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Bourque J, Hawiger D. The BTLA-HVEM-CD5 Immunoregulatory Axis-An Instructive Mechanism Governing pTreg Cell Differentiation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1163. [PMID: 31191536 PMCID: PMC6541033 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bourque
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Daniel Hawiger
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Burgueño-Bucio E, Mier-Aguilar CA, Soldevila G. The multiple faces of CD5. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:891-904. [PMID: 30676652 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.mr0618-226r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery, over 30 years ago, CD5 has been used as a marker to identify T cells, B1-a cells, and B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Throughout the years, many studies have described the functional relevance of CD5 as a modulator of T and B cell receptor signaling. However, it has not been until recent years that CD5 has emerged as a functional receptor in other areas of the immune system. Here, we review some of the most important aspects of CD5 as a modulator of TCR and BCR signaling, cell survival receptor both in T and B cells during health and disease, as well as the newly discovered roles of this receptor in thymocyte selection, T cell effector differentiation, and immune tolerance. CD5 was found to promote T cell survival by protecting autoreactive T cell from activation-induced cell death, to promote de novo induction of regulatory T cells in the periphery, to modulate Th17 and Th2 differentiation, and to modulate immune responses by modulating dendritic cell functions. CD5 is overexpressed in Tregs and Bregs, which are fundamental to maintain immune homeostasis. The newly established roles of CD5 in modulating different aspects of immune responses identify this receptor as an immune checkpoint modulator, and therefore it could be used as a target for immune intervention in different pathologies such as cancer, autoimmune diseases or infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Burgueño-Bucio
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Mier-Aguilar
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gloria Soldevila
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Abós B, Bird S, Granja AG, Morel E, More Bayona JA, Barreda DR, Tafalla C. Identification of the First Teleost CD5 Molecule: Additional Evidence on Phenotypical and Functional Similarities between Fish IgM + B Cells and Mammalian B1 Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:465-480. [PMID: 29866701 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite teleost fish being the first animal group in which all elements of adaptive immunity are present, the lack of follicular structures, as well as the fact that systemic Ab responses rely exclusively on unswitched low-affinity IgM responses, strongly suggests that fish B cell responses resemble mammalian B1 cell responses rather than those of B2 cells. In line with this hypothesis, in the current study, we have identified a homolog of CD5 in teleost fish. This pan-T marker belonging to the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich family of receptors is commonly used in mammals to distinguish a subset of B1 cells. Subsequently, we have demonstrated that a very high percentage of teleost IgM+ B cells express this marker, in contrast to the limited population of CD5-expressing B1 cells found in most mammals. Furthermore, we demonstrate that fish IgM+ B cells share classical phenotypic features of mammalian B1 cells such as large size, high complexity, high surface IgM, and low surface IgD expression, regardless of CD5 expression. Additionally, fish IgM+ B cells, unlike murine B2 cells, also displayed extended survival in cell culture and did not proliferate after BCR engagement. Altogether, our results demonstrate that although fish are evolutionarily the first group in which all the elements of acquired immunity are present, in the absence of follicular structures, most teleost IgM+ B cells have retained phenotypical and functional characteristics of mammalian B1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Abós
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, Madrid 28130, Spain
| | - Steve Bird
- Biomedical Unit, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand; and
| | - Aitor G Granja
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, Madrid 28130, Spain
| | - Esther Morel
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, Madrid 28130, Spain
| | - Juan A More Bayona
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Daniel R Barreda
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada
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Kijimoto-Ochiai S, Matsumoto-Mizuno T, Kamimura D, Murakami M, Kobayashi M, Matsuoka I, Ochiai H, Ishida H, Kiso M, Kamimura K, Koda T. Existence of NEU1 sialidase on mouse thymocytes whose natural substrate is CD5. Glycobiology 2018; 28:306-317. [PMID: 29897583 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-bound sialidases in the mouse thymus are unique and mysterious because their activity at pH 6.5 is equal to or higher than that in the acidic region. The pH curve like this has never been reported in membrane-bound form. To clarify this enzyme, we studied the sialidase activities of crude membrane fractions from immature-T, mature-T and non-T cells from C57BL/6 mice and from SM/J mice, a strain with a defect in NEU1 activity. Non-T cells from C57BL/6 mice had high activity at pH 6.5, but those from SM/J mice did not. Neu1 and Neu3 mRNA was shown by real-time PCR to be expressed in T cells and also in non-T cells, whereas Neu2 was expressed mainly in non-T cells and Neu4 was scarcely expressed. However, the in situ hybridization study on the localization of four sialidases in the thymus showed that Neu4 was clearly expressed. We then focused on a sialidase on the thymocyte surface because the possibility of the existence of a sialidase on thymocytes was suggested by peanut agglutinin (PNA) staining after incubation of the cells alone in PBS. This activity was inhibited by NEU1-selective sialidase inhibitor C9-butyl-amide-2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid. The natural substrate for the cell surface sialidase was identified as clustered differentiation 5 (CD5) by PNA-blot analysis of anti-CD5 immunoprecipitate. We conclude that NEU1 exists on the cell surface of mouse thymocytes and CD5 is a natural substrate for it. Although this is not the main reaction of the membrane-bound thymus-sialidases, it must be important for the thymus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daisuke Kamimura
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Psychoimmunology
| | - Masaaki Murakami
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Psychoimmunology
| | | | | | - Hiroshi Ochiai
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan
| | - Hideharu Ishida
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences and Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN)
| | - Makoto Kiso
- Organization for Research and Community development, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Keiko Kamimura
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21 W11, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Koda
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21 W11, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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5
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Vasquez M, Simões I, Consuegra-Fernández M, Aranda F, Lozano F, Berraondo P. Exploiting scavenger receptors in cancer immunotherapy: Lessons from CD5 and SR-B1. Eur J Immunol 2017; 47:1108-1118. [PMID: 28504304 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Scavenger receptors (SRs) are structurally heterogeneous cell surface receptors characterized by their capacity to remove extraneous or modified self-macromolecules from circulation, thus avoiding the accumulation of noxious agents in the extracellular space. This scavenging activity makes SRs important molecules for host defense and homeostasis. In turn, SRs keep the activation of the steady-state immune response in check, and participate as co-receptors in the priming of the effector immune responses when the macromolecules are associated with a threat that might compromise host homeostasis. Therefore, SRs built up sophisticated sensor mechanisms controlling the immune system, which may be exploited to develop novel drugs for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we focus on the regulation of the anti-tumor immune response by two paradigmatic SRs: the lymphocyte receptor CD5 and the more broadly distributed scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1). Cancer immunity can be boosted by blockade of SRs working as immune checkpoint inhibitors (CD5) and/or by proper engagement of SRs working as innate danger receptor (SR-B1). Thus, these receptors illustrate both the complexity of targeting SRs in cancer immunotherapy and also the opportunities offered by such an approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Vasquez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Inês Simões
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Aranda
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Lozano
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Biomedical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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CD5-CK2 Signaling Modulates Erk Activation and Thymocyte Survival. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168155. [PMID: 28030587 PMCID: PMC5193405 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
CD5 is well recognized for its importance in thymic selection. Although this property of CD5 has been attributed to its ITIM-domain dependent regulation of TCR-signal strength, the mechanism has not been established. A second major signaling domain within the cytoplasmic tail of CD5 is a CK2 binding/activation domain (CD5-CK2BD). Using a gene-targeted mouse in which the CD5-CK2BD is selectively ablated (CD5-ΔCK2BD), we determined that loss of function of CD5-CK2 signaling in a MHC-II selecting TCR transgenic (OT-II) mouse resulted in decrease in double positive (DP) thymocytes, which correlated with enhanced apoptosis. Remarkably, DP cells expressing high levels of CD5 and CD69 and single positive (CD4+SP) thymocytes were increased in CD5-ΔCK2BD mice indicating that CD5-CK2 signaling regulates positive selection and promotes survival. Consistent with this possibility, we determined that the activation and nuclear localization of ERK as well as apoptosis was greater in thymic populations from OTII CD5-ΔCK2BD mice than OTII CD5-WT mice following injection of OVA323-339-peptide. The mobilization of Ca2+, an early event of TCR activation, was not altered by the loss of CD5-CK2 signaling. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the CD5-CK2 signaling axis regulates positive selection by modulating activation of ERK and promoting survival independent of proximal TCR signals.
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Sharma Y, Ahmad A, Bashir S, Elahi A, Khan F. Implication of protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 in cancer-related signaling pathways. Future Oncol 2016; 12:1287-98. [PMID: 26987952 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2015-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The altered expression of SHP-1 (SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase) as a consequence of promoter hypermethylation or mutations has evidently been linked to cancer development. The notion of being a cancer drug target is conceivable as SHP-1 negatively regulates cell cycle and inflammatory pathways which are an inevitable part of oncogenic transformation. In the present review, we try to critically analyze the role of SHP-1 in cancer progression via regulating the above mentioned pathways with the major emphasis on cell cycle components and JAK/STAT pathway, commencing with the SHP-1 biology in immune cell signaling. Lastly, we have provided the future directions for researchers to encourage SHP-1 as a prognostic marker and curative target for this debilitating disease called as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadhu Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Altaf Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh-202002, India
| | - Samina Bashir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Asif Elahi
- Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (Council for Scientific & Industrial Research), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana-500007, India
| | - Farah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
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