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Nejedlá M, Klebanovych A, Sulimenko V, Sulimenko T, Dráberová E, Dráber P, Karlsson R. The actin regulator profilin 1 is functionally associated with the mammalian centrosome. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 4:4/1/e202000655. [PMID: 33184056 PMCID: PMC7668531 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The actin regulator profilin 1 recently shown to control microtubule elongation at the cell periphery is found to interact with the γ-tubulin ring complex and tune centrosomal microtubule nucleation. Profilin 1 is a crucial actin regulator, interacting with monomeric actin and several actin-binding proteins controlling actin polymerization. Recently, it has become evident that this profilin isoform associates with microtubules via formins and interferes with microtubule elongation at the cell periphery. Recruitment of microtubule-associated profilin upon extensive actin polymerizations, for example, at the cell edge, enhances microtubule growth, indicating that profilin contributes to the coordination of actin and microtubule organization. Here, we provide further evidence for the profilin-microtubule connection by demonstrating that it also functions in centrosomes where it impacts on microtubule nucleation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Nejedlá
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anastasiya Klebanovych
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vadym Sulimenko
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tetyana Sulimenko
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eduarda Dráberová
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Dráber
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roger Karlsson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Cifrová P, Oulehlová D, Kollárová E, Martinek J, Rosero A, Žárský V, Schwarzerová K, Cvrčková F. Division of Labor Between Two Actin Nucleators-the Formin FH1 and the ARP2/3 Complex-in Arabidopsis Epidermal Cell Morphogenesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:148. [PMID: 32194585 PMCID: PMC7061858 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The ARP2/3 complex and formins are the only known plant actin nucleators. Besides their actin-related functions, both systems also modulate microtubule organization and dynamics. Loss of the main housekeeping Arabidopsis thaliana Class I membrane-targeted formin FH1 (At3g25500) is known to increase cotyledon pavement cell lobing, while mutations affecting ARP2/3 subunits exhibit an opposite effect. Here we examine the role of FH1 and the ARP2/3 complex subunit ARPC5 (At4g01710) in epidermal cell morphogenesis with focus on pavement cells and trichomes using a model system of single fh1 and arpc5, as well as double fh1 arpc5 mutants. While cotyledon pavement cell shape in double mutants mostly resembled single arpc5 mutants, analysis of true leaf epidermal morphology, as well as actin and microtubule organization and dynamics, revealed a more complex relationship between the two systems and similar, rather than antagonistic, effects on some parameters. Both fh1 and arpc5 mutations increased actin network density and increased cell shape complexity in pavement cells and trichomes of first true leaves, in contrast to cotyledons. Thus, while the two actin nucleation systems have complementary roles in some aspects of cell morphogenesis in cotyledon pavement cells, they may act in parallel in other cell types and developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Cifrová
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Denisa Oulehlová
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Eva Kollárová
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Martinek
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Amparo Rosero
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Viktor Žárský
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Schwarzerová
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Fatima Cvrčková
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Fatima Cvrčková,
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Chumová J, Kourová H, Trögelová L, Halada P, Binarová P. Microtubular and Nuclear Functions of γ-Tubulin: Are They LINCed? Cells 2019; 8:cells8030259. [PMID: 30893853 PMCID: PMC6468392 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-Tubulin is a conserved member of the tubulin superfamily with a function in microtubule nucleation. Proteins of γ-tubulin complexes serve as nucleation templates as well as a majority of other proteins contributing to centrosomal and non-centrosomal nucleation, conserved across eukaryotes. There is a growing amount of evidence of γ-tubulin functions besides microtubule nucleation in transcription, DNA damage response, chromatin remodeling, and on its interactions with tumor suppressors. However, the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Furthermore, interactions with lamin and SUN proteins of the LINC complex suggest the role of γ-tubulin in the coupling of nuclear organization with cytoskeletons. γ-Tubulin that belongs to the clade of eukaryotic tubulins shows characteristics of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic tubulins. Both human and plant γ-tubulins preserve the ability of prokaryotic tubulins to assemble filaments and higher-order fibrillar networks. γ-Tubulin filaments, with bundling and aggregating capacity, are suggested to perform complex scaffolding and sequestration functions. In this review, we discuss a plethora of γ-tubulin molecular interactions and cellular functions, as well as recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms behind them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Chumová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Kourová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Trögelová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Halada
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavla Binarová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Chumová J, Trögelová L, Kourová H, Volc J, Sulimenko V, Halada P, Kučera O, Benada O, Kuchařová A, Klebanovych A, Dráber P, Daniel G, Binarová P. γ-Tubulin has a conserved intrinsic property of self-polymerization into double stranded filaments and fibrillar networks. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1865:734-748. [PMID: 29499229 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
γ-Tubulin is essential for microtubule nucleation and also plays less understood roles in nuclear and cell-cycle-related functions. High abundancy of γ-tubulin in acentrosomal Arabidopsis cells facilitated purification and biochemical characterization of large molecular species of γ-tubulin. TEM, fluorescence, and atomic force microscopy of purified high molecular γ-tubulin forms revealed the presence of linear filaments with a double protofilament substructure, filament bundles and aggregates. Filament formation from highly purified γ-tubulin free of γ-tubulin complex proteins (GCPs) was demonstrated for both plant and human γ-tubulin. Moreover, γ-tubulin associated with porcine brain microtubules formed oligomers. Experimental evidence on the intrinsic ability of γ-tubulin to oligomerize/polymerize was supported by conservation of α- and β-tubulin interfaces for longitudinal and lateral interactions for γ-tubulins. STED (stimulated emission depletion) microscopy of Arabidopsis cells revealed fine, short γ-tubulin fibrillar structures enriched on mitotic microtubular arrays that accumulated at polar regions of acentrosomal spindles and the outer nuclear envelope before mitosis, and were also present in nuclei. Fine fibrillar structures of γ-tubulin representing assemblies of higher order were localized in cell-cycle-dependent manner at sites of dispersed γ-tubulin location in acentrosomal plant cells as well as at sites of local γ-tubulin enrichment after drug treatment. Our findings that γ-tubulin preserves the capability of prokaryotic tubulins to self-organize into filaments assembling by lateral interaction into bundles/clusters help understanding of the relationship between structure and multiple cellular functions of this protein species and suggest that besides microtubule nucleation and organization, γ-tubulin may also have scaffolding or sequestration functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Chumová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Trögelová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kourová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Volc
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vadym Sulimenko
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Halada
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Kučera
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Chaberská 57, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Oldřich Benada
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Kuchařová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Anastasiya Klebanovych
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Dráber
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Geoffrey Daniel
- Department of Forest Biomaterials Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7008, Uppsala SE-75007, Sweden
| | - Pavla Binarová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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Mazur AJ, Radaszkiewicz T, Makowiecka A, Malicka-Błaszkiewicz M, Mannherz HG, Nowak D. Gelsolin interacts with LamR, hnRNP U, nestin, Arp3 and β-tubulin in human melanoma cells as revealed by immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 95:26-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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Fodrin in centrosomes: implication of a role of fodrin in the transport of gamma-tubulin complex in brain. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76613. [PMID: 24098540 PMCID: PMC3788121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma-tubulin is the major protein involved in the nucleation of microtubules from centrosomes in eukaryotic cells. It is present in both cytoplasm and centrosome. However, before centrosome maturation prior to mitosis, gamma-tubulin concentration increases dramatically in the centrosome, the mechanism of which is not known. Earlier it was reported that cytoplasmic gamma-tubulin complex isolated from goat brain contains non-erythroid spectrin/fodrin. The major role of erythroid spectrin is to help in the membrane organisation and integrity. However, fodrin or non-erythroid spectrin has a distinct pattern of localisation in brain cells and evidently some special functions over its erythroid counterpart. In this study, we show that fodrin and γ-tubulin are present together in both the cytoplasm and centrosomes in all brain cells except differentiated neurons and astrocytes. Immunoprecipitation studies in purified centrosomes from brain tissue and brain cell lines confirm that fodrin and γ-tubulin interact with each other in centrosomes. Fodrin dissociates from centrosome just after the onset of mitosis, when the concentration of γ-tubulin attains a maximum at centrosomes. Further it is observed that the interaction between fodrin and γ-tubulin in the centrosome is dependent on actin as depolymerisation of microfilaments stops fodrin localization. Image analysis revealed that γ-tubulin concentration also decreased drastically in the centrosome under this condition. This indicates towards a role of fodrin as a regulatory transporter of γ-tubulin to the centrosomes for normal progression of mitosis.
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Hubert T, Vandekerckhove J, Gettemans J. Cdk1 and BRCA1 target γ-tubulin to microtubule domains. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 414:240-5. [PMID: 21951856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage is a critical event that requires an appropriate cellular response. This is mediated by checkpoint proteins such as Cdk1 that controls S/G2 and G2/M transition. Cdk1 is required for BRCA1 transport to DNA damage sites inside the nucleus where BRCA1 functions as a scaffold to initiate a signaling cascade. BRCA1 is a multifunctional protein that also ubiquitinates γ-tubulin and, consequently, inhibits microtubule nucleation at the centrosome. Here, we report that γ-tubulin also localizes at confined areas in the microtubule network. Nocodazole-mediated microtubule depolymeration results in disappearance of this γ-tubulin fraction, while microtubule stabilization by taxol preserves this structure. Surprisingly, overexpression of Cdk1 or BRCA1 greatly expands the γ-tubulin coating of microtubules, suggesting that the microtubule-bound γ-tubulin is involved in DNA damage response. This is in accordance with numerous reports of microtubule-associated DNA damage proteins, such as p53, that are transported to the nucleus when DNA damage occurs. γ-Tubulin itself has been reported to form complexes with DNA repair proteins in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hubert
- Department of Medical Protein Research, VIB, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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