB), and modulation of HEB levels in the transfected cells regulated the transcription of the reporter gene. Based on our data, we propose that HEB may be required for a proper regulation of Lpar1 expression in the embryonic neocortical neuroblast cells and to affect its function in both normal brain development and disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Ho Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252,
Korea
| | - Ali Sadra
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252,
Korea
| | - Hee-Young Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252,
Korea
| | - Sung-Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252,
Korea
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, CA 92037,
USA
| | - Jeong Kyo Yoon
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538,
Korea
| | - Sung-Oh Huh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252,
Korea
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2
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Yoshikawa K, Tanabe E, Shibata A, Inoue S, Kitayoshi M, Okimoto S, Fukushima N, Tsujiuchi T. Involvement of oncogenic K-ras on cell migration stimulated by lysophosphatidic acid receptor-2 in pancreatic cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2012; 319:105-12. [PMID: 23041208 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) mediates a variety of cellular responses with atleast six G protein-coupled transmembrane receptors (LPA receptor-1 (LPA(1)-LPA(6))). The interaction between LPA receptors and other cellular molecules on the biological function is not fully understood. Recently, we have reported that LPA(1) suppressed and LPA(3) stimulated cell migration of pancreatic cancer cells. In the present study, to evaluate the function of LPA(2) on motile and invasive activities of pancreatic cancer cells, we generated Lpar2 knockdown (HPD-sh2) cells from hamster pancreatic cancer cells and measured their cell migration ability. In cell motility and invasive assays with an uncoated Cell Culture Insert, HPD-sh2 cells showed significantly lower intrinsic activity than control (HPD-GFP) cells. Since K-ras mutations were frequently detected in pancreatic cancer, we next investigated whether oncogenic K-ras is involved in cell migration induced by LPA(2) using K-ras knockdown (HPD-K2) cells. The cell motile ability of HPD-K2 cells was significantly lower than that of control cells. To confirm LPA(2) increases cell migration activity, cells were pretreated with dioctylglycerol pyrophosphate (DGPP) which is the antagonist of LPA(1)/LPA(3). The cell motile and invasive abilities of DGPP -treated HPD-GFP cells were markedly higher than those of untreated cells, but DGPP did not stimulate cell migration of HPD-K2 cells. These results suggest that cell migration activity of pancreatic cancer cells stimulated by LPA(2) may be enhanced by oncogenic K-ras.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Yoshikawa
- Division of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
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3
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Fukui R, Tanabe E, Kitayoshi M, Yoshikawa K, Fukushima N, Tsujiuchi T. Negative regulation of cell motile and invasive activities by lysophosphatidic acid receptor-3 in colon cancer HCT116 cells. Tumour Biol 2012; 33:1899-905. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-012-0450-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Kitayoshi M, Fukui R, Tanabe E, Kato K, Yoshikawa K, Fukushima N, Tsujiuchi T. Different effects on cell proliferation and migration abilities of endothelial cells by LPA1and LPA3in mammary tumor FM3A cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2012; 32:209-13. [DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2012.692121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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5
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Opposite roles of LPA1 and LPA3 on cell motile and invasive activities of pancreatic cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2012; 33:1739-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-012-0433-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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6
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Kitayoshi M, Kato K, Tanabe E, Yoshikawa K, Fukui R, Fukushima N, Tsujiuchi T. Enhancement of endothelial cell migration by constitutively active LPA1-expressing tumor cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 422:339-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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7
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Differential function of lysophosphatidic acid receptors in cell proliferation and migration of neuroblastoma cells. Cancer Lett 2012; 316:91-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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8
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Kato K, Fukui R, Okabe K, Tanabe E, Kitayoshi M, Fukushima N, Tsujiuchi T. Constitutively active lysophosphatidic acid receptor-1 enhances the induction of matrix metalloproteinase-2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 417:790-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Tsujiuchi T, Okabe K, Fukushima N. Genetic and epigenetic alterations of lysophosphatidic Acid receptor genes in rodent tumors by experimental models. J Toxicol Pathol 2011; 24:143-8. [PMID: 22272054 PMCID: PMC3234590 DOI: 10.1293/tox.24.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive mediator and induces several biological effects, including cell proliferation, migration, morphogenesis and differentiation. LPA interacts with at least six G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including LPA receptor-1 (LPA(1)), LPA(2), LPA(3), LPA(4), LPA(5) and LPA(6). These receptors show different biological functions through the binding of LPA, depending on the type of cells. In human malignancies, a high level of LPA production was found in plasma and ascites in ovarian cancer cases. Moreover, aberrant expression levels of LPA receptor genes were detected in some cancer cells. Therefore, it is suggested that LPA receptors may be involved in the pathogenesis of tumor cells as well as LPA per se. Recently, we have reported that alterations of LPA receptor genes also occur in rodent tumors. In this review, we summarize the recent evidence in the investigations of LPA receptor alterations in rodent tumors by experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Tsujiuchi
- Division of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics,
Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki
University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kyoko Okabe
- Division of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics,
Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki
University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Fukushima
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of
Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3-4-1
Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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Okabe K, Hayashi M, Yamawaki Y, Teranishi M, Honoki K, Mori T, Fukushima N, Tsujiuchi T. Possible involvement of lysophosphatidic acid receptor-5 gene in the acquisition of growth advantage of rat tumor cells. Mol Carcinog 2011; 50:635-42. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.20750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 12/31/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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11
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Distinct DNA methylation patterns of lysophosphatidic acid receptor genes during rat hepatocarcinogenesis induced by a choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined diet. Arch Toxicol 2011; 85:1303-10. [PMID: 21290119 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-011-0656-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Altered expressions of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor genes have been reported in tumor cells of human and rats. Recently, we detected the frequent mutations of LPA receptor-1 (LPA1) gene in rat hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) induced by a choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet. In this study, the DNA methylation patterns of LPA receptor genes and their expression levels during rat hepatocarcinogenesis induced by the CDAA diet were investigated. Six-week-old F344 male rats were continuously fed with the CDAA diet, and animals were then killed at 7 days and 2, 12, 20, and 75 weeks, respectively. Genomic DNAs were extracted from livers and HCCs for the assessment of methylation status by bisulfite sequencing, comparing to normal livers. The livers of rats fed the CDAA diet were unmethylated in LPA1 and LPA2 genes as well as normal livers. In LPA3 gene, although normal livers were unmethylated, the livers at 7 days and 2 and 12 weeks weakly or moderately methylated and those at 20 weeks markedly methylated. Moreover, 4 HCCs were completely methylated in LPA3 gene. Expression levels of LPA receptor genes in the livers of rats fed the CDAA diet and HCCs were correlating with DNA methylation status. These results indicate that DNA methylation status of the LPA3 gene was disturbed in the livers of rats fed the CDAA diet and established HCCs, suggesting that alterations of the LPA receptor genes might be involved during rat hepatocarcinogenesis induced by the CDAA diet.
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12
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Shin JE, Park SH, Jang YK. Epigenetic up-regulation of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) gene during the progression to breast cancer. Mol Cells 2011; 31:181-9. [PMID: 21191816 PMCID: PMC3932684 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-011-0020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The interleukin 6 family of cytokines including leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) regulates the progression of several types of cancer. However, although LIF overexpression during breast cancer progression was observed in our previous report, the molecular mechanisms responsible for this deregulation remain largely unknown. Here we show that LIF expression is epigenetically up-regulated via DNA demethylation and changes in histone methylation status within its promoter region in the isogenic MCF10 model. Bisulfite sequencing revealed the CpG pairs within the promoter region are hypermethylated in normal breast epithelial cells, but extensively demethylated as breast cancer progresses. In agreement with the DNA methylation pattern, our chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that inactive epigenetic marks such as MeCP2 occupancy and histone H3-Lys9-dimethylation significantly decreased during the progression to breast cancer but an active histone mark was increased in an inverse manner. Also, the occupancy of the transcription factor Sp1, which has higher affinity for hypomethylated CpGs, increased. RNAi-mediated knockdown of LIF expression resulted in a significant reduction of cell growth and colony formation in breast cancer cells, suggesting the potential role of LIF-LIF receptor axis in autocrine stimulation of cancer cells. Collectively, our data suggest that the epigenetic up-regulation of the LIF gene likely play an important role in the development of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Shin
- Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
- Yonsei Biomolecule Research Initiative, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Su Hyung Park
- Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
- Yonsei Biomolecule Research Initiative, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Yeun Kyu Jang
- Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
- Yonsei Biomolecule Research Initiative, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Okabe K, Hayashi M, Wakabayashi N, Yamawaki Y, Teranishi M, Fukushima N, Tsujiuchi T. Different expressions and DNA methylation patterns of lysophosphatidic acid receptor genes in mouse tumor cells. Pathobiology 2011; 77:309-14. [PMID: 21266829 DOI: 10.1159/000321898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptors act as several biological effectors through LPA, which is a bioactive phospholipid. Recently, aberrant expressions of LPA receptor genes due to DNA methylation have been detected in several tumor cells. In this study, we measured expression levels and DNA methylation status of LPA receptor genes in mouse tumor cells, LL/2 lung carcinoma, B16F0 melanoma, FM3A mammary carcinoma and L1210 leukemia cells, compared with normal tissues. METHODS Total RNAs were extracted and RT-PCR analysis was performed. For DNA methylation status, bisulfite sequencing analysis was carried out, comparing outcomes with other tumor cells and normal tissues. RESULTS The expressions of LPA1 gene were shown in LL/2, but not in B16F0, FM3A and L1210 cells. While the LPA2 gene was expressed in all 4 tumor cells, the LPA3 gene was unexpressed in them. The LPA1 and LPA3 unexpressed cells were highly methylated, although normal tissues were all unmethylated. The DNA methylation status was correlated with gene expression levels in cancer cells. CONCLUSION The present results demonstrate that DNA methylation patterns of LPA receptor genes are dependent on cancer cell types, suggesting that LPA receptors may be new molecular targets for therapeutic approaches and chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Okabe
- Divisions of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kinki University, Higashiosaka, Japan
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14
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Hayashi M, Okabe K, Yamawaki Y, Teranishi M, Honoki K, Mori T, Fukushima N, Tsujiuchi T. Loss of lysophosphatidic acid receptor-3 enhances cell migration in rat lung tumor cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 405:450-4. [PMID: 21255556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) indicates several biological effects, such as cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. LPA interacts with G protein-coupled transmembrane LPA receptors. In our previous report, we detected that loss of the LPA receptor-1 (Lpar1) expression is due to its aberrant DNA methylation in rat tumor cell lines. In this study, to assess an involvement of the other LPA receptor, Lpar3, in the pathogenesis of rat lung tumor cells, we measured the expression levels of the Lpar3 gene and its DNA methylation status by reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bisulfite sequencing analyses, respectively. RLCNR lung adenocarcinoma cells showed reduced expression of the Lpar3, compared with normal lung tissues. In the 5' upstream region of the Lpar3, normal lung tissues were unmethylated. By contrast, RLCNR cells were highly methylated, correlating with reduced expressions of the Lpar3. Based on these results, we generated the Lpar3-expressing RLCNR-a3 cells and measured the cell migration ability. Interestingly, the cell migration of RLCNR-a3 cells was significantly lower than that of RLCNR cells. This study suggests that loss of the Lpar3 due to aberrant DNA methylation may be involved in the progression of rat lung tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Hayashi
- Division of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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15
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Differential expressions and DNA methylation patterns of lysophosphatidic acid receptor genes in human colon cancer cells. Virchows Arch 2010; 457:669-76. [PMID: 20890765 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-010-0960-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/31/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), which is a bioactive phospholipid, interacts with specific G protein-coupled transmembrane receptors. Recently, alterations of LPA receptor genes have been reported in some tumor cells. In this study, we examined the expression profiles and DNA methylation status of LPA receptor 1-5 (LPA1-5) genes in human colon cancer cells and also looked for the mutations. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bisulfite sequencing analyses were carried out. While LPA1, LPA2, and LPA4 genes were expressed in DLD1, SW480, HCT116, CaCo-2, SW48, and LoVo cells, the expressions of LPA3 and LPA5 genes were various. These expression levels were correlated with DNA methylation status in the 5' upstream regions of the LPA receptor genes. Mutation analysis was also performed using a PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism method. Although no mutations in LPA1, LPA3 and LPA5 genes were found in all types of cells, LPA2 mutations in DLD1 and SW48 cells, and LPA4 mutation were found in DLD1 cells. On the basis of the present results, we demonstrate that these colon cancer cells will be available to understanding the molecular pathway through LPA receptors in the development of tumor cells, and that LPA receptors may be new molecular targets for therapeutic approaches and chemoprevention.
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Wakabayashi N, Tsujino M, Tajiri M, Taki M, Koshino A, Ikeda H, Fukushima N, Tsujiuchi T. No Mutations of Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor Genes in Lung Adenocarcinomas Induced by N-Nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine in Rats. J Toxicol Pathol 2010; 23:63-6. [PMID: 22272013 PMCID: PMC3234649 DOI: 10.1293/tox.23.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid that stimulates cell
proliferation and migration, and protects cells from apoptosis. It interacts
with specific G protein-coupled transmembrane receptors. Recently, frequent
mutations of the LPA receptor-1 (LPA1) gene were detected in rat lung
adenocarcinomas induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (BHP). In this
study, to evaluate the involvement of other LPA receptor gene alterations during
lung carcinogenesis, we investigated mutations of the LPA2, LPA3, LPA4 and LPA5
genes in lung adenocarcinomas induced by BHP in rats. Fifteen male Wistar rats,
6 weeks of age, were given 2000 ppm BHP in their drinking water for 12 weeks and
then maintained without further treatment until sacrifice at 25 weeks, and 15
adenocarcinomas were obtained. Genomic DNAs were extracted from frozen tissues,
and the LPA2, LPA3, LPA4 and LPA5 genes were examined for mutations, using
polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP)
analysis. No mutations of LPA2, LPA3, LPA4 and LPA5 were detected in the 15
adenocarcinomas. These results suggest that alterations due to LPA2, LPA3, LPA4
and LPA5 gene mutations might not be involved in the development of lung
adenocarcinomas induced by BHP in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Wakabayashi
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of
Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1
Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Megumu Tsujino
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of
Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1
Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Masaki Tajiri
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of
Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1
Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Midori Taki
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of
Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1
Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Ayumi Koshino
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of
Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1
Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroko Ikeda
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of
Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1
Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Fukushima
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Life
Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1 Kowakae,
Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tsujiuchi
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of
Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1
Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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Tsujiuchi T, Furukawa M, Obo Y, Yamasaki A, Hotta M, Kusunoki C, Suyama N, Mori T, Honoki K, Fukushima N. Infrequent mutation of lysophosphatidic Acid receptor-1 gene in hamster pancreatic duct adenocarcinomas and established cell lines. J Toxicol Pathol 2009; 22:89-92. [PMID: 22271981 PMCID: PMC3246023 DOI: 10.1293/tox.22.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2008] [Accepted: 12/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the involvement of lysophosphatidic acid receptor-1 (LPA1) gene alteration in pancreatic carcinogenesis, we investigated mutations in the LPA1 gene in hamster pancreatic duct adenocarcinomas (PDAs) and established cell lines. Female Syrian golden hamsters received 30 mg/kg of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP) followed by repeated exposure to an augmentation pressure regimen consisting of a choline-deficient diet combined with DL-ethionine and then L-methionine and a further administration of 20 mg/kg BOP. A total of 10 PDAs obtained 10 weeks after beginning the experiment and three cell lines established from subcutaneously transplantable PDAs in syngeneic hamsters were examined for mutations using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (RT-PCR-SSCP) analysis. A mutation was detected in only one PDA (1/10, 10%) in the form of a GGA to GTA (Gly to Val) transversion at codon 355, and no mutations were detected in the three cell lines. These results suggest that the LPA1 gene mutation may play roles in a limited fraction of BOP-induced pancreatic duct carcinogenesis in hamsters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Tsujiuchi
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Mami Furukawa
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yumi Obo
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Ayako Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Mayuko Hotta
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Chie Kusunoki
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Naoko Suyama
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3–4–1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Toshio Mori
- RI Center, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Fukushima
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kinki University, 3–4–1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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Yamada T, Obo Y, Furukawa M, Hotta M, Yamasaki A, Honoki K, Fukushima N, Tsujiuchi T. Mutations of lysophosphatidic acid receptor-1 gene during progression of lung tumors in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 378:424-7. [PMID: 19026987 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Accepted: 11/11/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid that stimulates cell proliferation, migration, and protects cells from apoptosis. It interacts with specific G protein-coupled transmembrane receptors. In this study, mutations of lysophosphatidic acid receptor-1 (LPA1) gene were investigated to clarify the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the development of lung tumors induced by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (BHP) in rats. Male Wistar rats, 6 weeks of age, were given 2000ppm BHP in their drinking water for 12 weeks and then maintained without further treatment until sacrifice at 25 weeks. Genomic DNAs were extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues and exons 2-4 were examined for mutations, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. No LPA1 mutations were detected in 15 hyperplasias, but 2 out of 12 adenomas (16.7%) and 7 out of 17 adenocarcinomas (41.2%). These results suggest that mutations of LPA1 gene may be involved in the acquisition of growth advantage from adenomas to adenocarcinomas in lung carcinogenesis induced in rats by BHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Yamada
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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Obo Y, Yamada T, Furukawa M, Hotta M, Honoki K, Fukushima N, Tsujiuchi T. Frequent mutations of lysophosphatidic acid receptor-1 gene in rat liver tumors. Mutat Res 2008; 660:47-50. [PMID: 19000703 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2008.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2008] [Revised: 10/04/2008] [Accepted: 10/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid that stimulates cell proliferation, migration, and protects cells from apoptosis. It interacts with specific G protein-coupled transmembrane receptors, including LPA1 to LPA5. In the present study, to clarify an involvement of LPA1 gene alterations in the development of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) we investigated the LPA1 mutations in rat HCCs induced by exogenous and endogenous liver carcinogenesis models. We induced HCCs in rats with N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) and a choline-deficient l-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet. RNAs were extracted from 15 HCCs induced by DEN and 12 HCCs induced by the CDAA diet. To identify LPA1 mutations, reverse transcription (RT) - polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, followed by nucleotide sequencing, was performed. Missense mutations were detected in 7 out of 15 HCCs (46.7%) induced by DEN. Five out of 12 HCCs (41.7%) induced by the CDAA diet also showed missense mutations. These results demonstrated that mutations in LPA1 gene occur in rat HCCs induced by DEN and the CDAA diet, suggesting that LPA1 mutations may be essentially involved in rat liver carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Obo
- Department of Life Science, Kinki University, 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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Murph M, Nguyen G, Radhakrishna H, Mills GB. Sharpening the edges of understanding the structure/function of the LPA1 receptor: expression in cancer and mechanisms of regulation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2008; 1781:547-57. [PMID: 18501205 PMCID: PMC2565514 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2008.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2008] [Revised: 04/11/2008] [Accepted: 04/19/2008] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Since the molecular cloning of the vzg-1/Edg-2/LPA1 gene, studies have attempted to characterize LPA1 receptor functionality into a single categorical role, different from the other Edg-family LPA receptors. The desire to categorize LPA1 function has highlighted its complexity and demonstrated that the LPA1 receptor does not have one absolute function throughout every system. The central nervous system is highly enriched in the LPA1 receptor, suggesting an integral role in neuronal processes. Metastatic and invasive breast cancer also appears to have LPA-mediated LPA1 receptor functions that enhance phenotypes associated with tumorigenesis. LPA1 possesses a number of motifs conserved among G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs): a DRY-like motif, a PDZ domain, Ser/Thr predicted sites of phosphorylation, a di-leucine motif, double cysteines in the tail and conserved residues that stabilize structure and determine ligand binding. The third intracellular loop of the LPA1 receptor may be the crux of receptor signaling and attenuation with phosphorylation of Thr-236 potentially a key determinant of basal LPA1 signaling. Mutagenesis data supports the notion that Thr-236 regulates this process since mutating Thr-236 to Ala-236 increased basal and LPA-mediated serum response factor (SRF) signaling activity and Lys-236 further increased this basal signaling. Here we describe progress on defining the major functions of the LPA1 receptor, discuss a context dependent dualistic role as both a negative regulator in cancer and a proto-oncogene, outline its structural components at the molecular amino acid level and present mutagenesis data on the third intracellular loop of the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandi Murph
- Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Giang Nguyen
- School of Biology and Petit Institute for Biosciences and Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Harish Radhakrishna
- School of Biology and Petit Institute for Biosciences and Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332,The Coca-Cola Company, One Coca-Cola Plaza, TEC-437, Atlanta, GA 30301
| | - Gordon B. Mills
- Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
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A lysophosphatidic acid receptor lacking the PDZ-binding domain is constitutively active and stimulates cell proliferation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2007; 1783:748-59. [PMID: 18157949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2007.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Revised: 11/13/2007] [Accepted: 11/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an extracellular signaling lipid that regulates cell proliferation, survival, and motility of normal and cancer cells. These effects are produced through G protein-coupled LPA receptors, LPA(1) to LPA(5). We generated an LPA(1) mutant lacking the SerValVal sequence of the C-terminal PDZ-binding domain to examine the role of this domain in intracellular signaling and other cellular functions. B103 neuroblastoma cells expressing the mutant LPA(1) showed rapid cell proliferation and tended to form colonies under serum-free conditions. The enhanced cell proliferation of the mutant cells was inhibited by exogenous expression of the plasmids inhibiting G proteins including G(betagamma), G(alphai) and G(alphaq) or G(alpha12/13), or treatment with pertussis toxin, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors or a Rho inhibitor. We confirmed that the PI3K-Akt and Rho pathways were intrinsically activated in mutant cells by detecting increases in phosphorylated Akt in western blot analyses or by directly measuring Rho activity. Interestingly, expression of the mutant LPA(1) in non-tumor mouse fibroblasts induced colony formation in a clonogenic soft agar assay, indicating that oncogenic pathways were activated. Taken together, these observations suggest that the mutant LPA(1) constitutively activates the G protein signaling leading to PI3K-Akt and Rho pathways, resulting in enhanced cell proliferation.
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