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Wang JP, Yu HHM, Chiang ER, Wang JY, Chou PH, Hung SC. Corticosteroid inhibits differentiation of palmar fibromatosis-derived stem cells (FSCs) through downregulation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198326. [PMID: 29944666 PMCID: PMC6019676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment for musculoskeletal fibromatosis remains challenging. Surgical excision for fibromatosis is the standard therapy but recurrence remains high. Corticosteroids, an anti-fibrogenic compound, have been used to treat early stage palmar fibromatosis, but the mechanism is unknown. We investigated the inhibitory mechanism effect of corticosteroids in the murine model of fibromatosis nodule as well as in cultured FSCs. Quantitative reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and immunofluorescence (IF) staining for markers of myofibroblasts (α-smooth muscle actin and type III collagen) were used to examine the effect of dexamethasone on myofibroblasic differentiation of FSCs both in vitro and in vivo. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling and its downstream targets were examined using western blot analysis. TGF-β1 expression in FSCs before and after dexamethasone treatment was compared. In addition, inhibition of TGF-β1 expression was examined using RNA interference (RNAi) on FSCs, both in vitro and in vivo. Treating FSCs with dexamethasone inhibited FSCs’ myofibroblastic differentiation in vitro. Treating FSCs with dexamethasone before or after implantation further inhibited formation of fibromatosis nodules. Dexamethasone suppressed expression of TGF-β1 and pSmad2/3 by FSCs in vitro. TGF-β1 knockdown FSCs showed reducing myofibroblastic differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, addition of TGF-β1 abolished dexamethasone-mediated inhibition of myofibroblastic differentiation. Dexamethasone inhibits the myofibroblastic differentiated potential of FSCs both in vitro and in vivo through inhibition of TGF-β1 expression in FSCs. TGF-β1 plays a key role in myofibroblastic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Pan Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hsiang-Hsuan Michael Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - En-Rung Chiang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jir-You Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po- Hsin Chou
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Qin H, Bao D, Tong X, Hu Q, Sun G, Huang X. The role of stem cells in benign tumors. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10.1007/s13277-016-5370-x. [PMID: 27655284 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5370-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As stem cells contribute to the development and homeostasis of normal adult tissues, malfunction of stem cells in self-renewal and differentiation has been associated with tumorigenesis. A growing number of evidences indicating that tumor initiating cells play a crucial role, not only in malignancies, but also in generation and development of benign tumors. Here we offer an overview of the identification and functional characterization of benign tumor initiating cells in several tissues and organs, which typically show capacities of uncontrolled self-renewal to fuel the tumor growth and abnormal differentiation to give rise to tumor heterogeneity. They may originate from alteration of normal stem cells, which confer the benign tumor initiating cells with different repertoire of "stemness". The plastic functions of benign tumor initiating cells are determined by niche regulation mediated via several signaling and epigenetic cues. Therefore, targeting stem cell function represents an important strategy for understanding the biology and management of benign tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Qin
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
- Nanjing Key Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongyu Bao
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Tong
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingang Hu
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Guowen Sun
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
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Chiang ER, Ma HL, Wang JP, Liu CL, Chen TH, Hung SC. Multi-lineage differentiation and angiogenesis potentials of pigmented villonodular synovitis derived mesenchymal stem cells--pathological implication. J Orthop Res 2016; 34:395-403. [PMID: 26291329 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a benign tissue proliferation characterized by its hyper-vascularity within the lesion. The true etiology and cell source of this disease entity still remain unclear. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exist in various tissues of human body. However, it has not been clarified whether MSCs could be isolated from tissue of PVNS. Here, we isolated MSCs from PVNS (PVNS-SCs), and by comparing to the MSCs from normal synovium (Syn-SCs) of the same individual, we investigated whether PVNS-SCs differed in the capacity for multi-differentiation and inducing angiogenesis. We first demonstrated that PVNS-SCs existed in the lesion of PVNS of three individuals. Moreover, we showed PVNS-SCs had better osteogenic differentiation potential than Syn-SCs, whereas Syn-SCs had better capacity for adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. By genome-wide analysis of gene expression profile using a complementary DNA microarray and comparing to Syn-SCs, we identified in PVNS-SCs a distinct gene expression profile characterized by up-regulation of genes involved in angiogenesis. In vitro and in vivo studies further confirmed that PVNS-SCs had better capacities for promoting angiogenesis. In summary, the identification of PVNS-SCs in PVNS tissue and their distinct angiogenic potential may help elucidate the underlying etiology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Rung Chiang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Li Ma
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Pan Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lin Liu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tain-Hsiung Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Nakamura T, Okada T, Endo M, Kadomatsu T, Taniwaki T, Sei A, Odagiri H, Masuda T, Fujimoto T, Nakamura T, Oike Y, Mizuta H. Angiopoietin-like protein 2 induced by mechanical stress accelerates degeneration and hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum in lumbar spinal canal stenosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85542. [PMID: 24465594 PMCID: PMC3894965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and subsequent fibrosis induced by mechanical stress play an important role in ligamentum flavum (LF) hypertrophy and degeneration in patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS). Angiopoietin-like protein 2 (Angptl2) is a chronic inflammatory mediator induced under various pathological conditions and increases the expression of TGF-β1, which is a well-characterized mediator in LF hypertrophy. We investigated whether Angptl2 is induced by mechanical stress, and whether it contributes to LF hypertrophy and degeneration by activating the TGF-β1 signaling cascade. In this study, we investigated human LF tissue and LF fibroblasts isolated from patients who underwent lumbar surgery. We found that Angptl2 was abundantly expressed in fibroblasts of hypertrophied LF tissues at both the mRNA and protein levels. This expression was not only positively correlated with LF thickness and degeneration but also positively correlated with lumbar segmental motion. Our in vitro experiments with fibroblasts from hypertrophied LF tissue revealed that mechanical stretching stress increases the expression and secretion of Angptl2 via activation of calcineurin/NFAT pathways. In hypertrophied LF tissue, expression of TGF-β1 mRNA was also increased and TGF-β1/Smad signaling was activated. Angptl2 expression in LF tissue was positively correlated with the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA, suggesting cooperation between Angptl2 and TGF-β1 in the pathogenesis of LF hypertrophy. In vitro experiments revealed that Angptl2 increased levels of TGF-β1 and its receptors, and also activated TGF-β1/Smad signaling. Mechanical stretching stress increased TGF-β1 mRNA expression, which was partially attenuated by treatment with a calcineurin/NFAT inhibitor or Angptl2 siRNA, indicating that induction of TGF-β1 expression by mechanical stretching stress is partially mediated by Angptl2. We conclude that expression of Angptl2 induced by mechanical stress in LF fibroblasts promotes LF tissue degeneration by activation of TGF-β1/Smad signaling, which results in LF hypertrophy in patients with LSCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Okada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Motoyoshi Endo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kadomatsu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Taniwaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akira Sei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Haruki Odagiri
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Masuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toru Fujimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mizuta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
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