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Paes-Colli Y, Trindade PMP, Vitorino LC, Piscitelli F, Iannotti FA, Campos RMP, Isaac AR, de Aguiar AFL, Allodi S, de Mello FG, Einicker-Lamas M, de Siqueira-Santos R, Di Marzo V, Tannous BA, Carvalho LA, De Melo Reis RA, Sampaio LS. Activation of cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1) modulates oligodendroglial process branching complexity in rat hippocampal cultures stimulated by olfactory ensheathing glia-conditioned medium. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1134130. [PMID: 37138770 PMCID: PMC10150319 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1134130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) refers to a complex cell-signaling system highly conserved among species formed by numerous receptors, lipid mediators (endocannabinoids) and synthetic and degradative enzymes. It is widely distributed throughout the body including the CNS, where it participates in synaptic signaling, plasticity and neurodevelopment. Besides, the olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) present in the olfactory system is also known to play an important role in the promotion of axonal growth and/or myelination. Therefore, both OEG and the ECS promote neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis in the CNS. Here, we investigated if the ECS is expressed in cultured OEG, by assessing the main markers of the ECS through immunofluorescence, western blotting and qRT-PCR and quantifying the content of endocannabinoids in the conditioned medium of these cells. After that, we investigated whether the production and release of endocannabinoids regulate the differentiation of oligodendrocytes co-cultured with hippocampal neurons, through Sholl analysis in oligodendrocytes expressing O4 and MBP markers. Additionally, we evaluated through western blotting the modulation of downstream pathways such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR and ERK/MAPK, being known to be involved in the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocytes and activated by CB1, which is the major endocannabinoid responsive receptor in the brain. Our data show that OEG expresses key genes of the ECS, including the CB1 receptor, FAAH and MAGL. Besides, we were able to identify AEA, 2-AG and AEA related mediators palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and oleoylethanolamide (OEA), in the conditioned medium of OEG cultures. These cultures were also treated with URB597 10-9 M, a FAAH selective inhibitor, or JZL184 10-9 M, a MAGL selective inhibitor, which led to the increase in the concentrations of OEA and 2-AG in the conditioned medium. Moreover, we found that the addition of OEG conditioned medium (OEGCM) enhanced the complexity of oligodendrocyte process branching in hippocampal mixed cell cultures and that this effect was inhibited by AM251 10-6 M, a CB1 receptor antagonist. However, treatment with the conditioned medium enriched with OEA or 2-AG did not alter the process branching complexity of premyelinating oligodendrocytes, while decreased the branching complexity in mature oligodendrocytes. We also observed no change in the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK 44/42 in any of the conditions used. In conclusion, our data show that the ECS modulates the number and maturation of oligodendrocytes in hippocampal mixed cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Paes-Colli
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Priscila M. P. Trindade
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Louise C. Vitorino
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparativa e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Piscitelli
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Arturo Iannotti
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Raquel M. P. Campos
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparativa e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alinny R. Isaac
- Laboratório de Doenças Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andrey Fabiano Lourenço de Aguiar
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silvana Allodi
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparativa e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando G. de Mello
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Einicker-Lamas
- Laboratório de Biomembranas, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raphael de Siqueira-Santos
- Laboratório de Agregação de Proteínas e Amiloidoses, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Bakhos A. Tannous
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Litia A. Carvalho
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ricardo A. De Melo Reis
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luzia S. Sampaio
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Luzia S. Sampaio,
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Carvalho LA, Teng J, Fleming RL, Tabet EI, Zinter M, de Melo Reis RA, Tannous BA. Olfactory Ensheathing Cells: A Trojan Horse for Glioma Gene Therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020; 111:283-291. [PMID: 30257000 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djy138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) migrate from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system (CNS), a critical process for the development of the olfactory system and axonal extension after injury in neural regeneration. Because of their ability to migrate to the injury site and anti-inflammatory properties, OECs were tested against different neurological pathologies, but were never studied in the context of cancer. Here, we evaluated OEC tropism to gliomas and their potential as a "Trojan horse" to deliver therapeutic transgenes through the nasal pathway, their natural route to CNS. METHODS OECs were purified from the mouse olfactory bulb and engineered to express a fusion protein between cytosine deaminase and uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (CU), which convert the prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) into cytotoxic metabolite 5-fluorouracil, leading to a bystander killing of tumor cells. These cells were injected into the nasal cavity of mice bearing glioblastoma tumors and OEC-mediated gene therapy was monitored by bioluminescence imaging and confirmed with survival and ex vivo histological analysis. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS OECs migrated from the nasal pathway to the primary glioma site, tracked infiltrative glioma stemlike cells, and delivered therapeutic transgene, leading to a slower tumor growth and increased mice survival. At day 28, bioluminescence imaging revealed that mice treated with a single injection of OEC-expressing CU and 5-FC had tumor-associated photons (mean [SD]) of 1.08E + 08 [9.7E + 07] vs 4.1E + 08 [2.3E + 08] for control group (P < .001), with a median survival of 41 days vs 34 days, respectively (ratio = 0.8293, 95% confidence interval = 0.4323 to 1.226, P < .001) (n = 9 mice per group). CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that autologous transplantation of OECs can target and deliver therapeutic transgenes to brain tumors upon intranasal delivery, the natural route of OECs to the CNS, which could be extended to other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litia A Carvalho
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jian Teng
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Renata L Fleming
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Elie I Tabet
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Max Zinter
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ricardo A de Melo Reis
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bakhos A Tannous
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Macedo-Ramos H, Ruiz-Mendoza S, Mariante RM, Guimarães EV, Quadros-de-Souza LC, Paiva MM, Ferreira EDO, Pinto TCA, Teixeira LM, Allodi S, Baetas-da-Cruz W. Streptococcus pneumoniae resists intracellular killing by olfactory ensheathing cells but not by microglia. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36813. [PMID: 27827453 PMCID: PMC5101813 DOI: 10.1038/srep36813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are a type of specialized glial cell currently considered as having a double function in the nervous system: one regenerative, and another immune. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major agent of severe infections in humans, including meningitis. It is commonly found in the nasopharynx of asymptomatic carriers, and, under certain still unknown conditions, can invade the brain. We evaluated whether pneumococcal cells recovered from lysed OECs and microglia are able to survive by manipulating the host cell activation. An intracellular-survival assay of S. pneumoniae in OECs showed a significant number of bacterial CFU recovered after 3 h of infection. In contrast, microglia assays resulted in a reduced number of CFU. Electron-microscopy analysis revealed a large number of pneumococci with apparently intact morphology. However, microglia cells showed endocytic vesicles containing only bacterial cell debris. Infection of OEC cultures resulted in continuous NF-κB activation. The IFN-γ-induced increase of iNOS expression was reversed in infected OECs. OECs are susceptible to S. pneumoniae infection, which can suppress their cytotoxic mechanisms in order to survive. We suggest that, in contrast to microglia, OECs might serve as safe targets for pneumococci, providing a more stable environment for evasion of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Macedo-Ramos
- Laboratório Translacional em Fisiologia Molecular, Centro de Cirurgia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Fisiologia), Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparativa e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Susana Ruiz-Mendoza
- Laboratório Translacional em Fisiologia Molecular, Centro de Cirurgia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Fisiologia), Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Mariante
- Laboratório de Neurogênese, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erick V Guimarães
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucas C Quadros-de-Souza
- Laboratório Translacional em Fisiologia Molecular, Centro de Cirurgia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Eliane de O Ferreira
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - Polo Xerém, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiana C A Pinto
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucia M Teixeira
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Silvana Allodi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Fisiologia), Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparativa e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Wagner Baetas-da-Cruz
- Laboratório Translacional em Fisiologia Molecular, Centro de Cirurgia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Fisiologia), Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Olfactory Ensheathing Cell-Conditioned Medium Reverts Aβ 25-35-Induced Oxidative Damage in SH-SY5Y Cells by Modulating the Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptotic Pathway. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2016; 37:1043-1054. [PMID: 27807758 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are a type of glia from the mammalian olfactory system, with neuroprotective and regenerative properties. β-Amyloid peptides are a major component of the senile plaques characteristic of the Alzheimer brain. The amyloid beta (Aβ) precursor protein is cleaved to amyloid peptides, and Aβ25-35 is regarded to be the functional domain of Aβ, responsible for its neurotoxic properties. It has been reported that Aβ25-35 triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative damage, altering the structure and function of mitochondria, leading to the activation of the mitochondrial intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Our goal is to investigate the effects of OECs on the toxicity of aggregated Aβ25-35, in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. For such purpose, SH-SY5Y cells were incubated with Aβ25-35 and OEC-conditioned medium (OECCM). OECCM promoted the cell viability and reduced the apoptosis, and decreased the intracellular ROS and the lipid peroxidation. In the presence of OECCM, mRNA and protein levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD1 and SOD2) were upregulated. Concomitantly, OECCM decreased mRNA and the protein expression levels of cytochrome c, caspase-9, caspase-3, and Bax in SH-SY5Y cells, and increased mRNA and the protein expression level of Bcl-2. However, OECCM did not alter intracellular Ca2+ concentration in SH-SY5Y cells. Taken together, our data suggest that OECCM ameliorates Aβ25-35-induced oxidative damage in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by inhibiting the mitochondrial intrinsic pathway. These data provide new insights into the functional actions of OECCM on oxidative stress-induced cell damage.
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Evaluation of the Biocompatibility of New Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials for Craniofacial Bone Reconstruction. J Craniofac Surg 2016; 27:1694-1699. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000002925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Olfactory ensheathing glia cell therapy and tubular conduit enhance nerve regeneration after mouse sciatic nerve transection. Brain Res 2016; 1650:243-251. [PMID: 27641994 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The regenerative potential of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is widely known, but functional recovery, particularly in humans, is seldom complete. Therefore, it is necessary to resort to strategies that induce or potentiate the PNS regeneration. Our main objective was to test the effectiveness of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OEC) transplantation into a biodegradable conduit as a therapeutic strategy to improve the repair outcome after nerve injury. Sciatic nerve transection was performed in C57BL/6 mice; proximal and distal stumps of the nerve were sutured into the collagen conduit. Two groups were analyzed: DMEM (acellular grafts) and OEC (1×105/2μL). Locomotor function was assessed weekly by Sciatic Function Index (SFI) and Global Mobility Test (GMT). After eight weeks the sciatic nerve was dissected for morphological analysis. Our results showed that the OEC group exhibited many clusters of regenerated nerve fibers, a higher number of myelinated fibers and myelin area compared to DMEM group. The G-ratio analysis of the OEC group showed significantly more fibers on the most suitable sciatic nerve G-ratio index. Motor recovery was accelerated in the OEC group. These data provide evidence that the OEC therapy can improve sciatic nerve functional and morphological recovery and can be potentially translated to the clinical setting.
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