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Li F, Sun Q, Liu K, Zhang L, Lin N, You K, Liu M, Kon N, Tian F, Mao Z, Li T, Tong T, Qin J, Gu W, Li D, Zhao W. OTUD5 cooperates with TRIM25 in transcriptional regulation and tumor progression via deubiquitination activity. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4184. [PMID: 32826889 PMCID: PMC7442798 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17926-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic processes exert their greatest effect by targeting regulators of cell proliferation. Studying the mechanism underlying growth augmentation is expected to improve clinical therapies. The ovarian tumor (OTU) subfamily deubiquitinases have been implicated in the regulation of critical cell-signaling cascades, but most OTUs functions remain to be investigated. Through an unbiased RNAi screen, knockdown of OTUD5 is shown to significantly accelerate cell growth. Further investigation reveals that OTUD5 depletion leads to the enhanced transcriptional activity of TRIM25 and the inhibited expression of PML by altering the ubiquitination level of TRIM25. Importantly, OTUD5 knockdown accelerates tumor growth in a nude mouse model. OTUD5 expression is markedly downregulated in tumor tissues. The reduced OTUD5 level is associated with an aggressive phenotype and a poor clinical outcome for cancers patients. Our findings reveal a mechanism whereby OTUD5 regulates gene transcription and suppresses tumorigenesis by deubiquitinating TRIM25, providing a potential target for oncotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhou Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, 68 Jiyang West Road, 215600, Suzhou, China
| | - Ning Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiqiang You
- Department of Biomedical informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Mingwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Kon
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Zebin Mao
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Biomedical informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Tanjun Tong
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Dawei Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, 68 Jiyang West Road, 215600, Suzhou, China.
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China.
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Sanaei M, Kavoosi F. Investigation of the Effect of Zebularine in Comparison to and in Combination with Trichostatin A on p21Cip1/Waf1/ Sdi1, p27Kip1, p57Kip2, DNA Methyltransferases and Histone Deacetylases in Colon Cancer LS 180 Cell Line. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1819-1828. [PMID: 32592383 PMCID: PMC7568903 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.6.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heart of the cell cycle regulatory machine is a group of enzymes named cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks). The active form of these enzymes includes a kinase and its partner, a cyclin. The regulation of cyclin-Cdk complexes is provided by Cdk inhibitors (CKIs) such as Cip/Kip family comprising p21Cip1/Waf1/Sdi1, p27Kip1, and p57Kip2. The hypermethylation and deacetylation of Cip/Kip gene family seem to be frequent in numerous cancers. It has been indicated that increased expression of DNMTs and HDACs contributes to cancer induction. Previously, we reported the effect of DNA demethylating agents and histone deacetylase inhibitors on histone deacetylase 1, DNA methyltransferase 1, and CIP/KIP family in colon cancer. The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of zebularine in comparison to and in combination with trichostatin A (TSA) on p21Cip1/Waf1/Sdi1, p27Kip1, p57Kip2, DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, 3a and 3b) and histone deacetylases (HDAC1, 2, and 3) genes expression, cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in colon cancer LS 180 cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS The colon cancer LS 180 cell line was cultured and treated with zebularine and TSA. To determine cell viability, apoptosis, and the relative expression level of the genes, MTT assay, cell apoptosis assay, and qRT-PCR were done respectively. RESULTS Both compounds significantly inhibited cell growth, and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, both compounds increased p21Cip1/Waf1/Sdi1, p27Kip1, and p57Kip2 significantly. Additionally, zebularine and TSA decreased DNMTs and HDACs gene expression respectively. CONCLUSION The zebularine and TSA can reactivate the CIP/KIP family through inhibition of DNMTs and HDACs genes activity. .
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fraidoon Kavoosi
- Research Center for Non-communicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
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Tsilimigras DI, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Moris D, Spartalis E, Pawlik TM. Histone deacetylase inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma: A therapeutic perspective. Surg Oncol 2018; 27:611-618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Target Gene Discovery for Novel Therapeutic Agents in Cancer Treatment. Methods Mol Biol 2015. [PMID: 26667461 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3204-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Target identification of novel therapeutic drugs is pivotal for the establishment of (1) new anticancer regiments, (2) to control side effects of the drugs, and (3) to identify appropriate combinations with established drugs. Here, we describe several in vitro assays applicable to characterize different characteristics of tumor cells. Furthermore, we present a protocol for establishing a reporter gene system for in vivo imaging, allowing for the study of drug effects in small animal models.
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The role of p21(waf1/cip1) and p27(Kip1) in HDACi-mediated tumor cell death and cell cycle arrest in the Eμ-myc model of B-cell lymphoma. Oncogene 2013; 33:5415-23. [PMID: 24292681 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Following the establishment of histone deacetylases (HDACs) as promising therapeutic targets for the reversal of aberrant epigenetic states associated with cancer, the development of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) and their underlying mechanisms of action has been a significant area of scientific interest. HDACi induce diverse biological responses including the inhibition of cell proliferation by blocking progression through the G1 or G2/M phases of the cell cycle. As a putative tumor-suppressor protein, p21(waf1/cip1) influences cell proliferation by inhibiting the activity of cyclin-cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) complexes at the G1/S and G2/M cell cycle checkpoints. HDACi transcriptionally activate CDKN1A, and it has been proposed that induction of p21(waf1/cip1) can determine if a cell undergoes apoptosis or cell cycle arrest following HDACi treatment. In the Eμ-myc transgenic mouse model of B-cell lymphoma, knockout of cdkn1a had no effect on disease latency, indicating that p21(waf1/cip1) did not function as a tumor suppressor in this system. Although HDACi robustly induced expression of p21(waf1/cip1) in wild-type Eμ-myc lymphomas, deletion of cdkn1a did not sensitize the lymphoma cells to HDACi-induced apoptosis and HDACi-induced cell cycle arrest still occurred. However, knockdown of cdkn1b in cdkn1a knockout lymphomas resulted in defective vorinostat-mediated arrest at G1/S indicating an essential role of p27(Kip1) in mediating this biological response to vorinostat. These data demonstrate that induction of cdkn1a does not regulate HDACi-mediated tumor cell apoptosis and refute the notion that p21(waf1/cip1) is an obligate mediator of HDACi-induced cell cycle arrest.
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Kosaka M, Kang MR, Yang G, Li LC. Targeted p21WAF1/CIP1 activation by RNAa inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Nucleic Acid Ther 2012; 22:335-43. [PMID: 22909100 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2012.0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA activation (RNAa) is a mechanism of gene activation triggered by promoter-targeted small double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), also known as small activating RNA (saRNA). p21(WAF1/CIP1) (p21) is a putative tumor suppressor gene due to its role as a key negative regulator of the cell cycle and cell proliferation. It is frequently downregulated in cancer including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but is rarely mutated or deleted, making it an ideal target for RNAa-based overexpression to restore its tumor suppressor function. In the present study, we investigated the antigrowth effects of p21 RNAa in HCC cells. Transfection of a p21 saRNA (dsP21-322) into HepG2 and Hep3B cells significantly induced the expression of p21 at both the mRNA and protein levels, and inhibited cell proliferation and survival. Further analysis of dsP21-322 transfected cells revealed that dsP21-322 arrested the cell cycle at the G(0)/G(1) phase in HepG2 cells but at G(2)/M phase in Hep3B cells which lack functional p53 and Rb genes, and induced both early and late stage apoptosis by activating caspase 3 in both cell lines. These results demonstrated that RNAa of p21 has in vitro antigrowth effects on HCC cells via impeding cell cycle progression and inducing apoptotic cell death. This study suggests that targeted activation of p21 by RNAa may be explored as a novel therapy for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Kosaka
- Department of Urology and Helen-Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Abstract
Histone acetyltransferase and histone deacetylase are enzymes responsible for histone acetylation and deacetylation, respectively, in which the histones are acetylated and deacetylated on lysine residues in the N-terminal tail and on the surface of the nucleosome core. These processes are considered the most important epigenetic mechanisms for remodeling the chromatin structure and controlling the gene expression. Histone acetylation is associated with gene activation. Sodium phenylbutyrate is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that has been approved for treatement of urea cycle disorders and is under investigation in cancer, hemoglobinopathies, motor neuron diseases, and cystic fibrosis clinical trials. Due to its characteristics, not only of histone deacetylase inhibitor, but also of ammonia sink and chemical chaperone, the interest towards this molecule is growing worldwide. This review aims to update the current literature, involving the use of sodium phenylbutyrate in experimental studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Iannitti
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.
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Park SY, Lee KB, Lee MJ, Bae SC, Jang JJ. Nicotinamide inhibits the early stage of carcinogen-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice and suppresses human hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth. J Cell Physiol 2011; 227:899-908. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Genomic DNA hypomethylation by histone deacetylase inhibition implicates DNMT1 nuclear dynamics. Mol Cell Biol 2011; 31:4119-28. [PMID: 21791605 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01304-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are promising antitumor drugs acting through reactivation of silenced tumor suppressor genes. Several HDACi are currently in clinical trials both for hematological and solid tissue malignancies. Cooperative action of HDACi and DNA methylation inhibitors (DNMTi) has been reported, making combined treatment an attractive choice for cancer therapy. There is some evidence that synergistic effects of HDACi and DNMTi are achieved by their action on common targets, including DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). To further analyze this interaction, we investigated the effect of the HDACi trichostatin A on global and gene-specific DNA methylation and applied methods with single molecule sensitivity, confocal laser scanning microscopy with avalanche photodiode detectors (APD imaging) and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), to study its effect on the nuclear dynamics of DNMT1 in live cells. Our data show that trichostatin A treatment reduces global DNA methylation and the DNMT1 protein level and alters DNMT1 nuclear dynamics and interactions with chromatin. The mechanisms underlying these effects are apparently distinct from the mechanisms of action of the DNMT inhibitor 5-azacytidine. Our study sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the synergistic action of HDACi and DNMTi and may also help to define improved policies for cancer treatment.
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Chang J, Liu Y, Zhang DD, Zhang DJ, Wu CT, Wang LS, Cui CP. Hepatopoietin Cn suppresses apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by up-regulating myeloid cell leukemia-1. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:193-200. [PMID: 20066738 PMCID: PMC2806557 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i2.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the role of hepatopoietin Cn (HPPCn) in apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and its mechanism.
METHODS: Two human HCC cell lines, SMMC7721 and HepG2, were used in this study. Immunostaining, Western blotting and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were conducted to identify the expression of HPPCn and the existence of an autocrine loop of HPPCn/HPPCn receptor in SMMC7721 and HepG2. Apoptotic cells were detected using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated Annexin V and propidium iodide.
RESULTS: The HPPCn was highly expressed in human HCC cells and secreted into culture medium (CM). FITC-labeled recombinant human protein (rhHPPCn) could specifically bind to its receptor on HepaG2 cells. Treatment with 400 ng/mL rhHPPCn dramatically increased the viability of HCC-derived cells from 48.1% and 36.9% to 85.6% and 88.4%, respectively (P < 0.05). HPPCn silenced by small-interfering RNA reduced the expression and secretion of HPPCn and increased the apoptosis induced by trichostatin A. Additionally, HPPCn could up-regulate the expression of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) in HCC cells via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and sphingosine kinase-1.
CONCLUSION: HPPCn is a novel hepatic growth factor that can be secreted to CM and suppresses apoptosis of HCC cells by up-regulating Mcl-1 expression.
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Ammerpohl O, Tiwari S, Kalthoff H. Target gene discovery for novel therapeutic agents in cancer treatment. Methods Mol Biol 2010; 576:427-445. [PMID: 19882275 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-545-9_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Target identification of novel therapeutic drugs is pivotal for the establishment of (1) new anticancer regimens, (2) to control side effects of the drugs, and (3) to identify appropriate combinations with established drugs. Here, we describe several in vitro assays applicable to characterize different characteristics of tumor cells. Furthermore, we present a protocol for establishing a reporter gene system for in vivo imaging, allowing for the study of drug effects in small animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Ammerpohl
- Clinic for General Surgery and Thoracic Surgery, Division Molecular Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig, Kiel, Germany
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Dewa Y, Nishimura J, Jin M, Kawai M, Saegusa Y, Harada T, Shibutani M, Mitsumori K. Molecular Expression Analysis of β-Naphthoflavone-induced Hepatocellular Tumors in Rats. Toxicol Pathol 2009; 37:446-55. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623309335062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was performed to characterize molecular expression levels of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions induced by β-naphthoflavone (BNF), an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist in rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Male F344 rats were initiated with an intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg N-diethylnitrosamine, and two weeks later, they were fed a diet containing 0% or 1% BNF for twenty-eight weeks. All animals were subjected to a two-thirds partial hepatectomy at week 3 and sacrificed at week 30. Histopathologically, BNF increased the incidence and multiplicity of altered foci (1.7-fold and 3.3-fold) and hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) (4.0-fold and 4.7-fold). Immunohistochemically, BNF increased the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells in altered foci (2.3-fold) and HCAs (6.7-fold) compared with the surrounding tissue and decreased the staining of cell cycle regulators (P21, C/EBPα). In addition, loss of reactivity for AhR-regulated (CYP1A1, CYP1B1) molecules and increased reactivity of Nrf-2-regulated (AKR7, GPX2) molecules were also observed in proliferative lesions. Furthermore, increased staining of histone deacetylase (HDAC1) in the nucleus was prominent in HCAs. The differential expression patterns were confirmed at mRNA levels by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. These results suggest that enhanced cell proliferation and protection against oxidative stress play an important role in BNF-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Dewa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Jihei Nishimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Meilan Jin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Applied Biological Science, United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Kawai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yukie Saegusa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Harada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Shibutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunitoshi Mitsumori
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Quintana A, Molinero A, Borup R, Nielsen FC, Campbell IL, Penkowa M, Hidalgo J. Effect of astrocyte-targeted production of IL-6 on traumatic brain injury and its impact on the cortical transcriptome. Dev Neurobiol 2008; 68:195-208. [PMID: 18000830 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.20584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is one of the key players in the response of the brain cortex to injury. We have described previously that astrocyte-driven production of IL-6 (GFAP-IL6) in transgenic mice, although causing spontaneous neuroinflammation and long term damage, is beneficial after an acute (freeze) injury in the cortex, increasing healing and decreasing oxidative stress and apoptosis. To determine the transcriptional basis for these responses here we analyzed the global gene expression profile of the cortex, at 0 (unlesioned), 1 or 4 days post lesion (dpl), in both GFAP-IL6 mice and their control littermates. GFAP-IL6 mice showed an increase in genes associated with the inflammatory response both at 1 dpl (Iftm1, Endod1) and 4 dpl (Gfap, C4b), decreased expression of proapoptotic genes (i.e. Gadd45b, Clic4, p21) as well as reduced expression of genes involved in the control of oxidative stress (Atf4). Furthermore, the presence of IL-6 altered the expression of genes involved in hemostasis (Vwf), cell migration and proliferation (Cap2), and synaptic activity (Vamp2). All these changes in gene expression could underlie the phenotype of the GFAP-IL6 mice after injury, but many other possible factors were also identified in this study, highlighting the utility of this approach for deciphering new pathways orchestrated by IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Quintana
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Animal Physiology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Qian DZ, Wei YF, Wang X, Kato Y, Cheng L, Pili R. Antitumor activity of the histone deacetylase inhibitor MS-275 in prostate cancer models. Prostate 2007; 67:1182-93. [PMID: 17520666 DOI: 10.1002/pros.20611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors represent a novel class of therapeutic agents with antitumor activity currently in clinical development. In this study, we tested the biological effects of the HDAC inhibitor MS-275 in various pre-clinical prostate cancer models both in'vitro and in vivo. METHODS In vitro cell proliferation XTT assay and protein expression analysis by Western blot were performed. In vivo tumor growth assessment in subcutaneous, orthotopic, and transgenic mouse models were conducted. RESULTS MS-275 significantly upregulated histone H3 acetylation and p21 gene expression in human prostate cancer cell lines. MS-275 exerted growth arrest in PC-3 and LNCaP cells, and induced cell death in DU-145 cells. Prostate specific antigen protein levels were increased by MS-275 in LAPC4 cell line. In vivo, MS-275 inhibited the growth of DU-145, LNCaP, and PC-3 in subcutaneous xenografts. MS-275 had also a significant inhibition of PC-3 cells growth in a mouse intratibial model. Molecular analysis showed increased histone acetylation and p21 expression in tumor samples from MS-275-treated mice. In transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice, long-term treatment of MS-275 slowed the progression of prostate carcinomas with significant reduction in cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data support the clinical testing of MS-275 for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Z Qian
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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