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Shibata M, Terada A, Kawaguchi T, Kamatani Y, Okada D, Nagashima K, Ohmura K, Matsuda F, Kawaguchi S, Sese J, Yamada R. Identification of epistatic SNP combinations in rheumatoid arthritis using LAMPLINK and Japanese cohorts. J Hum Genet 2024:10.1038/s10038-024-01269-y. [PMID: 39014190 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-024-01269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have enabled the identification of important genetic factors in many trait studies. However, only a fraction of the heritability can be explained by known genetic factors, even in the most common diseases. Genetic loci combinations, or epistatic contributions expressed by combinations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), have been argued to be one of the critical factors explaining some of the missing heritability, especially in oligogenic/polygenic diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex disease with more than 100 reported SNP associations, as well as various HLA haplotypes and amino acids; however, many associations between RA and inter-chromosomal SNP combinations are unknown. To discover novel associations of epistatic interactions with high odds ratios in RA, we applied the LAMPLINK method, a systematic enumerative procedure for identifying high-order SNP combinations, to a Japanese RA cohort (discovery cohort; 4024 patients with RA and 7731 controls). We validated the identified associations in a different Japanese cohort (validation cohort; 810 RA patients and 6303 controls). In this study, we identified 90 significant genetic associations in the discovery cohort. Among these, 74 (82.2%) associations were replicated in the validation cohort, and eight combinations were inter-chromosomal, all of which comprised rs7765379 or rs35265698 located in the HLA region. These two SNPs exhibited strong correlations with valine at amino acid position 11 in HLA-DRB1 (HLA-DRB1-11-Val). Finally, we discovered that rs9624 showed an association with RA through an epistatic interaction with HLA-DRB1-11-Val. Overall, LAMPLINK showed high reliability for identifying epistatic genetic contributions hidden in complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Shibata
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Kyoto-McGill International Collaborative School in Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Daigo Okada
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nagashima
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ohmura
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Kyoto-McGill International Collaborative School in Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuji Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
- Kyoto-McGill International Collaborative School in Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Jun Sese
- Humanome Lab. Inc., Tokyo, Japan.
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ryo Yamada
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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2
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Zhao Y, Ning J, Teng H, Deng Y, Sheldon M, Shi L, Martinez C, Zhang J, Tian A, Sun Y, Nakagawa S, Yao F, Wang H, Ma L. Long noncoding RNA Malat1 protects against osteoporosis and bone metastasis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2384. [PMID: 38493144 PMCID: PMC10944492 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46602-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
MALAT1, one of the few highly conserved nuclear long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), is abundantly expressed in normal tissues. Previously, targeted inactivation and genetic rescue experiments identified MALAT1 as a suppressor of breast cancer lung metastasis. On the other hand, Malat1-knockout mice are viable and develop normally. On a quest to discover the fundamental roles of MALAT1 in physiological and pathological processes, we find that this lncRNA is downregulated during osteoclastogenesis in humans and mice. Remarkably, Malat1 deficiency in mice promotes osteoporosis and bone metastasis of melanoma and mammary tumor cells, which can be rescued by genetic add-back of Malat1. Mechanistically, Malat1 binds to Tead3 protein, a macrophage-osteoclast-specific Tead family member, blocking Tead3 from binding and activating Nfatc1, a master regulator of osteoclastogenesis, which results in the inhibition of Nfatc1-mediated gene transcription and osteoclast differentiation. Notably, single-cell transcriptome analysis of clinical bone samples reveals that reduced MALAT1 expression in pre-osteoclasts and osteoclasts is associated with osteoporosis and metastatic bone lesions. Altogether, these findings identify Malat1 as a lncRNA that protects against osteoporosis and bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jingyuan Ning
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Hongqi Teng
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yalan Deng
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Marisela Sheldon
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Consuelo Martinez
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Annie Tian
- Department of Kinesiology, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Yutong Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Fan Yao
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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3
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Wang C, Wang X, Zheng H, Yao J, Xiang Y, Liu D. The ndrg2 Gene Regulates Hair Cell Morphogenesis and Auditory Function during Zebrafish Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10002. [PMID: 37373150 PMCID: PMC10297845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Damages of sensory hair cells (HCs) are mainly responsible for sensorineural hearing loss, however, its pathological mechanism is not yet fully understood due to the fact that many potential deafness genes remain unidentified. N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (ndrg2) is commonly regarded as a tumor suppressor and a cell stress-responsive gene extensively involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and invasion, while its roles in zebrafish HC morphogenesis and hearing remains unclear. Results of this study suggested that ndrg2 was highly expressed in the HCs of the otic vesicle and neuromasts via in situ hybridization and single-cell RNA sequencing. Ndrg2 loss-of-function larvae showed decreased crista HCs, shortened cilia, and reduced neuromasts and functional HCs, which could be rescued by the microinjection of ndrg2 mRNA. Moreover, ndrg2 deficiency induced attenuated startle response behaviors to sound vibration stimuli. Mechanistically, there were no detectable HC apoptosis and supporting cell changes in the ndrg2 mutants, and HCs were capable of recovering by blocking the Notch signaling pathway, suggesting that ndrg2 was implicated in HC differentiation mediated by Notch. Overall, our study demonstrates that ndrg2 plays crucial roles in HC development and auditory sensory function utilizing the zebrafish model, which provides new insights into the identification of potential deafness genes and regulation mechanism of HC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; (C.W.); (J.Y.); (Y.X.)
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China;
| | - Hao Zheng
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China;
| | - Jia Yao
- Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; (C.W.); (J.Y.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yuqing Xiang
- Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; (C.W.); (J.Y.); (Y.X.)
| | - Dong Liu
- Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; (C.W.); (J.Y.); (Y.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China;
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4
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Cheng F, Li H, Liu J, Yan F, Chen Y, Hu H. EZH2 regulates the balance between osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation to inhibit arthritis-induced bone destruction. Genes Immun 2022; 23:141-148. [PMID: 35581496 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-022-00174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been noted to contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This study sought to investigate the mechanism of EZH2 in osteoclast (OCL) and osteoblast (OBL) differentiation (OCLD/OBLD) and bone destruction in RA. The animal model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was established, followed by arthritis index (AI) scoring and histological staining, and measurements of inflammatory cytokines levels. The number of OCLs was detected via Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, and levels of OBL markers were determined by Western blot analysis. Trimethylated histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) expression and its enrichment in the Ndrg2 promoter were detected. Collaborative experiments were performed with GSK-J1 or sh-Ndrg2 in CIA mice with EZH2 knockdown. EZH2 was upregulated while Ndrg2 was downregulated in knee joint tissues of CIA mice. Silencing EZH2 reduced AI scores, pathological injury of the knee joint, levels of inflammatory cytokines, and TRAP-positive cells, and increased protein levels of RUNX2 and BMP2. EZH2 promoted H3K27me3 level in the Ndrg2 promoter to inhibit Ndrg2 transcription. H3K27me3 upregulation or Ndrg2 downregulation reversed the role of silencing EZH2 in bone destruction. Overall, EZH2 repressed OBLD and promoted OCLD to aggravate bone destruction in CIA mice through H3K27me3/Ndrg2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Lianyungang Oriental Hospital, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengfeng Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Lianyungang Oriental Hospital, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu, China.
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5
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CD13 is a critical regulator of cell-cell fusion in osteoclastogenesis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10736. [PMID: 34031489 PMCID: PMC8144195 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90271-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane aminopeptidase CD13 is highly expressed in cells of the myeloid lineage, regulates dynamin-dependent receptor endocytosis and recycling and is a necessary component of actin cytoskeletal organization. Here, we show that CD13-deficient mice present a low bone density phenotype with increased numbers of osteoclasts per bone surface, but display a normal distribution of osteoclast progenitor populations in the bone marrow and periphery. In addition, the bone formation and mineral apposition rates are similar between genotypes, indicating a defect in osteoclast-specific function in vivo. Lack of CD13 led to exaggerated in vitro osteoclastogenesis as indicated by significantly enhanced fusion of bone marrow-derived multinucleated osteoclasts in the presence of M-CSF and RANKL, resulting in abnormally large cells containing remarkably high numbers of nuclei. Mechanistically, while expression levels of the fusion-regulatory proteins dynamin and DC-STAMP1 must be downregulated for fusion to proceed, these are aberrantly sustained at high levels even in CD13-deficient mature multi-nucleated osteoclasts. Further, the stability of fusion-promoting proteins is maintained in the absence of CD13, implicating CD13 in protein turnover mechanisms. Together, we conclude that CD13 may regulate cell–cell fusion by controlling the expression and localization of key fusion regulatory proteins that are critical for osteoclast fusion.
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6
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Chen M, Pang DD, Dai SM. Expression Profile of Osteoclasts Following the Stimulation With Interleukin-23 in Mice. Arch Rheumatol 2021; 35:533-544. [PMID: 33758810 PMCID: PMC7945700 DOI: 10.46497/archrheumatol.2020.7510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
This study aims to analyze the expression profile of osteoclasts (OCs) following the stimulation with interleukin 23 (IL-23) in mice, which would imply the underlying effects of IL-23 on the function of OCs in inflammatory arthritis. Materials and methods
Mature OCs were induced from bone marrow mononuclear cells of 5 male mice (age 6 weeks; weighing 18-20 g) in the presence of macrophage-colony stimulating factor (50 ng/mL) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (30 ng/mL) in vitro. The Agilent SurePrint G3 Mouse GE V2.0 Microarray was used to analyze the gene expression profile of OCs stimulated with IL-23 (30 ng/mL) or vehicle. The four major IL-23-modulated genes were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis. Results
The expression levels of 23 genes were up-regulated and 32 genes were down-regulated by IL-23 stimulation (fold change ≥1.5 and p value <0.05). Among them, there were 37 genes with assigned gene symbols. Gene ontology analysis showed that the IL-23-regulated messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) were related to positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis, chemokine-mediated signaling pathway and C-X-C chemokine receptors binding. The pathway analysis showed that the IL-23-regulated mRNAs were related to chemokine signaling pathway and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. The significant up-regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 induced by IL-23 was confirmed by qPCR. In addition, there were 18 long non-coding RNAs that were regulated by IL-23, while their function needs to be confirmed in the future. Conclusion Expression levels of genes related to chemotaxis in OCs were up-regulated by IL-23 in mice, which imply that IL-23 may facilitate chemotaxis of OCs in inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Chen
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan-Dan Pang
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Ming Dai
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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7
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Hejrati A, Hasani B, Esmaili M, Bashash D, Tavakolinia N, Zafari P. Role of exosome in autoimmunity, with a particular emphasis on rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Rheum Dis 2020; 24:159-169. [PMID: 33159418 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell-derived exosomes are identified as carriers of lipids, proteins, and genetic materials that participate in cell-cell signal communication, biological process, and cell signaling. Also, their involvement has been reported in a vast array of disorders and inflammatory conditions such as autoimmune diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a common cause of joint disorder, is an inflammation-based disease in which the precise understanding of its pathogenesis needs to be further investigated. Also, there is only a palliative care approach for the alleviation of RA symptoms. This paper discusses the recent advances in the biology of exosomes in autoimmune disorders especially in RA, and also provides a new line of research for arthritis therapy using exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Hejrati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hazrate-Rasool General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahare Hasani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Esmaili
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naeimeh Tavakolinia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Zafari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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8
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Tu C, He J, Chen R, Li Z. The Emerging Role of Exosomal Non-coding RNAs in Musculoskeletal Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:4523-4535. [PMID: 31724510 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191113104946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are phospholipid bilayer-enclosed membrane vesicles derived and constitutively secreted by various metabolically active cells. They are capable of mediating hetero- and homotypic intercellular communication by transferring multiple cargos from donor cells to recipient cells. Nowadays, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as novel potential biomarkers or disease-targeting agents in a variety of diseases. However, the lack of effective delivery systems may impair their clinical application. Recently, accumulating evidence demonstrated that ncRNAs could be efficiently delivered to recipient cells using exosomes as a carrier, and therefore can exert a critical role in musculoskeletal diseases including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, muscular dystrophies, osteosarcoma and other diseases. Herein, we present an extensive review of biogenesis, physiological relevance and clinical implication of exosome-derived ncRNAs in musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jieyu He
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ruiqi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
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9
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Chen S, Wang J, Cai C, Xie X. N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene 2 (NDRG2) Promotes Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2)-Induced Osteoblastic Differentiation and Calcification by Janus Kinase 3 (JAK3)/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e918541. [PMID: 31911574 PMCID: PMC6977618 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is an osteolytic disease resulted from imbalance in bone homeostasis. Studies indicated that N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) could affect the osteoclast differentiation. However, the effect of NDRG2 on osteoblastic differentiation and calcification remains unknown. Hence, we aimed to analyze the effect of NDRG2 on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. Material/Methods The differentiation of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) induced MC3T3-E1 cells was observed by the microscope. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis detected the expression of BMP2, NDRG2, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteoprotegerin (OPG), osterix (OSX), and osteocalcin (OCN). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay was detecting the ALP activity and alizarin red staining assay was analyzing intracellular calcium salt deposition. The cell transfection was also verified by RT-qPCR analysis. Results The results demonstrated that BMP2 promoted the osteoblastic differentiation with the increasing expression of Runx2, OPG, OSX, and OCN. NDRG2 expression was upregulated during osteogenic differentiation. NDRG2 overexpression promoted the expression of Runx2, OPG, OSX, and OCN, and increased the ALP activity while NDRG2 inhibition reversed the changes. NDRG2 overexpression increased the intracellular calcium salt deposition and NDRG2 inhibition reversed the changes. The role of NDRG2 in osteoblastic differentiation and calcification was played through the JAK3/STAT3 signal pathway. Conclusions The presented data indicated that NDRG2 promoted BMP2-induced osteoblastic differentiation and calcification by activating the JAK3/STAT3 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- SunYu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - JianKun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Chao Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoyan Xie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
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10
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Han L, Zan Y, Huang C, Zhang S. NELFE promoted pancreatic cancer metastasis and the epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition by decreasing the stabilization of NDRG2 mRNA. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:1313-1323. [PMID: 31638184 PMCID: PMC6831195 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative elongation factor E (NELFE) has been demonstrated to promote cancer progression as an RNA‑binding protein (RBP). However, the expression patterns, biological role and molecular mechanism of NELFE in pancreatic cancer (PC) remain largely unknown. The expression levels of NELFE in 120 pairs of PC tissues and adjacent non‑tumor clinical samples collected from patients with PC were examined via reverse transcription‑quantitative (RT‑q) PCR and immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expression levels of NELFE, N‑Myc downstream‑regulated gene 2 (NDRG2), c‑Myc, survivin and cyclin D1 were detected via RT‑qPCR. The protein expression levels of NELFE, NDRG2, total β‑catenin, nuclear β‑catenin, cytosolic β‑catenin, E‑cadherin, N‑cadherin and Vimentin were measured by western blotting. NELFE and NDRG2 were then knocked‑down by short hairpin (sh)RNA. PC cell proliferation was detected by MTT and colony formation assays. Invasion and migration were detected by transwell assays. The interaction between NELFE and NDRG2 was detected by luciferase reporter assays, mRNA decay assays and RNA immunoprecipitation. NELFE expression was increased in PC tissues compared with the paired non‑cancerous tissues. NELFE expression was upregulated in PC cells when compared with normal pancreatic cells (HPDE6‑C7). The present study revealed that knockdown of NELFE inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of PC cells. In addition, transfection of the sh‑NELFE vector inhibited the epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition in PC cells by suppressing the expression and nuclear accumulation of β‑catenin. Further mechanistic studies revealed that NELFE activates the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway by decreasing the stabilization of NDRG2 mRNA in PC. To the best of our knowledge, these results revealed the promotional function of NELFE on PC tumorigenesis and metastasis for the first time, helping to provide a promising strategy for the treatment of patients with PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Han
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Chen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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11
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Takamura Y, Aoki W, Satomura A, Shibasaki S, Ueda M. Small RNAs detected in exosomes derived from the MH7A synovial fibroblast cell line with TNF-α stimulation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201851. [PMID: 30096164 PMCID: PMC6086399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes the chronic inflammation of the joints. Intercellular communication containing synovial fibroblasts seems to play a major role in RA pathogenesis. In this study, to better understand intercellular communication related to RA pathogenesis, we identified exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) derived from synovial fibroblasts. Exosomes were collected from an RA synovial fibroblast (RASF) cell line, namely, MH7A, with or without stimulation by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). We used small RNA sequencing to analyze the profile of small RNAs, including miRNAs, in MH7A exosomes and cells. By using differential expression analysis, we identified four miRNAs (miR-155-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-323a-5p, and miR-1307-3p) that are upregulated in exosomes with TNF-α stimulation. The identification of miR-155-5p and miR-146a-5p which have been reported in RA patients demonstrated the validity of our experimental model. Other two miRNAs were newly identified. miR-323a-5p was predicted to target the protein encoding gene CD6, which attenuates T-cell activation signals, and miR-1307-3p was predicted to target the protein encoding gene N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2), which inhibits osteoclast-related gene expression. The results suggested that these miRNAs might be involved in RA pathogenesis. We hope our results will help us understand the role of RASF exosomes in RA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Takamura
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Wataru Aoki
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Satomura
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seiji Shibasaki
- General Education Center, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Ueda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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NDRG2 facilitates colorectal cancer differentiation through the regulation of Skp2-p21/p27 axis. Oncogene 2018; 37:1759-1774. [PMID: 29343851 PMCID: PMC5874257 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0118-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Poorly differentiated colorectal cancers (CRCs) are more aggressive and lack targeted therapies. We and others previously reported the predominant role of tumor-suppressor NDRG2 in promoting CRC differentiation, but the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that NDRG2 induction of CRC cell differentiation is dependent on the repression of E3 ligase Skp2 activity. In patients and Ndrg2 knockout mice, NDRG2 and Skp2 are negatively correlated and associated with cell differentiation stage. Further, NDRG2 suppression of Skp2 contributes to the inductions and stabilizations of p21 and p27, which are Skp2 target proteins for degradation. The reduction of either p21 or p27 levels by shRNA can decrease NDRG2-induced AKP activity and resume cell growth inhibition, thus both p21 and p27 are required for NDRG2 effect on the promotion of cell differentiation in CRCs. The mechanistic study shows that NDRG2 suppresses β-catenin nuclear translocation and decreases the occupancy of β-catenin/TCF complex on Skp2 promoter, potentially through dephosphorylating GSK-3β. By subjecting a series of NDRG2 deletion mutants to Skp2 expression, the loss of NH2-terminal domain can completely abolish NDRG2-dependent differentiation induction. Supporting the biological significance of the reciprocal relationship between NDRG2 and Skp2, an NDRG2low/Skp2high gene expression signature correlates with poor CRC patient outcome and could be considered as a diagnostic marker of CRCs.
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