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Swain J, Merida P, Rubio K, Bracquemond D, Neyret A, Aguilar-Ordoñez I, Günther S, Barreto G, Muriaux D. F-actin nanostructures rearrangements and regulation are essential for SARS-CoV-2 particle production in host pulmonary cells. iScience 2023; 26:107384. [PMID: 37564698 PMCID: PMC10410521 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study focused on deciphering the role of F-actin and related regulatory factors during SARS-CoV-2 particle production and transmission in human pulmonary cells. Quantitative high-resolution microscopies revealed that the late phases of SARS-CoV-2 infection induce a strong rearrangement of F-actin nanostructures dependent on the viral M, E, and N structural proteins. Intracellular vesicles containing viral components are labeled with Rab7 and Lamp1 and are surrounded by F-actin ring-shaped structures, suggesting their role in viral trafficking toward the cell membrane for virus release. Furthermore, filopodia-like nanostructures were loaded with viruses, potentially facilitating their egress and transmission between lung cells. Gene expression analysis revealed the involvement of alpha-actinins under the regulation of the protein kinase N (PKN). The use of a PKN inhibitor efficiently reduces virus particle production, restoring endoplasmic reticulum and F-actin cellular shape. Our results highlight an important role of F-actin rearrangements during the productive phases of SARS-CoV-2 particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendriya Swain
- Institute of Research in Infectiology of Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS, University of Montpellier, UMR9004 CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Peggy Merida
- Institute of Research in Infectiology of Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS, University of Montpellier, UMR9004 CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Karla Rubio
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Laboratoire IMoPA, UMR 7365, 54000 Nancy, France
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Ecocampus, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - David Bracquemond
- Institute of Research in Infectiology of Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS, University of Montpellier, UMR9004 CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Aymeric Neyret
- CEMIPAI, CNRS, University of Montpellier, UAR3725 CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Stefan Günther
- ECCPS Bioinformatics and Deep Sequencing, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Guillermo Barreto
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Laboratoire IMoPA, UMR 7365, 54000 Nancy, France
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Ecocampus, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Delphine Muriaux
- Institute of Research in Infectiology of Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS, University of Montpellier, UMR9004 CNRS, Montpellier, France
- CEMIPAI, CNRS, University of Montpellier, UAR3725 CNRS, Montpellier, France
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Zhang W, Liu Y, Li M, Zhu J, Li X, Luo TR, Liang J. Host Desmin Interacts with RABV Matrix Protein and Facilitates Virus Propagation. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020434. [PMID: 36851648 PMCID: PMC9964581 DOI: 10.3390/v15020434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfilaments and microtubules, two crucial structures of cytoskeletal networks, are usurped by various viruses for their entry, egress, and/or intracellular trafficking, including the Rabies virus (RABV). Intermediate filaments (IFs) are the third major component of cytoskeletal filaments; however, little is known about the role of IFs during the RABV infection. Here, we identified the IF protein desmin as a novel host interactor with the RABV matrix protein, and we show that this physical interaction has a functional impact on the virus lifecycle. We found that the overexpression of desmin facilitates the RABV infection by increasing the progeny virus yield, and the suppression of endogenous desmin inhibits virus replication. Furthermore, we used confocal microscopy to observe that the RABV-M co-localizes with desmin in IF bundles in the BHK-21 cells. Lastly, we found that mice challenged with RABV displayed an enhanced expression of desmin in the brains of infected animals. These findings reveal a desmin/RABV-M interaction that positively regulates the virus infection and suggests that the RABV may utilize cellular IFs as tracks for the intracellular transport of viral components and efficient budding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yuming Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Mengru Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (T.R.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Ting Rong Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (T.R.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingjing Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (T.R.L.); (J.L.)
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Wang H, Liu Y, Liu W, Wu K, Wang X. F-actin dynamics in midgut cells enables virus persistence in vector insects. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2022; 23:1671-1685. [PMID: 36073369 PMCID: PMC9562576 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hemipteran insects that transmit plant viruses in a persistent circulative manner acquire, retain and transmit viruses for their entire life. The mechanism enabling this persistence has remained unclear for many years. Here, we determined how wheat dwarf virus (WDV) persists in its leafhopper vector Psammotettix alienus. We found that WDV caused the up-regulation of actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) at the mRNA and protein levels in the midgut cells of leafhoppers after experiencing a WDV acquisition access period (AAP) of 6, 12 or 24 h. Experimental inhibition of F-actin depolymerization by jasplakinolide and dsRNA injection led to lower virus accumulation levels and transmission efficiencies, suggesting that depolymerization of F-actin regulated by ADF is essential for WDV invasion of midgut cells. Exogenous viral capsid protein (CP) inhibited ADF depolymerization of actin filaments in vitro and in Spodoptera frugiperda 9 (Sf9) cells because the CP competed with actin to bind ADF and then blocked actin filament disassembly. Interestingly, virions colocalized with ADF after a 24-h AAP, just as actin polymerization occurred, indicating that the binding of CP with ADF affects the ability of ADF to depolymerize F-actin, inhibiting WDV entry. Similarly, the luteovirus barley yellow dwarf virus also induced F-actin depolymerization and then polymerization in the gut cells of its vector Schizaphis graminum. Thus, F-actin dynamics are altered by nonpropagative viruses in midgut cells to enable virus persistence in vector insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan CropsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wenwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Kongming Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
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Liu X, Nawaz Z, Guo C, Ali S, Naeem MA, Jamil T, Ahmad W, Siddiq MU, Ahmed S, Asif Idrees M, Ahmad A. Rabies Virus Exploits Cytoskeleton Network to Cause Early Disease Progression and Cellular Dysfunction. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:889873. [PMID: 35685339 PMCID: PMC9172992 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.889873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rabies virus (RABV) is a cunning neurotropic pathogen and causes top priority neglected tropical diseases in the developing world. The genome of RABV consists of nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix protein (M), glycoprotein (G), and RNA polymerase L protein (L), respectively. The virus causes neuronal dysfunction instead of neuronal cell death by deregulating the polymerization of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton and subverts the associated binding and motor proteins for efficient viral progression. These binding proteins mainly maintain neuronal structure, morphology, synaptic integrity, and complex neurophysiological pathways. However, much of the exact mechanism of the viral-cytoskeleton interaction is yet unclear because several binding proteins of the actin-microtubule cytoskeleton are involved in multifaceted pathways to influence the retrograde and anterograde axonal transport of RABV. In this review, all the available scientific results regarding cytoskeleton elements and their possible interactions with RABV have been collected through systematic methodology, and thereby interpreted to explain sneaky features of RABV. The aim is to envisage the pathogenesis of RABV to understand further steps of RABV progression inside the cells. RABV interacts in a number of ways with the cell cytoskeleton to produce degenerative changes in the biochemical and neuropathological trails of neurons and other cell types. Briefly, RABV changes the gene expression of essential cytoskeleton related proteins, depolymerizes actin and microtubules, coordinates the synthesis of inclusion bodies, manipulates microtubules and associated motors proteins, and uses actin for clathrin-mediated entry in different cells. Most importantly, the P is the most intricate protein of RABV that performs complex functions. It artfully operates the dynein motor protein along the tracks of microtubules to assist the replication, transcription, and transport of RABV until its egress from the cell. New remedial insights at subcellular levels are needed to counteract the destabilization of the cytoskeleton under RABV infection to stop its life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Presidents' Office of China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zeeshan Nawaz
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Caixia Guo
- Department of Hand Surgery, Presidents' Office of China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Sultan Ali
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Naeem
- Department of Basic Sciences, University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Jamil
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Siddiq
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sarfraz Ahmed
- Department of Basic Sciences, University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Idrees
- Department of Pathobiology, University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Ali Ahmad
- Department of Pathobiology, University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Pakistan
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Lu MY, Wu JR, Liang RB, Wang YP, Zhu YC, Ma ZT, Zhang H, Zan J, Tan W. Upregulation of miR-219a-5p Decreases Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury In Vitro by Targeting Pde4d. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 29:104801. [PMID: 32249206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of disability and death globally. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in the development and pathogenesis of the nervous system. However, the exact function and mechanism of miRNAs have not been fully elucidated about brain damage caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). METHODS In this study, we explored the neuroprotective effects of miR-219a-5p on brain using an in vitro ischemia model (mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells treated with oxyglucose deprivation and reperfusion), and in vivo cerebral I/R model in mice. Western blot assay and Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction were used to check the expression of molecules involved. Flow cytometry and cholecystokinin were used to examine cell apoptosis, respectively. RESULTS Our research shows that miR-219a-5p gradually decreases in cerebral I/R models in vivo and in vitro. In vitro I/R, we find that miR-219a-5p mimics provided evidently protection for cerebral I/R damage, as shown by increased cell viability and decreased the release of LDH and cell apoptosis. Mechanically, our findings indicate that miR-219a-5p binds to cAMP specific 3', 5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) mRNA in the 3'-UTR region, which subsequently leads to a decrease in Pde4d expression in I/R N2a cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide new ideas for the study of the mechanism of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, and lay the foundation for further research on the treatment of brain I/R injury. Upregulation of miR-219a-5p decreases cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by targeting Pde4d in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yi Lu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Rong Wu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Bing Liang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Peng Wang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - You-Cai Zhu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Ting Ma
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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Abstract
While host proteins incorporated into virions during viral budding from infected cell are known to play essential roles in multiple process of the life cycle of progeny virus, these characteristics have been largely neglected in studies on rabies virus (RABV). Here, we purified the RABV virions with good purity and integrity, and analyzed their proteome by nano LC–MS/MS, followed by the confirmation with immunoblot and immuno-electronic microscopy. In addition to the 5 viral proteins, 49 cellular proteins were reproducibly identified to be incorporated into matured RABV virions. Function annotation suggested that 24 of them were likely involved in virus replication. Furthermore, cryo-EM was employed to observe the purified RABV virions, generating high-resolution pictures of the bullet-shaped virion structure of RABV. This study has provided new insights into the host proteins composition in RABV virion and shed the light for further investigation on molecular mechanisms of RABV infection, as well as the discovery of new anti-RABV therapeutics.
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Ohta K, Matsumoto Y, Nishio M. Profilin2 is required for filamentous actin formation induced by human parainfluenza virus type 2. Virology 2019; 533:108-114. [PMID: 31150988 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that human parainfluenza virus type 2 (hPIV-2) promoted RhoA activation and subsequent filamentous actin (F-actin) formation. Actin-binding proteins, such as profilin and cofilin, are involved in the regulation of F-actin formation by RhoA signaling. In the present study, we identified profilin2 as a key molecule that is involved in hPIV-2-induced F-actin formation. Immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that hPIV-2 V protein binds to profilin2 but not to profilin1. Mutation of Trp residues within C-terminal region of V protein abolished the binding capacity to profilin2. Depletion of profilin2 resulted in the inhibition of hPIV-2-induced F-actin formation and the suppression of hPIV-2 growth. Overexpression of wild type V but not Trp-mutated V protein reduced the quantity of actin co-immunoprecipitated with profilin2. Taken together, these results suggest that hPIV-2 V protein promotes F-actin formation by affecting actin-profilin2 interaction through its binding to profilin2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Ohta
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Yusuke Matsumoto
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Machiko Nishio
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Japan.
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Zan J, Liu S, Sun DN, Mo KK, Yan Y, Liu J, Hu BL, Gu JY, Liao M, Zhou JY. Rabies Virus Infection Induces Microtubule Depolymerization to Facilitate Viral RNA Synthesis by Upregulating HDAC6. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:146. [PMID: 28491824 PMCID: PMC5405082 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies virus (RABV) is the cause of rabies, and is associated with severe neurological symptoms, high mortality rate, and a serious threat to human health. Although cellular tubulin has recently been identified to be incorporated into RABV particles, the effects of RABV infection on the microtubule cytoskeleton remain poorly understood. In this study, we show that RABV infection induces microtubule depolymerization as observed by confocal microscopy, which is closely associated with the formation of the filamentous network of the RABV M protein. Depolymerization of microtubules significantly increases viral RNA synthesis, while the polymerization of microtubules notably inhibits viral RNA synthesis and prevents the viral M protein from inducing the formation of the filamentous network. Furthermore, the histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) expression level progressively increases during RABV infection, and the inhibition of HDAC6 deacetylase activity significantly decreases viral RNA synthesis. In addition, the expression of viral M protein alone was found to significantly upregulate HDAC6 expression, leading to a substantial reduction in its substrate, acetylated α-tubulin, eventually resulting in microtubule depolymerization. These results demonstrate that HDAC6 plays a positive role in viral transcription and replication by inducing microtubule depolymerization during RABV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Song Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Nan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Kai-Kun Mo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Bo-Li Hu
- Institute of Immunology, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Jin-Yan Gu
- Collaborative Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Min Liao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Yong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
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