1
|
Kiaheyrati N, Babaei A, Ranji R, Bahadoran E, Taheri S, Farokhpour Z. Cancer therapy with the viral and bacterial pathogens: The past enemies can be considered the present allies. Life Sci 2024; 349:122734. [PMID: 38788973 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide despite significant advancements in cancer treatment. Many difficulties have arisen as a result of the detrimental consequences of chemotherapy and radiotherapy as a common cancer therapy, such as drug inability to penetrate deep tumor tissue, and also the drug resistance in tumor cells continues to be a major concern. These obstacles have increased the need for the development of new techniques that are more selective and effective against cancer cells. Bacterial-based therapies and the use of oncolytic viruses can suppress cancer in comparison to other cancer medications. The tumor microenvironment is susceptible to bacterial accumulation and proliferation, which can trigger immune responses against the tumor. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have also gained considerable attention in recent years because of their potential capability to selectively target and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the latest literature on the role of bacteria and viruses in cancer treatment, discusses the limitations and challenges, outlines various strategies, summarizes recent preclinical and clinical trials, and emphasizes the importance of optimizing current strategies for better clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Kiaheyrati
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Abouzar Babaei
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Reza Ranji
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Bahadoran
- School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Shiva Taheri
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Zahra Farokhpour
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Oncolytic viruses (OVs) exert their antitumor effect through selective killing of cancer cells and induction of host anti-tumor immunity. This review aims to summarize the recent and current trials with OVs for the treatment of lung cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Several OVs have been developed for the treatment of lung cancer including adenovirus, coxsackievirus B3, reovirus, and vaccinia virus and trials have demonstrated a safe toxicity profile. Early-phase trials in lung cancer with OVs have reported antiviral immune responses and evidence of clinical benefit. However, clinical efficacy of OVs in lung cancer either as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy has not been confirmed in larger phase II or III trials. Development of OVs in lung cancer has been limited by difficulty in administering OVs in the tumor directly as well as achieving adequate viral load at all tumor sites with systemically administered OVs. Developing novel combinations with OVs, especially checkpoint inhibitors and other immunotherapeutics, may be a strategy to address the limited success seen thus far. Integrating appropriate biomarker studies and meaningful endpoints in future clinical trials will be imperative. Using novel viral delivery systems in addition to increasing tumor specificity through improved genetic modifications in the OVs are other strategies to improve efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Malhotra
- Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Pavilion Building- Medical Oncology, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91020, USA.
| | - Edward S Kim
- Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Pavilion Building- Medical Oncology, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91020, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li L, Liu S, Han D, Tang B, Ma J. Delivery and Biosafety of Oncolytic Virotherapy. Front Oncol 2020; 10:475. [PMID: 32373515 PMCID: PMC7176816 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, oncolytic virotherapy has emerged as a promising anticancer therapy. Oncolytic viruses destroy cancer cells, without damaging normal tissues, through virus self-replication and antitumor immunity responses, showing great potential for cancer treatment. However, the clinical guidelines for administering oncolytic virotherapy remain unclear. Delivery routes for oncolytic virotherapy to patients vary in existing studies, depending on the tumor sites and the objective of studies. Moreover, the biosafety of oncolytic virotherapy, including mainly uncontrolled adverse events and long-term complications, remains a serious concern that needs to be accurately measured. This review provides a comprehensive and detailed overview of the delivery and biosafety of oncolytic virotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shixin Liu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Duoduo Han
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
A Cell ELISA for the quantification of MUC1 mucin (CD227) expressed by cancer cells of epithelial and neuroectodermal origin. Cell Immunol 2015; 298:96-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
5
|
Dai F, Zhang F, Sun D, Zhang ZH, Dong SW, Xu JZ. CTLA4 enhances the osteogenic differentiation of allogeneic human mesenchymal stem cells in a model of immune activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:629-36. [PMID: 26017342 PMCID: PMC4512102 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (allo-MSCs) have recently garnered increasing interest for their broad clinical therapy applications. Despite this, many studies have shown that allo-MSCs are associated with a high rate of graft rejection unless immunosuppressive therapy is administered to control allo-immune responses. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) is a co-inhibitory molecule expressed on T cells that mediates the inhibition of T-cell function. Here, we investigated the osteogenic differentiation potency of allo-MSCs in an activated immune system that mimics the in vivo allo-MSC grafting microenvironment and explored the immunomodulatory role of the helper T cell receptor CTLA4 in this process. We found that MSC osteogenic differentiation was inhibited in the presence of the activated immune response and that overexpression of CTLA4 in allo-MSCs suppressed the immune response and promoted osteogenic differentiation. Our results support the application of CTLA4-overexpressing allo-MSCs in bone tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, National and Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - F Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, National and Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - D Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, National and Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Z H Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, National and Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - S W Dong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - J Z Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, National and Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Oncolytic adenovirus armed with shRNA targeting MYCN gene inhibits neuroblastoma cell proliferation and in vivo xenograft tumor growth. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2013; 139:933-41. [PMID: 23443256 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-013-1406-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE MYCN amplification and p53 inactivation are two typical characteristics of aggressive neuroblastomas and are strongly associated with cancer progression and treatment failure. In an effort to develop new therapeutic agents to treat the aggressive neuroblastomas, we constructed ZD55-shMYCN, an oncolytic adenovirus ZD55 carrying short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting MYCN gene, and investigated the effects on proliferation of the p53-null and MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell line LA1-55N in vitro and in vivo by ZD55-shMYCN. METHODS In this study, we used ZD55-shMYCN to treat p53-null and MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells. To confirm the ability of selective replication of the ZD55-shMYCN, we examined the expression of E1A protein by western blotting. We used quantitative real-time PCR analysis and western blotting analysis to determine the inhibitory effect of ZD55-shMYCN on MYCN expression. MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] cell proliferation assay and xenograft mouse model were used to test the antigrowth efficacy of ZD55-shMYCN. RESULTS The results showed that ZD55-shMYCN selectively replicated and significantly downregulated the MYCN expression in LA1-55N cells. ZD55-shMYCN effectively inhibited the proliferation in LA1-55N cells in vitro and significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo xenograft tumor in nude mice. CONCLUSIONS ZD55-shMYCN provides a novel agent for treating MYCN-amplified and p53-inactive aggressive neuroblastoma, representing a promising approach for further clinical development.
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu XR, Cai Y, Cao X, Wei RC, Li HL, Zhou XM, Zhang KJ, Wu S, Qian QJ, Cheng B, Huang K, Liu XY. A new oncolytic adenoviral vector carrying dual tumour suppressor genes shows potent anti-tumour effect. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:1298-309. [PMID: 21794078 PMCID: PMC3823082 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01396.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer Targeting Gene-Viro-Therapy (CTGVT) is a promising cancer therapeutical strategy that strengthens the anti-tumour effect of oncolytic virus by expressing inserted foreign anti-tumour genes. In this work, we constructed a novel adenoviral vector controlled by the tumour-specific survivin promoter on the basis of the ZD55 vector, which is an E1B55KD gene deleted vector we previously constructed. Compared with the original ZD55 vector, this new adenoviral vector (ZD55SP/E1A) showed much better ability of replication and reporter gene expression. We then combined anti-tumour gene interleukine-24 (IL-24) with an RNA polymerase III-dependent U6 promoter driving short hairpin RNA (shRNA) that targets M-phase phosphoprotein 1 (MPHOSPH1, a newly identified oncogene) by inserting the IL-24 and the shRNA of MPHOSPH1 (shMPP1) expression cassettes into the new ZD55SP/E1A vector. Our results demonstrated excellent anti-tumour effect of ZD55SP/E1A-IL-24-shMPP1 in vitro on multiple cancer cell lines such as lung cancer, liver cancer and ovarian caner. At high multiplicity-of-infection (MOI), ZD55SP/E1A-IL-24-shMPP1 triggered post-mitotic apoptosis in cancer cells by inducing prolonged mitotic arrest; while at low MOI, senescence was induced. More importantly, ZD55SP/E1A-IL-24-shMPP1 also showed excellent anti-tumour effects in vivo on SW620 xenograft nude mice. In conclusion, our strategy of constructing an IL-24 and shMPP1 dual gene expressing oncolytic adenoviral vector, which is regulated by the survivin promoter and E1B55KD deletion, could be a promising method of cancer gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ran Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jiang G, Zhang L, Xin Y, Pei DS, Wei ZP, Liu YQ, Zheng JN. Conditionally replicating adenoviruses carrying mda-7/IL-24 for cancer therapy. Acta Oncol 2012; 51:285-92. [PMID: 21995527 DOI: 10.3109/0284186x.2011.621447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) suppresses growth and induces apoptosis in a broad range of human cancers without significant cytotoxicity to normal cells. Conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAds) not only have the ability to destroy cancer cells but may also be potential vectors for the expression of therapeutic genes. METHODS This review provides an overview of specifications for a novel anti-tumor approach CRAds carrying IL-24, and discusses recent progress in this field. RESULTS Studies in multiple laboratories report that CRAds carrying IL-24 selectively induced apoptosis in some cancer cells, and enhanced selective toxicity to cancer cells when combined with chemotherapeutic agents. CONCLUSION CRAds carrying IL-24 may prove a novel and effective approach for the treatment of cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guan Jiang
- Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu X, Cao X, Wei R, Cai Y, Li H, Gui J, Zhong D, Liu XY, Huang K. Gene-viro-therapy targeting liver cancer by a dual-regulated oncolytic adenoviral vector harboring IL-24 and TRAIL. Cancer Gene Ther 2011; 19:49-57. [PMID: 21979578 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2011.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-targeting gene-viro-therapy is a promising cancer therapeutic strategy that strengthens the antitumor effect of oncolytic viruses by expressing an inserted foreign antitumor gene. To achieve liver cancer targeting and to improve the safety of the ZD55 vector (a widely-used E1B55KD gene-deleted oncolytic adenoviral vector (OV), we previously constructed), we designed a novel OV named Ad·AFP·D55 that selectively replicates in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by replacing the E1A promoter with the liver-cancer specific α-Fetoprotein (AFP) promoter based on the ZD55 vector. We found that the oncolytic adenoviruses Ad·AFP·D55-IL-24 and Ad·AFP·D55-TRAIL express tumor-suppressor gene interleukin-24 (IL-24) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), respectively, significantly suppressed the HCC cell growth in vitro by inducing apoptosis by the caspase-8 and mitochondria-dependent caspase-9 signaling pathways. Furthermore, the combined treatment of Ad·AFP·D55-IL-24 and Ad·AFP·D55-TRAIL showed strong antitumor effects in vivo by significantly inhibiting the tumor growth in HCC HuH-7 cell xenograft mice, and markedly increasing animal survival rate. Therefore, this novel HCC cell-targeting OV carrying tumor-suppressor genes may provide a promising approach for liver cancer gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Liu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cao X, Yang M, Wei RC, Zeng Y, Gu JF, Huang WD, Yang DQ, Li HL, Ding M, Wei N, Zhang KJ, Xu B, Liu XR, Qian QJ, Liu XY. Cancer targeting Gene-Viro-Therapy of liver carcinoma by dual-regulated oncolytic adenovirus armed with TRAIL gene. Gene Ther 2011; 18:765-77. [PMID: 21412282 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2011.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancer is a common and aggressive malignancy, but available treatment approaches remain suboptimal. Cancer targeting Gene-Viro-Therapy (CTGVT) has shown excellent anti-tumor effects in a preclinical study. CTGVT takes advantage of both gene therapy and virotherapy by incorporating an anti-tumor gene into an oncolytic virus vector. Potent anti-tumor activity is achieved by virus replication and exogenous expression of the anti-tumor gene. A dual-regulated oncolytic adenoviral vector designated Ad·AFP·E1A·E1B (Δ55) (Ad·AFP·D55 for short thereafter) was constructed by replacing the native viral E1A promoter with the simian virus 40 enhancer/α-fetoprotein (AFP) composite promoter (AFPep) based on an E1B-55K-deleted construct, ZD55. Ad·AFP·D55 showed specific replication and cytotoxicity in AFP-positive hepatoma cells. It also showed enhanced safety in normal cells when compared with the mono-regulated vector ZD55. To improve the anti-hepatoma activities of the virus, the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) gene was introduced into Ad·AFP·D55. Ad·AFP·D55-TRAIL exhibited remarkable anti-tumor activities in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with Ad·AFP·D55-TRAIL can induce both autophagy owing to the Ad·AFP·D55 vector and caspase-dependent apoptosis owing to the TRAIL protein. Therefore, Ad·AFP·D55-TRAIL could be a potential anti-hepatoma agent with anti-tumor activities due to AFP-specific replication and TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wei N, Fan JK, Gu JF, Liu XY. Double-Regulated Oncolytic Adenovirus-Mediated Interleukin-24 Overexpression Exhibits Potent Antitumor Activity on Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Hum Gene Ther 2010; 21:855-64. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2009.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Na Wei
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jun Kai Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jin Fa Gu
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xin Yuan Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| |
Collapse
|