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Li C, Wang T, Xiao Y, Li K, Meng X, James Kang Y. COMMD1 upregulation is involved in copper efflux from ischemic hearts. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:607-616. [PMID: 33653183 PMCID: PMC7934151 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220969844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper depletion is associated with myocardial ischemic infarction, in which copper metabolism MURR domain 1 (COMMD1) is increased. The present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that the elevated COMMD1 is responsible for copper loss from the ischemic myocardium, thus worsening myocardial ischemic injury. Mice (C57BL/6J) were subjected to left anterior descending coronary artery permanent ligation to induce myocardial ischemic infarction. In the ischemic myocardium, copper reduction was associated with a significant increase in the protein level of COMMD1. A tamoxifen-inducible, cardiomyocyte -specific Commd1 knockout mouse (C57BL/6J) model (COMMD1CMC▲/▲) was generated using the Cre-LoxP recombination system. COMMD1CMC▲/▲ and wild-type littermates were subjected to the same permanent ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. At the 7th day after ischemic insult, COMMD1 deficiency suppressed copper loss in the heart, along with preservation of vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 expression and the integrity of the vascular system in the ischemic myocardium. Corresponding to this change, infarct size of ischemic heart was reduced and myocardial contractile function was well preserved in COMMD1CMC▲/▲ mice. These results thus demonstrate that upregulation of COMMD1 is at least partially responsible for copper efflux from the ischemic heart. Cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of COMMD1 helps preserve the availability of copper for angiogenesis, thus suppressing myocardial ischemic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kui Li
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Y James Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Memphis Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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Management of Wilson Disease Diagnosed in Infancy: An Appraisal of Available Experience to Generate Discussion. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2020; 70:547-554. [PMID: 31899725 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increased access to molecular genetic testing is changing the demographics for diagnosing inherited disorders and imposing new challenges for medical management. Wilson disease (WD), typically diagnosed in older children and adults, can now be detected in utero and in infants (children younger than 24 months, including neonates) via genetic testing. An evidence-based approach to management of these neonates and extremely young children, who are typically asymptomatic, has been hampered by lack of clinical experience. We present a case of an infantile diagnosis of WD, review available experience, and discuss current trends in antenatal genetic testing of parents and fetus that may lead to a very early diagnosis of WD. Based on physiological and nutritional considerations, we propose an algorithmic approach to management of infantile WD as a starting point for further discussion. Future collaboration amongst specialists is essential to identify evidence-based approaches and best practice for managing treatment of infants with genetically diagnosed WD.
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Liu L, Cao J, Chang Q, Xing F, Yan G, Fu L, Wang H, Ma Z, Chen X, Li Y, Li S. In Vivo Exon Replacement in the Mouse Atp7b Gene by the Cas9 System. Hum Gene Ther 2019; 30:1079-1092. [PMID: 31144528 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2019.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of CRISPR/Cas9 has opened a new era in gene therapy, making it possible to correct mutated genomes in vivo. Exon replacement can correct many mutations and has potential clinical value. In this study, we used a lentivirus-delivered transgene to obtain transgenic mice in which Cas9 and green fluorescent protein (GFP) were driven by the hTBG promoter and were specifically expressed in the liver. In Cas9-positive mice, only ∼11.6% of hepatocytes were GFP positive. The newborn Cas9-positive F1 mice were injected via the temporal vein with rAAV carrying a modified homologous replacement sequence for exon 8 of Atp7b and a pair of single-strand guide RNAs targeting the introns surrounding exon 8. When the Cas9-positive hepatocytes were sorted and analyzed by PCR and next-generation deep sequencing with different labels, ∼16.34 ± 4.02% to 19.37 ± 6.50% of the analyzed copies of exon 8 were replaced by the donor template in the genome of GFP-positive hepatocytes, that is, 1.81 ± 0.29% to 2.09 ± 0.54% replacement occurred in all liver genomes. However, when rAAV carrying a modified homologous replacement sequence was injected into the adult spCas9 mice, a double-cut deletion ratio of up to 99%, only about 1.10-1.13% of the exon 8 replacement rate was detected in Cas9-positive hepatocytes. This study is the first to achieve exon replacement via CRISPR/Cas9, which will benefit research on CRISPR/Cas9 technology for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianchang Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiurong Chang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengying Xing
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofeng Yan
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengwen Ma
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangang Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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Oliva J. Proteasome and Organs Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010106. [PMID: 29301204 PMCID: PMC5796056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of organ failure on patients requires the transplantation of functional organs, from donors. Over time, the methodology of transplantation was improved by the development of organ preservation solutions. The storage of organs in preservation solutions is followed by the ischemia of the organ, resulting in a shortage of oxygen and nutrients, which damage the tissues. When the organ is ready for the transplantation, the reperfusion of the organ induces an increase of the oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammation which causes tissue damage, resulting in a decrease of the transplantation success. However, the addition of proteasome inhibitor in the preservation solution alleviated the injuries due to the ischemia-reperfusion process. The proteasome is a protein structure involved in the regulation the inflammation and the clearance of damaged proteins. The goal of this review is to summarize the role of the proteasome and pharmacological compounds that regulate the proteasome in protecting the organs from the ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Oliva
- Department of Medicine, LA BioMed at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
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Le A, Shibata NM, French SW, Kim K, Kharbanda KK, Islam MS, LaSalle JM, Halsted CH, Keen CL, Medici V. Characterization of timed changes in hepatic copper concentrations, methionine metabolism, gene expression, and global DNA methylation in the Jackson toxic milk mouse model of Wilson disease. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:8004-23. [PMID: 24810691 PMCID: PMC4057715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15058004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Wilson disease (WD) is characterized by hepatic copper accumulation with progressive liver damage to cirrhosis. This study aimed to characterize the toxic milk mouse from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME, USA) (tx-j) mouse model of WD according to changes over time in hepatic copper concentrations, methionine metabolism, global DNA methylation, and gene expression from gestational day 17 (fetal) to adulthood (28 weeks). Methods Included liver histology and relevant biochemical analyses including hepatic copper quantification, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) liver levels, qPCR for transcript levels of genes relevant to methionine metabolism and liver damage, and DNA dot blot for global DNA methylation. Results Hepatic copper was lower in tx-j fetuses but higher in weanling (three weeks) and adult tx-j mice compared to controls. S-adenosylhomocysteinase transcript levels were significantly lower at all time points, except at three weeks, correlating negatively with copper levels and with consequent changes in the SAM:SAH methylation ratio and global DNA methylation. Conclusion Compared to controls, methionine metabolism including S-adenosylhomocysteinase gene expression is persistently different in the tx-j mice with consequent alterations in global DNA methylation in more advanced stages of liver disease. The inhibitory effect of copper accumulation on S-adenosylhomocysteinase expression is associated with progressively abnormal methionine metabolism and decreased methylation capacity and DNA global methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Le
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, 3135 Meyer Hall, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Noreene M Shibata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Samuel W French
- Department of Pathology, UCLA/Harbor Medical Center, 1000 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Med-Sci 1C, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Kusum K Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, VA Medical Center R-151, 4101 Woolworth Avenue, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
| | - Mohammad S Islam
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Tupper Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Janine M LaSalle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Genome Center, and MIND Institute, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Tupper Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Charles H Halsted
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Carl L Keen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, 3135 Meyer Hall, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Valentina Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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Roberts EA. Using metalloproteomics to investigate the cellular physiology of copper in hepatocytes. Metallomics 2012; 4:633-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20019h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Sarkar B, Roberts EA. The puzzle posed by COMMD1, a newly discovered protein binding Cu(ii). Metallomics 2011; 3:20-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c0mt00031k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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McElwee MK, Song MO, Freedman JH. Copper activation of NF-kappaB signaling in HepG2 cells. J Mol Biol 2009; 393:1013-21. [PMID: 19747488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2009.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2009] [Revised: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Copper is a persistent environmental contaminant, and exposure to elevated levels of this transition metal can result in a variety of pathologies. Copper affects the transcription of multiple defense and repair genes to protect against metal-induced pathologies. HepG2 cells were treated with copper under multiple conditions and microarray analyses were previously performed to better understand the mechanisms by which copper affects the transcription of stress-responsive genes. Analysis of the microarray data indicated that copper modulates multiple signal transduction pathways, including those mediated by NF-kappaB. Luciferase assays, quantitative reverse transcription real-time PCR, and chemical inhibition in HepG2 cells validated the microarray results and confirmed that NF-kappaB was activated by stress-inducible concentrations of copper. In addition, two novel NF-kappaB-regulated genes, SRXN1 (sulfiredoxin 1 homolog) and ZFAND2A (zinc-finger, AN1-type domain 2A), were identified. Our results indicate that the activation of NF-kappaB may be important for survival under elevated concentrations of copper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K McElwee
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Box 12233, MD E1-05, 111 T. W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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González M, Reyes-Jara A, Suazo M, Jo WJ, Vulpe C. Expression of copper-related genes in response to copper load. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 88:830S-4S. [PMID: 18779303 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/88.3.830s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient for all biological systems. Multiple proteins require one or more atoms of copper for proper structure and function, but excess of copper is toxic. To prevent the consequences of copper deficiency and overload, living organisms have evolved molecular mechanisms that regulate its uptake, intracellular traffic, storage, and efflux. Underlying some of the cellular responses to variations in copper levels are changes in the expression of genes encoding molecular components of copper metabolism. In recent years, genome-scale expression analysis in several eukaryotic models has allowed the identification of copper-responsive genes involved in copper homeostasis. Characterization of the transcriptional changes in response to varying copper levels include both genes directly involved in copper homeostasis and genes involved in different cellular process that, even though they are not directly connected to copper metabolism, change their expression during the cellular adaptation to copper availability. Evaluation of these gene expression patterns could aid in the identification of biologically relevant markers to monitor copper status in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio González
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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