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Ogawa T, Kan-O K, Shiota A, Fujita A, Ishii Y, Fukuyama S, Matsumoto K. Inhibition of PI3Kδ Differentially Regulates Poly I:C- and Human Metapneumovirus-Induced PD-L1 and PD-L2 Expression in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:767666. [PMID: 34899719 PMCID: PMC8656419 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.767666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchial epithelial cells are front sentinels eliciting innate and adaptive immunity to respiratory viral pathogens. Recognition of viral double-stranded RNA induces antiviral interferon (IFN) responses in bronchial epithelial cells. Co-inhibitory molecules programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and ligand 2 (PD-L2) were also induced on bronchial epithelial cells, which bind programmed cell death 1 on T cell and inhibit the function of virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte. A previous study showed that antiviral type I IFN increased PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression in cultured melanoma cells. However, it remains unknown whether antiviral IFNs affect PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression in bronchial epithelial cells. In addition, we previously reported that inhibition of PI3Kδ signaling enhanced antiviral IFN responses in human primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs). Here we assessed the effect of exogenous IFNs or a selective PI3Kδ inhibitor IC87114 on PD-L1 and PD-L2 in PBECs stimulated with a synthetic double-stranded RNA poly I:C or human metapneumovirus. Treatment with IFNβ or IFNλ increased PD-L1 and PD-L2, and IFNβ or IFNλ treatment plus poly I:C further increased both expressions. Treatment with IC87114 or transfection with siRNA targeting PI3K p110δ enhanced poly I:C–induced gene and protein expression of PD-L2, whereas IC87114 suppressed poly I:C–induced PD-L1. IC87114 enhanced poly I:C–induced gene expression of IFNβ, IFNλ, and IFN-regulated genes via increased TBK1 and IRF3 phosphorylation. Transfection with siIRF3 counteracted the enhancement of poly I:C–induced PD-L2 by IC87114, whereas IC87114 suppressed poly I:C–induced PD-L1 regardless of transfection with siNC or siIRF3. Similar effects of IC87114 on PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression were observed in human metapneumovirus–infected PBECs. We showed for the first time that type I and type III IFNs induced the expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 in PBECs. Our findings suggest that during viral infections, inhibition of PI3Kδ differentially regulates PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression in bronchial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Ogawa
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiko Kan-O
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Endoscopic Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ayaka Shiota
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akitaka Fujita
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yumiko Ishii
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoru Fukuyama
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichiro Matsumoto
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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2
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Fujita A, Kan-O K, Tonai K, Yamamoto N, Ogawa T, Fukuyama S, Nakanishi Y, Matsumoto K. Inhibition of PI3Kδ Enhances Poly I:C-Induced Antiviral Responses and Inhibits Replication of Human Metapneumovirus in Murine Lungs and Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:432. [PMID: 32218789 PMCID: PMC7079687 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections of the airway can exacerbate respiratory diseases, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and accelerate disease progression. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)δ, a class 1A PI3K, has been studied as a potential target for achieving anti-oncogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the role of PI3Kδ in antiviral responses is poorly understood. Using a synthetic double-stranded RNA poly I:C and a selective PI3Kδ inhibitor IC87114, we investigated the role of PI3Kδ signaling in poly I:C-induced expression of the T lymphocyte-inhibitory molecule programmed death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), inflammatory responses and antiviral interferon (IFN) responses. C57BL/6N mice were treated with IC87114 or vehicle by intratracheal (i.t.) instillation followed by i.t. administration of poly I:C. Poly I:C increased PD-L1 expression on epithelial cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils in the lungs and IC87114 suppressed poly I:C-induced PD-L1 expression on epithelial cells and neutrophils possibly via inhibition of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. IC87114 also attenuated poly I:C-induced increases in numbers of total cells, macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes, as well as levels of KC, IL-6 and MIP-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Gene expression of IFNβ, IFNλ2 and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) were upregulated in response to poly I:C and a further increase in gene expression was observed following IC87114 treatment. In addition, IC87114 enhanced poly I:C-induced phosphorylation of IRF3. We assessed the effects of IC87114 on human primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs). IC87114 decreased poly I:C-induced PD-L1 expression on PBECs and secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 into culture supernatants. IC87114 further enhanced poly I:C- induced increases in the concentrations of IFNβ and IFNλ1/3 in culture supernatants as well as upregulated gene expression of ISGs in PBECs. Similar results were obtained in PBECs transfected with siRNA targeting the PIK3CD gene encoding PI3K p110δ, and stimulated with poly I:C. In human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infection of PBECs, IC87114 suppressed hMPV-induced PD-L1 expression and reduced viral replication without changing the production levels of IFNβ and IFNλ1/3 in culture supernatants. These data suggest that IC87114 may promote virus elimination and clearance through PD-L1 downregulation and enhanced antiviral IFN responses, preventing prolonged lung inflammation, which exacerbates asthma and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitaka Fujita
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiko Kan-O
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Endoscopic Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ken Tonai
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Intensive Care, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Norio Yamamoto
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ogawa
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoru Fukuyama
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakanishi
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichiro Matsumoto
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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3
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Xin T, Han H, Wu W, Huang X, Cui J, Matsubara JA, Song J, Wang F, Colyer M, Lei H. Idelalisib inhibits vitreous-induced Akt activation and proliferation of retinal pigment epithelial cells from epiretinal membranes. Exp Eye Res 2019; 190:107884. [PMID: 31786159 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a blinding fibrotic eye disease that develops in 8-10% of patients who undergo primary retinal detachment-reparative surgery and in 40-60% of patients with open-globe injury. At present, there is no pharmacological treatment for this devastating disease. Vitreal growth factors activate their respective receptors of cells in the vitreous, trigger their downstream signaling transduction (e.g. phosphoinositide 3 kinases (PI3Ks)/Akt), and drive cellular responses intrinsic to the pathogenesis of PVR. PI3Ks play a central role in experimental PVR. However, which isoform(s) are involved in PVR pathogenesis remain unknown. Herein, we show that p110δ, a catalytic subunit of receptor-regulated PI3K isoform δ, is highly expressed in epiretinal membranes from patients with PVR, and that idelalisib, a specific inhibitor of PI3Kδ, effectively inhibits vitreous-induced Akt activation, proliferation, migration and contraction of retinal pigment epithelial cells derived from an epiretinal membrane of a PVR patient. Small molecules of kinase inhibitors have shown great promise as a class of therapeutics for a variety of human diseases. The data herein suggest that idelalisib is a promising PVR prophylactic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Xin
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Haote Han
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Wenyi Wu
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Xionggao Huang
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Jing Cui
- The University of British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Jingyuan Song
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Marcus Colyer
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed-Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hetian Lei
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, PR China; Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
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4
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Salmaninejad A, Valilou SF, Shabgah AG, Aslani S, Alimardani M, Pasdar A, Sahebkar A. PD-1/PD-L1 pathway: Basic biology and role in cancer immunotherapy. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16824-16837. [PMID: 30784085 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the course of past few years, cancer immunotherapy has been accompanied with promising results. However, preliminary investigations with respect to immunotherapy concentrated mostly on targeting the immune checkpoints, nowadays, emerge as the most efficient strategy to raise beneficial antitumor immune responses. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) plays an important role in subsiding immune responses and promoting self-tolerance through suppressing the activity of T cells and promoting differentiation of regulatory T cells. PD-1 is considered as an immune checkpoint and protects against autoimmune responses through both induction of apoptosis in antigen-specific T cells and inhibiting apoptosis in regulatory T cells. Several clinical trials exerting PD-1 monoclonal antibodies as well as other immune-checkpoint blockades have had prosperous outcomes and opened new horizons in tumor immunotherapy. Nonetheless, a bulk of patients have failed to respond to these newly emerging immune-based approach and the survival rate was not satisfying. Additional strategies, especially combination therapies, has been initiated and been further promising. Attempts to identify novel and well-suited predictive biomarkers are also sensed. In this review, the promotion of cancer immunotherapy targeting PD-1 immunoinhibitory pathway is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Salmaninejad
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Farajzadeh Valilou
- Medical Genetics Network (MeGeNe), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Aslani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Alimardani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Pasdar
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Division of Applied Medicine, Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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5
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Mahdaviani SA, Rezaei N. Pulmonary Manifestations of Predominantly Antibody Deficiencies. PULMONARY MANIFESTATIONS OF PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY DISEASES 2019. [PMCID: PMC7123456 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-00880-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Predominantly antibody deficiencies (PADs) are the most frequent forms of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs). Commonly accompanied with complications involving several body systems, immunoglobulin substitution therapy along with prophylactic antibiotics remained the cornerstone of treatment for PADs and related complications. Patients with respiratory complications should be prescribed an appropriate therapy as soon as possible and have to be adhering to more and longer medical therapies. Recent studies identified a gap for screening protocols to monitor respiratory manifestations in patients with PADs. In the present chapter, the pulmonary manifestations of different PADs for each have been discussed. The chapter is mainly focused on X-linked agammaglobulinemia, common variable immunodeficiency, activated PI3K-δ syndrome, LRBA deficiency, CD19 complex deficiencies, CD20 deficiency, other monogenic defects associated with hypogammaglobulinemia, immunoglobulin class switch recombination deficiencies affecting B-cells, transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy, and selective IgA deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Alireza Mahdaviani
- Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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6
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Condliffe AM, Chandra A. Respiratory Manifestations of the Activated Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Delta Syndrome. Front Immunol 2018; 9:338. [PMID: 29556229 PMCID: PMC5844940 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome (APDS), also known as p110δ-activating mutation causing senescent T cells, lymphadenopathy, and immunodeficiency (PASLI), is a combined immunodeficiency syndrome caused by gain-of-function mutations in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) genes PIK3CD (encoding p110δ: APDS1 or PASLI-CD) and PIK3R1 (encoding p85α: APDS2 or PASLI-R1). While the disease is clinically heterogeneous, respiratory symptoms and complications are near universal and often severe. Infections of the ears, sinuses, and upper and lower respiratory tracts are the earliest and most frequent manifestation of APDS, secondary to both respiratory viruses and to bacterial pathogens typical of defective B cell function. End organ damage in the form of small airways disease and bronchiectasis frequently complicates APDS, but despite documented T cell defects, opportunistic infections have rarely been observed. Antimicrobial (principally antibiotic) prophylaxis and/or immunoglobulin replacement have been widely used to reduce the frequency and severity of respiratory infection in APDS, but outcome data to confirm the efficacy of these interventions are limited. Despite these measures, APDS patients are often afflicted by benign lymphoproliferative disease, which may present in the respiratory system as tonsillar/adenoidal enlargement, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, or mucosal nodular lymphoid hyperplasia, potentially causing airways obstruction and compounding the infection phenotype. Treatment with rapamycin and PI3Kδ inhibitors has been reported to be of benefit in benign lymphoproliferation, but hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ideally undertaken before permanent airway damage is established) remains the only curative treatment for APDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison M Condliffe
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Chandra
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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7
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PD-1 and its ligands are important immune checkpoints in cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:2171-2186. [PMID: 27974689 PMCID: PMC5356790 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligands (PD-Ls) have been identified as negative immunoregulatory molecules that promote immune evasion of tumor cells. The interaction of PD-1 and PD-Ls inhibits the function of T cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) while increasing the function of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs). This condition causes the tumor cells to evade immune response. Thus, the blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 enhances anti-tumor immunity by reducing the number and/or the suppressive activity of Tregs and by restoring the activity of effector T cells. Furthermore, some monoclonal antibodies blockading PD-1/PD-Ls axis have achieved good effect and received Food and Drug Administration approval. The role of PD-1/PD-Ls in tumors has been well studied, but little is known on the mechanism by which PD-1 blocks T-cell activation. In this study, we provide a brief overview on the discovery and regulatory mechanism of PD-1 and PD-L1 dysregulation in tumors, as well as the function and signaling pathway of PD-1 and its ligands; their roles in tumor evasion and clinical treatment were also studied.
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8
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Seki N, Kan-O K, Matsumoto K, Fukuyama S, Hamano S, Tonai K, Ota K, Inoue H, Nakanishi Y. Interleukin-22 attenuates double-stranded RNA-induced upregulation of PD-L1 in airway epithelial cells via a STAT3-dependent mechanism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 494:242-248. [PMID: 29032197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Double-stranded RNA derived from viruses induces host immune responses. PD-L1, also known as B7-H1, is an immune-checkpoint molecule associated with the escape of viruses from host immune systems, which plays a role in the persistence of viral infection, resulting in exacerbations of underlying diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Interleukin (IL)-22 is produced from various immune cells and has protective properties on mucosal tissue. The binding of IL-22 to IL-22 receptor induces STAT3 activation. We investigated the effect of IL-22 on the expression in airway epithelial cells in vitro and in mouse lungs in vivo after the stimulation with an analog of viral double-stranded RNA, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C). Stimulation with poly I:C upregulated PD-L1 expression on BEAS-2B cells. This upregulation of PD-L1 was attenuated by IL-22 administration. STAT3 phosphorylation was induced by IL-22 and poly I:C. Treatment of cells with STAT3 siRNA abolished the effect of IL-22 on the poly I:C-induced upregulation of PD-L1. This upregulation of PD-L1 was also attenuated by IL-11, a cytokine inducing STAT3 phosphorylation, in BEAS-2B cells. In mouse lung cells in vivo, IL-22 suppressed poly I:C-induced upregulation of PD-L1. These results suggest that IL-22 attenuates virus-induced upregulation of PD-L1 in airway epithelial cells via a STAT3-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanae Seki
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Keiko Kan-O
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Matsumoto
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Satoru Fukuyama
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Saaka Hamano
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Ken Tonai
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Keiichi Ota
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Hiromasa Inoue
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0075, Japan.
| | - Yoichi Nakanishi
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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Park Y, Park JM, Kim DH, Kwon J, Kim IA. Inhibition of PI4K IIIα radiosensitizes in human tumor xenograft and immune-competent syngeneic murine tumor model. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110392-110405. [PMID: 29299156 PMCID: PMC5746391 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol (PI) 4-kinase (PI4K) has emerged as a potential target for anti-cancer treatment. We recently reported that simeprevir, an anti-hepatitis C viral (HCV) agent, radiosensitized diverse human cancer cells by inhibiting PI4K IIIα in vitro. In this study, we investigated the radiosensitizing effect of simeprevir in an in vivo tumor xenograft model and the mechanism of its interaction. The immune modulatory effect of PI4K IIIα was evaluated in an immune-competent syngeneic murine tumor model. In in vivo xenograft models using BT474 breast cancer and U251 brain tumor cells, inhibition of PI4K IIIα induced by simeprevir combined with radiation significantly delayed tumor growth compared to either treatment alone. PI4K IIIα inhibition led to eversion of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition as suggested by decreased invasion/migration and vascular tube formation. Simeprevir down-regulated PI3Kδ expression and PI3Kδ inhibition using RNA interference radiosensitized breast cancer cells. PI4K IIIα inhibition enhanced the radiosensitizing effect of anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and decreased the expression of PI3Kδ, phosphorylated-Akt, and PD-L1 in breast cancer cells co-cultured with human T-lymphocytes. The immune modulatory effect in vivo was evaluated in immune-competent syngeneic 4T1 murine tumor models. Simeprevir showed significant radiosensitizing effect and immune modulatory function by affecting the CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. These findings suggest that targeting PI4K IIIα with an anti-HCV agent is a viable drug repositioning approach for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of radiation therapy. The immune regulatory function of PI4K IIIα via modulation of PI3Kδ suggests a strategy for enhancing the radiosensitizing effect of immune checkpoint blockades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghee Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Medical Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dan Hyo Kim
- Medical Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeanny Kwon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ah Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Medical Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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10
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Matsumoto K, Inoue H. Viral infections in asthma and COPD. Respir Investig 2013; 52:92-100. [PMID: 24636264 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Airway viral infections are associated with the pathogenesis of asthma and COPD. It has been argued that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in infancy is a probable causal factor in the development of pediatric asthma. RSV infections tend to induce Th2-biased immune responses in the host airways. RSV infection, atopy, and low pulmonary function in neonates may work synergistically toward the development of pediatric asthma. Human rhinovirus (HRV) is a representative virus associated with the exacerbation of asthma in both children and adults. Viral infections trigger innate immune responses including granulocytic inflammation and worsen the underlying inflammation due to asthma and COPD. The innate immune responses involve type-I and -III interferon (IFN) production, which plays an important role in anti-viral responses, and the airway epithelia of asthmatics reportedly exhibit defects in the virus-induced IFN responses, which renders these individuals more susceptible to viral infection. A similarly impaired IFN response is seen in COPD, and several investigators propose that latent adenoviral infection may be involved in COPD development. Persistent RSV infections were detected in a sub-population of patients with COPD and were associated with the accelerated decline of lung function. The virus-induced upregulation of co-inhibitory molecules in the airway epithelium partly accounts for the persistent infections. Experimental animal models for virus-asthma/COPD interactions have shed light on the underlying immune mechanisms and are expected to help develop novel approaches to treat respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Matsumoto
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Hiromasa Inoue
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan.
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