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Vishwakarma KK, Kolthur US, Venkatramani R. Multiple Functional Protein-Protein Interaction Interfaces Allosterically Regulate ATP-Binding in Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-1. Proteins 2024. [PMID: 39012208 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The ATP-dependent phosphorylation activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), an essential enzyme for cell cycle progression, is regulated by interactions with Cyclin-B, substrate, and Cks proteins. We have recently shown that active site acetylation in CDK1 abrogated binding to Cyclin-B which posits an intriguing long-range communication between the catalytic site and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) interface. Now, we demonstrate a general allosteric link between the CDK1 active site and all three of its PPI interfaces through atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Specifically, we examined ATP binding free energies to CDK1 in native nonacetylated (K33wt) and acetylated (K33Ac) forms as well as the acetyl-mimic K33Q and the acetyl-null K33R mutant forms, which are accessible in vitro. In agreement with experiments, ATP binding is stronger in K33wt relative to the other three perturbed states. Free energy decomposition reveals, in addition to expected local changes, significant and selective nonlocal entropic responses to ATP binding/perturbation of K33 from theαC $$ \alpha C $$ -helix, activation loop (A-loop), andαG $$ \alpha G $$ -α $$ \alpha $$ H segments in CDK1 which interface with Cyclin-B, substrate, and Cks proteins, respectively. Statistical analysis reveals that while entropic responses of protein segments to active site perturbations are on average correlated with their dynamical changes, such correlations are lost in about 9%-48% of the dataset depending on the segment. Besides proving the bi-directional communication between the active site and the CDK1:Cyclin-B interface, our study uncovers a hitherto unknown mode of ATP binding regulation by multiple PPI interfaces in CDK1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ullas Seetharam Kolthur
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ravindra Venkatramani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
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2
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Betsinger CN, Justice JL, Tyl MD, Edgar JE, Budayeva HG, Abu YF, Cristea IM. Sirtuin 2 promotes human cytomegalovirus replication by regulating cell cycle progression. mSystems 2023; 8:e0051023. [PMID: 37916830 PMCID: PMC10734535 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00510-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE This study expands the growing understanding that protein acetylation is a highly regulated molecular toggle of protein function in both host anti-viral defense and viral replication. We describe a pro-viral role for the human enzyme SIRT2, showing that its deacetylase activity supports HCMV replication. By integrating quantitative proteomics, flow cytometry cell cycle assays, microscopy, and functional virology assays, we investigate the temporality of SIRT2 functions and substrates. We identify a pro-viral role for the SIRT2 deacetylase activity via regulation of CDK2 K6 acetylation and the G1-S cell cycle transition. These findings highlight a link between viral infection, protein acetylation, and cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cora N. Betsinger
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Joshua L. Justice
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Matthew D. Tyl
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Julia E. Edgar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Hanna G. Budayeva
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yaa F. Abu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ileana M. Cristea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
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3
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Xu X, Ding Y, Jin J, Xu C, Hu W, Wu S, Ding G, Cheng R, Cao L, Jia S. Post-translational modification of CDK1-STAT3 signaling by fisetin suppresses pancreatic cancer stem cell properties. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:176. [PMID: 37743465 PMCID: PMC10518106 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01118-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSCs) promote pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) plays an important role in tumor initiation in other tumors, but the function of CDK1 in PDAC remains unclear. Fisetin is a bioactive flavonoid with anti-tumor properties in multiple tumors, while its function in CSCs remains elusive. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrated that CDK1 was correlated with prognosis and was highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissue and gemcitabine-resistant cells. Silencing CDK1 impaired tumor stemness and reduced a subset of CSCs. We found that fisetin blocked the kinase pocket domain of CDK1 and inhibited pancreatic CSC characteristics. Using acetylation proteomics analysis and phosphorylation array assay, we confirmed that fisetin reduced CDK1 expression and increased CDK1 acetylation at lysine 33 (K33), which resulted in the suppression of CDK1 phosphorylation. Silencing CDK1 or STAT3 suppressed tumor stemness properties, while overexpressing CDK1 or STAT3 showed the opposite effect. Mutation or acetylation of CDK1 at K33 weakened STAT3 phosphorylation at Y705, impairing the expression of stem-related genes and pancreatic cancer stemness. In addition, lack of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), which deacetylates CDK1, contributed to weakening STAT3 phosphorylation by regulating the post-translational modification of CDK1, thereby decreasing the stemness of PDAC. Moreover, our results revealed that fisetin enhanced the effect of gemcitabine through eliminating a subpopulation of pancreatic CSCs by inhibiting the CDK1-STAT3 axis in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the role of post-translational modifications of CDK1-STAT3 signaling in maintaining cancer stemness of PDAC, and indicated that targeting the CDK1-STAT3 axis with inhibitors such as fisetin is a potential therapeutic strategy to diminish drug resistance and eliminate PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yimin Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Junbin Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Chengjie Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Wenyi Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Songtao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Guoping Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Liping Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Technique and Device, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shengnan Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Technique and Device, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
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Bao L, Lan XM, Zhang GQ, Bao X, Li B, Ma DN, Luo HY, Cao SL, Liu SY, Jing E, Zhang JZ, Zheng YL. Cdk5 activation promotes Cos-7 cells transition towards neuronal-like cells. Transl Neurosci 2023; 14:20220318. [PMID: 37901140 PMCID: PMC10612488 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) activity is specifically active in neurogenesis, and Cdk5 and neocortical neurons migration related biomarker are expressed in Cos-7 cells. However, the function of Cdk5 on the transformation of immortalized Cos-7 cells into neuronal-like cells is not clear. Methods Cdk5 kinase activity was measured by [γ-32P] ATP and p81 phosphocellulose pads based method. The expression of neuron liker markers was evaluated by immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, Western blot, and Elisa. Results P35 overexpression upregulated Cdk5 kinase activity in Cos-7 cells. p35 mediated Cdk5 expression promoted the generation of nerite-like outgrowth. Compared with the empty vector, p35-induced Cdk5 activation resulted in time-dependent increase in neuron-like marker, including Tau, NF-H, NF-H&M, and TuJ1. Tau-5 and NF-M exhibited increased expression at 48 h while TuJ1 was only detectable after 96 h in p35 expressed Cos-7 cells. Additionally, the neural cell biomarkers exhibited well colocation with p35 proteins. Next-generation RNA sequence showed that p35 overexpression significantly upregulated the level of nerve growth factor (NGF). Gene set enrichment analysis showed significant enrichment of multiple neuron development pathways and increased NGF expression after p35 overexpression. Conclusion p35-mediated Cdk5 activation promotes the transformation of immortalized Cos-7 cells into neuronal-like cells by upregulating NGF level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Bao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan750004, P.R. China
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People’s Hospital of Autonomous Region of Yinchuan, Yinchuan750002, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Lan
- Graduate School of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an710061, P.R. China
- Department of Geriatrics, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People’s Hospital of Autonomous Region of Yinchuan, Yinchuan750002, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan750004, P.R. China
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People’s Hospital of Autonomous Region of Yinchuan, Yinchuan750002, P.R. China
| | - Xi Bao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan750004, P.R. China
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People’s Hospital of Autonomous Region of Yinchuan, Yinchuan750002, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan750004, P.R. China
- Graduate School of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an710061, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Na Ma
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan750004, P.R. China
- Graduate School of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an710061, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Luo
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan750004, P.R. China
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People’s Hospital of Autonomous Region of Yinchuan, Yinchuan750002, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Lu Cao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan750004, P.R. China
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People’s Hospital of Autonomous Region of Yinchuan, Yinchuan750002, P.R. China
| | - Shun-Yao Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan750004, P.R. China
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People’s Hospital of Autonomous Region of Yinchuan, Yinchuan750002, P.R. China
| | - E Jing
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan750004, P.R. China
- Graduate School of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an710061, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Zhong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan750004, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Li Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People’s Hospital of Autonomous Region of Yinchuan, Yinchuan750002, P.R. China
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Tian Z, Feng B, Wang XQ, Tian J. Focusing on cyclin-dependent kinases 5: A potential target for neurological disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1030639. [PMID: 36438186 PMCID: PMC9687395 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1030639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases 5 (Cdk5) is a special member of proline-directed serine threonine kinase family. Unlike other Cdks, Cdk5 is not directly involved in cell cycle regulation but plays important roles in nervous system functions. Under physiological conditions, the activity of Cdk5 is tightly controlled by p35 or p39, which are specific activators of Cdk5 and highly expressed in post-mitotic neurons. However, they will be cleaved into the corresponding truncated forms namely p25 and p29 under pathological conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases and neurotoxic insults. The binding to truncated co-activators results in aberrant Cdk5 activity and contributes to the initiation and progression of multiple neurological disorders through affecting the down-stream targets. Although Cdk5 kinase activity is mainly regulated through combining with co-activators, it is not the only way. Post-translational modifications of Cdk5 including phosphorylation, S-nitrosylation, sumoylation, and acetylation can also affect its kinase activity and then participate in physiological and pathological processes of nervous system. In this review, we focus on the regulatory mechanisms of Cdk5 and its roles in a series of common neurological disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, anxiety/depression, pathological pain and epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pharmacy, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xing-Qin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Tian
- Department of Infection, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, The First Batch of Key Disciplines On Public Health in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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6
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Tabassum Z, Tseng JH, Isemann C, Tian X, Chen Y, Herring LE, Cohen TJ. Identification of a reciprocal negative feedback loop between tau-modifying proteins MARK2 kinase and CBP acetyltransferase. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101977. [PMID: 35469920 PMCID: PMC9136110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The posttranslational regulation of the neuronal proteome is critical for brain homeostasis but becomes dysregulated in the aged or diseased brain, in which abnormal posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are frequently observed. While the full extent of modified substrates that comprise the "PTM-ome" are slowly emerging, how the upstream enzymes catalyzing these processes are regulated themselves is not well understood, particularly in the context of neurodegeneration. Here, we describe the reciprocal regulation of a kinase, the microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 (MARK2), and an acetyltransferase, CREB-binding protein (CBP), two enzymes known to extensively modify tau proteins in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. We found that MARK2 negatively regulates CBP and, conversely, CBP directly acetylates and inhibits MARK2 kinase activity. These findings highlight a reciprocal negative feedback loop between a kinase and an acetyltransferase, which has implications for how PTM interplay is coordinated on substrates including tau. Our study suggests that PTM profiles occur through the posttranslational control of the master PTM remodeling enzymes themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarin Tabassum
- Department of Neurology, UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jui-Heng Tseng
- Department of Neurology, UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Camryn Isemann
- Department of Neurology, UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xu Tian
- Department of Neurology, UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Youjun Chen
- Department of Neurology, UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura E Herring
- UNC Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Todd J Cohen
- Department of Neurology, UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
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7
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The GCN5: its biological functions and therapeutic potentials. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:231-257. [PMID: 33443284 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
General control non-depressible 5 (GCN5) or lysine acetyltransferase 2A (KAT2A) is one of the most highly studied histone acetyltransferases. It acts as both histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and lysine acetyltransferase (KAT). As an HAT it plays a pivotal role in the epigenetic landscape and chromatin modification. Besides, GCN5 regulates a wide range of biological events such as gene regulation, cellular proliferation, metabolism and inflammation. Imbalance in the GCN5 activity has been reported in many disorders such as cancer, metabolic disorders, autoimmune disorders and neurological disorders. Therefore, unravelling the role of GCN5 in different diseases progression is a prerequisite for both understanding and developing novel therapeutic agents of these diseases. In this review, we have discussed the structural features, the biological function of GCN5 and the mechanical link with the diseases associated with its imbalance. Moreover, the present GCN5 modulators and their limitations will be presented in a medicinal chemistry perspective.
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8
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Gao GB, Sun Y, Fang RD, Wang Y, Wang Y, He QY. Post-translational modifications of CDK5 and their biological roles in cancer. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2021; 2:22. [PMID: 35006426 PMCID: PMC8607427 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-021-00029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) have emerged as important regulatory mechanisms that modulate cancer development in patients. Though CDK5 is an atypical member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family, its aberrant expression links to cell proliferation, DNA damage response, apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis in cancer. Current studies suggested that, new PTMs on CDK5, including S-nitrosylation, sumoylation, and acetylation, serve as molecular switches to control the kinase activity of CDK5 in the cell. However, a majority of these modifications and their biological significance in cancer remain uncharacterized. In this review, we discussed the role of PTMs on CDK5-mediated signaling cascade, and their possible mechanisms of action in malignant tumors, as well as the challenges and future perspectives in this field. On the basis of the newly identified regulatory signaling pathways of CDK5 related to PTMs, researchers have investigated the cancer therapeutic potential of chemical compounds, small-molecule inhibitors, and competitive peptides by targeting CDK5 and its PTMs. Results of these preclinical studies demonstrated that targeting PTMs of CDK5 yields promising antitumor effects and that clinical translation of these therapeutic strategies is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Bin Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yue Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Run-Dong Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Qing-Yu He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Li Y, Huang H, Zhu M, Bai H, Huang X. Roles of the MYST Family in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease via Histone or Non-histone Acetylation. Aging Dis 2021; 12:132-142. [PMID: 33532133 PMCID: PMC7801277 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases and a major cause of death among elderly individuals. The etiology of AD involves a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. A number of epigenetic alterations in AD have recently been reported; for example, studies have found an increase in histone acetylation in patients with AD and the protective function of histone deacetylase inhibitors. The histone acetylases in the MYST family are involved in a number of key nuclear processes, such as gene-specific transcriptional regulation, DNA replication, and DNA damage response. Therefore, it is not surprising that they contribute to epigenetic regulation as an intermediary between genetic and environmental factors. MYST proteins also exert acetylation activity on non-histone proteins that are closely associated with the pathogenesis of AD. In this review, we summarized the current understanding of the roles of MYST acetyltransferases in physiological functions and pathological processes related to AD. Additionally, using published RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, and ChIP-chip data, we identified enriched pathways to further evaluate the correlation between MYST and AD. The recent research described in this review supports the importance of epigenetic modifications and the MYST family in AD, providing a basis for future functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Li
- 1State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,2Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, Jinghong, China
| | - Hui Huang
- 1State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Man Zhu
- 1State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hua Bai
- 1State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,3College of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- 1State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Wang Y, Wang D, Jin Z. miR‑27a suppresses TLR4‑induced renal ischemia‑reperfusion injury. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:967-976. [PMID: 31173204 PMCID: PMC6625210 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the primary causes of acute renal injury and even acute renal failure. An increasing body of evidence has indicated that the aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNA/miR) is closely associated with the progression of IRI. In the process of renal IRI, inflammatory reactions, cell adhesion and the death of renal tubular epithelial cells serve important roles. The present study investigated the expression of renal miRNAs following renal IRI in an attempt to identify the miRNAs that exert pivotal functions in renal IRI. The present study revealed that miR-27a, which was downregulated in IRI, and the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) have associated binding sites. The levels of TLR4, miR-27a and specific associated proteins in the renal tissues of gestational rats were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The associations between miR-27a and TLR4 were analyzed, and the regulatory effect of miR-27a on TLR4 was detected via a luciferase reporter gene assay, western blotting and RT-qPCR in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the present study demonstrated that miR-27a suppressed the expression of TLR4 by binding to the 3′UTR of TLR4. The overexpression of miR-27a downregulated the expression of TLR4, which in turn inhibited the inflammation, cell adhesion and cell death in IRI. Therefore, miR-27a inhibited inflammation in IRI by decreasing the expression of TLR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Deota S, Rathnachalam S, Namrata K, Boob M, Fulzele A, Radhika S, Ganguli S, Balaji C, Kaypee S, Vishwakarma KK, Kundu TK, Bhandari R, Gonzalez de Peredo A, Mishra M, Venkatramani R, Kolthur-Seetharam U. Allosteric Regulation of Cyclin-B Binding by the Charge State of Catalytic Lysine in CDK1 Is Essential for Cell-Cycle Progression. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:2127-2142. [PMID: 30974121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) is essential for cell-cycle progression. While dependence of CDK activity on cyclin levels is well established, molecular mechanisms that regulate their binding are less understood. Here, we report for the first time that CDK1:cyclin-B binding is not default but rather determined by the evolutionarily conserved catalytic residue, lysine-33 in CDK1. We demonstrate that the charge state of this lysine allosterically remodels the CDK1:cyclin-B interface. Cell cycle-dependent acetylation of lysine-33 or its mutation to glutamine, which mimics acetylation, abrogates cyclin-B binding. Using biochemical approaches and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, we have uncovered both short-range and long-range effects of perturbing the charged state of the catalytic lysine, which lead to inhibition of kinase activity. Specifically, although loss of the charge state of catalytic lysine did not impact ATP binding significantly, it altered its orientation in the active site. In addition, the catalytic lysine also acts as an intra-molecular electrostatic tether at the active site to orient structural elements interfacing with cyclin-B. Physiologically, opposing activities of SIRT1 and P300 regulate acetylation and thus control the charge state of lysine-33. Importantly, cells expressing acetylation mimic mutant of Cdc2/CDK1 in yeast are arrested in G2 and fail to divide, indicating the requirement of the deacetylated state of the catalytic lysine for cell division. Thus, by illustrating the molecular role of the catalytic lysine and cell cycle-dependent deacetylation as a determinant of CDK1:cyclin-B interaction, our results redefine the current model of CDK1 activation and cell-cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaunak Deota
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Sivasudhan Rathnachalam
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Kanojia Namrata
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Mayank Boob
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Amit Fulzele
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse 31400, France
| | - S Radhika
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Shubhra Ganguli
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad 500039, India; Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Chinthapalli Balaji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Stephanie Kaypee
- Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Krishna Kant Vishwakarma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Kundu
- Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Rashna Bhandari
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad 500039, India
| | | | - Mithilesh Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Ravindra Venkatramani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India.
| | - Ullas Kolthur-Seetharam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India.
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12
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The acetylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 at lysine 33 regulates kinase activity and neurite length in hippocampal neurons. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13676. [PMID: 30209341 PMCID: PMC6135752 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31785-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) plays a pivotal role in neural development and neurodegeneration. CDK5 activity can be regulated by posttranslational modifications, including phosphorylation and S-nitrosylation. In this study, we demonstrate a novel mechanism by which the acetylation of CDK5 at K33 (Ac-CDK5) results in the loss of ATP binding and impaired kinase activity. We identify GCN5 and SIRT1 as critical factor controlling Ac-CDK5 levels. Ac-CDK5 achieved its lowest levels in rat fetal brains but was dramatically increased during postnatal periods. Intriguingly, nuclear Ac-CDK5 levels negatively correlated with neurite length in embryonic hippocampal neurons. Either treatment with the SIRT1 activator SRT1720 or overexpression of SIRT1 leads to increases in neurite length, whereas SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 or ectopic expression of acetyl-mimetic (K33Q) CDK5 induced the opposite effect. Furthermore, the expression of nuclear-targeted CDK5 K33Q abolished the SRT1720-induced neurite outgrowth, showing that SIRT1 positively regulates neurite outgrowth via deacetylation of nuclear CDK5. The CDK5 activity-dependent increase of neurite length was mediated by enhanced transcriptional regulation of BDNF via unknown mechanism(s). Our findings identify a novel mechanism by which acetylation-mediated regulation of nuclear CDK5 activity plays a critical role in determining neurite length in embryonic neurons.
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13
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Yamaguchi S, Yoshino J. Adipose tissue NAD + biology in obesity and insulin resistance: From mechanism to therapy. Bioessays 2017; 39. [PMID: 28295415 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201600227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) biosynthetic pathway, mediated by nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), a key NAD+ biosynthetic enzyme, plays a pivotal role in controlling many biological processes, such as metabolism, circadian rhythm, inflammation, and aging. Over the past decade, NAMPT-mediated NAD+ biosynthesis, together with its key downstream mediator, namely the NAD+ -dependent protein deacetylase SIRT1, has been demonstrated to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in a tissue-dependent manner. These discoveries have provided novel mechanistic and therapeutic insights into obesity and its metabolic complications, such as insulin resistance, an important risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This review will focus on the importance of adipose tissue NAMPT-mediated NAD+ biosynthesis and SIRT1 in the pathophysiology of obesity and insulin resistance. We will also critically explore translational and clinical aspects of adipose tissue NAD+ biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Yamaguchi
- Center for Human Nutrition, Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jun Yoshino
- Center for Human Nutrition, Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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14
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Fournier M, Orpinell M, Grauffel C, Scheer E, Garnier JM, Ye T, Chavant V, Joint M, Esashi F, Dejaegere A, Gönczy P, Tora L. KAT2A/KAT2B-targeted acetylome reveals a role for PLK4 acetylation in preventing centrosome amplification. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13227. [PMID: 27796307 PMCID: PMC5095585 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine acetylation is a widespread post-translational modification regulating various biological processes. To characterize cellular functions of the human lysine acetyltransferases KAT2A (GCN5) and KAT2B (PCAF), we determined their acetylome by shotgun proteomics. One of the newly identified KAT2A/2B substrate is polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4), a key regulator of centrosome duplication. We demonstrate that KAT2A/2B acetylate the PLK4 kinase domain on residues K45 and K46. Molecular dynamics modelling suggests that K45/K46 acetylation impairs kinase activity by shifting the kinase to an inactive conformation. Accordingly, PLK4 activity is reduced upon in vitro acetylation of its kinase domain. Moreover, the overexpression of the PLK4 K45R/K46R mutant in cells does not lead to centrosome overamplification, as observed with wild-type PLK4. We also find that impairing KAT2A/2B-acetyltransferase activity results in diminished phosphorylation of PLK4 and in excess centrosome numbers in cells. Overall, our study identifies the global human KAT2A/2B acetylome and uncovers that KAT2A/2B acetylation of PLK4 prevents centrosome amplification. The acetyltransferases KAT2A and KAT2B are essential regulators of transcription, cell cycle progression and DNA repair. Here the authors describe a KAT2A/2B-dependent acetylome, and show that acetylation of the protein kinase PLK4 contributes to the regulation of centrosome number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Fournier
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Meritxell Orpinell
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cédric Grauffel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Elisabeth Scheer
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Jean-Marie Garnier
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Tao Ye
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Virginie Chavant
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Mathilde Joint
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Fumiko Esashi
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Annick Dejaegere
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Pierre Gönczy
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - László Tora
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67404 Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
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15
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Czapski GA, Gąssowska M, Wilkaniec A, Chalimoniuk M, Strosznajder JB, Adamczyk A. The mechanisms regulating cyclin-dependent kinase 5 in hippocampus during systemic inflammatory response: The effect on inflammatory gene expression. Neurochem Int 2016; 93:103-12. [PMID: 26806339 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is critical for nervous system's development and function, and its aberrant activation contributes to pathomechanism of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. It was recently suggested that Cdk5 may participate in regulation of inflammatory signalling. The aim of this study was to analyse the mechanisms involved in regulating Cdk5 activity in the brain during systemic inflammatory response (SIR) as well as the involvement of Cdk5 in controlling the expression of inflammatory genes. Genetic and biochemical alterations in hippocampus were analysed 3 and 12 h after intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide. We observed an increase in both Cdk5 gene expression and protein level. Moreover, phosphorylation of Cdk5 on Ser159 was significantly enhanced. Also transcription of Cdk5-regulatory protein (p35/Cdk5r1) was augmented, and the level of p25, calpain-dependent cleavage product of p35, was increased. All these results demonstrated rapid activation of Cdk5 in the brain during SIR. Hyperactivity of Cdk5 contributed to enhanced phosphorylation of tau and glycogen synthase kinase 3β. Inhibition of Cdk5 with Roscovitine reduced activation of NF-κB and expression of inflammation-related genes, demonstrating the critical role of Cdk5 in regulation of gene transcription during SIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz A Czapski
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Gąssowska
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Wilkaniec
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Chalimoniuk
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna B Strosznajder
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Adamczyk
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is known as the most fatal chronic neurodegenerative disease in adults along with progressive loss of memory and other cognitive function disorders. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), a unique member of the cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), is reported to intimately associate with the process of the pathogenesis of AD. Cdk5 is of vital importance in the development of CNS and neuron movements such as neuronal migration and differentiation, synaptic functions, and memory consolidation. However, when neurons suffer from pathological stimuli, Cdk5 activity becomes hyperactive and causes aberrant hyperphosphorylation of various substrates of Cdk5 like amyloid precursor protein (APP), tau and neurofilament, resulting in neurodegenerative diseases like AD. Deregulation of Cdk5 contributes to an array of pathological events in AD, ranging from formation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, synaptic damage, mitochondrial dysfunction to cell cycle reactivation as well as neuronal cell apoptosis. More importantly, an inhibition of Cdk5 activity with inhibitors such as RNA inference (RNAi) could protect from memory decline and neuronal cell loss through suppressing β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced neurotoxicity and tauopathies. This review will briefly describe the above-mentioned possible roles of Cdk5 in the physiological and pathological mechanisms of AD, further discussing recent advances and challenges in Cdk5 as a therapeutic target.
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17
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Li L, Zhang C, Zi X, Tu Q, Guo K. Epigenetic modulation of Cdk5 contributes to memory deficiency induced by amyloid fibrils. Exp Brain Res 2014; 233:165-73. [PMID: 25234403 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-014-4100-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a frequent neurodegenerative disorder with progressive neuroinflammation, loss of synaptic plasticity in central neurons and memory deficiency. Numerous studies demonstrated the epigenetic modification of the expression of specific genes involved in the pathogenesis of amyloid-associated memory deficiency. It was also reported that dysregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) activity critically contributed to the synaptic dysfunction and memory deficiency in the rodent model of AD. The present study aims to study the epigenetic mechanism underlying the altered Cdk5 activity and its functional significance in the rats with hippocampal infusion of amyloid fibrils. Significantly increased mRNA and expression of Cdk5 were observed in the hippocampal CA1 in the rats injected with amyloid fibrils. Increased acetylation of histone H3 was detected in the Cdk5 promoter region in hippocampal CA1 in these rats. Further chromatin immunoprecipitation and bisulfite sequencing studies illustrated the decreased cytosine methylation in the Cdk5 promoter region in hippocampal CA1 in the modeled rats. Administration with Cdk5 inhibitor roscovitine significantly attenuated the phosphorylation of tau, recovered the synaptic dysfunction of hippocampal CA1 neurons, and improved the behavioral performance in the Morris water maze test and novel object recognition test in the rats injected with amyloid fibrils. These results elucidate the potential epigenetic mechanism underlying the upregulated expression of Cdk5 induced by amyloid fibrils and provided novel insights into the pathogenic mechanism of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Rd, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
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