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Moon DO. Deciphering the Role of BCAR3 in Cancer Progression: Gene Regulation, Signal Transduction, and Therapeutic Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1674. [PMID: 38730626 PMCID: PMC11083344 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This review comprehensively explores the gene BCAR3, detailing its regulation at the gene, mRNA, and protein structure levels, and delineating its multifunctional roles in cellular signaling within cancer contexts. The discussion covers BCAR3's involvement in integrin signaling and its impact on cancer cell migration, its capability to induce anti-estrogen resistance, and its significant functions in cell cycle regulation. Further highlighted is BCAR3's modulation of immune responses within the tumor microenvironment, a novel area of interest that holds potential for innovative cancer therapies. Looking forward, this review outlines essential future research directions focusing on transcription factor binding studies, isoform-specific expression profiling, therapeutic targeting of BCAR3, and its role in immune cell function. Each segment builds towards a holistic understanding of BCAR3's operational mechanisms, presenting a critical evaluation of its therapeutic potential in oncology. This synthesis aims to not only extend current knowledge but also catalyze further research that could pivotally influence the development of targeted cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Oh Moon
- Department of Biology Education, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Gyeongsan-si 38453, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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2
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Exposure to nanographene oxide induces gene expression dysregulation in normal human astrocytes. Endocr Regul 2022; 56:216-226. [DOI: 10.2478/enr-2022-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective. Nanographene oxide, an oxidation derivative of graphene, is considered to be one of the nanomaterials attractive for biomedical applications, although this nanomaterial is toxic. The increasing exploitation of graphene-based materials necessitates a comprehensive evaluation of the potential impact of these materials on the human health. Moreover, it is necessary to investigate in detail the mechanisms of its toxic effect on living cells particularly at the genome level. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of low doses of nanographene oxide on the expression of key regulatory genes in normal human astrocytes.
Methods. Normal human astrocytes, line NHA/TS, were exposed to low doses of nanographene oxide (1 and 4 ng/ml) for 24 h. RNA was extracted from the cells and used for cDNA synthesis. The expression levels of NAMPT, TSPAN13, BCAR3, BRCA1, PTGS2, P4HA1, and P4HA2 mRNAs as well as microRNAs were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
Results. It was found that the low doses of nanographene oxide induced a dysregulation in the expression of the key regulatory genes in normal human astrocytes in dose-dependent (1 and 4 ng/ml) and gene-specific manner. Nanographene oxide also strongly suppressed the expression of NAMPT, BCAR3, and TSPAN13 genes and significantly up-regulated BRCA1, PTGS2, P4HA1, and P4HA2 ones with a more significant effect in P4HA1 and P4HA2 genes. The expression of miR-96-5p and miR-145-5p was also down-regulated in astrocytes treated with nanographene oxide in a dose-dependent manner.
Conclusion. The data obtained demonstrate that the low doses of nanographene oxide disturbed the genome functions by changing the expression levels of key regulatory genes in gene-specific and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, a higher dose of nanographene oxide induced more pronounced changes in expression of genes indicating for both genotoxic and neurotoxic possible effects in the normal human astrocytes.
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3
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Buaban S, Lengnudum K, Boonkum W, Phakdeedindan P. Genome-wide association study on milk production and somatic cell score for Thai dairy cattle using weighted single-step approach with random regression test-day model. J Dairy Sci 2021; 105:468-494. [PMID: 34756438 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies are a powerful tool to identify genomic regions and variants associated with phenotypes. However, only limited mutual confirmation from different studies is available. The objectives of this study were to identify genomic regions as well as genes and pathways associated with the first-lactation milk, fat, protein, and total solid yields; fat, protein, and total solid percentage; and somatic cell score (SCS) in a Thai dairy cattle population. Effects of SNPs were estimated by a weighted single-step GWAS, which back-solved the genomic breeding values predicted using single-step genomic BLUP (ssGBLUP) fitting a single-trait random regression test-day model. Genomic regions that explained at least 0.5% of the total genetic variance were selected for further analyses of candidate genes. Despite the small number of genotyped animals, genomic predictions led to an improvement in the accuracy over the traditional BLUP. Genomic predictions using weighted ssGBLUP were slightly better than the ssGBLUP. The genomic regions associated with milk production traits contained 210 candidate genes on 19 chromosomes [Bos taurus autosome (BTA) 1 to 7, 9, 11 to 16, 20 to 21, 26 to 27 and 29], whereas 21 candidate genes on 3 chromosomes (BTA 11, 16, and 21) were associated with SCS. Many genomic regions explained a small fraction of the genetic variance, indicating polygenic inheritance of the studied traits. Several candidate genes coincided with previous reports for milk production traits in Holstein cattle, especially a large region of genes on BTA14. We identified 141 and 5 novel genes related to milk production and SCS, respectively. These novel genes were also found to be functionally related to heat tolerance (e.g., SLC45A2, IRAG1, and LOC101902172), longevity (e.g., SYT10 and LOC101903327), and fertility (e.g., PAG1). These findings may be attributed to indirect selection in our population. Identified biological networks including intracellular cell transportation and protein catabolism implicate milk production, whereas the immunological pathways such as lymphocyte activation are closely related to SCS. Further studies are required to validate our findings before exploiting them in genomic selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Buaban
- Bureau of Animal Husbandry and Genetic Improvement, Department of Livestock Development, Pathum Thani 12000, Thailand
| | - K Lengnudum
- Bureau of Biotechnology in Livestock Production, Department of Livestock Development, Pathum Thani 12000, Thailand
| | - W Boonkum
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - P Phakdeedindan
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Genomics and Precision Dentistry Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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4
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Steenkiste EM, Berndt JD, Pilling C, Simpkins C, Cooper JA. A Cas-BCAR3 co-regulatory circuit controls lamellipodia dynamics. eLife 2021; 10:67078. [PMID: 34169835 PMCID: PMC8266394 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin adhesion complexes regulate cytoskeletal dynamics during cell migration. Adhesion activates phosphorylation of integrin-associated signaling proteins, including Cas (p130Cas, BCAR1), by Src-family kinases. Cas regulates leading-edge protrusion and migration in cooperation with its binding partner, BCAR3. However, it has been unclear how Cas and BCAR3 cooperate. Here, using normal epithelial cells, we find that BCAR3 localization to integrin adhesions requires Cas. In return, Cas phosphorylation, as well as lamellipodia dynamics and cell migration, requires BCAR3. These functions require the BCAR3 SH2 domain and a specific phosphorylation site, Tyr 117, that is also required for BCAR3 downregulation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. These findings place BCAR3 in a co-regulatory positive-feedback circuit with Cas, with BCAR3 requiring Cas for localization and Cas requiring BCAR3 for activation and downstream signaling. The use of a single phosphorylation site in BCAR3 for activation and degradation ensures reliable negative feedback by the ubiquitin-proteasome system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Steenkiste
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Jason D Berndt
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Carissa Pilling
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Christopher Simpkins
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Jonathan A Cooper
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
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5
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Bein K, Ganguly K, Martin TM, Concel VJ, Brant KA, Di YPP, Upadhyay S, Fabisiak JP, Vuga LJ, Kaminski N, Kostem E, Eskin E, Prows DR, Jang AS, Leikauf GD. Genetic determinants of ammonia-induced acute lung injury in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 320:L41-L62. [PMID: 33050709 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00276.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a genetically diverse panel of 43 mouse strains was exposed to ammonia, and genome-wide association mapping was performed employing a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assembly. Transcriptomic analysis was used to help resolve the genetic determinants of ammonia-induced acute lung injury. The encoded proteins were prioritized based on molecular function, nonsynonymous SNP within a functional domain or SNP within the promoter region that altered expression. This integrative functional approach revealed 14 candidate genes that included Aatf, Avil, Cep162, Hrh4, Lama3, Plcb4, and Ube2cbp, which had significant SNP associations, and Aff1, Bcar3, Cntn4, Kcnq5, Prdm10, Ptcd3, and Snx19, which had suggestive SNP associations. Of these genes, Bcar3, Cep162, Hrh4, Kcnq5, and Lama3 are particularly noteworthy and had pathophysiological roles that could be associated with acute lung injury in several ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiflai Bein
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Koustav Ganguly
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Unit of Integrated Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Timothy M Martin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Vincent J Concel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kelly A Brant
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Y P Peter Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Swapna Upadhyay
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Unit of Integrated Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - James P Fabisiak
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Louis J Vuga
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Medicine, Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Emrah Kostem
- Departments of Computer Science and Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eleazar Eskin
- Departments of Computer Science and Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Daniel R Prows
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Ann-Soo Jang
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - George D Leikauf
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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6
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Fazi B, Felsani A, Grassi L, Moles A, D'Andrea D, Toschi N, Sicari D, De Bonis P, Anile C, Guerrisi MG, Luca E, Farace MG, Maira G, Ciafré SA, Mangiola A. The transcriptome and miRNome profiling of glioblastoma tissues and peritumoral regions highlights molecular pathways shared by tumors and surrounding areas and reveals differences between short-term and long-term survivors. Oncotarget 2016; 6:22526-52. [PMID: 26188123 PMCID: PMC4673180 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and deadliest primary brain tumor, driving patients to death within 15 months after diagnosis (short term survivors, ST), with the exception of a small fraction of patients (long term survivors, LT) surviving longer than 36 months. Here we present deep sequencing data showing that peritumoral (P) areas differ from healthy white matter, but share with their respective frankly tumoral (C) samples, a number of mRNAs and microRNAs representative of extracellular matrix remodeling, TGFβ and signaling, of the involvement of cell types different from tumor cells but contributing to tumor growth, such as microglia or reactive astrocytes. Moreover, we provide evidence about RNAs differentially expressed in ST vs LT samples, suggesting the contribution of TGF-β signaling in this distinction too. We also show that the edited form of miR-376c-3p is reduced in C vs P samples and in ST tumors compared to LT ones. As a whole, our study provides new insights into the still puzzling distinction between ST and LT tumors, and sheds new light onto that "grey" zone represented by the area surrounding the tumor, which we show to be characterized by the expression of several molecules shared with the proper tumor mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Fazi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Armando Felsani
- CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Rome, Italy.,Genomnia srl, Lainate, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Grassi
- Department of Physics, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Moles
- CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Rome, Italy.,Genomnia srl, Lainate, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniel D'Andrea
- Department of Physics, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Toschi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daria Sicari
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Bonis
- Department of Head and Neck, Institute of Neurosurgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.,Neurosurgery, Ferrara University Hospital S. Anna, Cona di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carmelo Anile
- Department of Head and Neck, Institute of Neurosurgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Emilia Luca
- Institute of Anatomic Pathology, University Hospital "A. Gemelli", Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Farace
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Maira
- Department of Head and Neck, Institute of Neurosurgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Anna Ciafré
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Annunziato Mangiola
- Department of Head and Neck, Institute of Neurosurgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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7
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Sirard MA. Somatic environment and germinal differentiation in antral follicle: The effect of FSH withdrawal and basal LH on oocyte competence acquisition in cattle. Theriogenology 2016; 86:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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8
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Sieuwerts AM, Lyng MB, Meijer-van Gelder ME, de Weerd V, Sweep FCGJ, Foekens JA, Span PN, Martens JWM, Ditzel HJ. Evaluation of the ability of adjuvant tamoxifen-benefit gene signatures to predict outcome of hormone-naive estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen in the advanced setting. Mol Oncol 2014; 8:1679-89. [PMID: 25081647 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify molecular markers indicative of response to tamoxifen and easily implemented in the routine setting, we recently reported three gene signatures that could stratify post-menopausal tamoxifen-treated, estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) patients according to outcome in the adjuvant setting. Here, we evaluated the predictive potential of the total of 14 genes included in the 3 gene signatures using 2 hormone-naïve Dutch ER+ cohorts of a total of 285 recurrent breast cancer patients treated with first-line tamoxifen. mRNA levels were measured by reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and the length of progression-free survival (PFS) was used as the primary endpoint. A Mann-Whitney U test was used to select for differentially expressed genes between tumors of patients who showed or did not show progressive disease within 6 months after start of tamoxifen treatment. Cox univariate and multivariate regression analysis for PFS were used to further assess their (independent) predictive potential. Five (BCAR3, BCL2, ESR1, IGF1R, and NCOA1) of the 14 genes analyzed showed significantly higher mRNA levels in tumors of patients who showed no disease progression within 6 months. Only BCAR3, BCL2 and NAT1 were significantly associated with a favorable PFS in multivariate analysis that included the traditional predictive factors: age, dominant relapse site, disease-free interval, ER and progesterone receptor (PGR), and adjuvant chemotherapy. This study shows that BCAR3, BCL2 and NAT1 in particular exhibit predictive promise regarding the efficacy of tamoxifen treatment in recurrent disease, in addition to the previously shown favorable outcome in the adjuvant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anieta M Sieuwerts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Maria B Lyng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marion E Meijer-van Gelder
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vanja de Weerd
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fred C G J Sweep
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - John A Foekens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul N Span
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - John W M Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henrik J Ditzel
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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