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Zhu H, Li Y, Xu H, Ma Y, Andersson G, Bongcam-Rudloff E, Li T, Zhang J, Li Y, Han J, Yang M. Role of Csdc2 in Regulating Secondary Hair Follicle Growth in Cashmere Goats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8349. [PMID: 39125915 PMCID: PMC11313070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cashmere goats possess two types of hair follicles, with the secondary hair follicles producing valuable cashmere fiber used for textiles. The growth of cashmere exhibits a seasonal pattern arising from photoperiod change. Transcription factors play crucial roles during this process. The transcription factor, cold-shock domain, containing C2 (Csdc2) plays a crucial role in modulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Our preceding research indicated that the expression of Csdc2 changes periodically during anagen to telogen. However, the mechanisms of Csdc2 in regulating SHF growth remain unclear. Here, we found that the knockdown of Csdc2 inhibits the proliferation of dermal papilla cells. ChIP-Seq analysis showed that Csdc2 had a unique DNA binding motif in SHFs. Through conjoint analysis of ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq, we revealed a total of 25 candidate target genes of Csdc2. Notably, we discovered a putative Csdc2 binding site within roundabout guidance receptor 2 (Robo2) on chromosome 1 of the goat genome. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed Csdc2's positive regulatory influence on Robo2. These findings expand the research field of hair follicle transcriptional regulatory networks, offering insights into molecular breeding strategies to enhance cashmere production in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqing Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China
| | - Yingying Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China
| | - He Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China
| | - Yuehui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Göran Andersson
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erik Bongcam-Rudloff
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tiantian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China
| | - Jilong Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China
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Gu M, Chen P, Zeng D, Jiang X, Lv Q, Li Y, Zhang F, Wan S, Zhou Q, Lu Y, Wang X, Li L. Preeclampsia impedes foetal kidney development by delivering placenta-derived exosomes to glomerular endothelial cells. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:336. [PMID: 37996949 PMCID: PMC10666440 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01286-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foetal renal dysplasia is still the main cause of adult renal disease. Placenta-derived exosomes are an important communication tool, and they may play an important role in placental (both foetal and maternal) function. We hypothesize that in women with preeclampsia, foetal renal dysplasia is impeded by delivering placenta-derived exosomes to glomerular endothelial cells. METHODS In the present study, we established a PE trophoblast oxidative stress model to isolate exosomes from supernatants by ultracentrifugation (NO-exo and H/R-exo) and collected normal and PE umbilical cord blood plasma to isolate exosomes by ultracentrifugation combined with sucrose density gradient centrifugation (N-exo and PE-exo), then we investigated their effects on foetal kidney development by in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models. RESULTS The PE trophoblast oxidative stress model was established successfully. After that, in in vitro studies, we found that H/R-exo and PE-exo could adversely affect glomerular endothelial cell proliferation, tubular formation, migration, and barrier functions. In ex vivo studies, H/R-exo and PE-exo both inhibited the growth and branch formation of kidney explants, along with the decrease of VE-cadherin and Occludin. In in vivo studies, we also found that H/R-exo and PE-exo could result in renal dysplasia, reduced glomerular number, and reduced barrier function in foetal mice. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we demonstrated that PE placenta-derived exosomes could lead to foetal renal dysplasia by delivering placenta-derived exosomes to foetal glomerular endothelial cells, which provides a novel understanding of the pathogenesis of foetal renal dysplasia. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Pengzheng Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Dongmei Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaotong Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Qingfeng Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Fengyuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Shuting Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Xietong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- The Laboratory of Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center (Institute of Translational Medicine), Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences) of China, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, 328 Jingshi East Road, Jinan, 250025, Shandong, China.
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- The Laboratory of Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center (Institute of Translational Medicine), Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences) of China, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.
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Darlow JM, Dobson MG, Green AJ, Puri P, Barton DE. Investigation of DNA variants specific to ROBO2 Isoform 'a' in Irish vesicoureteric reflux patients reveals marked CpG island variation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2265. [PMID: 32041992 PMCID: PMC7010700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58818-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
ROBO2 gene disruption causes vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) amongst other congenital anomalies. Several VUR patient cohorts have been screened for variants in the ubiquitously expressed transcript, ROBO2b, but, apart from low levels in a few adult tissues, ROBO2a expression is confined to the embryo, and might be more relevant to VUR, a developmental disorder. ROBO2a has an alternative promoter and two alternative exons which replace the first exon of ROBO2b. We screened probands from 251 Irish VUR families for DNA variants in these. The CpG island of ROBO2a, which includes the non-coding first exon, was found to contain a run of six variants abolishing/creating CpG dinucleotides, including a novel variant, present in the VUR cases in one family, that was not present in 592 healthy Irish controls. In three of these positions, the CpG was created by the non-reference allele, and the reference allele was not the nucleotide that would result from spontaneous deamination of methylcytosine to thymine, suggesting that there might have been selection for variability in number of CpGs in this island. This is in marked contrast to the CpG island at the start of ROBO2b, which only contained a single variant that abolishes a CpG.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Darlow
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Dublin, Ireland. .,National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Mark G Dobson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew J Green
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin - all at Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, (now renamed 'Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin'), Crumlin, Dublin, D12 N512, Ireland
| | - Prem Puri
- National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin - all at Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, (now renamed 'Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin'), Crumlin, Dublin, D12 N512, Ireland.,Beacon Hospital, Beacon Court, Sandyford, Dublin, D18 AK68, Ireland
| | - David E Barton
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin - all at Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, (now renamed 'Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin'), Crumlin, Dublin, D12 N512, Ireland
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Yu M, Tan L, Li Y, Chen J, Zhai Y, Rao J, Fang X, Wu X, Xu H, Shen Q. Intrauterine low-protein diet aggravates developmental abnormalities of the urinary system via the Akt/Creb3 pathway in Robo2 mutant mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 318:F43-F52. [PMID: 31630547 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00405.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The offspring of Robo2 mutant mice usually present with variable phenotypes of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). An intrauterine low-protein diet can also cause CAKUT in offspring, dominated by the duplicated collecting system phenotype. A single genetic or environment factor can only partially explain the pathogenesis of CAKUT. The present study aimed to establish an intrauterine low-protein diet roundabout 2 (Robo2) mutant mouse model and found that the intrauterine low-protein diet led to significantly increased CAKUT phenotypes in Robo2PB/+ mice offspring, dominant by a duplicated collecting system. At the same time, more ectopic and lower located ureteric buds (UBs) were observed in the intrauterine low-protein diet-fed Robo2 mutant mouse model, and the number of UB branches was reduced in the serum-free culture. During UB protrusion, intrauterine low-protein diet reduced the expression of Slit2/Robo2 in Robo2 mutant mice and affected the expression of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor/Ret, which is a key molecule for metanephric development, with increasing phospho-Akt and phospho-cAMP responsive element-binding protein 3 activity and a reduction of apoptotic cells in embryonic day 11.5 UB tissues. The mechanism by which an intrauterine low-protein diet aggravates CAKUT in Robo2 mutant mice may be related to the disruption of Akt/cAMP responsive element-binding protein 3 signaling and a reduction in apoptosis in UB tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihong Tan
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Zhai
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Rao
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and National Center for International Research of Development and Disease, Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
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Slit2-Robo2 signaling modulates the fibrogenic activity and migration of hepatic stellate cells. Life Sci 2018; 203:39-47. [PMID: 29660433 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Slit/Robo signaling was originally identified as a repulsive guidance cue in regulating axon branching and neuronal migration. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the key fibrogenic cells in the liver, which are migratory when activated, and express neural crest markers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional significance of Slit/Robo signaling in liver fibrogenesis and in HSCs. KEY FINDINGS By transcriptomic analysis it was found that axon guidance signaling pathways were significantly upregulated in both diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and thioacetamide (TAA)-induced experimental liver fibrosis. The up-regulation of the ligand Slit2 and membrane receptor Robo2 genes within this pathway was further validated in TAA-induced fibrotic livers. By immunofluorescence staining, Robo2 was localized in fibrotic septa of fibrotic liver and on the surface of HSCs. By Western blot analysis, recombinant Slit2 (rSlit2) was found to promote fibrogenic protein expression in JS1 cells, an immortalized mouse HSC line, while activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This effect was abrogated by LY294002, a PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor. In addition, rSlit2 stimulation markedly inhibited JS1 cells migration in transwell migration assays, which was abrogated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of Robo2 in the cells. SIGNIFICANCE The present study provides evidence that Slit2/Robo2 signaling mediates the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrogenesis and regulates HSCs biology, thus providing potential markers for HSCs, and therapeutic and diagnostic target toward liver fibrosis.
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Liu J, Sun L, Shen Q, Wu X, Xu H. New congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract and outcomes in Robo2 mutant mice with the inserted piggyBac transposon. BMC Nephrol 2016; 17:98. [PMID: 27460642 PMCID: PMC4962383 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-016-0308-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruption of ROBO2 in humans causes vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)/congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). PiggyBac (PB) is a DNA transposon, and its insertion often reduces-but does not eliminate-gene expression. The Robo2 insertion mutant exhibited non-dilating VUR, ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) not found in reported models. We studied the incidence and outcomes of VUR/CAKUT in this mutant and explored the relationship between Robo2 gene expression and the occurrence and severity of VUR/CAKUT. METHODS The urinary systems of newborn mutants were evaluated via Vevo 770 micro-ultrasound. Some of the normal animals-and all of the abnormal animals-were followed to adulthood and tested for VUR. Urinary obstruction experiments were performed on mice with hydronephrosis. The histology of the kidney and ureter was examined by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Robo2 (PB/PB) mice were crossed with Hoxb7/myr-Venus mice to visualize the location of the ureters relative to the bladder. RESULTS In Robo2 (PB/PB) mice, PB insertion led to an approximately 50 % decrease in Robo2 gene expression. The most common (27.07 %, 62/229) abnormality was non-dilating VUR, and no statistically significant differences were found between age groups. Approximately 6.97 % displayed ultrasound-detectable CAKUT, and these mice survived to adulthood without improvement. No severe CAKUT were found in Robo2 (PB/+) mice. The refluxing ureters showed disorganized smooth muscle fibers, reduced muscle cell populations, intercellular edema and intracytoplasmic vacuoles in smooth muscle cells. Both UPJ and UVJ muscle defects were noted in Robo2 (PB/PB) mice. CONCLUSIONS Robo2 (PB/PB) mice is the first Robo2-deficient mouse model to survive to adulthood while displaying non-dilating VUR, UPJO, and multiple ureters with blind endings. The genetic background of these mutants may influence the penetrance and severity of the CAKUT phenotypes. VUR and other CAKUT found in this mutant had little chance of spontaneous resolution, and this requires careful follow-up. We reported for the first time that the non-dilated refluxing ureters showed disorganized smooth muscle fibers and altered smooth muscle cell structure, more accurately mimicking the characteristics of human cases. Future studies are required to test the role of Robo2 in the ureteric smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Liu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatism, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 WanYuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatism, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 WanYuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatism, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 WanYuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and National Center for International Research of Development and Disease, Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatism, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 WanYuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.
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