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Polypeptide-GalNAc-Transferase-13 Shows Prognostic Impact in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225616. [PMID: 34830771 PMCID: PMC8616257 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a public health concern and is currently the fifth cause of mortality worldwide. Identification of different biological subtypes is essential for clinical management; therefore, the role of pathologists is essential and useful tools for immunohistochemistry diagnosis are needed. Polypeptide-GalNAc-transferases are emerging novel biomarkers related to cancer behavior and GalNAc-T13, correlated with aggressiveness in some tumors, is an interesting candidate. Few monoclonal antibodies reacting with native proteins, and not affected by fixation and paraffin embedding, have been reported. The aim of this work was to develop a useful monoclonal antibody anti-GalNAc-T13 and to assess its potential significance in breast cancer diagnosis. We evaluated 6 human breast cancer cell lines, 338 primary breast tumors and 48 metastatic lymph nodes and looked for clinical significance correlating GalNAc-T13 expression with patients' clinical features and survival. We found high GalNAc-T13 expression in 43.8% of the cases and observed a significant higher expression in metastatic lymph nodes, correlating with worse overall survival. We hypothesized several possible molecular mechanisms and their implications. We conclude that GalNAc-T13 may be a novel biomarker in breast cancer, useful for routine pathological diagnosis. Elucidation of molecular mechanisms related to aggressiveness should contribute to understand the role of GalNAc-T13 in breast cancer biology.
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Park MS, Yang AY, Lee JE, Kim SK, Roe JS, Park MS, Oh MJ, An HJ, Kim MY. GALNT3 suppresses lung cancer by inhibiting myeloid-derived suppressor cell infiltration and angiogenesis in a TNFR and c-MET pathway-dependent manner. Cancer Lett 2021; 521:294-307. [PMID: 34416337 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The deregulation of polypeptide N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferases (GALNTs) contributes to several cancers, but their roles in lung cancer remain unclear. In this study, we have identified a tumor-suppressing role of GALNT3 in lung cancer. We found that GALNT3 suppressed lung cancer development and progression in both xenograft and syngeneic mouse models. Specifically, GALNT3 suppressed lung cancer initiation by inhibiting the self-renewal of lung cancer cells. More importantly, GALNT3 attenuated lung cancer growth by preventing the creation of a favorable tumor microenvironment (TME), which was attributed to GALNT3's ability to inhibit myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) infiltration into tumor sites and subsequent angiogenesis. We also identified a GALNT3-regulated gene (GRG) signature and found that lung cancer patients whose tumors exhibit the GRG signature showed more favorable prognoses. Further investigation revealed that GALNT3 suppressed lung cancer cell self-renewal by reducing β-catenin levels, which led to reduced expression of the downstream targets of the WNT pathway. In addition, GALNT3 inhibited MDSC infiltration into tumor sites by suppressing both the TNFR1-NFκB and cMET-pAKT pathways. Specifically, GALNT3 inhibited the nuclear localization of NFκB and the c-MET-induced phosphorylation of AKT. This then led to reduced production of CXCL1, a chemokine required for MDSC recruitment. Finally, we confirmed that the GALNT3-induced inhibition of the TNFR1-NFκB and cMET-pAKT pathways involved the O-GalNAcylation of the TNFR1 and cMET receptors. In summary, we have identified GALNT3 as the first GALNT member capable of suppressing lung cancer and uncovered a novel mechanism by which GALNT3 regulates the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi So Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Yeong Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Eun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Kyu Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Roe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jin Oh
- Asia-Pacific Glycomics Reference Site, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo An
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Cancer Metastasis Control Center, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Prasher P, Sharma M. Targeting N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase for anticancer therapy. Drug Dev Res 2020; 82:3-6. [PMID: 32985012 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.,Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
| | - Mousmee Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.,Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
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4
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Steentoft C, Fuhrmann M, Battisti F, Van Coillie J, Madsen TD, Campos D, Halim A, Vakhrushev SY, Joshi HJ, Schreiber H, Mandel U, Narimatsu Y. A strategy for generating cancer-specific monoclonal antibodies to aberrant O-glycoproteins: identification of a novel dysadherin-Tn antibody. Glycobiology 2019; 29:307-319. [PMID: 30726901 PMCID: PMC6430981 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful application of potent antibody-based T-cell engaging immunotherapeutic strategies is currently limited mainly to hematological cancers. One major reason is the lack of well-characterized antigens on solid tumors with sufficient cancer specific expression. Aberrantly O-glycosylated proteins contain promising cancer-specific O-glycopeptide epitopes suitable for immunotherapeutic applications, but currently only few examples of such antibody epitopes have been identified. We previously showed that chimeric antigen receptor T-cells directed towards aberrantly O-glycosylated MUC1 can control malignant growth in a mouse model. Here, we present a discovery platform for the generation of cancer-specific monoclonal antibodies targeting aberrant O-glycoproteins. The strategy is based on cancer cell lines engineered to homogeneously express the truncated Tn O-glycoform, the so-called SimpleCells. We used SimpleCells of different cancer origin to elicit monoclonal antibodies with selectivity for aberrant O-glycoproteins. For validation we selected and characterized one monoclonal antibody (6C5) directed to a Tn-glycopeptide in dysadherin (FXYD5), known to be upregulated in cancer and promote metastasis. While dysadherin is widely expressed also in normal cells, we demonstrated that the 6C5 epitope is specifically expressed in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Steentoft
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Max Fuhrmann
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Federico Battisti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324 Rome, Italy
| | - Julie Van Coillie
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Thomas D Madsen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Diana Campos
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação e Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adnan Halim
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Sergey Y Vakhrushev
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Hiren J Joshi
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Hans Schreiber
- Department of Pathology, Committee on Immunology, Committee on Cancer Biology, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ulla Mandel
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Yoshiki Narimatsu
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Ohmi Y, Kambe M, Ohkawa Y, Hamamura K, Tajima O, Takeuchi R, Furukawa K, Furukawa K. Differential roles of gangliosides in malignant properties of melanomas. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206881. [PMID: 30462668 PMCID: PMC6248923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganglioside GD3 is widely expressed in human malignant melanomas, and has been reported to be involved in the increased cell proliferation and invasion. In this study, we established GM3-, GM2-, GM1-, GD3-, or GD2-expressing melanoma cell lines by transfecting cDNAs of glyscosyltransferases, and effects of individual gangliosides on the cell phenotypes and signals were examined. The phenotypes of established ganglioside-expressing cells were quite different, i.e. cell growth increased as following order; GD2+, GD3+ > GM1+, GM2+, GM3+ cells. Cell invasion activity increased as GD3+ ≧ GM2+ > GM1+, GM3+, GD2+ cells. Intensity of cell adhesion to collagen I (CL-I) and spreading increased as GD2+ >> GD3+, GM1+ > GM2+, GM3+ cells. In particular, cell adhesion of GD2+ cells was markedly strong. As for cell migration velocity, GD2+ cells were slower than all other cells. The immunocytostaining revealed close localization of gangliosides and F-actin in lamellipodia. Immunoblotting of phosphorylated p130Cas and paxillin by serum treatment reveled that these phosphorylations were more increased in GD3+ cells than in GD2+ or GM3+ cells, while phosphorylation of Akt underwent similarly increased phosphorylation between GD3+ and GD2+ cells compared with GM3+ cells. While GD2 and GD3 enhanced cell growth, GD3 might also contribute in cell invasion. On the other hand, GD2 might contribute in the solid fixation of melanoma cells at metastasized sites. These results suggested that individual gangliosides exert distinct roles in the different aspects of melanomas by differentially regulating cytoskeletons and signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mariko Kambe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazunori Hamamura
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Aichigakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Orie Tajima
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Rika Takeuchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Yan X, Lu J, Zou X, Zhang S, Cui Y, Zhou L, Liu F, Shan A, Lu J, Zheng M, Feng B, Zhang Y. The polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 4 exhibits stage-dependent expression in colorectal cancer and affects tumorigenesis, invasion and differentiation. FEBS J 2018; 285:3041-3055. [PMID: 29931806 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant expression of mucin-type O-glycosylation plays important roles in cancer malignancy. The polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (ppGalNAc-Ts) are a family of conserved enzymes that initiate the mucin-type O-glycosylation in cells. In human, consistent up- or down-regulation of ppGalNAc-Ts expression during cancer development has been frequently reported. Here, we provide evidence that ppGalNAc-T4 shows a stage-dependent expression at the different stages of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the 62 pair-matched tumor/normal tissues. In detail, ppGalNAc-T4 expression is significantly induced at stage I and II but not at stage III and IV. Overexpression of ppGalNAc-T4 in CRC cells enhances colony formation and sphere formation suggesting an important role of ppGalNAc-T4 in tumorigenesis. Conversely, knockdown of ppGalNAc-T4 in CRC cells increases the cell migration and invasion, and leads to an epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like transition. Further analysis suggests that loss of ppGalNAc-T4 contributes to the dedifferentiation of CRC and high expression of ppGalNAc-T4 correlates to a good prognosis of patients. Taken together, our results not only demonstrate a stage-dependent expression of ppGalNAc-T4 in CRC progression, but also suggest that such stage-dependent expression may contribute to the tumorigenesis at the early stage and promote cell migration and invasion at the advanced stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialin Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Jishun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Xia Zou
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Yalu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Leqi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Aidong Shan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Jiaoyang Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Minghua Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Bo Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
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7
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Lavrsen K, Dabelsteen S, Vakhrushev SY, Levann AMR, Haue AD, Dylander A, Mandel U, Hansen L, Frödin M, Bennett EP, Wandall HH. De novo expression of human polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6 (GalNAc-T6) in colon adenocarcinoma inhibits the differentiation of colonic epithelium. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:1298-1314. [PMID: 29187600 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.812826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of O-glycans is a hallmark of epithelial cancers. Mucin-type O-glycosylation is initiated by a large family of UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (GalNAc-Ts) that target different proteins and are differentially expressed in cells and organs. Here, we investigated the expression patterns of all of the GalNAc-Ts in colon cancer by analyzing transcriptomic data. We found that GalNAc-T6 was highly up-regulated in colon adenocarcinomas but absent in normal-appearing adjacent colon tissue. These results were verified by immunohistochemistry, suggesting that GalNAc-T6 plays a role in colon carcinogenesis. To investigate the function of GalNAc-T6 in colon cancer, we used precise gene targeting to produce isogenic colon cancer cell lines with a knockout/rescue system for GALNT6 GalNAc-T6 expression was associated with a cancer-like, dysplastic growth pattern, whereas GALNT6 knockout cells showed a more normal differentiation pattern, reduced proliferation, normalized cell-cell adhesion, and formation of crypts in tissue cultures. O-Glycoproteomic analysis of the engineered cell lines identified a small set of GalNAc-T6-specific targets, suggesting that this isoform has unique cellular functions. In support of this notion, the genetically and functionally closely related GalNAc-T3 homolog did not show compensatory functionality for effects observed for GalNAc-T6. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that aberrant GalNAc-T6 expression and site-specific glycosylation is involved in oncogenic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstine Lavrsen
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Sally Dabelsteen
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Sergey Y Vakhrushev
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Asha M R Levann
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Amalie Dahl Haue
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - August Dylander
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Ulla Mandel
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Lars Hansen
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Morten Frödin
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, DK 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Eric P Bennett
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Hans H Wandall
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
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Festari MF, Trajtenberg F, Berois N, Pantano S, Revoredo L, Kong Y, Solari-Saquieres P, Narimatsu Y, Freire T, Bay S, Robello C, Bénard J, Gerken TA, Clausen H, Osinaga E. Revisiting the human polypeptide GalNAc-T1 and T13 paralogs. Glycobiology 2017; 27:140-153. [PMID: 27913570 PMCID: PMC5224595 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polypeptide GalNAc-transferases (GalNAc-Ts) constitute a family of 20 human glycosyltransferases (comprising 9 subfamilies), which initiate mucin-type O-glycosylation. The O-glycoproteome is thought to be differentially regulated via the different substrate specificities and expression patterns of each GalNAc-T isoforms. Here, we present a comprehensive in vitro analysis of the peptide substrate specificity of GalNAc-T13, showing that it essentially overlaps with the ubiquitous expressed GalNAc-T1 isoform found in the same subfamily as T13. We have also identified and partially characterized nine splice variants of GalNAc-T13, which add further complexity to the GalNAc-T family. Two variants with changes in their lectin domains were characterized by in vitro glycosylation assays, and one (Δ39Ex9) was inactive while the second one (Ex10b) had essentially unaltered activity. We used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of human neuroblastoma cell lines, normal brain and a small panel of neuroblastoma tumors to demonstrate that several splice variants (Ex10b, ΔEx9, ΔEx2-7 and ΔEx6/8-39bpEx9) were highly expressed in tumor cell lines compared with normal brain, although the functional implications remain to be unveiled. In summary, the GalNAc-T13 isoform is predicted to function similarly to GalNAc-T1 against peptide substrates in vivo, in contrast to a prior report, but is unique by being selectively expressed in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Festari
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Glycobiology, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020 (C.P. 11400), Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Avenida General Flores 2125 (C.P. 11800), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Nora Berois
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Glycobiology, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020 (C.P. 11400), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sergio Pantano
- Grupo de Simulaciones Biomoleculares, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020 (C.P. 11400), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Leslie Revoredo
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Yun Kong
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Patricia Solari-Saquieres
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Glycobiology, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020 (C.P. 11400), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Yoshiki Narimatsu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Teresa Freire
- Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Avenida General Flores 2125 (C.P. 11800), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sylvie Bay
- Unité de Chimie de Biomoleculares, CNRS UMR 3523 Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Carlos Robello
- Unidad de Biología Molecular, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020 (C.P. 11400), Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Avenida General Flores 2125 (C.P. 11800), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Jean Bénard
- CNRS UMR 8126, Université Paris-Sud 11, and Département de Biologie et Pathologie Médicales Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Thomas A Gerken
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Eduardo Osinaga
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Glycobiology, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020 (C.P. 11400), Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Avenida General Flores 2125 (C.P. 11800), Montevideo, Uruguay
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Sites ER, Smolarek TA, Martin LJ, Viskochil DH, Stevenson DA, Ullrich NJ, Messiaen LM, Schorry EK. Analysis of copy number variants in 11 pairs of monozygotic twins with neurofibromatosis type 1. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 173:647-653. [PMID: 27862945 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic variability among individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) has long been a challenge for clinicians and an enigma for researchers. Members of the same family and even identical twins with NF1 often demonstrate variable disease expression. Many mechanisms for this variability have been proposed. We have performed an exploratory study of copy number variants (CNVs) as a possible source of phenotypic variability in NF1. We enrolled 11 pairs of monozygotic (MZ) twins with NF1 and their parents, catalogued their clinical characteristics, and utilized a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray to identify CNVs in blood and saliva. The 11 twin pairs showed high concordance for presence and number of café-au-lait spots, cutaneous neurofibromas, IQ, and ADHD. They were more likely to be discordant for optic pathway glioma, plexiform neurofibromas, skeletal manifestations, and malignancy. Microarray analysis identified a total of 81 CNVs meeting our conservative criteria, 37 of which overlap known genes. Of interest, three CNVs were previously unreported. Microarray analysis failed to ascertain any CNV differences within twin pairs, between twins and parents, or between tissues in any one individual. Results of this small pilot study did not demonstrate any de novo CNV events in our MZ twin pairs, nor were de novo CNVs overrepresented in these individuals with NF1. A much larger sample size would be needed to form any conclusions about the role of CNVs in NF1 variable expressivity. Alternative explanations for discordant phenotypes include epigenetic changes, smaller genetic alterations, or environmental factors. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa A Smolarek
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - David H Viskochil
- Divison of Medical Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - David A Stevenson
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Nicole J Ullrich
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Elizabeth K Schorry
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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10
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GalNAc-T14 promotes metastasis through Wnt dependent HOXB9 expression in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:41916-28. [PMID: 26544896 PMCID: PMC4747198 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
While metastasis, the main cause of lung cancer-related death, has been extensively studied, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. A previous clinicogenomic study revealed that expression of N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GalNAc-T14), is highly inversely correlated with recurrence-free survival in those with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the underlying molecular mechanism(s) has not been determined. Here, we showed that GalNAc-T14 expression was positively associated with the invasive phenotype. Microarray and biochemical analyses revealed that HOXB9, the expression of which was increased in a GalNAc-T14-dependent manner, played an important role in metastasis. GalNAc-T14 increased the sensitivity of the WNT response and increased the stability of the β-catenin protein, leading to induced expression of HOXB9 and acquisition of an invasive phenotype. Pharmacological inhibition of β-catenin in GalNAc-T14-expressing cancer cells suppressed HOXB9 expression and invasion. A meta-analysis of clinical genomics data revealed that expression of GalNAc-T14 or HOXB9 was strongly correlated with reduced recurrence-free survival and increased hazard risk, suggesting that targeting β-catenin within the GalNAc-T14/WNT/HOXB9 axis may be a novel therapeutic approach to inhibit metastasis in NSCLC.
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11
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Xu Y, Pang W, Lu J, Shan A, Zhang Y. Polypeptide N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 13 Contributes to Neurogenesis via Stabilizing the Mucin-type O-Glycoprotein Podoplanin. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23477-23488. [PMID: 27629416 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.743955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucin-type O-glycosylation is initiated by an evolutionarily conserved family of polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (ppGalNAc-Ts). Previously, it was reported that ppGalNAc-T13 is restrictively expressed at a high level in the brain. Here we provide evidence for the critical role of ppGalNAc-T13 in neural differentiation. In detail, we show that the expression of ppGalNAc-T13 was dramatically up-regulated during early neurogenesis in mouse embryonic brains. Similar changes were also observed in cell models of neuronal differentiation by using either primary mouse cortical neural precursor cells or murine embryonal carcinoma P19 cells. Knockout of ppGalNAc-T13 in P19 cells suppressed not only neural induction but also neuronal differentiation. These effects are at least partly mediated by the mucin-type O-glycoprotein podoplanin (PDPN), as knockdown of PDPN led to a similar inhibition of neuronal differentiation and PDPN was significantly reduced at the posttranscriptional level after ppGalNAc-T13 knockout. Further data demonstrate that PDPN acts as a substrate of ppGalNAc-T13 and that the ppGalNAc-T13-mediated O-glycosylation on PDPN is important for its stability. Taken together, this study suggests that ppGalNAc-T13 contributes to neuronal differentiation through glycosylating and stabilizing PDPN, which provides insights into the regulatory roles of O-glycosylation in mammalian neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjiao Xu
- From the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenjie Pang
- From the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jishun Lu
- From the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Aidong Shan
- From the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- From the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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12
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Pasqualon T, Pruessmeyer J, Jankowski V, Babendreyer A, Groth E, Schumacher J, Koenen A, Weidenfeld S, Schwarz N, Denecke B, Jahr H, Dreymueller D, Jankowski J, Ludwig A. A cytoplasmic C-terminal fragment of Syndecan-1 is generated by sequential proteolysis and antagonizes Syndecan-1 dependent lung tumor cell migration. Oncotarget 2016; 6:31295-312. [PMID: 26378057 PMCID: PMC4741606 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Syndecan-1 is a surface expressed heparan sulphate proteoglycan, which is upregulated by several tumor types and involved in tumor cell migration and metastasis. Syndecan-1 is shed from the cell surface and the remaining transmembrane fragment undergoes intramembrane proteolysis by γ-secretase. We here show that this generates a cytoplasmic C-terminal fragment (cCTF). In epithelial lung tumor A549 cells the endogenously produced cCTF accumulated when its proteasomal degradation was blocked with bortezomib and this accumulation was prevented by γ-secretase inhibition. Overexpression of the cCTF suppressed migration and invasion of A549 cells. This inhibitory effect was only seen when endogenous syndecan-1 was present, but not in syndecan-1 deficient cells. Further, overexpression of syndecan-1 cCTF increased the basal activation of Src kinase, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Rho GTPase. This was associated with increased adhesion to fibronectin and collagen G and an increased recruitment of paxillin to focal adhesions. Moreover, lung tumor formation of A549 cells in mice was reduced by overexpression of syndecan-1 cCTF. Finally, delivery of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the syndecan-1 cCTF suppressed A549 cell migration and increased basal phosphorylation of Src and FAK. Our data indicate that the syndecan-1 cCTF antagonizes syndecan-1 dependent tumor cell migration in vitro and in vivo by dysregulating proadhesive signaling pathways and suggest that the cCTF can be used as an inhibitory peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Pasqualon
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jessica Pruessmeyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vera Jankowski
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Aaron Babendreyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Esther Groth
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julian Schumacher
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrea Koenen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sarah Weidenfeld
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicole Schwarz
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bernd Denecke
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Holger Jahr
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniela Dreymueller
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Ludwig
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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13
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Nogimori K, Hori T, Kawaguchi K, Fukui T, Mii S, Nakada H, Matsumoto Y, Yamauchi Y, Takahashi M, Furukawa K, Tetsuya O, Yokoi K, Hasegawa Y, Furukawa K. Increased expression levels of ppGalNAc-T13 in lung cancers: Significance in the prognostic diagnosis. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:1369-76. [PMID: 27499036 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
ppGalNAc-T13 is upregulated along with reduced expression of GM1 in high metastatic sublines of the murine Lewis lung cancer cell line, but little is known about the implication of ppGalNAc-T13 expression in human cancers. Since lung cancer cell lines showed high expression levels of ppGalNAc-T13, we analyzed ppGalNAc-T13 expression in surgical lung cancer specimens to examine whether ppGalNAc-T13 can be used as a prognostic marker or a therapeutic target. We analyzed mRNA expression levels of GALNT13 and its variant exon usages in surgical specimens by real-time RT-PCR, and the results were evaluated by correlating with clinical data. Ninety-one surgical specimens were analyzed. Consequently, recurrence-free survival was significantly shorter (P=0.045) in high expression group of GALNT13 mRNA. In the analysis of tumor specific exon usage in GALNT13 RNA sequence, one variant exon was significantly associated with worse prognosis. By contrast, in another variant exon, positive variant expression group showed better prognosis than negative group. We also tried to detect GALNT13 mRNA in 63 serum samples from patients with lung cancers to examine whether GALNT13 mRNA can be measured in body fluids, detecting significant levels in 4 samples. Finally, expression of GM1, ppGalNAc-T13 and trimeric Tn antigen was examined by immunohistochemistry in order to evaluate them as a prognostic factor. It was demonstrated that ppGalNAc-T13 and trimeric Tn antigen had a relationship with worse prognosis in 35 investigated lung cancer patients. In conclusion, our results suggest that ppGalNAc-T13 might be a useful prognostic factor of lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Nogimori
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hori
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koji Kawaguchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Mii
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakada
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshio Yamauchi
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Okajima Tetsuya
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kohei Yokoi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hasegawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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14
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Bapu D, Runions J, Kadhim M, Brooks SA. N-acetylgalactosamine glycans function in cancer cell adhesion to endothelial cells: A role for truncated O-glycans in metastatic mechanisms. Cancer Lett 2016; 375:367-374. [PMID: 26994652 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Failure in O-glycan chain extension exposing Tn antigen (GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr) is clinically associated with cancer metastasis. This study provides evidence of a functional role for aberrant GalNAc-glycans in cancer cell capture from blood flow and/or adhesion to endothelium. Adhesion of breast cancer cells to human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayers was modelled under sweeping flow. Adhesion of metastatic, GalNAc glycan-rich, MCF7 and ZR 75 1 cells to endothelium increased over timepoints up to 1.5 hour, after which it plateaued. Adhesion was significantly inhibited (p < 0.001) when cell surface GalNAc-glycans were masked, an effect not seen in GalNAc glycan-poor, non-metastatic BT 474 cells. Masking irrelevant galactose- and mannose-glycans had no inhibitory effect. Imaging of cells post-adhesion over a 24 hour time course using confocal and scanning electron microscopy revealed that up to 6 hours post-adhesion, motile, rounded cancer cells featuring lamellipodia-like processes crawled on an intact endothelial monolayer. From 6-12 hours post-adhesion, cancer cells became stationary, adopted a smooth, circular flattened morphology, and endothelial cells retracted from around them leaving cleared zones in which the cancer cells proceeded to form colonies through cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepashree Bapu
- Department of Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - John Runions
- Department of Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Munira Kadhim
- Department of Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Susan Ann Brooks
- Department of Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.
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15
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Yin Z, Chowdhury S, McKay C, Baniel C, Wright WS, Bentley P, Kaczanowska K, Gildersleeve JC, Finn M, BenMohamed L, Huang X. Significant Impact of Immunogen Design on the Diversity of Antibodies Generated by Carbohydrate-Based Anticancer Vaccine. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:2364-72. [PMID: 26262839 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Development of an effective vaccine targeting tumor associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) is an appealing approach toward tumor immunotherapy. While much emphasis has been typically placed on generating high antibody titers against the immunizing antigen, the impact of immunogen design on the diversity of TACA-specific antibodies elicited has been overlooked. Herein, we report that the immunogen structure can significantly impact the breadth and the magnitude of humoral responses. Vaccine constructs that induced diverse TACA-binding antibodies provided much stronger recognition of a variety of Tn positive tumor cells. Optimization of the breadth of the antibody response led to a vaccine construct that demonstrated long lasting efficacy in a mouse tumor model. After challenged with the highly aggressive TA3Ha cells, mice immunized with the new construct exhibited a statistically significant improvement in survival relative to controls (0% vs 50% survival; p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the surviving mice developed long-term immunity against TA3Ha. Thus, both the magnitude and the breadth of antibody reactivity should be considered when designing TACA-based antitumor vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Yin
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Sudipa Chowdhury
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Craig McKay
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Claire Baniel
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - W. Shea Wright
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Philip Bentley
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Katarzyna Kaczanowska
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jeffrey C. Gildersleeve
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - M.G. Finn
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Lbachir BenMohamed
- Cellular
and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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16
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Pasqualon T, Pruessmeyer J, Weidenfeld S, Babendreyer A, Groth E, Schumacher J, Schwarz N, Denecke B, Jahr H, Zimmermann P, Dreymueller D, Ludwig A. A transmembrane C-terminal fragment of syndecan-1 is generated by the metalloproteinase ADAM17 and promotes lung epithelial tumor cell migration and lung metastasis formation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:3783-801. [PMID: 25912030 PMCID: PMC11114049 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1912-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Syndecan-1 is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan expressed by endothelial and epithelial cells and involved in wound healing and tumor growth. Surface-expressed syndecan-1 undergoes proteolytic shedding leading to the release of the soluble N-terminal ectodomain from a transmembrane C-terminal fragment (tCTF). We show that the disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 17 generates a syndecan-1 tCTF, which can then undergo further intra-membrane proteolysis by γ-secretase. Scratch-induced wound closure of cultured lung epithelial A549 tumor cells associates with increased syndecan-1 cleavage as evidenced by the release of shed syndecan-1 ectodomain and enhanced generation of the tCTF. Both wound closure and the associated syndecan-1 shedding can be suppressed by inhibition of ADAM family proteases. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion into matrigel as well as several signaling pathways implicated in these responses are suppressed by silencing of syndecan-1. These defects of syndecan-1 deficient cells can be overcome by overexpression of syndecan-1 tCTF or a corresponding tCTF of syndecan-4 but not by overexpression of a tCTF lacking the transmembrane domain. Finally, lung metastasis formation of A549 cells in SCID mice was found to be dependent on syndecan-1, and the presence of syndecan-1 tCTF was sufficient for this activity. Thus, the syndecan-1 tCTF by itself is capable of mediating critical syndecan-1-dependent functions in cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis formation and therefore can replace full length syndecan-1 in the situation of increased syndecan-1 shedding during cell migration and tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Pasqualon
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jessica Pruessmeyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sarah Weidenfeld
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Aaron Babendreyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Esther Groth
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julian Schumacher
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicole Schwarz
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bernd Denecke
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Holger Jahr
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Pascale Zimmermann
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068-CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Daniela Dreymueller
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Ludwig
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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17
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Vasconcelos-Dos-Santos A, Oliveira IA, Lucena MC, Mantuano NR, Whelan SA, Dias WB, Todeschini AR. Biosynthetic Machinery Involved in Aberrant Glycosylation: Promising Targets for Developing of Drugs Against Cancer. Front Oncol 2015; 5:138. [PMID: 26161361 PMCID: PMC4479729 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells depend on altered metabolism and nutrient uptake to generate and keep the malignant phenotype. The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway is a branch of glucose metabolism that produces UDP-GlcNAc and its derivatives, UDP-GalNAc and CMP-Neu5Ac and donor substrates used in the production of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Growing evidence demonstrates that alteration of the pool of activated substrates might lead to different glycosylation and cell signaling. It is already well established that aberrant glycosylation can modulate tumor growth and malignant transformation in different cancer types. Therefore, biosynthetic machinery involved in the assembly of aberrant glycans are becoming prominent targets for anti-tumor drugs. This review describes three classes of glycosylation, O-GlcNAcylation, N-linked, and mucin type O-linked glycosylation, involved in tumor progression, their biosynthesis and highlights the available inhibitors as potential anti-tumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isadora A Oliveira
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brasil
| | - Miguel Clodomiro Lucena
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brasil
| | - Natalia Rodrigues Mantuano
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brasil
| | - Stephen A Whelan
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Wagner Barbosa Dias
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brasil
| | - Adriane Regina Todeschini
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brasil
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18
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Ju T, Aryal RP, Kudelka MR, Wang Y, Cummings RD. The Cosmc connection to the Tn antigen in cancer. Cancer Biomark 2015; 14:63-81. [PMID: 24643043 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-130375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The Tn antigen is a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen that is not normally expressed in peripheral tissues or blood cells. Expression of this antigen, which is found in a majority of human carcinomas of all types, arises from a blockage in the normal O-glycosylation pathway in which glycans are extended from the common precursor GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr (Tn antigen). This precursor is generated in the Golgi apparatus on newly synthesized glycoproteins by a family of polypeptide α-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (ppGalNAcTs) and then extended to the common core 1 O-glycan Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr (T antigen) by a single enzyme termed the T-synthase (core 1 β3-galactosyltransferase or C1GalT). Formation of the active form of the T-synthase requires a unique molecular chaperone termed Cosmc, encoded by Cosmc on the X-chromosome (Xq24 in humans, Xc3 in mice). Cosmc resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and prevents misfolding, aggregation, and proteasome-dependent degradation of newly synthesized T-synthase. Loss of expression of active T-synthase or Cosmc can lead to expression of the Tn antigen, along with its sialylated version Sialyl Tn antigen as observed in several cancers. Both genetic and epigenetic pathways, in addition to potential metabolic regulation, can result in abnormal expression of the Tn antigen. Engineered expression of the Tn antigen by disruption of either C1GalT (T-syn) or Cosmc in mice is associated with a tremendous range of pathologies and engineered expression of the Tn antigen in mouse embryos leads to embryonic death. Studies indicate that many membrane glycoproteins expressing the Tn antigen and/or truncated O-glycans may be dysfunctional, due to degradation and/or misfolding. Thus, expression of normal O-glycans is associated with health and homeostasis whereas truncation of O-glycans, e.g. the Tn and/or Sialyl Tn antigens is associated with cancer and other pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongzhong Ju
- Department of Biochemistry and the Emory Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rajindra P Aryal
- Department of Biochemistry and the Emory Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew R Kudelka
- Department of Biochemistry and the Emory Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yingchun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and the Emory Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Biochemistry and the Emory Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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19
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Lin MC, Huang MJ, Liu CH, Yang TL, Huang MC. GALNT2 enhances migration and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma by regulating EGFR glycosylation and activity. Oral Oncol 2014; 50:478-84. [PMID: 24582885 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the leading cancers worldwide. Aberrant glycosylation affects many cellular properties in cancers, including OSCC. This study aimed to explore the role of N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 (GALNT2) in OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry was performed to study the expression of GALNT2 in an OSCC tissue microarray. Effects of GALNT2 overexpression and knockdown on cell migration and invasion were analyzed in SAS cells by transwell migration assay and matrigel invasion assay, respectively. The Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA) pull down assay was conducted to detect changes in O-glycans on acceptor substrates of GALNT2. Cell signaling was analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS GALNT2 was overexpressed in 73% (35/48) of OSCC tissues. Moreover, GALNT2 expression was localized in the invasive front and increased in high grade OSCC. GALNT2 overexpression enhanced migration and invasion of SAS cells triggered by fetal bovine serum (FBS) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). In contrast, GALNT2 knockdown inhibited SAS cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, GALNT2 overexpression enhanced VVA binding to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR and AKT. Conversely, GALNT2 knockdown decreased VVA binding and suppressed activity of EGFR and AKT. CONCLUSION GALNT2 is frequently overexpressed in OSCC, especially in the carcinoma cells at the invasive front. GALNT2 overexpression enhances the invasive potential of OSCC cells via modifying O-glycosylation and activity of EGFR. These findings suggest that GALNT2 plays an important role in the invasive behavior of OSCC and that targeting GALNT2 could be a promising approach for OSCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chun Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Juei Huang
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hui Liu
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Chuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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20
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Häuselmann I, Borsig L. Altered tumor-cell glycosylation promotes metastasis. Front Oncol 2014; 4:28. [PMID: 24592356 PMCID: PMC3923139 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant transformation of cells is associated with aberrant glycosylation presented on the cell-surface. Commonly observed changes in glycan structures during malignancy encompass aberrant expression and glycosylation of mucins; abnormal branching of N-glycans; and increased presence of sialic acid on proteins and glycolipids. Accumulating evidence supports the notion that the presence of certain glycan structures correlates with cancer progression by affecting tumor-cell invasiveness, ability to disseminate through the blood circulation and to metastasize in distant organs. During metastasis tumor-cell-derived glycans enable binding to cells in their microenvironment including endothelium and blood constituents through glycan-binding receptors – lectins. In this review, we will discuss current concepts how tumor-cell-derived glycans contribute to metastasis with the focus on three types of lectins: siglecs, galectins, and selectins. Siglecs are present on virtually all hematopoietic cells and usually negatively regulate immune responses. Galectins are mostly expressed by tumor cells and support tumor-cell survival. Selectins are vascular adhesion receptors that promote tumor-cell dissemination. All lectins facilitate interactions within the tumor microenvironment and thereby promote cancer progression. The identification of mechanisms how tumor glycans contribute to metastasis may help to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and aid to develop clinical strategies to prevent metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Häuselmann
- Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich , Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Lubor Borsig
- Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich , Zürich , Switzerland
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21
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Wang ZQ, Bachvarova M, Morin C, Plante M, Gregoire J, Renaud MC, Sebastianelli A, Bachvarov D. Role of the polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3 in ovarian cancer progression: possible implications in abnormal mucin O-glycosylation. Oncotarget 2014; 5:544-60. [PMID: 24504219 PMCID: PMC3964228 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we have identified the polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3 (GALNT3) gene as notably hypomethylated in low-malignant potential (LMP) and high-grade (HG) serous epithelial ovarian tumors, compared to normal ovarian tissues. Here we show that GALNT3 is strongly overexpressed in HG serous EOC tumors as compared to normal ovarian tissue. Moreover, the GALNT3 expression significantly correlated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) intervals in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients with advanced disease. Knockdown of the GALNT3 expression in EOC cells led to sharp decrease of cell proliferation and induced S-phase cell cycle arrest. Additionally, GALNT3 suppression significantly inhibited EOC cell migration and invasion. Gene expression profiling and consecutive network and pathway analyses confirmed these findings, as numerous genes and pathways known previously to be implicated in ovarian tumorigenesis, including EOC tumor invasion and metastasis, were found to be downregulated upon GALNT3 suppression, while some tumor suppressor genes were induced. Moreover, GALNT3 downregulation was associated with reduced MUC1 protein expression in EOC cells, probably related to destabilization of the MUC1 protein due to lack of GALNT3 glycosylation activity. GALNT3 knockdown was also accompanied with increase of the cell adhesion molecules β-catenin and E-cadherin, which are normally suppressed by MUC1 in cancer, thus supporting the role of the GALNT3-MUC1 axis in EOC invasion. Taken together, our data are indicative for a strong oncogenic potential of the GALNT3 gene in advanced EOC and identify this transferase as a novel EOC biomarker and putative EOC therapeutic target. Our findings also suggest that GALNT3 overexpression might contribute to EOC progression through aberrant mucin O-glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec (Québec), Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec (Québec), Canada
| | - Magdalena Bachvarova
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec (Québec), Canada
| | - Chantale Morin
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec (Québec), Canada
| | - Marie Plante
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec (Québec), Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laval University, Québec (Québec), Canada
| | - Jean Gregoire
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec (Québec), Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laval University, Québec (Québec), Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Renaud
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec (Québec), Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laval University, Québec (Québec), Canada
| | - Alexandra Sebastianelli
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec (Québec), Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laval University, Québec (Québec), Canada
| | - Dimcho Bachvarov
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec (Québec), Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec (Québec), Canada
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22
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Matsumoto Y, Zhang Q, Akita K, Nakada H, Hamamura K, Tsuchida A, Okajima T, Furukawa K, Urano T, Furukawa K. Trimeric Tn antigen on syndecan 1 produced by ppGalNAc-T13 enhances cancer metastasis via a complex formation with integrin α5β1 and matrix metalloproteinase 9. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:24264-76. [PMID: 23814067 PMCID: PMC3745370 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.455006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated previously that ppGalNAc-T13 (T13), identified as an up-regulated gene with increased metastasis in a DNA microarray, generated trimeric Tn (tTn) antigen (GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr)3 on Syndecan 1 in highly metastatic sublines of Lewis lung cancer. However, it is not known how tTn antigen regulates cancer metastasis. Here, we analyzed the roles of tTn antigen in cancer properties. tTn antigen on Syndecan 1 increased cell adhesion to fibronectin in an integrin-dependent manner. Furthermore, cell adhesion to fibronectin induced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and paxillin in T13-transfectant cells. In the search of Syndecan 1-interacting molecules, it was demonstrated that tTn antigen-carrying Syndecan 1 interacted with integrin α5β1 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 and that these molecules shifted to a glycolipid-enriched microdomain/rafts along with increased metastatic potential in T13-transfectant cells. We also identified a tTn substitution site on Syndecan 1, demonstrating that tTn on Syndecan 1 is essential for the interaction with integrin α5β1 as well as for the reaction with mAb MLS128. These data suggest that high expression of the ppGalNAc-T13 gene generates tTn antigen on Syndecan 1 under reduced expression of GM1, leading to enhanced invasion and metastasis via the formation of a molecular complex consisting of integrin α5β1, Syndecan 1, and MMP-9 in the glycolipid-enriched microdomain/rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- From the Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
| | - Qing Zhang
- From the Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
| | - Kaoru Akita
- the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakada
- the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Kazunori Hamamura
- From the Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
| | - Akiko Tsuchida
- From the Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
- the Noguchi Institute, 1-8-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- From the Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- From the Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
- the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan, and
| | - Takeshi Urano
- the Department of Biochemistry, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- From the Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
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23
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Fujita-Yamaguchi Y. Renewed interest in basic and applied research involving monoclonal antibodies against an oncofetal Tn-antigen. J Biochem 2013; 154:103-5. [PMID: 23740330 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvt052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tn-antigen (GalNAcα-Ser/Thr) is one of the most common aberrations associated with cancer progression and metastasis, and thus is an excellent target for development of cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. MLS128 monoclonal antibody (mAb), derived from a mouse immunized with human colon carcinoma cells, was reported to bind to two or three consecutive Tn-antigens (Tn2 or Tn3) with one-order higher affinity for Tn3 than for Tn2. Our recent studies demonstrated that MLS128 significantly inhibits breast and colon cancer cell growth. Molecular cloning of the variable regions of heavy (VH) and light (VL) chains revealed that the VH sequence of MLS128 shared 97% nucleotide sequence identity with the VH of 83D4 mAb, derived from breast cancer-immunized mice, which has a similar affinity for Tn2/Tn3. MLS128 single-chain antibodies (scFv) and scFv-Fc were constructed to confirm the affinity for synthetic Tn2/Tn3 peptides. Thermodynamic studies on MLS128 binding to Tn2/Tn3 revealed its unique nature of temperature-dependent binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Fujita-Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokai University School of Engineering, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
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24
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Nakagawa N, Takematsu H, Oka S. HNK-1 sulfotransferase-dependent sulfation regulating laminin-binding glycans occurs in the post-phosphoryl moiety on α-dystroglycan. Glycobiology 2013; 23:1066-74. [PMID: 23723439 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwt043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dystroglycan (DG) is a cell surface glycoprotein that connects extracellular matrix molecules to the intracellular cytoskeleton, functioning as mechanical and signaling axes in various physiological events. Since the ligand-binding activity of DG strictly depends on O-mannosyl glycans attached to its extracellular α-DG subunit, aberrant glycosylation causes dystroglycanopathy, a subclass of congenital muscular dystrophy. Accumulating evidence shows that like-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (LARGE), a glycosyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of a phosphodiester-linked modification on O-mannose, is essential for α-DG to gain the ligand-binding activity. We previously reported that human natural killer-1 sulfotransferase (HNK-1ST), which was originally reported as one of the enzymes responsible for HNK-1 glycoepitope, had an ability to suppress the glycosylation and the function of α-DG. In this study, we investigated how HNK-1ST regulates the glycosylation of α-DG using deletion and mutation analyses. We generated an α-DG mutant which has only one threonine residue capable of being modified by LARGE. Focusing on the single post-phosphoryl modification site, we found that HNK-1ST showed an almost complete inhibition of the LARGE-dependent modification and transferred a sulfate group to the phosphodiester-linked moiety on O-mannose. Furthermore, using an in vitro enzymatic assay system, we demonstrated that the sulfated α-DG by HNK-1ST is no longer glycosylated by LARGE. These results illustrate one possible glycosylation pathway where α-DG function is regulated by opposing actions of HNK-1ST and LARGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Nakagawa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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25
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Abstract
Carbohydrate signatures on tumor cells have functional implications in tumor growth and metastasis and constitute valuable tools in cancer diagnosis and immunotherapy. Increasing data regarding the mechanisms by which they are recognized by the immune system are facilitating the design of more efficient immunotherapeutic protocols based on cancer-associated glycan structures. Recent molecular and proteomic studies revealed that carbohydrates are recognized, not only by B cells and antibodies, but also by cells from the innate arm of immunity, as well as by T cells, and are able to induce specific T-cell immunity and cytotoxicity. In this review, we discuss and update the different strategies targeting tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens that are being evaluated for antitumor immunotherapy, an approach that will be highly relevant, especially when combined with other strategies, in the future fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Freire
- UdelaR, Facultad de Medicina, Dept. Inmunobiología, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Osinaga
- UdelaR, Facultad de Medicina, Dept. Inmunobiología, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Institut Pasteur Montevideo, Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología tumoral, Mataojo 2020, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
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