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Bujdoso R, Smith A, Fleck O, Spiropoulos J, Andréoletti O, Thackray AM. Prion disease modelled in Drosophila. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 392:47-62. [PMID: 35092497 PMCID: PMC10113284 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03586-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPrion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative conditions of humans and various vertebrate species that are transmissible between individuals of the same or different species. A novel infectious moiety referred to as a prion is considered responsible for transmission of these conditions. Prion replication is believed to be the cause of the neurotoxicity that arises during prion disease pathogenesis. The prion hypothesis predicts that the transmissible prion agent consists of PrPSc, which is comprised of aggregated misfolded conformers of the normal host protein PrPC. It is important to understand the biology of transmissible prions and to identify genetic modifiers of prion-induced neurotoxicity. This information will underpin the development of therapeutic and control strategies for human and animal prion diseases. The most reliable method to detect prion infectivity is by in vivo transmission in a suitable experimental host, which to date have been mammalian species. Current prion bioassays are slow, cumbersome and relatively insensitive to low titres of prion infectivity, and do not lend themselves to rapid genetic analysis of prion disease. Here, we provide an overview of our novel studies that have led to the establishment of Drosophila melanogaster, a genetically well-defined invertebrate host, as a sensitive, versatile and economically viable animal model for the detection of mammalian prion infectivity and genetic modifiers of prion-induced toxicity.
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Prasad V, Wasser Y, Hans F, Goswami A, Katona I, Outeiro TF, Kahle PJ, Schulz JB, Voigt A. Monitoring α-synuclein multimerization in vivo. FASEB J 2018; 33:2116-2131. [PMID: 30252534 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800148rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn), eventually resulting in the formation of Lewy bodies and neurites in surviving neurons in the brain. Although α-Syn aggregation has been extensively studied in vitro, there is limited in vivo knowledge on α-Syn aggregation. Here, we used the powerful genetics of Drosophila melanogaster and developed an in vivo assay to monitor α-Syn accumulation by using a bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay. We found that both genetic and pharmacologic manipulations affected α-Syn accumulation. Interestingly, we also found that alterations in the cellular protein degradation mechanisms strongly influenced α-Syn accumulation. Administration of compounds identified as risk factors for Parkinson's disease, such as rotenone or heavy metal ions, had only mild or even no impact on α-Syn accumulation in vivo. Finally, we show that increasing phosphorylation of α-Syn at serine 129 enhances the accumulation and toxicity of α-Syn. Altogether, our study establishes a novel model to study α-Syn accumulation and illustrates the complexity of manipulating proteostasis in vivo.-Prasad, V., Wasser, Y., Hans, F., Goswami, A., Katona, I., Outeiro, T. F., Kahle, P. J., Schulz, J. B., Voigt, A. Monitoring α-synuclein multimerization in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibha Prasad
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yasmine Wasser
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Friederike Hans
- Laboratory of Functional Neurogenetics, Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anand Goswami
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Istvan Katona
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tiago F Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center of Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom; and
| | - Philipp J Kahle
- Laboratory of Functional Neurogenetics, Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jörg B Schulz
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance (JARA)-Brain Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Aaron Voigt
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance (JARA)-Brain Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Nguyen P, Kim AY, Jung JK, Donahue KM, Jung C, Choi MY, Koh YH. The Biochemical Adaptations of Spotted Wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) to Fresh Fruits Reduced Fructose Concentrations and Glutathione-S Transferase Activities. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 109:973-981. [PMID: 26921228 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tow019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, is an invasive and economically damaging pest in Europe and North America. The females have a serrated ovipositor that enables them to infest almost all ripening small fruits. To understand the physiological and metabolic basis of spotted wing drosophila food preferences for healthy ripening fruits, we investigated the biological and biochemical characteristics of spotted wing drosophila and compared them with those of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen. We found that the susceptibility to oxidative stressors was significantly increased in spotted wing drosophila compared with those of D. melanogaster. In addition, we found that spotted wing drosophila had significantly reduced glutathione-S transferase (GST) activity and gene numbers. Furthermore, fructose concentrations found in spotted wing drosophila were significantly lower than those of D. melanogaster. Our data strongly suggest that the altered food preferences of spotted wing drosophila may stem from evolutionary adaptations to fresh foods accompanied by alterations in carbohydrate metabolism and GST activities.
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Johnston BA, Hooks KB, McKinstry M, Snow JW. Divergent forms of endoplasmic reticulum stress trigger a robust unfolded protein response in honey bees. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 86:1-10. [PMID: 26699660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Honey bee colonies in the United States have suffered from an increased rate of die-off in recent years, stemming from a complex set of interacting stresses that remain poorly described. While we have some understanding of the physiological stress responses in the honey bee, our molecular understanding of honey bee cellular stress responses is incomplete. Thus, we sought to identify and began functional characterization of the components of the UPR in honey bees. The IRE1-dependent splicing of the mRNA for the transcription factor Xbp1, leading to translation of an isoform with more transactivation potential, represents the most conserved of the UPR pathways. Honey bees and other Apoidea possess unique features in the Xbp1 mRNA splice site, which we reasoned could have functional consequences for the IRE1 pathway. However, we find robust induction of target genes upon UPR stimulation. In addition, the IRE1 pathway activation, as assessed by splicing of Xbp1 mRNA upon UPR, is conserved. By providing foundational knowledge about the UPR in the honey bee and the relative sensitivity of this species to divergent stresses, this work stands to improve our understanding of the mechanistic underpinnings of honey bee health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A Johnston
- Biology Department, Barnard College, New York, NY 10027, USA; Biology Department, The City College of New York - CUNY, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Katarzyna B Hooks
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; U1053 INSERM, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - Mia McKinstry
- Biology Department, Barnard College, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jonathan W Snow
- Biology Department, Barnard College, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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Steinert JR. Prion protein as a mediator of synaptic transmission. Commun Integr Biol 2015; 8:e1063753. [PMID: 26478992 PMCID: PMC4594542 DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2015.1063753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by synaptic and neuronal dysfunction which precedes general neuronal loss and subsequent cognitive or behavioral anomalies. Although the exact early cellular signaling mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative diseases are largely unknown, a view is emerging that compromised synaptic function may underlie the initial steps in disease progression. Much recent research has been aimed at understanding these early underlying processes leading to dysfunctional synaptic signaling, as this knowledge could identify putative sites of interventions, which could potentially slow progression and delay onset of disease. We have recently reported that synaptic function in a Drosophila melanogaster model can be modulated by the presence of native mouse prion protein and this modulation is negatively affected by a mutation within the protein which is associated with the Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome, a human form of prion disease. Indeed, wild-type prion protein facilitates synaptic release, whereas the mutated form induced diminished phenotypes. It is believed that together with the gain-of-function of neurotoxic misfolded prion signaling, the lack of prion protein contributes to the pathology in prion diseases. Therefore, our study investigated a potential endogenous role of prion protein in synaptic signaling, the lack of which could resemble a lack-of-function phenotype in prion disease.
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Kim AY, Seo JB, Kim WT, Choi HJ, Kim SY, Morrow G, Tanguay RM, Steller H, Koh YH. The pathogenic human Torsin A in Drosophila activates the unfolded protein response and increases susceptibility to oxidative stress. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:338. [PMID: 25903460 PMCID: PMC4415242 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dystonia1 (DYT1) dystonia is caused by a glutamic acid deletion (ΔE) mutation in the gene encoding Torsin A in humans (HTorA). To investigate the unknown molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying DYT1 dystonia, we performed an unbiased proteomic analysis. Results We found that the amount of proteins and transcripts of an Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident chaperone Heat shock protein cognate 3 (HSC3) and a mitochondria chaperone Heat Shock Protein 22 (HSP22) were significantly increased in the HTorAΔE– expressing brains compared to the normal HTorA (HTorAWT) expressing brains. The physiological consequences included an increased susceptibility to oxidative and ER stress compared to normal HTorAWT flies. The alteration of transcripts of Inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (IRE1)-dependent spliced X box binding protein 1(Xbp1), several ER chaperones, a nucleotide exchange factor, Autophagy related protein 8b (ATG8b) and components of the ER associated degradation (ERAD) pathway and increased expression of the Xbp1-enhanced Green Fluorescence Protein (eGFP) in HTorAΔE brains strongly indicated the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). In addition, perturbed expression of the UPR sensors and inducers in the HTorAΔEDrosophila brains resulted in a significantly reduced life span of the flies. Furthermore, the types and quantities of proteins present in the anti-HSC3 positive microsomes in the HTorAΔE brains were different from those of the HTorAWT brains. Conclusion Taken together, these data show that HTorAΔE in Drosophila brains may activate the UPR and increase the expression of HSP22 to compensate for the toxic effects caused by HTorAΔE in the brains. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1518-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Young Kim
- ILSONG Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, 1605-4 Gwanyangdong, Dongan-gu, Anyang, Gyeonggido, 431-060, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 200-702, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Bok Seo
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Tae Kim
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-707, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee Jeong Choi
- ILSONG Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, 1605-4 Gwanyangdong, Dongan-gu, Anyang, Gyeonggido, 431-060, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 200-702, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo-Young Kim
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea.
| | - Genevieve Morrow
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry & Pathology, Université Laval, Québec, Qc, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Robert M Tanguay
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry & Pathology, Université Laval, Québec, Qc, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Hermann Steller
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Young Ho Koh
- ILSONG Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, 1605-4 Gwanyangdong, Dongan-gu, Anyang, Gyeonggido, 431-060, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 200-702, Republic of Korea.
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Robinson SW, Nugent ML, Dinsdale D, Steinert JR. Prion protein facilitates synaptic vesicle release by enhancing release probability. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:4581-96. [PMID: 24722203 PMCID: PMC4119408 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) has been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases as a result of protein misfolding. In humans, prion disease occurs typically with a sporadic origin where uncharacterized mechanisms induce spontaneous PrP(C) misfolding leading to neurotoxic PrP-scrapie formation (PrP(SC)). The consequences of misfolded PrP(C) signalling are well characterized but little is known about the physiological roles of PrP(C) and its involvement in disease. Here we investigated wild-type PrP(C) signalling in synaptic function as well as the effects of a disease-relevant mutation within PrP(C) (proline-to-leucine mutation at codon 101). Expression of wild-type PrP(C) at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction leads to enhanced synaptic responses as detected in larger miniature synaptic currents which are caused by enlarged presynaptic vesicles. The expression of the mutated PrP(C) leads to reduction of both parameters compared with wild-type PrP(C). Wild-type PrP(C) enhances synaptic release probability and quantal content but reduces the size of the ready-releasable vesicle pool. Partially, these changes are not detectable following expression of the mutant PrP(C). A behavioural test revealed that expression of either protein caused an increase in locomotor activities consistent with enhanced synaptic release and stronger muscle contractions. Both proteins were sensitive to proteinase digestion. These data uncover new functions of wild-type PrP(C) at the synapse with a disease-relevant mutation in PrP(C) leading to diminished functional phenotypes. Thus, our data present essential new information possibly related to prion pathogenesis in which a functional synaptic role of PrP(C) is compromised due to its advanced conversion into PrP(SC) thereby creating a lack-of-function scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan W Robinson
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Marie L Nugent
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - David Dinsdale
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Joern R Steinert
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
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A proautophagic antiviral role for the cellular prion protein identified by infection with a herpes simplex virus 1 ICP34.5 mutant. J Virol 2013; 87:5882-94. [PMID: 23487467 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02559-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular prion protein (PrP) often plays a cytoprotective role by regulating autophagy in response to cell stress. The stress of infection with intracellular pathogens can stimulate autophagy, and autophagic degradation of pathogens can reduce their replication and thus help protect the infected cells. PrP also restricts replication of several viruses, but whether this activity is related to an effect on autophagy is not known. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) effectively counteracts autophagy through binding of its ICP34.5 protein to the cellular proautophagy protein beclin-1. Autophagy can reduce replication of an HSV-1 mutant, Δ68H, which is incapable of binding beclin-1. We found that deletion of PrP in mice complements the attenuation of Δ68H, restoring its capacity to replicate in the central nervous system (CNS) to wild-type virus levels after intracranial or corneal infection. Cultured primary astrocytes but not neurons derived from PrP(-/-) mice also complemented the attenuation of Δ68H, enabling Δ68H to replicate at levels equivalent to wild-type virus. Ultrastructural analysis showed that normal astrocytes exhibited an increase in the number of autophagosomes after infection with Δ68H compared with wild-type virus, but PrP(-/-) astrocytes failed to induce autophagy in response to Δ68H infection. Redistribution of EGFP-LC3 into punctae occurred more frequently in normal astrocytes infected with Δ68H than with wild-type virus, but not in PrP(-/-) astrocytes, corroborating the ultrastructural analysis results. Our results demonstrate that PrP is critical for inducing autophagy in astrocytes in response to HSV-1 infection and suggest that PrP positively regulates autophagy in the mouse CNS.
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Zhang L, Wang J, Xie XQ, Keyhani NO, Feng MG, Ying SH. The autophagy gene BbATG5, involved in the formation of the autophagosome, contributes to cell differentiation and growth but is dispensable for pathogenesis in the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. Microbiology (Reading) 2013. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.062646-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Xue-Qin Xie
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Nemat O. Keyhani
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ming-Guang Feng
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Sheng-Hua Ying
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
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Min SK, Koh YH, Park Y, Kim HJ, Seo J, Park HR, Cho SJ, Kim IS. Expression of HAT1 and HDAC1, 2, 3 in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas, Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas, and NK/T-Cell Lymphomas. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 46:142-50. [PMID: 23109994 PMCID: PMC3479788 DOI: 10.4132/koreanjpathol.2012.46.2.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Revised: 03/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background It has generally been proven that histone acetylation and deacetylation are involved in the malignant transformation. To date, however, this has rarely been studied in cases of malignant lymphoma. Methods We studied nine cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, 78 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 13 cases of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS), and 13 cases of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (NKTCL). Thus, we attempted to elucidate the associations of the degree of the expression of histone acetyltransferase 1 (HAT1), histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1, HDAC2, and HDAC3 with the clinical behaviors of above malignant lymphomas using the immunohistochemistry and a western blot analysis. Results The degree of the expression of HAT1 was higher in cases of DLBCL, PTCL-NOS or NKTCL as compared with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (p<0.05). The degree of the expression of HAT1 was correlated with that of HDAC1 in cases of DLBCL or NKTCL (p<0.05). The degree of the expression of HAT1 and HDAC1 was correlated with a poor survival in cases of DLBCL or PTCL-NOS (p>0.05). Conclusions HAT1, HDAC1, and HDAC2 play a critical role in the development of malignant lymphomas. Both HAT1 and HDAC1 might be indicators for a poor prognosis in cases of DLBCL as cooperating factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Kee Min
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
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Chung JH, Choi HJ, Kim SY, Hong KS, Min SK, Nam MH, Kim CW, Koh YH, Seo JB. Proteomic and biochemical analyses reveal the activation of unfolded protein response, ERK-1/2 and ribosomal protein S6 signaling in experimental autoimmune myocarditis rat model. BMC Genomics 2011; 12:520. [PMID: 22014063 PMCID: PMC3209477 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-12-520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the molecular and cellular pathogenesis underlying myocarditis, we used an experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM)-induced heart failure rat model that represents T cell mediated postinflammatory heart disorders. RESULTS By performing unbiased 2-dimensional electrophoresis of protein extracts from control rat heart tissues and EAM rat heart tissues, followed by nano-HPLC-ESI-QIT-MS, 67 proteins were identified from 71 spots that exhibited significantly altered expression levels. The majority of up-regulated proteins were confidently associated with unfolded protein responses (UPR), while the majority of down-regulated proteins were involved with the generation of precursor metabolites and energy metabolism in mitochondria. Although there was no difference in AKT signaling between EAM rat heart tissues and control rat heart tissues, the amounts and activities of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 and ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) were significantly increased. By comparing our data with the previously reported myocardial proteome of the Coxsackie viruses of group B (CVB)-mediated myocarditis model, we found that UPR-related proteins were commonly up-regulated in two murine myocarditis models. Even though only two out of 29 down-regulated proteins in EAM rat heart tissues were also dysregulated in CVB-infected rat heart tissues, other proteins known to be involved with the generation of precursor metabolites and energy metabolism in mitochondria were also dysregulated in CVB-mediated myocarditis rat heart tissues, suggesting that impairment of mitochondrial functions may be a common underlying mechanism of the two murine myocarditis models. CONCLUSIONS UPR, ERK-1/2 and S6RP signaling were activated in both EAM- and CVB-induced myocarditis murine models. Thus, the conserved components of signaling pathways in two murine models of acute myocarditis could be targets for developing new therapeutic drugs or methods aimed at treating enigmatic myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hee Chung
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
- BK21 School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Choi
- ILSONG Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, 1605-4 Gwanyangdong, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 431-060, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Kim
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Soo Hong
- Division of MR Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongwon 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Kee Min
- Department of Pathology, Hallym Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical School, 1605-4 Gwanyangdong, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 431-060, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hee Nam
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Wha Kim
- BK21 School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Koh
- ILSONG Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, 1605-4 Gwanyangdong, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 431-060, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Bok Seo
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
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