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Thaman J, Pal RS, Chaitanya MVNL, Yanadaiah P, Thangavelu P, Sharma S, Amoateng P, Arora S, Sivasankaran P, Pandey P, Mazumder A. Reconciling the Gap between Medications and their Potential Leads: The Role of Marine Metabolites in the Discovery of New Anticancer Drugs: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:3137-3153. [PMID: 38031774 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128272025231106071447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
One-third of people will be diagnosed with cancer at some point in their lives, making it the second leading cause of death globally each year after cardiovascular disease. The complex anticancer molecular mechanisms have been understood clearly with the advent of improved genomic, proteomic, and bioinformatics. Our understanding of the complex interplay between numerous genes and regulatory genetic components within cells explaining how this might lead to malignant phenotypes has greatly expanded. It was discovered that epigenetic resistance and a lack of multitargeting drugs were highlighted as major barriers to cancer treatment, spurring the search for innovative anticancer treatments. It was discovered that epigenetic resistance and a lack of multitargeting drugs were highlighted as major barriers to cancer treatment, spurring the search for innovative anticancer treatments. Many popular anticancer drugs, including irinotecan, vincristine, etoposide, and paclitaxel, have botanical origins. Actinomycin D and mitomycin C come from bacteria, while bleomycin and curacin come from marine creatures. However, there is a lack of research evaluating the potential of algae-based anticancer treatments, especially in terms of their molecular mechanisms. Despite increasing interest in the former, and the promise of the compounds to treat tumours that have been resistant to existing treatment, pharmaceutical development of these compounds has lagged. Thus, the current review focuses on the key algal sources that have been exploited as anticancer therapeutic leads, including their biological origins, phytochemistry, and the challenges involved in converting such leads into effective anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janvee Thaman
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144402, India
| | - Rashmi Saxena Pal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144402, India
| | | | - Palakurthi Yanadaiah
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144402, India
| | - Prabha Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Nandha College of Pharmacy, Affiliated to The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Erode 638052, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sarika Sharma
- Department of Sponsored Research, Division of Research & Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144402, India
| | - Patrick Amoateng
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Smriti Arora
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Ponnusankar Sivasankaran
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy (JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research), Rocklands, Ooty 643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pratibha Pandey
- Department of Life Sciences, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, Gautam Buddh Nagar, 19, Knowledge Park-II, 22, Institutional Area, Greater Noida 201306, India
| | - Avijit Mazumder
- School of Pharmacy, Niet Pharmacy Institute c Block, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology (Pharmacy Institute), 24 Gautam Buddh Nagar, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida 201306, India
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Harihar S, Mone N, Satpute SK, Chadar D, Chakravarty D, Weyhermüller T, Butcher RJ, Salunke-Gawali S. Metal complexes of a pro-vitamin K3 analog phthiocol (2-hydroxy-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione): synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:17338-17353. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02748h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Anticancer activity of geometrical isomers of phthiocol complexes are evaluated against MCF-7 and A549 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shital Harihar
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nishigandha Mone
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Surekha K. Satpute
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dattatray Chadar
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Debamitra Chakravarty
- Central Instrumentation Facility, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Thomas Weyhermüller
- MPI für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Ray J. Butcher
- Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington, D.C., 20059, USA
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Lemos BC, Westphal R, Filho EV, Fiorot RG, Carneiro JWM, Gomes ACC, Guimarães CJ, de Oliveira FCE, Costa PMS, Pessoa C, Greco SJ. Synthetic enamine naphthoquinone derived from lawsone as cytotoxic agents assessed by in vitro and in silico evaluations. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 53:128419. [PMID: 34715305 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized ten enamine naphthoquinones with yields ranging from 43 to 76%. These compounds were screened for their in vitro antiproliferative activities by MTT assay against four types of human cancer cell lines: HCT116, PC3, HL60 and SNB19. The naphthoquinones bearing the picolylamine (7) and quinoline (12) moieties were the most actives (IC50 < 24 μM for all the cell lines), which were comparable or better to the values obtained for the control drugs. In silico evaluations allowed us to develop a qualitative Structure-Activity Relationship which suggest that electrostatic features, particularly the C2-C3 internuclear repulsion and the molecular dipole moment, relate to the biological response. Furthermore, Molecular Docking simulations indicate that the synthetic compounds have the potential to act as anticancer molecules by inhibiting topoisomerase-II and thymidylate synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara C Lemos
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo CEP.:29075-910, Brazil
| | - Regina Westphal
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo CEP.:29075-910, Brazil
| | - Eclair Venturini Filho
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo CEP.:29075-910, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo G Fiorot
- Chemistry Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Outeiro de São João Batista, 24020-141 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Walkimar M Carneiro
- Chemistry Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Outeiro de São João Batista, 24020-141 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anne Caroline C Gomes
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro, Campus Realengo, Rio de Janeiro CEP.: 21715-000, Brazil
| | - Celina J Guimarães
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará., Fortaleza, Ceará CEP.: 60430-275, Brazil; Pharmacy Sector, Foundation of Oncology Control of the state of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas CEP.: 69040-010, Brazil
| | - Fátima C E de Oliveira
- Pharmacy Sector, Foundation of Oncology Control of the state of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas CEP.: 69040-010, Brazil
| | - Pedro Mikael S Costa
- Pharmacy Sector, Foundation of Oncology Control of the state of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas CEP.: 69040-010, Brazil
| | - Claudia Pessoa
- Pharmacy Sector, Foundation of Oncology Control of the state of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas CEP.: 69040-010, Brazil
| | - Sandro J Greco
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo CEP.:29075-910, Brazil.
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Baglini E, Salerno S, Barresi E, Robello M, Da Settimo F, Taliani S, Marini AM. Multiple Topoisomerase I (TopoI), Topoisomerase II (TopoII) and Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterase (TDP) inhibitors in the development of anticancer drugs. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 156:105594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Hopkins MD, Abebe FA, Scott KA, Ozmer GL, Sheir AA, Schroeder LJ, Sheaff RJ, Lamar AA. Synthesis and identification of heteroaromatic N-benzyl sulfonamides as potential anticancer agents. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8391-8402. [PMID: 31469373 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01694e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonamides are a crucial class of bioisosteres that are prevalent in a wide range of pharmaceuticals, however, the available methods for their production directly from heteroaryl aldehyde reagents remains surprisingly limited. A new approach for regioselective incorporation of a sulfonamide unit to heteroarene scaffolds has been developed and is reported within. As a result, a variety of primary benzylic N-alkylsulfonamides have been prepared via a two-step (one pot) formation from the in situ reduction of an intermediate N-sulfonyl imine under mild, practical conditions. The compounds have been screened against a variety of cell lines for cytotoxicity effects using a Cell Titer Blue assay. The cell viability investigation identifies a subset of N-benzylic sulfonamides derived from the indole scaffold to be targeted for further development into novel molecules with potential therapeutic value. The most cytotoxic of the compounds prepared, AAL-030, exhibited higher potency than other well-known anticancer agents Indisulam and ABT-751.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan D Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA.
| | - Felagot A Abebe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA.
| | - Kristina A Scott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA.
| | - Garett L Ozmer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA.
| | - Alec A Sheir
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA.
| | - Lucas J Schroeder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA.
| | - Robert J Sheaff
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA.
| | - Angus A Lamar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA.
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Gokmen Z, Onan ME, Deniz NG, Karakas D, Ulukaya E. Synthesis and investigation of cytotoxicity of new N- and S,S-substituted-1,4-naphthoquinone (1,4-NQ) derivatives on selected cancer lines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1655057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeliha Gokmen
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erdi Onan
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nahide Gulsah Deniz
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Didem Karakas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Engin Ulukaya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical School, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Futuro DO, Ferreira PG, Nicoletti CD, Borba-Santos LP, Silva FCDA, Rozental S, Ferreira VF. The Antifungal Activity of Naphthoquinones: An Integrative Review. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018; 90:1187-1214. [PMID: 29873671 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820170815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Naphthoquinones are the most commonly occurring type of quinones in nature. They are a diverse family of secondary metabolites that occur naturally in plants, lichens and various microorganisms. This subgroup is constantly being expanded through the discovery of new natural products and by the synthesis of new compounds via innovative techniques. Interest in quinones and the search for new biological activities within the members of this class have intensified in recent years, as evidenced by the evaluation of the potential antimicrobial activities of quinones. Among fungi of medical interest, yeasts of the genus Candida are of extreme importance due to their high frequency of colonization and infection in humans. The objective of this review is to describe the development of naphthoquinones as antifungals for the treatment of Candida species and to note the most promising compounds. By using certain criteria for selection of publications, 68 reports involving both synthetic and natural naphthoquinones are discussed. The activities of a large number of substances were evaluated against Candida albicans as well as against 7 other species of the genus Candida. The results discussed in this review allowed the identification of 30 naphthoquinones with higher antifungal activities than those of the currently used drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora O Futuro
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia G Ferreira
- PPGCAPS, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Caroline D Nicoletti
- PPGCAPS, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luana P Borba-Santos
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernando C DA Silva
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sonia Rozental
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vitor Francisco Ferreira
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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FUTURO DÉBORAO, FERREIRA PATRICIAG, NICOLETTI CAROLINED, BORBA-SANTOS LUANAP, SILVA FERNANDOCDA, ROZENTAL SONIA, FERREIRA VITORFRANCISCO. The Antifungal Activity of Naphthoquinones: An Integrative Review. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820170815 pmid: 29873671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Kumar BS, Ravi K, Verma AK, Fatima K, Hasanain M, Singh A, Sarkar J, Luqman S, Chanda D, Negi AS. Synthesis of pharmacologically important naphthoquinones and anticancer activity of 2-benzyllawsone through DNA topoisomerase-II inhibition. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1364-1373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Advances in the Chemistry of Natural and Semisynthetic Topoisomerase I/II Inhibitors. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63929-5.00002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Farias MS, Pich CT, Kviecinski MR, Bucker NCF, Felipe KB, Da Silva FO, Günther TMF, Correia JF, Ríos D, Benites J, Valderrama JA, Calderon PB, Pedrosa RC. Substituted 3‑acyl‑2‑phenylamino‑1,4‑naphthoquinones intercalate into DNA and cause genotoxicity through the increased generation of reactive oxygen species culminating in cell death. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:405-10. [PMID: 24756411 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Naphthoquinones interact with biological systems by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage cancer cells. The cytotoxicity and the antitumor activity of 3‑acyl‑2‑phenylamino‑1,4‑naphthoquinones (DPB1‑DPB9) were evaluated in the MCF7 human breast cancer cell line and in male Ehrlich tumor‑bearing Balb/c mice. DPB4 was the most cytotoxic derivative against MCF7 cells (EC50 15 µM) and DPB6 was the least cytotoxic one (EC50 56 µM). The 1,4‑naphthoquinone derivatives were able to cause DNA damage and promote DNA fragmentation as shown by the plasmid DNA cleavage assay (FII form). In addition, 1,4‑naphthoquinone derivatives possibly interacted with DNA as intercalating agents, which was demonstrated by the changes caused in the fluorescence of the DNA‑ethidium bromide complexes. Cell death of MCF7 cells induced by 3‑acyl‑2‑phenylamino‑1,4‑naphthoquinones was mostly due to apoptosis. The DNA fragmentation and subsequent apoptosis may be correlated to the redox potential of the 1,4‑naphthoquinone derivatives that, once present in the cell nucleus, led to the increased generation of ROS. Finally, certain 1,4‑naphthoquinone derivatives and particularly DPB4 significantly inhibited the growth of Ehrlich ascites tumors in mice (73%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirelle Sifroni Farias
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Claus Tröger Pich
- Campus Araranguá, University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá 88900-000, Brazil
| | - Maicon Roberto Kviecinski
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Nádia Cristina Falcão Bucker
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Karina Bettega Felipe
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Ourique Da Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Tânia Mara Fisher Günther
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - João Francisco Correia
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - David Ríos
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Julio Benites
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Jaime A Valderrama
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Pedro Buc Calderon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Rozangela Curi Pedrosa
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
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Dezhenkova LG, Tsvetkov VB, Shtil AA. Topoisomerase I and II inhibitors: chemical structure, mechanisms of action and role in cancer chemotherapy. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2014v083n01abeh004363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Hook I, Mills C, Sheridan H. Bioactive Naphthoquinones from Higher Plants. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63294-4.00005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Costa P, Linhares M, Rebelo SLH, Neves MGPMS, Freire C. Direct access to polycyclic peripheral diepoxy-meso-quinone derivatives from acene catalytic oxidation. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra23407j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Liu M, Zhang W, Wei J, Qiu L, Lin X. Marine bromophenol bis(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether, induces mitochondrial apoptosis in K562 cells and inhibits topoisomerase I in vitro. Toxicol Lett 2012; 211:126-34. [PMID: 22484147 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bis(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether (BDDE) is a marine bromophenol compound derived from marine algae. Previous reports have shown that BDDE possesses cytotoxic activity. However, the mechanisms of its apoptotic activity as well as its potential cellular targets remain unclear. The present study demonstrated that BDDE displays broad-spectrum in vitro anticancer capabilities and exhibits potent apoptotic activity in K562 cells via mitochondrial pathway. Further study revealed that BDDE inhibits the activity of topoisomerase I but does not stimulate the formation of topoisomerase I-DNA complex nor intercalate into DNA. Ethidium bromide displacement fluorescence assay and molecular modeling results showed that BDDE mainly targets DNA and binds to DNA minor groove, and thereafter inhibits the activity of topoisomerase I. The results of this study indicated that BDDE, which has unique chemical structure different from current topoisomerase I inhibitors, could serve as a lead template for rational drug design and for future anticancer agents development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, 7 Nanhai Rd, Qingdao 266071, China
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Bailly C. Contemporary challenges in the design of topoisomerase II inhibitors for cancer chemotherapy. Chem Rev 2012; 112:3611-40. [PMID: 22397403 DOI: 10.1021/cr200325f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bailly
- Centre de Recherche et Développement, Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Toulouse, France.
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Bedford R, LePage D, Hoffmann R, Kennedy S, Gutschenritter T, Bull L, Sujijantarat N, DiCesare JC, Sheaff RJ. Luciferase inhibition by a novel naphthoquinone. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2012; 107:55-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Carvajal D, Kennedy S, Boustani A, Lazar M, Nguyen S, DiCesare JC, Sheaff RJ. Induction of Cell Death by a Novel Naphthoquinone Containing a Modified Anthracycline Ring System. Chem Biol Drug Des 2011; 78:764-77. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2011.01214.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kennedy S, Dicesare JC, Sheaff RJ. Topoisomerase I inactivation by a novel thiol reactive naphthoquinone. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 410:152-8. [PMID: 21651895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.05.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The naphthoquinone adduct 12,13-dihydro-N-methyl-6,11,13-trioxo-5H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]naphthalen-5,12-imine (hereafter called TU100) contains structural features of both the anthracycline and isoquinone chemotherapeutics. An initial characterization showed TU100 is cytotoxic to mammalian cells and can inhibit topoisomerase I and II. Analysis using topoisomerase I now reveals TU100 is a slow acting inhibitor targeting the enzyme in the absence of DNA. Diluting pre-incubated TU100 and topoisomerase I failed to alleviate inhibition, suggesting the enzyme is being covalently modified. Critical cysteine thiols were identified as the possible target based on the ability of reducing agents to reverse TU100 inhibition. Consistent with this idea, TU100 protected topoisomerase I from inactivation by the sulfhydryl modifying agent N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). Unlike agents nonspecifically reacting with thiols, however, TU100 is specific for topoisomerase because it failed to inhibit a cysteine dependent protease. These results indicate TU100 is a novel naphthoquinone that inactivates free topoisomerase I via alkylation of cysteine residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, United States
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