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Perecko T, Pereckova J, Hoferova Z, Falk M. Cell-type specific anti-cancerous effects of nitro-oleic acid and its combination with gamma irradiation. Biol Chem 2024; 405:177-187. [PMID: 37712609 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitro-fatty acids (NFAs) are endogenous lipid mediators capable of post-translational modifications of selected regulatory proteins. Here, we investigated the anti-cancerous effects of nitro-oleic acid (NO2OA) and its combination with gamma irradiation on different cancer cell lines. The effects of NO2OA on cell death, cell cycle distribution, or expression of p21 and cyclin D1 proteins were analyzed in cancer (A-549, HT-29 and FaDu) or normal cell lines (HGF, HFF-1). Dose enhancement ratio at 50 % survival fraction (DERIC50) was calculated for samples pre-treated with NO2OA followed by gamma irradiation. NO2OA suppressed viability and induced apoptotic cell death. These effects were cell line specific but not in general selective for cancer cells. HT-29 cell line exerted higher sensitivity toward NO2OA treatment among cancer cell lines tested: induction of cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase was associated with an increase in p21 and a decrease in cyclin D1 expression. Pre-treatment of HT-29 cells with NO2OA prior irradiation showed a significantly increased DERIC50, demonstrating radiosensitizing effects. In conclusion, NO2OA exhibited potential for combined chemoradiotherapy. Our results encourage the development of new NFAs with improved features for cancer chemoradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Perecko
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Pereckova
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Hoferova
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Falk
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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2
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Daei S, Ziamajidi N, Abbasalipourkabir R, Khanaki K, Bahreini F. Anticancer Effects of Gold Nanoparticles by Inducing Apoptosis in Bladder Cancer 5637 Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2673-2683. [PMID: 34455542 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02895-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a developing and revolutionary science that has been widely recommended for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Among the various nanoparticles used in nanotechnology, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have attracted much attentions due to their promising anticancer properties. Despite the potential advantages of AuNPs, their apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects have not yet been reported on human bladder cancer 5637 cells. This motivated us to evaluate (reactive oxygen species) ROS-mediated apoptosis in 5637 cells. For this task, inhibitory effect of AuNPs was investigated after 24-h exposure to different concentrations of AuNPs by MTT assay. Also, apoptosis level was assessed by ROS production, flow cytometry, and Hoechst 33,258 staining. Besides, mRNA expression of B-cell lymphoma protein 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X (Bax), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) genes, and caspase-3,7 activity were determined by qRT-PCR and colorimetric assay, respectively. Moreover, migration rate was evaluated by wound healing assay. MTT results demonstrate that AuNPs can reduce 5637-cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, while fluorimetric assay data show significant increased ROS production in 25 and 50 µg/ml-treated cells. It is also observed that AuNPs lead to Bax overexpression and downregulation of Bcl-2 and VEGFA genes. In line with this, flow cytometry results show increased levels of apoptosis in 25 and 50 µg/ml AuNP-treated cells (p < 0.05). Similarly, Hoechst staining indicates a remarkable increase in cells with apoptotic morphology after treating with AuNPs. Overall, our findings show that AuNPs significantly provoke ROS production, induce apoptosis, and suppress cell migration in bladder cancer 5637 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajedeh Daei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Ziamajidi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Roghayeh Abbasalipourkabir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Korosh Khanaki
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bahreini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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3
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A potential strategy for in-stent restenosis: Inhibition of migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells by Cu ion. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 115:111090. [PMID: 32600694 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The in-stent restenosis (ISR) often happens after the implantation of metal stents, including both bare metal stents (BMSs) and drug-eluting stents (DESs). Drug release from DESs could reduce significantly the occurrence of ISR but also suppress the revascularization and cause thrombosis. In this study, the effect of Cu ion in a range of 0 to 500 μM on the migration and proliferation of rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs) was investigated by a series of in vitro experiments including wound-healing assay, cell viability assay and flow cytometric analysis. It has been found that the critical concentration of Cu ion should be at least 250 μM in order to significantly inhibit the migration of RASMCs and the proliferation of RASMCs were impeded by every dose of Cu ion used in this study. In addition, the protein level of caspase-3 was upregulated by 250 μM and 500 μM Cu2+ exposure, which might be the main reason for RASMCs apoptosis. Thus, it is proposed that ISR might be prevented by the constant release of Cu ion.
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4
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Hu L, Huang Z, Ishii H, Wu H, Suzuki S, Inoue A, Kim W, Jiang H, Li X, Zhu E, Piao L, Zhao G, Lei Y, Okumura K, Shi GP, Murohara T, Kuzuya M, Cheng XW. PLF-1 (Proliferin-1) Modulates Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Development of Experimental Intimal Hyperplasia. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e005886. [PMID: 31838975 PMCID: PMC6951060 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.005886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Although apoptosis and cell proliferation have been extensively investigated in atherosclerosis and restenosis postinjury, the communication between these 2 cellular events has not been evaluated. Here, we report an inextricable communicative link between apoptosis and smooth muscle cell proliferation in the promotion of vascular remodeling postinjury. Methods and Results Cathepsin K-mediated caspase-8 maturation is a key initial step for oxidative stress-induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis. Apoptotic cells generate a potential growth-stimulating signal to facilitate cellular mass changes in response to injury. One downstream mediator that cathepsin K regulates is PLF-1 (proliferin-1), which can potently stimulate growth of surviving neighboring smooth muscle cells through activation of PI3K/Akt/p38MAPK (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase)-dependent and -independent mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling cascades. We observed that cathepsin K deficiency substantially mitigated neointimal hyperplasia by reduction of Toll-like receptor-2/caspase-8-mediated PLF-1 expression. Interestingly, PLF-1 blocking, with its neutralizing antibody, suppressed neointima formation and remodeling in response to injury in wild-type mice. Contrarily, administration of recombinant mouse PLF-1 accelerated injury-induced vascular actions. Conclusions This is the first study detailing PLF-1 as a communicator between apoptosis and proliferation during injury-related vascular remodeling and neointimal hyperplasia. These data suggested that apoptosis-driven expression of PLF-1 is thus a novel target for treatment of apoptosis-based hyperproliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Hu
- Department of Public Health Guilin Medical College Guilin Guangxi China.,Department of Cardiology/Hypertension and Heart Center Yanbian University Hospital Yanji Jilin China.,Department of Community & Geriatrics Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Neurology Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu Hukuoka Japan
| | - Hideki Ishii
- Department of Cardiology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Hongxian Wu
- Department of Cardiology Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Susumu Suzuki
- Department of Cardiology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Aiko Inoue
- Department of Community & Geriatrics Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan.,Institute of Innovation for Future Society Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
| | - Weon Kim
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul South Korea
| | - Haiying Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Yanbian University School of Medicine Yanji Jinlin China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Cardiology/Hypertension and Heart Center Yanbian University Hospital Yanji Jilin China
| | - Enbo Zhu
- Department of Cardiology/Hypertension and Heart Center Yanbian University Hospital Yanji Jilin China
| | - Limei Piao
- Department of Cardiology/Hypertension and Heart Center Yanbian University Hospital Yanji Jilin China.,Department of Community & Geriatrics Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Guangxian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology/Hypertension and Heart Center Yanbian University Hospital Yanji Jilin China
| | - Yanna Lei
- Department of Cardiology/Hypertension and Heart Center Yanbian University Hospital Yanji Jilin China
| | - Kenji Okumura
- Department of Cardiology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community & Geriatrics Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan.,Institute of Innovation for Future Society Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology/Hypertension and Heart Center Yanbian University Hospital Yanji Jilin China.,Department of Community & Geriatrics Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan.,Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul South Korea.,Institute of Innovation for Future Society Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
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5
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Ahamed M, Akhtar MJ, Khan MAM, Alrokayan SA, Alhadlaq HA. Oxidative stress mediated cytotoxicity and apoptosis response of bismuth oxide (Bi 2O 3) nanoparticles in human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 216:823-831. [PMID: 30399561 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Bismuth oxide nanoparticles (Bi2O3 NPs) have shown great potential for several applications including cosmetics and biomedicine. However, there is paucity of research on toxicity of Bi2O3 NPs. In this study, we first examined dose-dependent cytotoxicity and apoptosis response of Bi2O3 NPs in human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. We further explored the potential mechanisms of cytotoxicity of Bi2O3 NPs through oxidative stress. Physicochemical study demonstrated that Bi2O3 NPs have crystalline structure and spherical shape with mean size of 97 nm. Toxicity studies have shown that Bi2O3 NPs reduce cell viability and induce membrane damage dose-dependently in the concentration range of 50-300 μg/ml. Bi2O3 NPs also disturbed cell cycle of MCF-7 cells. Oxidative stress response of Bi2O3 NPs was evident by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), higher lipid peroxidation, reduction of glutathione (GSH) and low superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity. Interestingly, supplementation of external antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine almost negated the effect of Bi2O3 NPs induced oxidative stress and cell death. We also found that exposure of Bi2O3 NPs induced apoptotic response in MCF-7 cells suggested by impaired regulation of Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 genes. Altogether, we found that Bi2O3 NPs induced cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells through modulating the redox homeostasis via Bax/Bcl-2 pathway. This study warranted further research to delineate the underlying mechanism of Bi2O3 NPs induced toxicity at in vivo level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maqusood Ahamed
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohd Javed Akhtar
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Majeed Khan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman A Alrokayan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham A Alhadlaq
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Rahmani Kukia N, Rasmi Y, Abbasi A, Koshoridze N, Shirpoor A, Burjanadze G, Saboory E. Bio-Effects of TiO2 Nanoparticles on Human Colorectal Cancer and Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Lines. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:2821-2829. [PMID: 30361551 PMCID: PMC6291037 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.10.2821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Due to the possible biomedical potential of nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs)
have received great attention in cancer research. Although selectivity of cytotoxicity with TiO2 NPs in various cells is
clinically significant comparisons of cancer and non-cancer cells have been limited. Therefore, we here studied exposure
to TiO2 NPs in colorectal cancer cells (CRCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods: After
characterization of TiO2 NPs, culture and treatment of cells (HCT116, HT29 and HUVEC), viability was assessed by
MTT assay and in terms of morphological features. Acridine orange (AO) and propidium iodide (PI) assays were carried
out to estimate the incidence of apoptosis. The RT-PCR method was also employed to evaluate the expression of P53,
Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase 3. Results: Exposure to increasing concentrations of TiO2 NPs enhanced overall cell survival
of HCT116 cells and reduced the Bcl-2 and Caspase 3 expression while the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was down-regulated.
TiO2 NPs at 400 and 50 μg/ml concentrations suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of HT29 cells and
also up-regulated P53 and Bax at the mRNA level, enhanced the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and eventually up-regulated Caspase
3 mRNA. Although, inhibition of cell proliferation in HUVECs was seen at 200 and 400 μg/ml TiO2 NPs, it was not
marked. Conclusion: TiO2 NPs have selective bio-effects on exposed cells with dose- and cell-dependent influence on
viability. Cell proliferation in HCT116 as a metastatic colorectal cancer cell line appeared to be stimulated via multiple
signaling pathways, with promotion of apoptosis in less metastatic cells at 50 and 400 μg/ml concentrations. This was
associated with elevated P53, Bax and Caspase 3 mRNA and reduced Bcl-2 expression. However, TiO2 NPs did not
exert any apparent significant effects on HUVECs as hyperproliferative angiogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Rahmani Kukia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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7
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Anti-inflammatory nitro-fatty acids suppress tumor growth by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in colorectal cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 155:48-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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8
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Ahamed M, Akhtar MJ, Khan MAM, Alhadlaq HA, Alshamsan A. Cobalt iron oxide nanoparticles induce cytotoxicity and regulate the apoptotic genes through ROS in human liver cells (HepG2). Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 148:665-673. [PMID: 27701048 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cobalt iron oxide (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles (CIO NPs) have been one of the most widely explored magnetic NPs because of their excellent chemical stability, mechanical hardness and heat generating potential. However, there is limited information concerning the interaction of CIO NPs with biological systems. In this study, we investigated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated cytotoxicity and apoptotic response of CIO NPs in human liver cells (HepG2). Diameter of crystalline CIO NPs was found to be 23nm with a band gap of 1.97eV. CIO NPs induced cell viability reduction and membrane damage, and degree of induction was dose- and time-dependent. CIO NPs were also found to induce oxidative stress revealed by induction of ROS, depletion of glutathione and lower activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme. Real-time PCR data has shown that mRNA level of tumor suppressor gene p53 and apoptotic genes (bax, CASP3 and CASP9) were higher, while the expression level of anti-apoptotic gene bcl-2 was lower in cells following exposure to CIO NPs. Activity of caspase-3 and caspase-9 enzymes was also higher in CIO NPs exposed cells. Furthermore, co-exposure of N-acetyl-cysteine (ROS scavenger) efficiently abrogated the modulation of apoptotic genes along with the prevention of cytotoxicity caused by CIO NPs. Overall, we observed that CIO NPs induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HepG2 cells through ROS via p53 pathway. This study suggests that toxicity mechanisms of CIO NPs should be further investigated in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maqusood Ahamed
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohd Javed Akhtar
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Majeed Khan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham A Alhadlaq
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aws Alshamsan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Nanomedicine Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Chandrasekaran M, Pandurangan M. In Vitro Selective Anti-Proliferative Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Against Co-Cultured C2C12 Myoblastoma Cancer and 3T3-L1 Normal Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 172:148-154. [PMID: 26563419 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle has been widely used in biomedical applications and cancer therapy and has been reported to induce a selective cytotoxic effect on cancer cell proliferation. The present study investigated the cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles against co-cultured C2C12 myoblastoma cancer cells and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our results showed that the ZnO nanoparticles could be cytotoxic to C2C12 myoblastoma cancer cells than 3T3-L1 cells. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of p53 and bax were significantly increased 114.3 and 118.2 % in the C2C12 cells, whereas 42.5 and 40 % were increased in 3T3-L1 cells, respectively. The mRNA expression of bcl-2 was reduced 38.2 and 28.5 % in the C2C12 and 3T3-L1 cells, respectively, whereas the mRNA expression of caspase-3 was increased 80.7 and 51.6 % in the C2C12 and 3T3-L1 cells, respectively. The protein expressions of p53, bax, and caspase-3 were significantly increased 40, 81.8, and 80 % in C2C12 cells, whereas 20.3, 28.2, and 37.9 % were increased in 3T3-L1 cells, respectively. The mRNA expression of bcl-2 was significantly reduced 32.2 and 22.7 % in C2C12 and 3T3-L1 cells, respectively. Caspase-3 enzyme activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased in co-cultured C2C12 cells compared to 3T3-L1 cells. Taking all these data together, it may suggest that ZnO nanoparticles severely induce apoptosis in C2C12 myoblastoma cancer cells than 3T3-L1 cells.
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Suliman Y AO, Ali D, Alarifi S, Harrath AH, Mansour L, Alwasel SH. Evaluation of cytotoxic, oxidative stress, proinflammatory and genotoxic effect of silver nanoparticles in human lung epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:149-160. [PMID: 23804405 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles are increasingly used in various products, due to their antibacterial properties. Despite its wide spread use, only little information on possible adverse health effects exists. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the toxic potential of silver nanoparticles (<100 nm) in human lung epithelial (A549) cells and the underlying mechanism of its cellular toxicity. Silver nanoparticles induced dose and time-dependent cytotoxicity in A549 cells demonstrated by MTT and LDH assays. Silver nanoparticles were also found to induce oxidative stress in dose and time-dependent manner indicated by depletion of GSH and induction of ROS, LPO, SOD, and catalase. Further, the activities of caspases and the level of proinflammatory cytokines, namely interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly higher in treated cells. DNA damage, as measured by single cell gel electrophoresis, was also dose and time-dependent signicants in A549 cells. This study investigating the effects of silver nanoparticles in human lung epithelial cells has provided valuable insights into the mechanism of potential toxicity induced by silver nanoparticles and warrants more careful assessment of silver nanoparticles before their industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Omar Suliman Y
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Wang H, Ouyang H, Tian Y, Li Z, Han X, Liu X, Ran G, Wang G, Pang D, Tang X. Nitro-oleic acid decreases transcription of the angiotensin II type I receptor gene in aortic smooth muscle cells. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-014-0255-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Akhtar MJ, Ahamed M, Khan MAM, Alrokayan SA, Ahmad I, Kumar S. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction by nanoscale talc particles from two different geographical regions in human lung epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:394-406. [PMID: 22331707 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We have characterized the physicochemical properties of nanotalc particles from two different geographical regions and examined their toxicity mechanisms in human lung epithelial (A549) cells. Indigenous nanotalc (IN) of Indian origin and commercial nanotalc (CN) of American origin were used in this study. Physicochemical properties of nanotalc particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Results showed that both IN and CN particles significantly induce cytotoxicity and alteration in cell cycle phases. Both IN and CN particles were found to induce oxidative stress indicated by induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and depletion of antioxidant levels. DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 enzyme activation due to IN and CN particles exposure were also observed. We further showed that after iron chelation, IN and CN particles produce significantly less cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity to A549 cells as compared with nonchelated particles. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that redox active iron plays significant role in the toxicity of IN and CN particles, which may be mediated through ROS generation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Javed Akhtar
- Fibre Toxicology Division, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, India; Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
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Jiang H, Yu P, Qian DH, Qin ZX, Sun XJ, Yu J, Huang L. Hydrogen-rich medium suppresses the generation of reactive oxygen species, elevates the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and inhibits advanced glycation end product-induced apoptosis. Int J Mol Med 2013; 31:1381-7. [PMID: 23563626 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether using hydrogen-rich medium (HRM) to increase hydrogen levels in endothelial cells (ECs) protects ECs from apoptosis induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The thoracic aorta was removed from 2-3-year-old Sprague-Dawley rats, and ECs were isolated and cultured. After culturing ECs in the presence of AGEs and/or with HRM for 24 h, Annexin V/7-AAD and TUNEL staining were carried out to detect apoptosis. Intracellular ROS were detected by fluorescent probe and quantified by flow cytometry. The expression of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase) was determined by real-time PCR analysis and enzymatic assay. The relative expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax were analyzed by western blotting. The addition of AGEs increased the apoptosis of ECs in a concentration-dependent manner and HRM reduced the AGE (400 µg/ml)-induced apoptosis from 21.61±2.52 to 11.32±1.75%. HRM also significantly attenuated the AGE-induced intracellular ROS induction and decrease in the expression of antioxidative enzymes. In conclusion, hydrogen exhibits significant protective effects against AGE-induced EC injury possibly through reducing ROS generation, intracellular antioxidant enzyme system protection and elevation of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jiang
- Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Hu P, Wang T, Xu Q, Chang Y, Tu H, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Xu Y, Yang J, Yuan H, Hu F, Zhu X. Genotoxicity evaluation of stearic acid grafted chitosan oligosaccharide nanomicelles. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2013; 751:116-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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15
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Yang J, Dong J, Lü X, Zhang Q, Ding W, Shi X. Ethylenediamine: A Highly Effective Catalyst for One-Pot Synthesis of Aryl Nitroalkenes via Henry Reaction and Dehydration. CHINESE J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201201094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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The Nitrated Fatty Acid 10-Nitro-oleate Diminishes Severity of LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice. PPAR Res 2012; 2012:617063. [PMID: 22919366 PMCID: PMC3423963 DOI: 10.1155/2012/617063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammatory condition culminating in respiratory failure. There is currently no effective pharmacological treatment. Nitrated fatty acids (NFAs) have been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects. We therefore hypothesized that delivery of NFAs directly to the site of inflammation would reduce the severity of ALI. Pulmonary delivery of 10-nitro-oleate following endotoxin-induced ALI in mice reduced markers of lung inflammation and injury, including capillary leakage, lung edema, infiltration of neutrophils into the lung, and oxidant stress, as well as plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Nitro-oleate delivery likewise downregulated expression of proinflammatory genes by alveolar macrophages, key cells in regulation of lung inflammation. These effects may be accounted for by the observed increases in the activity of PPAR-γ and the PPAR-γ-induced antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2, together with the decreased activity of NF-κB. Our results demonstrate that pulmonary delivery of NFAs reduces severity of acute lung injury and suggest potential utility of these molecules in other inflammatory lung diseases.
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Dushkin MI. Macrophage/foam cell is an attribute of inflammation: Mechanisms of formation and functional role. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2012; 77:327-38. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297912040025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Akhtar MJ, Ahamed M, Kumar S, Khan MM, Ahmad J, Alrokayan SA. Zinc oxide nanoparticles selectively induce apoptosis in human cancer cells through reactive oxygen species. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:845-57. [PMID: 22393286 PMCID: PMC3289443 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s29129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have received much attention for their implications in cancer therapy. It has been reported that ZnO NPs induce selective killing of cancer cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms behind the anticancer response of ZnO NPs remain unclear. Methods and results We investigated the cytotoxicity of ZnO NPs against three types of cancer cells (human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2, human lung adenocarcinoma A549, and human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B) and two primary rat cells (astrocytes and hepatocytes). Results showed that ZnO NPs exert distinct effects on mammalian cell viability via killing of all three types of cancer cells while posing no impact on normal rat astrocytes and hepatocytes. The toxicity mechanisms of ZnO NPs were further investigated using human liver cancer HepG2 cells. Both the mRNA and protein levels of tumor suppressor gene p53 and apoptotic gene bax were upregulated while the antiapoptotic gene bcl-2 was downregulated in ZnO NP-treated HepG2 cells. ZnO NPs were also found to induce activity of caspase-3 enzyme, DNA fragmentation, reactive oxygen species generation, and oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Conclusion Overall, our data demonstrated that ZnO NPs selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells, which is likely to be mediated by reactive oxygen species via p53 pathway, through which most of the anticancer drugs trigger apoptosis. This study provides preliminary guidance for the development of liver cancer therapy using ZnO NPs.
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Ahamed M, Akhtar MJ, Siddiqui MA, Ahmad J, Musarrat J, Al-Khedhairy AA, AlSalhi MS, Alrokayan SA. Oxidative stress mediated apoptosis induced by nickel ferrite nanoparticles in cultured A549 cells. Toxicology 2011; 283:101-8. [PMID: 21382431 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Revised: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Due to the interesting magnetic and electrical properties with good chemical and thermal stabilities, nickel ferrite nanoparticles are being utilized in many applications including magnetic resonance imaging, drug delivery and hyperthermia. Recent studies have shown that nickel ferrite nanoparticles produce cytotoxicity in mammalian cells. However, there is very limited information concerning the toxicity of nickel ferrite nanoparticles at the cellular and molecular level. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and apoptosis induction by well-characterized nickel ferrite nanoparticles (size 26 nm) in human lung epithelial (A549) cells. Nickel ferrite nanoparticles induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity in A549 cells demonstrated by MTT, NRU and LDH assays. Nickel ferrite nanoparticles were also found to induce oxidative stress evidenced by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depletion of antioxidant glutathione (GSH). Further, co-treatment with the antioxidant L-ascorbic acid mitigated the ROS generation and GSH depletion due to nickel ferrite nanoparticles suggesting the potential mechanism of oxidative stress. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that following the exposure of A549 cells to nickel ferrite nanoparticles, the level of mRNA expressions of cell cycle checkpoint protein p53 and apoptotic proteins (bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9) were significantly up-regulated, whereas the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins (survivin and bcl-2) were down-regulated. Moreover, activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 enzymes were also significantly higher in nickel ferrite nanoparticles exposed cells. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report showing that nickel ferrite nanoparticles induced apoptosis in A549 cells through ROS generation and oxidative stress via p53, survivin, bax/bcl-2 and caspase pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maqusood Ahamed
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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