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Wang Z, Wu X. Abnormal function of telomere protein TRF2 induces cell mutation and the effects of environmental tumor‑promoting factors (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 46:184. [PMID: 34278498 PMCID: PMC8273685 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have found that somatic gene mutations and environmental tumor-promoting factors are both indispensable for tumor formation. Telomeric repeat-binding factor (TRF)2 is the core component of the telomere shelterin complex, which plays an important role in chromosome stability and the maintenance of normal cell physiological states. In recent years, TRF2 and its role in tumor formation have gradually become a research hot topic, which has promoted in-depth discussions into tumorigenesis and treatment strategies, and has achieved promising results. Some cells bypass elimination, due to either aging, apoptosis via mutations or abnormal prolongation of the mitotic cycle, and enter the telomere crisis period, where large-scale DNA reorganization occurs repeatedly, which manifests as the precancerous cell cycle. Finally, at the end of the crisis cycle, the mutation activates either the expression level of telomerase or activates the alternative lengthening of telomere mechanism to extend the local telomeres. Under the protection of TRF2, chromosomes are gradually stabilized, immortal cells are formed and the stagewise mutation-driven transformation of normal cells to cancer cells is completed. In addition, TRF2 also shares the characteristics of environmental tumor-promoting factors. It acts on multiple signal transduction pathway-related proteins associated with cell proliferation, and affects peripheral angiogenesis, inhibits the immune recognition and killing ability of the microenvironment, and maintains the stemness characteristics of tumor cells. TRF2 levels are abnormally elevated by a variety of tumor control proteins, which are more conducive to the protection of telomeres and the survival of tumor cells. In brief, the various regulatory mechanisms which tumor cells rely on to survive are organically integrated around TRF2, forming a regulatory network, which is conducive to the optimization of the survival direction of heterogeneous tumor cells, and promotes their survival and adaptability. In terms of clinical application, TRF2 is expected to become a new type of cancer prognostic marker and a new tumor treatment target. Inhibition of TRF2 overexpression could effectively cut off the core network regulating tumor cell survival, reduce drug resistance, or bypass the mutation under the pressure of tumor treatment selection, which may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the complete eradication of tumors in the clinical setting. Based on recent research, the aim of the present review was to systematically elaborate on the basic structure and functional characteristics of TRF2 and its role in tumor formation, and to analyze the findings indicating that TRF2 deficiency or overexpression could cause severe damage to telomere function and telomere shortening, and induce DNA damage response and chromosomal instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Wang
- Good Clinical Practice Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610071, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Ministry of Education and Training, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
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2
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Polito F, Cucinotta M, Abbritti RV, Brogna A, Pergolizzi S, Tomasello C, Barresi V, Angileri FF, Di Giorgio R, Conti A, La Torre D, Germanò A, Aguennouz M. Silencing of telomere-binding protein adrenocortical dysplasia (ACD) homolog enhances radiosensitivity in glioblastoma cells. Transl Res 2018; 202:99-108. [PMID: 30080989 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adrenocortical dysplasia (ACD) is a shelterin protein involved in the maintenance of telomere length and in cancer radioresistance. This study investigated the expression profile of ACD in human gliomas and its role in radioresistance of glioma cells. The expression of ACD was analyzed in 62 different grades of glioma tissues and correlated with prognosis. A radioresistant cell line was generated from U87MG cells. For mechanistic studies, ACD was inhibited by small interfering RNA-targeting ACD and the effect on cell radioresistance, telomerase activity, cyclinD1, caspase-3, hTERT, and BIRC1 was evaluated. Clonogenic assay was performed after irradiation, to investigate the effect of ACD silencing on radiation sensitivity. ACD expression appeared strongly upregulated in higher grade gliomas, and its expression was significantly correlated to grading and poor prognosis. In glioma cell lines, ACD expression pattern was similar to those observed in glioma tissues. In irradiated cells, ACD expression was increased in an ionizing radiation dose-dependent manner. A higher expression of ACD was observed in the radioresistant clones than parental cells. Silencing of ACD led to the enhanced radiation sensitivity, decreased telomerase activity and cyclin D1 expression, reduced expression of BIRC1, and finally to the upregulation of caspase-3. This study represents the first report, which demonstrated the expression pattern of ACD in gliomas and its prognostic value. Our results suggested that ACD is involved in glioblastoma radioresistance, likely through the modulation of telomerase activity, proliferation, and apoptosis. ACD might represent a potential molecular biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Polito
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Cucinotta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria V Abbritti
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Anna Brogna
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Stefano Pergolizzi
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Tomasello
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | | | - Flavio F Angileri
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | | | - Alfredo Conti
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico La Torre
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Germanò
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | - M'hammed Aguennouz
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy.
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3
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Assani G, Xiong Y, Zhou F, Zhou Y. Effect of therapies-mediated modulation of telomere and/or telomerase on cancer cells radiosensitivity. Oncotarget 2018; 9:35008-35025. [PMID: 30405890 PMCID: PMC6201854 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Many strategies of cancer treatment such as radiotherapy which plays a key role in cancer treatment are developed and used nowadays. However, the side effects post-cancer radiotherapy and cancer radioresistance are two major causes of the limitation of cancer radiotherapy effectiveness in the cancer patients. Moreover, reduction of the limitation of cancer radiotherapy effectiveness by reducing the side effects post-cancer radiotherapy and cancer radioresistance is the aim of several radiotherapy-oncologic teams. Otherwise, Telomere and telomerase are two cells components which play an important role in cancer initiation, cancer progression and cancer therapy resistance such as radiotherapy resistance. For resolving the problems of the limitation of cancer radiotherapy effectiveness especially the cancer radio-resistance problems, the radio-gene-therapy strategy which is the use of gene-therapy via modulation of gene expression combined with radiotherapy was developed and used as a new strategy to treat the patients with cancer. In this review, we summarized the information concerning the implication of telomere and telomerase modulation in cancer radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganiou Assani
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yudi Xiong
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhou
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Ness KK, Kirkland JL, Gramatges MM, Wang Z, Kundu M, McCastlain K, Li-Harms X, Zhang J, Tchkonia T, Pluijm SMF, Armstrong GT. Premature Physiologic Aging as a Paradigm for Understanding Increased Risk of Adverse Health Across the Lifespan of Survivors of Childhood Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2018; 36:2206-2215. [PMID: 29874132 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.76.7467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The improvement in survival of childhood cancer observed across the past 50 years has resulted in a growing acknowledgment that simply extending the lifespan of survivors is not enough. It is incumbent on both the cancer research and the clinical care communities to also improve the health span of survivors. It is well established that aging adult survivors of childhood cancer are at increased risk of chronic health conditions, relative to the general population. However, as the first generation of survivors age into their 50s and 60s, it has become increasingly evident that this population is also at risk of early onset of physiologic aging. Geriatric measures have uncovered evidence of reduced strength and speed and increased fatigue, all components of frailty, among survivors with a median age of 33 years, which is similar to adults older than 65 years of age in the general population. Furthermore, frailty in survivors independently increased the risk of morbidity and mortality. Although there has been a paucity of research investigating the underlying biologic mechanisms for advanced physiologic age in survivors, results from geriatric populations suggest five biologically plausible mechanisms that may be potentiated by exposure to cancer therapies: increased cellular senescence, reduced telomere length, epigenetic modifications, somatic mutations, and mitochondrial DNA infidelity. There is now a critical need for research to elucidate the biologic mechanisms of premature aging in survivors of childhood cancer. This research could pave the way for new frontiers in the prevention of these life-changing outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten K Ness
- Kirsten K. Ness, Zhaoming Wang, Mondira Kundu, Kelly McCastlain, Xiujie Li-Harms, Jinghui Zhang, and Gregory T. Armstrong, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; James L. Kirkland and Tamar Tchkonia, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Maria Monica Gramatges, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - James L Kirkland
- Kirsten K. Ness, Zhaoming Wang, Mondira Kundu, Kelly McCastlain, Xiujie Li-Harms, Jinghui Zhang, and Gregory T. Armstrong, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; James L. Kirkland and Tamar Tchkonia, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Maria Monica Gramatges, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Monica Gramatges
- Kirsten K. Ness, Zhaoming Wang, Mondira Kundu, Kelly McCastlain, Xiujie Li-Harms, Jinghui Zhang, and Gregory T. Armstrong, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; James L. Kirkland and Tamar Tchkonia, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Maria Monica Gramatges, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Kirsten K. Ness, Zhaoming Wang, Mondira Kundu, Kelly McCastlain, Xiujie Li-Harms, Jinghui Zhang, and Gregory T. Armstrong, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; James L. Kirkland and Tamar Tchkonia, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Maria Monica Gramatges, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mondira Kundu
- Kirsten K. Ness, Zhaoming Wang, Mondira Kundu, Kelly McCastlain, Xiujie Li-Harms, Jinghui Zhang, and Gregory T. Armstrong, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; James L. Kirkland and Tamar Tchkonia, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Maria Monica Gramatges, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kelly McCastlain
- Kirsten K. Ness, Zhaoming Wang, Mondira Kundu, Kelly McCastlain, Xiujie Li-Harms, Jinghui Zhang, and Gregory T. Armstrong, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; James L. Kirkland and Tamar Tchkonia, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Maria Monica Gramatges, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Xiujie Li-Harms
- Kirsten K. Ness, Zhaoming Wang, Mondira Kundu, Kelly McCastlain, Xiujie Li-Harms, Jinghui Zhang, and Gregory T. Armstrong, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; James L. Kirkland and Tamar Tchkonia, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Maria Monica Gramatges, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- Kirsten K. Ness, Zhaoming Wang, Mondira Kundu, Kelly McCastlain, Xiujie Li-Harms, Jinghui Zhang, and Gregory T. Armstrong, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; James L. Kirkland and Tamar Tchkonia, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Maria Monica Gramatges, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Kirsten K. Ness, Zhaoming Wang, Mondira Kundu, Kelly McCastlain, Xiujie Li-Harms, Jinghui Zhang, and Gregory T. Armstrong, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; James L. Kirkland and Tamar Tchkonia, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Maria Monica Gramatges, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm
- Kirsten K. Ness, Zhaoming Wang, Mondira Kundu, Kelly McCastlain, Xiujie Li-Harms, Jinghui Zhang, and Gregory T. Armstrong, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; James L. Kirkland and Tamar Tchkonia, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Maria Monica Gramatges, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gregory T Armstrong
- Kirsten K. Ness, Zhaoming Wang, Mondira Kundu, Kelly McCastlain, Xiujie Li-Harms, Jinghui Zhang, and Gregory T. Armstrong, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; James L. Kirkland and Tamar Tchkonia, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Maria Monica Gramatges, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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5
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Berardinelli F, Coluzzi E, Sgura A, Antoccia A. Targeting telomerase and telomeres to enhance ionizing radiation effects in in vitro and in vivo cancer models. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2017; 773:204-219. [PMID: 28927529 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of cancer consists in the ability of tumor cells to divide indefinitely, and to maintain stable telomere lengths throughout the activation of specific telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMM). Therefore in the last fifteen years, researchers proposed to target telomerase or telomeric structure in order to block limitless replicative potential of cancer cells providing a fascinating strategy for a broad-spectrum cancer therapy. In the present review, we report in vitro and in vivo evidence regarding the use of chemical agents targeting both telomerase or telomere structure and showing promising antitumor effects when used in combination with ionizing radiation (IR). RNA interference, antisense oligonucleotides (e.g., GRN163L), non-nucleoside inhibitors (e.g., BIBR1532) and nucleoside analogs (e.g., AZT) represent some of the most potent strategies to inhibit telomerase activity used in combination with IR. Furthermore, radiosensitizing effects were demonstrated also for agents acting directly on the telomeric structure such as G4-ligands (e.g., RHPS4 and Telomestatin) or telomeric-oligos (T-oligos). To date, some of these compounds are under clinical evaluation (e.g., GRN163L and KML001). Advantages of Telomere/Telomerase Targeting Compounds (T/TTCs) coupled with radiotherapy may be relevant in the treatment of radioresistant tumors and in the development of new optimized treatment plans with reduced dose adsorbed by patients and consequent attenuation of short- end long-term side effects. Pros and cons of possible future applications in cancer therapy based on the combination of T/TCCs and radiation treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Berardinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Rome Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN, Sezione di Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.
| | - E Coluzzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Rome Italy
| | - A Sgura
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Rome Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN, Sezione di Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - A Antoccia
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Rome Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN, Sezione di Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
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6
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Yang H, Wu L, Ke S, Wang W, Yang L, Gao X, Fang H, Yu H, Zhong Y, Xie C, Zhou F, Zhou Y. Downregulation of Ubiquitin-conjugating Enzyme UBE2D3 Promotes Telomere Maintenance and Radioresistance of Eca-109 Human Esophageal Carcinoma Cells. J Cancer 2016; 7:1152-62. [PMID: 27326259 PMCID: PMC4911883 DOI: 10.7150/jca.14745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2D3 is an important member of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathways. Our previous study showed that the expression of UBE2D3 was negatively related to human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and radioresistance in human breast cancer cells. However, in esophageal carcinoma, the exact effects and mechanisms of UBE2D3 in radioresistance remain unclear. This study shows that UBE2D3 knockdown was associated with significant increases in radioresistance to X-rays, telomerase activity, telomere length, and telomere shelterins. UBE2D3 knockdown-mediated radioresistance was related to a decrease in the spontaneous and ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis, resulting from a decrease in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Furthermore, UBE2D3 downregulation was associated with increased G1-S phase transition and prolonged IR-induced G2/M arrest through over expression of cyclin D1, decrease of CDC25A expression and promotion of the ATM/ATR-Chk1-CDC25C pathway. Moreover, UBE2D3 downregulation reduced spontaneous DNA double-strand breaks and accelerated the repair of DNA damage induced by IR. The current data thus demonstrate that UBE2D3 downregulation enhances radioresistance by increased telomere homeostasis and prolonged IR-induced G2/M arrest, but decreases the IR-induced apoptosis and the number of DNA damage foci. These results suggest that UBE2D3 might be a potential molecular target to improve radiotherapy effects in esophageal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Wu
- 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;; 3. Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Shaobo Ke
- 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;; 2. Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Yang
- 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;; 2. Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojia Gao
- 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyan Fang
- 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haijun Yu
- 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;; 2. Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahua Zhong
- 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;; 2. Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;; 2. Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;; 2. Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhou
- 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;; 2. Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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7
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Lei H, Feng D, Zhou F, Xu H, Tang T, Yu H, Xie C, Zhou Y. Expression of human protection of telomere 1 correlates with telomere length and radiosensitivity in the human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cell line. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:1149-1154. [PMID: 26622642 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The close association between telomere length and radiosensitivity has been established by several studies. There is also a hypothesis that telomere length may be regulated by human protection of telomere 1 (hPOT1) in human carcinoma cells. In the present study, the hPOT1 level between the radioresistant Hep-2R cells and the wild-type were compared, and the results showed that the hPOT1 gene was upregulated in the radioresistant Hep-2R cell lines compared with the wild-type. This suggested that the expression level of hPOT1 correlates with radiosensitivity. Additionally, an hPOT1-directed short hairpin (sh)RNA plasmid was constructed and transferred into the Hep-2R cells, which lead to telomere shortening, an increase in apoptosis and markedly decreased growth of the RNAi-Hep-2R cell line. These results demonstrate that hPOT1-directed shRNAs are associated with telomere length and radiosensitivity, and maybe a potent sensitizer for laryngeal cancer radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lei
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Dali Feng
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China ; Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Tian Tang
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Haijun Yu
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China ; Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China ; Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Zhou
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China ; Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
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8
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Szumiel I. From radioresistance to radiosensitivity: In vitro evolution of L5178Y lymphoma. Int J Radiat Biol 2015; 91:465-71. [PMID: 25651039 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2014.996263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To discuss the possible reasons for the loss of tumourigenicity and the acquisition of new phenotypic features (among them, sensitivity to X and UVC radiations) as a result of in vitro cultivation of L5178Y lymphoma cells. RESULTS Ten years ago the phenotypic differences between LY-R (original L5178Y maintained in vivo and examined in vitro) and LY-S lines were reviewed in detail by the author. The loss of tumourigenicity of LY-R cells upon in vitro cultivation accompanying the acquirement of the LY-S phenotype had been described earlier by Beer et al. (1983). In spite of their common origin, the sublines were shown to differ in their relative sensitivity to a number of DNA damaging agents and in numerous other features. Here, selected differences between LY-R and LY-S lines are briefly reviewed. It is proposed that Wallace's concept (2010a) that mitochondria are the interface between environmental conditions and the genome may explain the LY-R-LY-S conversion under prolonged in vitro cultivation. CONCLUSION The differences between the LY lines were probably of epigenetic rather than genetic character. The properties of LY-R cells changed as a result of exposure to an oxic in vitro milieu. The changes could be preconditioned by heteroplasmy and the selection of cells endowed with mitochondria best fitted to a high oxygen-low carbon dioxide environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Szumiel
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology , Warsaw , Poland
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Yang X, Li Z, Yang L, Lei H, Yu H, Liao Z, Zhou F, Xie C, Zhou Y. Knockdown of telomeric repeat binding factor 2 enhances tumor radiosensitivity regardless of telomerase status. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 141:1545-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-1911-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Ke S, Zhou F, Yang H, Wei Y, Gong J, Mei Z, Wu L, Yu H, Zhou Y. Downregulation of high mobility group box 1 modulates telomere homeostasis and increases the radiosensitivity of human breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2014; 46:1051-8. [PMID: 25501936 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The functions of the high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in tumor cells include replenishing telomeric DNA and maintaining cell immortality. There is a negative correlation between human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and radiosensitivity in tumor cells. Our aim was to elucidate the relationship among HMGB1, telomere homeostasis and radiosensitivity in MCF-7 cells. In this study, we established stably transfected control (MCF-7-NC) and HMGB1 knockdown (MCF-7-shHMGB1) cell lines. The expression of HMGB1 mRNA and the relative telomere length were examined by real-time PCR. Radiosensitivity was detected by clonogenic assay. The protein expressions were determined by western blot analysis. The telomerase activity was detected by PCR-ELISA. Proliferation ability was examined by CCK-8 assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry. DNA damage foci were detected by immunofluorescence. ShRNA-mediated downregulation of HMGB1 expression increased the radiosensitivity of MCF-7 cells, and reduced the accumulation of hTERT and cyclin D1. Moreover, knockdown of HMGB1 in MCF-7 cells inhibited telomerase activity and cell proliferation, while increasing the extent of apoptosis. Downregulation of HMGB1 modulated telomere homeostasis by changing the level of telomere-binding proteins, such as TPP1 (PTOP), TRF1 and TRF2. This downregulation also inhibited the ATM and ATR signaling pathways. The current data demonstrate that knockdown of HMGB1 breaks telomere homeostasis, enhances radiosensitivity, and suppresses the repair of DNA damage in human breast cancer cells. These results suggested that HMGB1 might be a potential radiotherapy target in human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Ke
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yuehua Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jun Gong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Zijie Mei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Haijun Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Suppression of telomere-binding protein TPP1 resulted in telomere dysfunction and enhanced radiation sensitivity in telomerase-negative osteosarcoma cell line. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 445:363-8. [PMID: 24513288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian telomeres are protected by the shelterin complex that contains the six core proteins POT1, TPP1, TIN2, TRF1, TRF2 and RAP1. TPP1, formerly known as TINT1, PTOP, and PIP1, is a key factor that regulates telomerase recruitment and activity. In addition to this, TPP1 is required to mediate the shelterin assembly and stabilize telomere. Previous work has found that TPP1 expression was elevated in radioresistant cells and that overexpression of TPP1 led to radioresistance and telomere lengthening in telomerase-positive cells. However, the exact effects and mechanism of TPP1 on radiosensitivity are yet to be precisely defined in the ALT cells. Here we report on the phenotypes of the conditional deletion of TPP1 from the human osteosarcoma U2OS cells using ALT pathway to extend the telomeres.TPP1 deletion resulted in telomere shortening, increased apoptosis and radiation sensitivity enhancement. Together, our findings show that TPP1 plays a vital role in telomere maintenance and protection and establish an intimate relationship between TPP1, telomere and cellular response to ionizing radiation, but likely has the specific mechanism yet to be defined.
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Li Z, Yang X, Xia N, Yang L, Yu H, Zhou F, X C, Zhou Y. PTOP and TRF1 help enhance the radio resistance in breast cancer cell. Cancer Cell Int 2014; 14:7. [PMID: 24460895 PMCID: PMC3984749 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-14-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The telomere binding proteins play an important role in telomere function, which contribute greatly to the radio resistant in human cancers. This research is designed to investigate the relationship among the telomere length, telomerase activity and changes of telomere binding protein PTOP and TRF1 in radio resistant breast cancer cell lines. Methods Irradiate MDA-MB-435 s breast cancer cell with total dose of 60 Gy delivered in 2 Gy/fraction and 6 Gy/fraction respectively, then measuring their telomere length by Southern blot analysis,telomerase activity by Telomerase PCR Elisa and detecting the expression of PTOP and TRF1 in both gene and protein levels. To further investigate the function of PTOP, using lentivirus technic to silence the PTOP gene and the detected the new silenced cells by southern blot and telomerase activity. Results 2 radio resistant breast cancer cell lines were successfully established. The MDA-MB-435 s R60/6 was (approximate 8.1-8.6 kbp) about 2–2.4 folds to the patent cell (3.6-4.2 kbp), the MDA-MB-435 s R60/2 cell (approximate 5.3-6.3 kbp) was about 1.3-1.75 fold to the parent cell line. The telomerase activity was more enhanced in radio resistant cell lines than the parent cell. The expression of PTOP and TRF1 were significant increased in radio resistant cell lines than the patent cell in both gene and protein level. Otherwise, after using lentivirus technic to silence the PTOP gene, we found the radio resistant cell lines were significant decrease their radio resistances and telomerase activities. Conclusion The telomere binding protein PTOP and TRF1 were increased expressed in radio resistant breast cancer cell, PTOP was observed instinct positive correlated with telomere lengthen and telomerase activity enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yunfeng Zhou
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Donghu road 168, 430071, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
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Yang L, Wang W, Hu L, Yang X, Zhong J, Li Z, Yang H, Lei H, Yu H, Liao Z, Zhou F, Xie C, Zhou Y. Telomere-binding protein TPP1 modulates telomere homeostasis and confers radioresistance to human colorectal cancer cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81034. [PMID: 24260532 PMCID: PMC3834294 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy is one of the major therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment. The telomere-binding protein TPP1 is an important component of the shelterin complex at mammalian telomeres. Our previous reports showed that TPP1 expression was elevated in radioresistant cells, but the exact effects and mechanisms of TPP1 on radiosensitivity is unclear. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In this study, we found that elevated TPP1 expression significantly correlated with radioresistance and longer telomere length in human colorectal cancer cell lines. Moreover, TPP1 overexpression showed lengthened telomere length and a significant decrease of radiosensitivity to X-rays. TPP1 mediated radioresistance was correlated with a decreased apoptosis rate after IR exposure. Furthermore, TPP1 overexpression showed prolonged G2/M arrest mediated by ATM/ATR-Chk1 signal pathway after IR exposure. Moreover, TPP1 overexpression accelerated the repair kinetics of total DNA damage and telomere dysfunction induced by ionizing radiation. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that elevated expressions of TPP1 in human colorectal cancer cells could protect telomere from DNA damage and confer radioresistance. These results suggested that TPP1 may be a potential target in the radiotherapy of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Hu
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxi Yang
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Zhong
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Lei
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haijun Yu
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - ZhengKai Liao
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhou
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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Basu N, Skinner HG, Litzelman K, Vanderboom R, Baichoo E, Boardman LA. Telomeres and telomere dynamics: relevance to cancers of the GI tract. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 7:733-48. [PMID: 24161135 PMCID: PMC3892561 DOI: 10.1586/17474124.2013.848790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aberrations in telomere length and telomere maintenance contribute to cancer development. In this article, we review the basic principles of telomere length in normal and tumor tissue and the presence of the two main telomere maintenance pathways as they pertain to gastrointestinal tract cancer. Peripheral blood telomeres are shorter in patients with many types of gastrointestinal tract cancers. Telomere length in tumor DNA also appears to shorten early in cancer development. Tumor telomere shortening is often accompanied by telomerase activation to protect genetically damaged DNA from normal cell senescence or apoptosis, allowing immortalized but damaged DNA to persist. Alternative lengthening of telomeres is another mechanism used by cancer to maintain telomere length in cancer cells. Telomerase and alternative lengthening of telomeres activators and inhibitors may become important chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agents as our understanding of telomere biology, specific telomere-related phenotypes and its relationship to carcinogenesis increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Basu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic 200 First Street SW Rochester, MN 55905 Tel: 507-266-4338; Fax: 507-266-0350
| | - Halcyon G. Skinner
- Department of Population Health Sciences School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison, WI 53726 Tel: 608-265-4654
| | - Kristin Litzelman
- Department of Population Health Sciences School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison, WI 53726 Tel: 608-265-4654
| | - Russell Vanderboom
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic 200 First Street SW Rochester, MN 55905 Tel: 507-266-4338; Fax: 507-266-0350
| | - Esha Baichoo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic 200 First Street SW Rochester, MN 55905 Tel: 507-266-4338; Fax: 507-266-0350
| | - Lisa A. Boardman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic 200 First Street SW Rochester, MN 55905 Tel: 507-266-4338; Fax: 507-266-0350
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15
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Wang W, Yang L, Hu L, Li F, Ren L, Yu H, Liu Y, Xia L, Lei H, Liao Z, Zhou F, Xie C, Zhou Y. Inhibition of UBE2D3 expression attenuates radiosensitivity of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by increasing hTERT expression and activity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64660. [PMID: 23741361 PMCID: PMC3669415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The known functions of telomerase in tumor cells include replenishing telomeric DNA and maintaining cell immortality. We have previously shown the existence of a negative correlation between human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and radiosensitivity in tumor cells. Here we set out to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying regulation by telomerase of radiosensitivity in MCF-7 cells. Toward this aim, yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening of a human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma radioresistant (Hep2R) cDNA library was first performed to search for potential hTERT interacting proteins. We identified ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D3 (UBE2D3) as a principle hTERT-interacting protein and validated this association biochemically. ShRNA-mediated inhibition of UBE2D3 expression attenuated MCF-7 radiosensitivity, and induced the accumulation of hTERT and cyclin D1 in these cells. Moreover, down-regulation of UBE2D3 increased hTERT activity and cell proliferation, accelerating G1 to S phase transition in MCF-7 cells. Collectively these findings suggest that UBE2D3 participates in the process of hTERT-mediated radiosensitivity in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells by regulating hTERT and cyclin D1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Wang
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Hu
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fen Li
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Ren
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haijun Yu
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Xia
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Lei
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengkai Liao
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhou
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Hu L, Wu QQ, Wang WB, Jiang HG, Yang L, Liu Y, Yu HJ, Xie CH, Zhou YF, Zhou FX. Suppression of Ku80 Correlates with Radiosensitivity and Telomere Shortening in the U2OS Telomerase-negative Osteosarcoma Cell Line. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:795-9. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.2.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ferrandon S, Saultier P, Carras J, Battiston-Montagne P, Alphonse G, Beuve M, Malleval C, Honnorat J, Slatter T, Hung N, Royds J, Rodriguez-Lafrasse C, Poncet D. Telomere profiling: toward glioblastoma personalized medicine. Mol Neurobiol 2012; 47:64-76. [PMID: 23065374 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-012-8363-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite a standard of care combining surgery, radiotherapy (RT), and temozolomide chemotherapy, the average overall survival (OS) of glioblastoma patients is only 15 months, and even far lower when the patient cannot benefit from this combination. Therefore, there is a strong need for new treatments, such as new irradiation techniques. Against this background, carbon ion hadrontherapy, a new kind of irradiation, leads to a greater biological response of the tumor, while minimizing adverse effects on healthy tissues in comparison with RT. As carbon ion hadrontherapy is restricted to RT-resistant patients, photon irradiation resistance biomarkers are needed. Long telomeres and high telomerase activity have been widely associated with photon radioresistance in other cancers. Moreover, telomere protection, telomere function, and telomere length (TL) also depend on the shelterin protein complex (TRF1, TRF2, TPP1, POT1, TIN2, and hRAP1). We thus decided to evaluate an enlarged telomeric status (TL, telomerase catalytic subunit, and the shelterin component expression level) as a potential radioresistance biomarker in vitro using cellular models and ex vivo using patient tumor biopsies. In addition, nothing was known about the role of telomeres in carbon ion response. We thus evaluated telomeric status after both types of irradiation. We report here a significant correlation between TL and the basal POT1 expression level and photon radioresistance, in vitro, and a significant increase in the OS of patients with long telomeres or a high POT1 level, in vivo. POT1 expression was predictive of patient response irrespective of the TL. Strikingly, these correlations were lost, in vitro, when considering carbon irradiation. We thus propose (1) a model of the implications of telomeric damage in the cell response to both types of irradiation and (2) assessment of the POT1 expression level and TL using patient tumor biopsies to identify radioresistant patients who could benefit from carbon hadrontherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Ferrandon
- EMR3738, Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Medicine Faculty, Lyon 1 University, 69921, Oullins Cedex 12, France
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The potential value of the neutral comet assay and the expression of genes associated with DNA damage in assessing the radiosensitivity of tumor cells. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2012; 748:52-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Shin JS, Foot T, Hong A, Zhang M, Lum T, Solomon MJ, Soon Lee C. Telomerase expression as a predictive marker of radiotherapy response in rectal cancer: in vitro and in vivo study. Pathology 2012; 44:209-15. [DOI: 10.1097/pat.0b013e3283511cd5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Ye Y, Xu W, Zhong W, Li Y, Wang C. Combination treatment with dihydrotanshinone I and irradiation enhances apoptotic effects in human cervical cancer by HPV E6 down-regulation and caspases activation. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 363:191-202. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-1171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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21
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Ju YJ, Shin HJ, Park JE, Juhn KM, Woo SR, Kim HY, Han YH, Hwang SG, Hong SH, Kang CM, Yoo YD, Park WB, Cho MH, Park GH, Lee KH. Clonal cell populations unresponsive to radiosensitization induced by telomerase inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 402:198-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Liao Z, Huang C, Zhou F, Xiong J, Bao J, Zhang H, Sun W, Xie C, Zhou Y. Radiation enhances suicide gene therapy in radioresistant laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma via activation of a tumor-specific promoter. Cancer Lett 2009; 283:20-8. [PMID: 19375219 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2009] [Revised: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Radioresistant cells have been shown to correlate with poor outcome after radiotherapy. Here, we found that human telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (hTERTp) had lower activity in laryngeal squamous carcinomas cells than in radioresistant variant cells. Combining radiotherapy with plasmid phTERTp-HRP, in which expression of enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP) controlled by hTERTp, resulted in increased apoptosis and necrosis of tumor cells after prodrug indole-3-acetic acid (IAA; converted by HRP into a cytotoxin) incubation. Volume and wet weight of xenograft tumor were reduced more in the combination groups. These data suggest that hTERTp has potential use in targeted cancer gene therapy, especially for radioresistant tumors. Combining radiotherapy with hTERTp-HRP/IAA may overcome radioresistance in laryngeal squamous carcinomas cells and amplify the killing effect in targeted cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkai Liao
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Department of Radiochemotherapy, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, China
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