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The Role of DNA Damage and Repair in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112292. [PMID: 36421478 PMCID: PMC9687113 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The mortality rate of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) increases yearly due to ineffective treatment. Given that the lung is exposed to the external environment, it is likely that oxidative stress, especially the stimulation of DNA, would be of particular importance in pulmonary fibrosis. DNA damage is known to play an important role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis initiation, so DNA repair systems targeting damage are also crucial for the survival of lung cells. Although many contemporary reports have summarized the role of individual DNA damage and repair pathways in their hypotheses, they have not focused on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. This review, therefore, aims to provide a concise overview for researchers to understand the pathways of DNA damage and repair and their roles in IPF.
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Wang Z, Huang X, Lv X, Chen C, Qu S, Ma X, Zhang L, Bi Y. Bioinformatic analysis identifies potential key genes in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration. Indian J Ophthalmol 2022; 70:3347-3355. [PMID: 36018119 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_3211_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in older individuals. More studies focused on screening the genes, which may be correlated with the development of AMD. With advances in various technologies like multiple microarray datasets, researchers could identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) more accurately. Exploring abnormal gene expression in disease status can help to understand pathophysiological changes in complex diseases. This study aims to identify the key genes and upstream regulators in AMD and reveal factors, especially genetic association, and the prognosis of the development of this disease. Methods Data from expression profile GSE125564 and profile GSE29801 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We analyzed DEGs using R software (version 3.6.3). Functional enrichment and PPI network analysis were performed using the R package and online database STRING (version 11.0). Results We compared AMD with normal and found 68 up-regulated genes (URGs) and 25 down-regulated genes (DRGs). We also compared wet AMD with dry AMD and found 41 DRGs in dry AMD. Further work including PPI network analysis, GO classification, and KEGG analysis was done to find connections with AMD. The URGs were mainly enriched in the biological process such as DNA replication, nucleoplasm, extracellular exosome, and cadherin binding. Besides, DRGs were mainly enriched in these functions such as an integral component of membrane and formation of the blood-aqueous barrier (BAB). Conclusion This study implied that core genes might involve in the process of AMD. Our findings may contribute to revealing the pathogenesis, developing new biomarkers, and raising strategies of treatment for AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyue Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shen Qu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlong Bi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Antoniali G, Dalla E, Mangiapane G, Zhao X, Jing X, Cheng Y, De Sanctis V, Ayyildiz D, Piazza S, Li M, Tell G. APE1 controls DICER1 expression in NSCLC through miR-33a and miR-130b. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:446. [PMID: 35876890 PMCID: PMC9314295 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04443-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests different, not completely understood roles of microRNA biogenesis in the development and progression of lung cancer. The overexpression of the DNA repair protein apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APE1) is an important cause of poor chemotherapeutic response in lung cancer and its involvement in onco-miRNAs biogenesis has been recently described. Whether APE1 regulates miRNAs acting as prognostic biomarkers of lung cancer has not been investigated, yet. In this study, we analyzed miRNAs differential expression upon APE1 depletion in the A549 lung cancer cell line using high-throughput methods. We defined a signature of 13 miRNAs that strongly correlate with APE1 expression in human lung cancer: miR-1246, miR-4488, miR-24, miR-183, miR-660, miR-130b, miR-543, miR-200c, miR-376c, miR-218, miR-146a, miR-92b and miR-33a. Functional enrichment analysis of this signature revealed its biological relevance in cancer cell proliferation and survival. We validated DICER1 as a direct functional target of the APE1-regulated miRNA-33a-5p and miR-130b-3p. Importantly, IHC analyses of different human tumors confirmed a negative correlation existing between APE1 and Dicer1 protein levels. DICER1 downregulation represents a prognostic marker of cancer development but the mechanisms at the basis of this phenomenon are still completely unknown. Our findings, suggesting that APE1 modulates DICER1 expression via miR-33a and miR-130b, reveal new mechanistic insights on DICER1 regulation, which are of relevance in lung cancer chemoresistance and cancer invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Antoniali
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Emiliano Dalla
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mangiapane
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Xiaolong Zhao
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinming Jing
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Veronica De Sanctis
- Next Generation Sequence Facility, Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Dilara Ayyildiz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Silvano Piazza
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.,Computational Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, ICGEB, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mengxia Li
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Gianluca Tell
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
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Yao Y, Li Z, Gao W. Identification of Hub Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and NSCLC Progression:Evidence From Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:855789. [PMID: 35480306 PMCID: PMC9038140 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.855789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is the most common comorbidity of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Thus there is an urgent need for the research of IPF and carcinogenesis Objective: The objective of this study was to explore hub genes which are common in pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer progression through bioinformatic analysis. Methods: All the analysis was performed in R software. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were explored by comparing gene expression profiles between IPF tissues and healthy lung tissues from GSE24206, GSE53845, GSE101286 and GSE110147 datasets. Venn Diagram analysis was used to identify the overlapping genes, while GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were used to explore the biological functions of the DEGs using clusterprofiler package. Hub genes were identified by analyzing protein-protein interaction networks using Cytoscape software. Nomogram was constructed using the rms package. Tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) analysis was used to quantify the immunotherapy and chemotherapy sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Results:COL1A1, COL3A1, MMP1, POSTN1 and TIMP3 were identified as the top five hub genes. The five hub genes were used to construct a diagnostic nomogram that was validated in another IPF dataset. Since the hub genes were also associated with lung cancer progression, we found that the nomogram also had diagnostic value in NSCLC patients. These five genes achieved a statistically difference of overall survival in NSCLC patients (p < 0.05). The expression of the five hub genes was mostly enriched in fibroblasts. Fibroblasts and the hub genes also showed significant ability to predict the susceptibility of NSCLC patients to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Conclusion: We identified five hub genes as potential biomarkers of IPF and NSCLC progression. This finding may give insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms of IPF and lung cancer progression and provides potential targets for developing new therapeutic agents for IPF patients.
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Wang J, Lun L, Jiang X, Wang Y, Li X, Du G, Wang J. APE1 facilitates PD-L1-mediated progression of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 97:107675. [PMID: 33964809 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) seriously affect the life quality of patients. Nowadays, immunotherapy is widely used in the treatment of cancer. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) play key roles in the immunotherapy of cancer. Moreover, study has reported that the upregulation of PD-L1 and apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclase 1 (APE1) are associated with tumorigenesis and poor prognosis of gastric cancer. In the present study, the number of CD3+ T lymphocytes and the expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 in LSCC and HSCC were detected in clinical samples. In addition, the expressions of PD-L1 and APE1 and their correlation were explored. The results showed that PD-1+ T lymphocytes were wildly infiltrated and PD-L1 was overexpressed in LSCC and HSCC tissues. PD-1 had a positive correlation with cancer progression, and glottic and subglottic LSCC tissues might have a more active immune microenvironment. Moreover, the results showed that upregulated co-expression of PD-L1 and APE1 was a biomarker of LSCC, and APE1 could regulate the expression of PD-L1 through NF-κB signaling pathway. In conclusion, the combine detection of the expressions of PD-1, PD-L1 and APE1 will provide predictive value for the treatment of LSCC and HSCC via immune checkpoint inhibitors, which will help us to identify the patient population more likely to benefit from the immune checkpoint inhibitors based on the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, China
| | - Limin Lun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, China
| | - Guoqiang Du
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital (Group), Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China.
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Huang SF, Lin JC, Shiau AC, Chen YC, Li MH, Tsai JT, Liu WH. Optimal tumor coverage with different beam energies by IMRT, VMAT and TOMO: Effects on patients with proximal gastric cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23328. [PMID: 33217871 PMCID: PMC7676572 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To compare the effects of different photon energies on radiation planning by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and helical tomotherapy (TOMO) for proximal gastric cancer (PGC). Network analysis with microarray procession and gene ontology were used to identify the effect of radiotherapy (RT) on PGC. Then, we retrospectively analyzed 8 PGC patients after receiving irradiation with a prescribed dose of 50.4 Gy. The Pinnacle treatment planning system (TPS, V9.8) was used to generate IMRT and VMAT plans by using 6 or 10 MV. TOMO plans were calculated on the Tomotherapy Planning Station Hi-Art Version 4.2.3 workstation (Tomotherapy Incorporated, Madison, WI, USA). PGC is associated with high DNA repair ability. TOMO plan results in higher tumor coverage and a better conformity index than IMRT and VMAT. 10-MV VMAT yields better dosimetric quality of the gradient index than 6-MV VMAT (P = .012). TOMO was associated with a lower irradiation dose in the mean dose to the right kidney (P = .049), left kidney and heart than 6-MV IMRT and 6-MV VMAT. 6-MV IMRT plan presented a higher dose of lung Dmean (P = .017) than 10-MV IMRT. Additionally, VMAT, using a planning energy of 6 MV, was associated with a significantly higher left kidney Dmean (P = .018) and V10 (P = .036) than a planning energy of 10 MV. TOMO is a better RT plan not only for tumor coverage but also for sparing organs at risk. IMRT and VMAT plans with 10 MV beams are more suitable than 6 MV beams for PGC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jang-Chun Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shuang Ho Hospital
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University
| | - An-Cheng Shiau
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, China Medical University Hospital
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Yun-Chih Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shuang Ho Hospital
| | - Ming-Hsien Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shuang Ho Hospital
| | - Jo-Ting Tsai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shuang Ho Hospital
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University
| | - Wei-Hsiu Liu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Sec. 2, Cheng-Kung Road
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Nagane M, Yamashita T, Vörös P, Kálai T, Hideg K, Bognár B. Synthesis and evaluation of paramagnetic caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) analogs. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-019-02458-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Yang X, Peng Y, Jiang X, Lu X, Duan W, Zhang S, Dai N, Shan J, Feng Y, Li X, Cheng Y, Yang Y, Baugh L, Tell G, Wang D, Li M. The regulatory role of APE1 in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and in determining EGFR-TKI responsiveness in non-small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Med 2018; 7:4406-4419. [PMID: 30109782 PMCID: PMC6144255 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role in resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our previous study revealed that in osteosarcoma, human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) regulates transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), an important player in EMT. We therefore hypothesized a link between APE1 and EGFR‐TKI responsiveness in NSCLC. Methods The protein levels of APE1 were analyzed in tumors of NSCLC patients receiving EGFR‐TKI treatment. The correlation between APE1 expression and progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), or response rate were analyzed. The impact of APE1 on the response to EGFR‐TKIs was measured by exogenous manipulation of APE1 in EGFR‐TKI‐sensitive and EGFR‐TKI‐resistant cells. Results We indicate that low expression of APE1 in tumors is associated with a significantly longer PFS (20.8 months vs 8.4 months, P = 0.008) and a preferential OS (39.0 months vs 17.0 months, P = 0.001), with no difference in initial response rate to EGFR‐TKIs. We observed that APE1 protein level was significantly increased in EGFR‐TKI‐resistant cells and was associated with downregulated E‐cadherin and upregulated vimentin. The EMT phenotype, as well as the levels of TGF‐β, was suppressed in APE1 knockdown HCC827/IR and PC‐9/ER cells, while the EMT phenotype was promoted in APE1‐overexpressed HCC827 and PC‐9 cells. Furthermore, a specific APE1 redox inhibitor (ie, E3330) effectively reversed the EMT phenotype and further sensitized the cells to EGFR‐TKIs. Conclusion This study revealed a significant role of APE1 in EGFR‐TKI resistance via novel regulatory effects on the EMT phenotype in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianfeng Lu
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Duan
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiheng Zhang
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Dai
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlu Shan
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Laura Baugh
- Department of Pathology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Gianluca Tell
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Dong Wang
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengxia Li
- Cancer Centre, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Sulfasalazine, an inhibitor of the cystine-glutamate antiporter, reduces DNA damage repair and enhances radiosensitivity in murine B16F10 melanoma. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195151. [PMID: 29649284 PMCID: PMC5896924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The sodium-independent cystine-glutamate antiporter plays an important role in extracellular cystine uptake. It comprises the transmembrane protein, xCT and its chaperone, CD98. Because glutathione is only weakly cell membrane permeable, cellular uptake of its precursor, cystine, is known to be a key step in glutathione synthesis. Moreover, it has been reported that xCT expression affects the progression of tumors and their resistance to therapy. Sulfasalazine is an inhibitor of xCT that is known to increase cellular oxidative stress, giving it anti-tumor potential. Here, we describe a radio-sensitizing effect of sulfasalazine using a B16F10 melanoma model. Sulfasalazine decreased glutathione concentrations and resistance to H2O2 in B16F10 melanoma cells, but not in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. It synergistically enhanced the cyto-killing effect of X-irradiation in B16F10 cells. It inhibited cellular DNA damage repair and prolonged cell cycle arrest after X-irradiation. Furthermore, in an in vivo transplanted melanoma model, sulfasalazine decreased intratumoral glutathione content, leading to enhanced susceptibility to radiation therapy. These results suggest the possibility of using SAS to augment the treatment of radio-resistant cancers.
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Nagane M, Kuppusamy ML, An J, Mast JM, Gogna R, Yasui H, Yamamori T, Inanami O, Kuppusamy P. Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) Kinase Regulates eNOS Expression and Modulates Radiosensitivity in Endothelial Cells Exposed to Ionizing Radiation. Radiat Res 2018; 189:519-528. [PMID: 29474156 DOI: 10.1667/rr14781.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), a constitutive enzyme expressed in vascular endothelial cells, is the main source of nitric oxide (NO), which plays key roles in diverse biological functions, including regulation of vascular tone. Exposure to radiation has been known to generate nitric oxide from eNOS; however, the precise mechanism of its generation and function is not known. The goal of this study was to determine the involvement of radiation-induced DNA damage response (DDR) on eNOS transcription and its effect on cell survival after irradiation. Irradiated bovine aortic endothelial cells showed increased eNOS transcription and NO generation through upregulation of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase. Radiation exposure induced NO inhibited cell death, as well as induced cellular senescence postirradiation. This study established that radiation-induced DDR uses ATM kinase to upregulate eNOS transcription and NO generation, leading to cellular senescence, which may play a critical role in radiation-mediated cardiovascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Nagane
- a Department of Radiology, The Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756.,b Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.,c Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan
| | - M Lakshmi Kuppusamy
- a Department of Radiology, The Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756
| | - Jennifer An
- a Department of Radiology, The Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756
| | - Jesse M Mast
- a Department of Radiology, The Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756
| | - Rajan Gogna
- a Department of Radiology, The Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756.,d Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hironobu Yasui
- b Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Tohru Yamamori
- b Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Osamu Inanami
- b Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Periannan Kuppusamy
- a Department of Radiology, The Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756
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Sakai Y, Yamamori T, Yoshikawa Y, Bo T, Suzuki M, Yamamoto K, Ago T, Inanami O. NADPH oxidase 4 mediates ROS production in radiation-induced senescent cells and promotes migration of inflammatory cells. Free Radic Res 2017; 52:92-102. [PMID: 29228832 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1416112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Excessive DNA damage induced by ionising radiation (IR) to normal tissue cells is known to trigger cellular senescence, a process termed stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS). SIPS is often accompanied by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and this is reported to be important for the initiation and maintenance of SIPS. However, the source of ROS during SIPS after IR and their significance in radiation-induced normal tissue damage remain elusive. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the NADPH oxidase (NOX) family of proteins mediates ROS production in SIPS-induced cells after IR and plays a role in SIPS-associated biological events. X-irradiation of primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) resulted in cellular senescence and the concomitant increase of intracellular ROS. Among all six murine NOX isoforms (NOX1-4 and DUOX1/2), only NOX4 was detectable under basal conditions and was upregulated following IR. In addition, radiation-induced ROS production was diminished by genetic or pharmacological inhibition of NOX4. Meanwhile, NOX4 deficiency did not affect the induction of cellular senescence after IR. Furthermore, the migration of human monocytic U937 cells to the culture medium collected from irradiated MEFs was significantly reduced by NOX4 inhibition, suggesting that NOX4 promotes the recruitment of inflammatory cells. Collectively, our findings imply that NOX4 mediates ROS production in radiation-induced senescent cells and contributes to normal tissue damage after IR via the recruitment of inflammatory cells and the exacerbation of tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Sakai
- a Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Tohru Yamamori
- a Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Yoji Yoshikawa
- b Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Tomoki Bo
- a Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Motofumi Suzuki
- c Radiation and Cancer Biology Team , National Institutes for Quantum and Radiobiological Science and Technology , Chiba , Japan
| | - Kumiko Yamamoto
- a Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Tetsuro Ago
- b Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Osamu Inanami
- a Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
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Kim HS, Lee SM, Kim YJ, Jang W, Seo YR. Integrative toxicogenomic analysis for elucidating molecular interference on DNA integrity and repair system with underlying signaling networks in response to low-level lead acetate in rat liver model. Mol Cell Toxicol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-017-0019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Guerreiro PS, Corvacho E, Costa JG, Saraiva N, Fernandes AS, Castro M, Miranda JP, Oliveira NG. The APE1 redox inhibitor E3330 reduces collective cell migration of human breast cancer cells and decreases chemoinvasion and colony formation when combined with docetaxel. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:561-571. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia S. Guerreiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa); Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisbon Portugal
| | - Eduardo Corvacho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa); Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisbon Portugal
| | - João G. Costa
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa); Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisbon Portugal
- CBIOS; Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies; Lisbon Portugal
| | - Nuno Saraiva
- CBIOS; Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies; Lisbon Portugal
| | - Ana S. Fernandes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa); Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisbon Portugal
- CBIOS; Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies; Lisbon Portugal
| | - Matilde Castro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa); Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisbon Portugal
| | - Joana P. Miranda
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa); Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisbon Portugal
| | - Nuno G. Oliveira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa); Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisbon Portugal
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14
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Yamamori T, Sasagawa T, Ichii O, Hiyoshi M, Bo T, Yasui H, Kon Y, Inanami O. Analysis of the mechanism of radiation-induced upregulation of mitochondrial abundance in mouse fibroblasts. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2017; 58:292-301. [PMID: 27974504 PMCID: PMC5440862 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrw113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria strongly contribute to the maintenance of cellular integrity through various mechanisms, including oxidative adenosine triphosphate production and calcium homeostasis regulation. Therefore, proper regulation of the abundance, distribution and activity of mitochondria is crucial for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Previous studies have shown that ionizing radiation (IR) alters mitochondrial functions, suggesting that mitochondria are likely to be an important target of IR. Though IR reportedly influences cellular mitochondrial abundance, the mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, we examined how IR influences mitochondrial abundance in mouse fibroblasts. When mouse NIH/3T3 cells were exposed to X-rays, a time-dependent increase was observed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and mitochondrial mass, indicating radiation-induced upregulation of mitochondrial abundance. Meanwhile, not only did we not observe a significant change in autophagic activity after irradiation, but in addition, IR hardly influenced the expression of two mitochondrial proteins, cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV and cytochrome c, or the mRNA expression of Polg, a component of DNA polymerase γ. We also observed that the expression of transcription factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis was only marginally affected by IR. These data imply that radiation-induced upregulation of mitochondrial abundance is an event independent of macroautophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, we found evidence that IR induced long-term cell cycle arrest and cellular senescence, indicating that these events are involved in regulating mitochondrial abundance. Considering the growing significance of mitochondria in cellular radioresponses, we believe the present study provides novel insights into understanding the effects of IR on mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Yamamori
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Sasagawa
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Osamu Ichii
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Mie Hiyoshi
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Bo
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hironobu Yasui
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kon
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Osamu Inanami
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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15
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Wang DD, Chen X, Yu DD, Yang SJ, Shen HY, Sha HH, Zhong SL, Zhao JH, Tang JH. miR-197: A novel biomarker for cancers. Gene 2016; 591:313-9. [PMID: 27320730 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that could regulate post-transcription level through binding to 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which were reported to be related with the incidence and development of diverse neoplasms. Among them, miR-197 was confirmed to play a vital role of oncogene or anti-oncogene in different cancers via targeting key tumorigenic or tumor-suppressive genes. Additionally, miR-197 had extensively been studied in carcinogenesis progression of cancers through various mechanisms, including apoptosis, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, drug resistance and tumor suppressor, and also played a role in prognosis of cancers. In this review, we summarized the roles of miR-197 in cancers and considered it as a potentially novel biomarker for different cancers, offering an alternatively secure and effective tool in molecular targeting cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Wang
- The First Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China; The Forth Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiu Chen
- The Forth Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dan-Dan Yu
- The First Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Su-Jin Yang
- The Forth Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hong-Yu Shen
- The Forth Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huan-Huan Sha
- The Forth Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shan-Liang Zhong
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jian-Hua Zhao
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jin-Hai Tang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Baiziting 42, Nanjing 210009, China.
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