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Asl FD, Mousazadeh M, Taji S, Bahmani A, Khashayar P, Azimzadeh M, Mostafavi E. Nano drug-delivery systems for management of AIDS: liposomes, dendrimers, gold and silver nanoparticles. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:279-302. [PMID: 37125616 PMCID: PMC10242436 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIDS causes increasing mortality every year. With advancements in nanomedicine, different nanomaterials (NMs) have been applied to treat AIDS and overcome its limitations. Among different NMs, nanoparticles (NPs) can act as nanocarriers due to their enhanced solubility, sustained release, targeting abilities and facilitation of drug-dose reductions. This review discusses recent advancements in therapeutics for AIDS/HIV using various NMs, mainly focused on three classifications: polymeric, liposomal and inorganic NMs. Polymeric dendrimers, polyethylenimine-NPs, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-NPs, chitosan and the use of liposomal-based delivery systems and inorganic NPs, including gold and silver NPs, are explored. Recent advances, current challenges and future perspectives on the use of these NMs for better management of HIV/AIDS are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Davarani Asl
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, 88138-33435, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Mousazadeh
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14115-154, Iran
| | - Shirinsadat Taji
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14115-154, Iran
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50674, Germany
| | - Abbas Bahmani
- Institute for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 14588-89694, Iran
| | - Patricia Khashayar
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Imec & Ghent University, Ghent, 9050, Belgium
| | - Mostafa Azimzadeh
- Medical Nanotechnology & Tissue Engineering Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, 89195-999, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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2
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Subhan MA, Attia SA, Torchilin VP. Advances in siRNA delivery strategies for the treatment of MDR cancer. Life Sci 2021; 274:119337. [PMID: 33713664 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) represents a promising therapeutic method that uses siRNA for cancer treatment. Although the RNAi technique has been increasingly used for clinical trials, systemic siRNA delivery into targeted cells is still challenging. The barriers impeding siRNA therapeutics delivery and impacting the treatment outcome must overcome with negligible systemic toxicity for a desirable and successful delivery of siRNA to MDR cancer cells. Nano delivery strategies have been investigated for nanocarrier functionalization, cancer immunotherapy and cancer targeting. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), dynamic polyconjugates (DPC™), GalNAc-siRNA conjugates, exosome and RBC systems have shown potential for efficient delivery of siRNA to cancer cells. Delivery of siRNA to tumor cells, immune cells to regulate T cell functions for immunotherapy are promising approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdus Subhan
- Department of Chemistry, ShahJalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh.
| | - Sara Aly Attia
- CPBN, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- CPBN, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Oncology, Radiotherapy and Plastic Surgery I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
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3
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Gorzkiewicz M, Jatczak-Pawlik I, Studzian M, Pułaski Ł, Appelhans D, Voit B, Klajnert-Maculewicz B. Glycodendrimer Nanocarriers for Direct Delivery of Fludarabine Triphosphate to Leukemic Cells: Improved Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Fludarabine. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:531-543. [PMID: 29323872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Fludarabine, a nucleoside analogue antimetabolite, has complicated pharmacokinetics requiring facilitated transmembrane transport and intracellular conversion to triphosphate nucleotide form (Ara-FATP), causing it to be susceptible to emergence of drug resistance. We are testing a promising strategy to improve its clinical efficacy by direct delivery of Ara-FATP utilizing a biocompatible glycodendrimer nanocarrier system. Here, we present results of a proof-of-concept experiment in several in vitro-cultured leukemic cell lines (CCRF, THP-1, U937) using noncovalent complexes of maltose-modified poly(propyleneimine) dendrimer and fludarabine triphosphate. We show that Ara-FATP has limited cytotoxic activity toward investigated cells relative to free nucleoside (Ara-FA), but complexation with the glycodendrimer (which does not otherwise influence cellular metabolism) drastically increases its toxicity. Moreover, we show that transport via hENT1 is a limiting step in Ara-FA toxicity, while complexation with dendrimer allows Ara-FATP to kill cells even in the presence of a hENT1 inhibitor. Thus, the use of glycodendrimers for drug delivery would allow us to circumvent naturally occurring drug resistance due to decreased transporter activity. Finally, we demonstrate that complex formation does not change the advantageous multifactorial intracellular pharmacodynamics of Ara-FATP, preserving its high capability to inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis and induce apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway. In comparison to other nucleoside analogue drugs, fludarabine is hereby demonstrated to be an optimal candidate for maltose glycodendrimer-mediated drug delivery in antileukemic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Łukasz Pułaski
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Medical Biology PAS , 106 Lodowa Street, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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4
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Studzian M, Szulc A, Janaszewska A, Appelhans D, Pułaski Ł, Klajnert-Maculewicz B. Mechanisms of Internalization of Maltose-Modified Poly(propyleneimine) Glycodendrimers into Leukemic Cell Lines. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1509-1520. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Łukasz Pułaski
- Laboratory
of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Medical Biology PAS, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
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5
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Andreozzi E, Antonelli A, Cangiotti M, Canonico B, Sfara C, Pianetti A, Bruscolini F, Sahre K, Appelhans D, Papa S, Ottaviani MF. Interactions of Nitroxide-Conjugated and Non-Conjugated Glycodendrimers with Normal and Cancer Cells and Biocompatibility Studies. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:524-538. [PMID: 28068077 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Poly(propyleneimine) glycodendrimers fully modified with maltose units were administered to different cancer cell lines and their effect on cell viability was evaluated by using MTS assay and flow cytometry. The mechanism of dendrimer-cell interactions was investigated by the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique by using a new nitroxide-conjugated glycodendrimer. The nitroxide groups did not modify both the biological properties (cell viability and apoptosis degree) of the dendrimers in the presence of the cells and the dendrimer-cell interactions. Since this class of dendrimers is already known to be biocompatible for human healthy cells, noncancer cells such as human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and macrophages were also treated with the glycodendrimer, and EPR spectra of the nitroxide-conjugated glycodendrimer were compared for cancer and noncancer cells. It was found that this dendrimer selectively affects the cell viability of tumor cells, while, surprisingly, PBMC proliferation is induced. Moreover, H-bond-active glycodendrimer-cell interactions were different for the different cancer cell lines and noncancer cells. The nitroxide-conjugated glycodendrimer was able to interact with the cell membrane and eventually cross it, getting in contact with cytosol antioxidants. This study helps to clarify the potential anticancer effect of this class of dendrimers opening to future applications of these macromolecules as new antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Andreozzi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Antonella Antonelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Michela Cangiotti
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Via Ca' Le Suore 2/4, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Barbara Canonico
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Carla Sfara
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Anna Pianetti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Francesca Bruscolini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Karin Sahre
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden , Department Bioactive and Responsive Polymers, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden , Department Bioactive and Responsive Polymers, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefano Papa
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Ottaviani
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Via Ca' Le Suore 2/4, 61029 Urbino, Italy
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Franiak-Pietryga I, Maciejewski H, Ostrowska K, Appelhans D, Voit B, Misiewicz M, Kowalczyk P, Bryszewska M, Borowiec M. Dendrimer-based nanoparticles for potential personalized therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Targeting the BCR-signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 88:156-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Wrońska N, Felczak A, Zawadzka K, Poszepczyńska M, Różalska S, Bryszewska M, Appelhans D, Lisowska K. Poly(Propylene Imine) Dendrimers and Amoxicillin as Dual-Action Antibacterial Agents. Molecules 2015; 20:19330-42. [PMID: 26512634 PMCID: PMC6331957 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201019330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides acting as antimicrobial compounds, dendrimers can be considered as agents that improve the therapeutic effectiveness of existing antibiotics. In this work we present a new approach to using amoxicillin (AMX) against reference strains of common Gram-negative pathogens, alone and in combination with poly(propylene imine) (PPI) dendrimers, or derivatives thereof, in which 100% of the available hydrogen atoms are substituted with maltose (PPI 100%malG3). The concentrations of dendrimers used remained in the range non-toxic to eukaryotic cells. The results indicate that PPI dendrimers significantly enhance the antibacterial effect of amoxicillin alone, allowing antibiotic doses to be reduced. It is important to reduce doses of amoxicillin because its widespread use in medicine could lead to the development of bacterial resistance and environmental pollution. This is the first report on the combined antibacterial activity of PPI surface-modified maltose dendrimers and amoxicillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wrońska
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Felczak
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Zawadzka
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Martyna Poszepczyńska
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Różalska
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143, Pomorska Street, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Street 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Katarzyna Lisowska
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
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8
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Antimisiaris SG, Mourtas S. Recent advances on anti-HIV vaginal delivery systems development. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 92:123-45. [PMID: 25858666 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A review of the recent outcomes regarding technologies to prevent vaginal transmission of HIV, mainly by using antiretroviral (ARV) drugs formulated as microbicides. An introduction about the HIV transmission mechanisms by the vaginal route is included, together with the recent challenges faced for development of successful microbicide products. The outcomes of clinical evaluations are mentioned, and the different formulation strategies studied to-date, with the requirements, advantages, disadvantages and limitations of each dosage-form type, are presented. Finally, the recent attempts to apply various types of nanotechnologies in order to develop advanced microbicide-products and overcome existing limitations, are discussed.
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Dobrovolskaia MA, McNeil SE. Strategy for selecting nanotechnology carriers to overcome immunological and hematological toxicities challenging clinical translation of nucleic acid-based therapeutics. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1163-75. [PMID: 25994601 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1042857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical translation of nucleic acid-based therapeutics (NATs) is hampered by assorted challenges in immunotoxicity, hematotoxicity, pharmacokinetics, toxicology and formulation. Nanotechnology-based platforms are being considered to help address some of these challenges due to the nanoparticles' ability to change drug biodistribution, stability, circulation half-life, route of administration and dosage. Addressing toxicology and pharmacology concerns by various means including NATs reformulation using nanotechnology-based carriers has been reviewed before. However, little attention was given to the immunological and hematological issues associated with nanotechnology reformulation. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on application of nanotechnology carriers for delivery of various types of NATs, and how reformulation using nanoparticles affects immunological and hematological toxicities of this promising class of therapeutic agents. EXPERT OPINION NATs share several immunological and hematological toxicities with common nanotechnology carriers. In order to avoid synergy or exaggeration of undesirable immunological and hematological effects of NATs by a nanocarrier, it is critical to consider the immunological compatibility of the nanotechnology platform and its components. Since receptors sensing nucleic acids are located essentially in all cellular compartments, a strategy for developing a nanoformulation with reduced immunotoxicity should first focus on precise delivery to the target site/cells and then on optimizing intracellular distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Dobrovolskaia
- Principal Scientist, Immunology Section Head,Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , P .O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702 , USA +1 301 8466939 ; +1 301 846 6399 ;
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Wrobel D, Appelhans D, Signorelli M, Wiesner B, Fessas D, Scheler U, Voit B, Maly J. Interaction study between maltose-modified PPI dendrimers and lipidic model membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:1490-501. [PMID: 25843678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The influence of maltose-modified poly(propylene imine) (PPI) dendrimers on dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) or dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine/dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPC/DMPG) (3%) liposomes was studied. Fourth generation (G4) PPI dendrimers with primary amino surface groups were partially (open shell glycodendrimers - OS) or completely (dense shell glycodendrimers - DS) modified with maltose residues. As a model membrane, two types of 100nm diameter liposomes were used to observe differences in the interactions between neutral DMPC and negatively charged DMPC/DMPG bilayers. Interactions were studied using fluorescence spectroscopy to evaluate the membrane fluidity of both the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts of the lipid bilayer and using differential scanning calorimetry to investigate thermodynamic parameter changes. Pulsed-filed gradient NMR experiments were carried out to evaluate common diffusion coefficient of DMPG and DS PPI in D2O when using below critical micelle concentration of DMPG. Both OS and DS PPI G4 dendrimers show interactions with liposomes. Neutral DS dendrimers exhibit stronger changes in membrane fluidity compared to OS dendrimers. The bilayer structure seems more rigid in the case of anionic DMPC/DMPG liposomes in comparison to pure and neutral DMPC liposomes. Generally, interactions of dendrimers with anionic DMPC/DMPG and neutral DMPC liposomes were at the same level. Higher concentrations of positively charged OS dendrimers induced the aggregation process with negatively charged liposomes. For all types of experiments, the presence of NaCl decreased the strength of the interactions between glycodendrimers and liposomes. Based on NMR diffusion experiments we suggest that apart from electrostatic interactions for OS PPI hydrogen bonds play a major role in maltose-modified PPI dendrimer interactions with anionic and neutral model membranes where a contact surface is needed for undergoing multiple H-bond interactions between maltose shell of glycodendrimers and surface membrane of liposome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Wrobel
- Department of Biology, Jan Evangelista Purkinje University, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic.
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Signorelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche, Universita di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Brigitte Wiesner
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Fessas
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche, Universita di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Ulrich Scheler
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan Maly
- Department of Biology, Jan Evangelista Purkinje University, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic
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Appelhans D, Klajnert-Maculewicz B, Janaszewska A, Lazniewska J, Voit B. Dendritic glycopolymers based on dendritic polyamine scaffolds: view on their synthetic approaches, characteristics and potential for biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:3968-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00339j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The potential of dendritic glycopolymers based on dendritic polyamine scaffolds for biomedical applications is presented and compared with that of the structurally related anti-adhesive dendritic glycoconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Barbara Klajnert-Maculewicz
- Department of General Biophysics
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection
- University of Lodz
- 90-236 Lodz
- Poland
| | - Anna Janaszewska
- Department of General Biophysics
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection
- University of Lodz
- 90-236 Lodz
- Poland
| | - Joanna Lazniewska
- Department of General Biophysics
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection
- University of Lodz
- 90-236 Lodz
- Poland
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
- Organic Chemistry of Polymers
- Technische Universität Dresden
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Madaan K, Kumar S, Poonia N, Lather V, Pandita D. Dendrimers in drug delivery and targeting: Drug-dendrimer interactions and toxicity issues. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2014; 6:139-50. [PMID: 25035633 PMCID: PMC4097927 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.130965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are the emerging polymeric architectures that are known for their defined structures, versatility in drug delivery and high functionality whose properties resemble with biomolecules. These nanostructured macromolecules have shown their potential abilities in entrapping and/or conjugating the high molecular weight hydrophilic/hydrophobic entities by host-guest interactions and covalent bonding (prodrug approach) respectively. Moreover, high ratio of surface groups to molecular volume has made them a promising synthetic vector for gene delivery. Owing to these properties dendrimers have fascinated the researchers in the development of new drug carriers and they have been implicated in many therapeutic and biomedical applications. Despite of their extensive applications, their use in biological systems is limited due to toxicity issues associated with them. Considering this, the present review has focused on the different strategies of their synthesis, drug delivery and targeting, gene delivery and other biomedical applications, interactions involved in formation of drug-dendrimer complex along with characterization techniques employed for their evaluation, toxicity problems and associated approaches to alleviate their inherent toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Madaan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, J. C. D. M. College of Pharmacy, Sirsa, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, J. C. D. M. College of Pharmacy, Sirsa, Haryana, India
| | - Neelam Poonia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, J. C. D. M. College of Pharmacy, Sirsa, Haryana, India
| | - Viney Lather
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, J. C. D. M. College of Pharmacy, Sirsa, Haryana, India
| | - Deepti Pandita
- Department of Pharmaceutics, J. C. D. M. College of Pharmacy, Sirsa, Haryana, India
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Markowicz-Piasecka M, Łuczak E, Chałubiński M, Broncel M, Mikiciuk-Olasik E, Sikora J. Studies towards biocompatibility of PAMAM dendrimers--overall hemostasis potential and integrity of the human aortic endothelial barrier. Int J Pharm 2014; 473:158-69. [PMID: 24998508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The last decade has brought many examples of utilization of dendrimers as drug delivery systems; however, their possible application is limited because of inherent toxicity associated with them. This study discusses the influence of G1-G4 PAMAM-NH2 dendrimers on the process of hemostasis and integrity of endothelial monolayer. The global assay of coagulation and fibrinolysis was investigated spectrophotometrically by means of CL-test at 405 nm. Thrombin (0.5 I U/mL) and t-PA (240 ng/mL) were used to obtain clotting and lysis curve. The activity of thrombin was determined by means of chromogenic substrate S-2238. The influence of PAMAM dendrimers on the barrier properties of human primary aortal endothelium was assessed by means of method based on the measurements of the impedance changes of the cells. Observed multidirectional impact of dendrimers, without affecting the thrombin activity, on clot formation, its stabilization and fibrinolysis could be regarded as important when trying to use them clinically. It is crucial that examined PAMAM dendrimers did not lead to spontaneous aggregation of fibrinogen. Importantly, examined polymers have concentration- and generation-dependent adverse effect towards the endothelial monolayer. RESULT of described studies provide additional insight into PAMAM dendrimers toxicity associated with systemic administration and underscore the necessity for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Markowicz-Piasecka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Emilia Łuczak
- Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kniaziewicza 1/5, 91-347 Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Chałubiński
- Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kniaziewicza 1/5, 91-347 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marlena Broncel
- Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kniaziewicza 1/5, 91-347 Lodz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Mikiciuk-Olasik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Sikora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
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14
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Singh O, Garg T, Rath G, Goyal AK. Microbicides for the Treatment of Sexually Transmitted HIV Infections. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 2014; 2014:352425. [PMID: 26556193 PMCID: PMC4590794 DOI: 10.1155/2014/352425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 34 million people were living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) at the end of 2011. From the last two decades, researchers are actively involved in the development of an effective HIV-1 treatment, but the results intended are still doubtful about the eradication of HIV. The HIV-1 virus has gone from being an "inherently untreatable" infectious agent to the one liable to be affected by a range of approved therapies. Candidate microbicides have been developed to target specific steps in the process of viral transmission. Microbicides are self-administered agents that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the aim of preventing, or reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV-1. The development of efficient, widely available, and low-cost microbicides to prevent sexually transmitted HIV infections should be given high priority. In this review, we studied the various forms of microbicides, their mechanism of action, and their abundant approaches to control the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Onkar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Tarun Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Goutam Rath
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Amit K. Goyal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
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15
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Ziemba B, Franiak-Pietryga I, Pion M, Appelhans D, Muñoz-Fernández MÁ, Voit B, Bryszewska M, Klajnert-Maculewicz B. Toxicity and proapoptotic activity of poly(propylene imine) glycodendrimers in vitro: Considering their contrary potential as biocompatible entity and drug molecule in cancer. Int J Pharm 2014; 461:391-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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16
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Wu C, Zhou X, Xu Y, Li H, Tian Y, Xu X, Jin Z. Characterization and mechanism of action of Microbacterium imperiale glucan 1,4-α-maltotriohydrolase. Carbohydr Res 2014; 384:46-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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