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Yamanishi Y, Miyake K, Iki M, Tsutsui H, Karasuyama H. Recent advances in understanding basophil-mediated Th2 immune responses. Immunol Rev 2018; 278:237-245. [PMID: 28658549 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Basophils, the least common granulocytes, represent only ~0.5% of peripheral blood leukocytes. Because of the small number and some similarity with mast cells, the functional significance of basophils remained questionable for a long time. Recent studies using newly-developed analytical tools have revealed crucial and non-redundant roles for basophils in various immune responses, particularly Th2 immunity including allergy and protective immunity against parasitic infections. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms how basophils mediate Th2 immune responses and the nature of basophil-derived factors involved in them. Activated basophils release serine proteases, mouse mast cell protease 8 (mMCP-8), and mMCP-11, that are preferentially expressed by basophils rather than mast cells in spite of their names. These proteases elicit microvascular hyperpermeability and leukocyte infiltration in affected tissues, leading to inflammation. Basophil-derived IL-4 also contributes to eosinophil infiltration while it acts on tissue-infiltrating inflammatory monocytes to promote their differentiation into M2 macrophages that in turn dampen inflammation. Although basophils produce little or no MHC class II (MHC-II) proteins, they can acquire peptide-MHC-II complexes from dendritic cells via trogocytosis and present them together with IL-4 to naive CD4 T cells, leading to Th2 cell differentiation. Thus, basophils contribute to Th2 immunity at various levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Yamanishi
- Department of Immune Regulation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Miyake
- Department of Immune Regulation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misako Iki
- Department of Immune Regulation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Tsutsui
- Department of Immune Regulation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Karasuyama
- Department of Immune Regulation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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Emerging roles of basophils in allergic inflammation. Allergol Int 2017; 66:382-391. [PMID: 28506528 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Basophils have long been neglected in immunological studies because they were regarded as only minor relatives of mast cells. However, recent advances in analytical tools for basophils have clarified the non-redundant roles of basophils in allergic inflammation. Basophils play crucial roles in both IgE-dependent and -independent allergic inflammation, through their migration to the site of inflammation and secretion of various mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, and proteases. Basophils are known to produce large amounts of IL-4 in response to various stimuli. Basophil-derived IL-4 has recently been shown to play versatile roles in allergic inflammation by acting on various cell types, including macrophages, innate lymphoid cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Basophil-derived serine proteases are also crucial for the aggravation of allergic inflammation. Moreover, recent reports suggest the roles of basophils in modulating adaptive immune responses, particularly in the induction of Th2 differentiation and enhancement of humoral memory responses. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in understanding the roles of basophils in allergic inflammation.
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Application of Immunohistochemistry in Toxicologic Pathology of the Hematolymphoid System. IMMUNOPATHOLOGY IN TOXICOLOGY AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47377-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Basophil tryptase mMCP-11 plays a crucial role in IgE-mediated, delayed-onset allergic inflammation in mice. Blood 2016; 128:2909-2918. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-07-729392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Mice deficient for basophil tryptase mMCP-11 showed ameliorated IgE-mediated allergic inflammation with reduced leukocyte infiltration. This is the first demonstration that the basophil-derived protease plays a crucial role in allergic inflammation.
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Geurts N, Vangansewinkel T, Lemmens S, Nelissen S, Geboes L, Schwartz C, Voehringer D, Hendrix S. Basophils are dispensable for the recovery of gross locomotion after spinal cord hemisection injury. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 99:579-82. [PMID: 26578647 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3ab0815-370r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Basophils are the smallest population of granulocytes found in the circulation. They have crucial and nonredundant roles in allergic disorders, in protection from parasite infections, in autoimmunity, and in the regulation of type 2 immunity. They share phenotypic and functional properties with mast cells, which exert substantial protective effects after traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, although they are considered one of the most proinflammatory cell types in the body. In contrast, the in vivo functions of basophils in central nervous system trauma are still obscure and not well studied. In this study, we show that by comparing spinal cord injury in wild type vs. basophil-deficient Mcpt8Cre transgenic mice, the locomotor recovery is not affected in mice depleted in basophils. In addition, no substantial differences were observed in the lesion size and in the astrocytic and macrophage/microglia reaction between both mouse strains. Hence, despite the multiple properties shared with mast cells, these data show, for the first time, to our knowledge, that basophils are dispensable for the functional recovery process after hemisection injury to the spinal cord in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Geurts
- Departments of *Morphology and Cell Physiology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nüremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tim Vangansewinkel
- Departments of *Morphology and Cell Physiology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nüremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Lemmens
- Departments of *Morphology and Cell Physiology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nüremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sofie Nelissen
- Departments of *Morphology and Cell Physiology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nüremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lies Geboes
- Departments of *Morphology and Cell Physiology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nüremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Schwartz
- Departments of *Morphology and Cell Physiology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nüremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - David Voehringer
- Departments of *Morphology and Cell Physiology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nüremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Hendrix
- Departments of *Morphology and Cell Physiology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nüremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Hashimoto T, Satoh T, Yokozeki H. Protective Role of STAT6 in Basophil-Dependent Prurigo-like Allergic Skin Inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:4631-40. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Cheng LE, Sullivan BM, Retana LE, Allen CDC, Liang HE, Locksley RM. IgE-activated basophils regulate eosinophil tissue entry by modulating endothelial function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 212:513-24. [PMID: 25779634 PMCID: PMC4387286 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20141671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Basophils orchestrate eosinophil recruitment during IgE-dependent dermatitis by interacting with inflamed endothelium and producing IL-4. IL-4 in turn induces endothelial VCAM-1 expression, which is required for subsequent eosinophil accumulation. Vertebrate immunity has evolved a modular architecture in response to perturbations. Allergic inflammation represents such a module, with signature features of antigen-specific IgE and tissue eosinophilia, although the cellular and molecular circuitry coupling these responses remains unclear. Here, we use genetic and imaging approaches in models of IgE-dependent eosinophilic dermatitis to demonstrate a requisite role for basophils. After antigenic inflammation, basophils initiate transmigration like other granulocytes but, upon activation via their high-affinity IgE receptor, alter their migratory kinetics to persist at the endothelium. Prolonged basophil–endothelial interactions, in part dependent on activation of focal adhesion kinases, promote delivery of basophil-derived IL-4 to the endothelium and subsequent induction of endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), which is required for eosinophil accumulation. Thus, basophils are gatekeepers that link adaptive immunity with innate effector programs by altering access to tissue sites by activation-induced interactions with the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence E Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Brandon M Sullivan
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Lizett E Retana
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Christopher D C Allen
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Hong-Erh Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Richard M Locksley
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
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Nabe T, Matsuya K, Akamizu K, Fujita M, Nakagawa T, Shioe M, Kida H, Takiguchi A, Wakamori H, Fujii M, Ishihara K, Akiba S, Mizutani N, Yoshino S, Chaplin DD. Roles of basophils and mast cells infiltrating the lung by multiple antigen challenges in asthmatic responses of mice. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 169:462-76. [PMID: 23472967 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mast cell hyperplasia has been observed in the lungs of mice with experimental asthma, but few reports have studied basophils. Here, we attempted to discriminate and quantify mast cells and basophils in the lungs in a murine asthma model, determine if both cells were increased by multiple antigen challenges and assess the roles of those cells in asthmatic responses. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Sensitized Balb/c mice were intratracheally challenged with ovalbumin four times. Mast cells and basophils in enzymatically digested lung tissue were detected by flow cytometry. An anti-FcεRI monoclonal antibody, MAR-1, was i.p. administered during the multiple challenges. KEY RESULTS The numbers of both mast cells (IgE(+) C-kit(+) ) and basophils (IgE(+) C-kit(-) CD49b(+) ) increased in the lungs after three challenges. Treatment with MAR-1 completely abolished the increases; however, a late-phase increase in specific airway resistance (sRaw), and airway eosinophilia and neutrophilia were not affected by the treatment, although the early-phase increase in sRaw was suppressed. MAR-1 reduced antigen-induced airway IL-4 production. Basophils infiltrating the lung clearly produced IL-4 after antigen stimulation in vitro; however, histamine and murine mast cell protease 1 were not increased in the serum after the challenge, indicating that mast cell activation was not evoked. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Both mast cells and basophils infiltrated the lungs by multiple intratracheal antigen challenges in sensitized mice. Neither mast cells nor basophils were involved in late-phase airway obstruction, although early-phase obstruction was mediated by basophils. Targeting basophils in asthma therapy may be useful for an early asthmatic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nabe
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan.
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