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Stokovic N, Ivanjko N, Erjavec I, Breski A, Peric M, Vukicevic S. Zoledronate Bound to Ceramics Increases Ectopic Bone Volume Induced by rhBMP6 Delivered in Autologous Blood Coagulum in Rats. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101487. [PMID: 34680604 PMCID: PMC8533060 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous bone graft substitute (ABGS) containing rhBMP6 in autologous blood coagulum (ABC) with synthetic ceramics is a novel therapeutic solution for bone repair. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the application of Zoledronate (ZOL) with ABGS might enhance the properties of newly formed bone. The effect of ZOL on bone induction was tested in a rat subcutaneous implant model. ZOL bound to synthetic ceramics was added into ABGS implants, and the quantity, quality, and longevity of the induced bone were assessed by micro-CT, histomorphometry, and histology over a period of 365 days. Local use of ZOL in the ABGS implants with ceramics had no influence on the bone volume (BV) on day 14 but subsequently significantly increased BV on days 35, 50, 105, 140, and 365 compared to the control implants. Locally applied ZOL had a similar effect in all of the applied doses (2–20 µg), while its systemic use on stimulating the BV of newly induced bone by ABGS depended on the time of application. BV was increased when ZOL was applied systemically on day 14 but had no effect when applied on day 35. The administration of ZOL bound to ceramics in ABGS increased and maintained the BV over a period of one year, offering a novel bone tissue engineering strategy for treating bone defects and spinal fusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Stokovic
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.S.); (N.I.); (I.E.)
| | - Natalia Ivanjko
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.S.); (N.I.); (I.E.)
| | - Igor Erjavec
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.S.); (N.I.); (I.E.)
| | - Anita Breski
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Mihaela Peric
- Department for Intracellular Communication, Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Slobodan Vukicevic
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.S.); (N.I.); (I.E.)
- Correspondence:
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Wang J, Wang X, Zhen P, Fan B. [Research progress of in vivo bioreactor for bone tissue engineering]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2021; 35:627-635. [PMID: 33998218 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202012083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To review the research progress of in vivo bioreactor (IVB) for bone tissue engineering in order to provide reference for its future research direction. Methods The literature related to IVB used in bone tissue engineering in recent years was reviewed, and the principles of IVB construction, tissue types, sites, and methods of IVB construction, as well as the advantages of IVB used in bone tissue engineering were summarized. Results IVB takes advantage of the body's ability to regenerate itself, using the body as a bioreactor to regenerate new tissues or organs at injured sites or at ectopic sites that can support the regeneration of new tissues. IVB can be constructed by tissue flap (subcutaneous pocket, muscle flap/pocket, fascia flap, periosteum flap, omentum flap/abdominal cavity) and axial vascular pedicle (axial vascular bundle, arteriovenous loop) alone or jointly. IVB is used to prefabricate vascularized tissue engineered bone that matched the shape and size of the defect. The prefabricated vascularized tissue engineered bone can be used as bone graft, pedicled bone flap, or free bone flap to repair bone defect. IVB solves the problem of insufficient vascularization in traditional bone tissue engineering to a certain extent. Conclusion IVB is a promising method for vascularized tissue engineered bone prefabrication and subsequent bone defect reconstruction, with unique advantages in the repair of large complex bone defects. However, the complexity of IVB construction and surgical complications hinder the clinical application of IVB. Researchers should aim to develop a simple, safe, and efficient IVB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou Gansu, 730000, P.R.China.,Orthopaedic Center, the 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou Gansu, 730000, P.R.China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Design and Art, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou Gansu, 730000, P.R.China
| | - Ping Zhen
- Orthopaedic Center, the 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou Gansu, 730000, P.R.China
| | - Bo Fan
- Orthopaedic Center, the 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou Gansu, 730000, P.R.China
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3
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Ueyama H, Ohta Y, Imai Y, Suzuki A, Sugama R, Minoda Y, Takaoka K, Nakamura H. Topical co-administration of zoledronate with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 can induce and maintain bone formation in the bone marrow environment. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:94. [PMID: 33472600 PMCID: PMC7819170 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-03971-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) induce osteogenesis in various environments. However, when BMPs are used alone in the bone marrow environment, the maintenance of new bone formation is difficult owing to vigorous bone resorption. This is because BMPs stimulate the differentiation of not only osteoblast precursor cells but also osteoclast precursor cells. The present study aimed to induce and maintain new bone formation using the topical co-administration of recombinant human BMP-2 (rh-BMP-2) and zoledronate (ZOL) on beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) composite. Methods β-TCP columns were impregnated with both rh-BMP-2 (30 µg) and ZOL (5 µg), rh-BMP-2 alone, or ZOL alone, and implanted into the left femur canal of New Zealand white rabbits (n = 56). The implanted β-TCP columns were harvested and evaluated at 3 and 6 weeks after implantation. These harvested β-TCP columns were evaluated radiologically using plane radiograph, and histologically using haematoxylin/eosin (H&E) and Masson’s trichrome (MT) staining. In addition, micro-computed tomography (CT) was performed for qualitative analysis of bone formation in each group (n = 7). Results Tissue sections stained with H&E and MT dyes revealed that new bone formation inside the β-TCP composite was significantly greater in those impregnated with both rh-BMP-2 and ZOL than in those from the other experimental groups at 3 and 6 weeks after implantations (p < 0.05). Micro-CT data also demonstrated that the bone volume and the bone mineral density inside the β-TCP columns were significantly greater in those impregnated with both rh-BMP-2 and ZOL than in those from the other experimental groups at 3 and 6 weeks after implantations (p < 0.05). Conclusions The topical co-administration of both rh-BMP-2 and ZOL on β-TCP composite promoted and maintained newly formed bone structure in the bone marrow environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Ueyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, 545-8585, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ohta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, 545-8585, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yuuki Imai
- Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo-Science Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, 791-0295, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Akinobu Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, 545-8585, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Sugama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, 545-8585, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukihide Minoda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, 545-8585, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kunio Takaoka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, 545-8585, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, 545-8585, Osaka, Japan
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Simpson CR, Kelly HM, Murphy CM. Synergistic use of biomaterials and licensed therapeutics to manipulate bone remodelling and promote non-union fracture repair. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 160:212-233. [PMID: 33122088 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Disrupted bone metabolism can lead to delayed fracture healing or non-union, often requiring intervention to correct. Although the current clinical gold standard bone graft implants and commercial bone graft substitutes are effective, they possess inherent drawbacks and are limited in their therapeutic capacity for delayed union and non-union repair. Research into advanced biomaterials and therapeutic biomolecules has shown great potential for driving bone regeneration, although few have achieved commercial success or clinical translation. There are a number of therapeutics, which influence bone remodelling, currently licensed for clinical use. Providing an alternative local delivery context for these therapies, can enhance their efficacy and is an emerging trend in bone regenerative therapeutic strategies. This review aims to provide an overview of how biomaterial design has advanced from currently available commercial bone graft substitutes to accommodate previously licensed therapeutics that target local bone restoration and healing in a synergistic manner, and the challenges faced in progressing this research towards clinical reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Simpson
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helena M Kelly
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciara M Murphy
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland.
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5
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Shi GS, Li YY, Luo YP, Jin JF, Sun YX, Zheng LZ, Lai YX, Li L, Fu GH, Qin L, Chen SH. Bioactive PLGA/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds incorporating phytomolecule icaritin developed for calvarial defect repair in rat model. J Orthop Translat 2020; 24:112-120. [PMID: 32775203 PMCID: PMC7390784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives For treatment of large bone defects challenging in orthopaedic clinics, bone graft substitutes are commonly used for the majority of surgeons. It would be proposed in the current study that our bioactive scaffolds could additionally serve as a local delivery system for therapeutic small molecule agents capable of providing support to enhance biological bone repair. Methods In this study, composite scaffolds made of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) named by P/T was fabricated by a low-temperature rapid prototyping technique. For optimizing the scaffolds, the phytomolecule icaritin (ICT) was incorporated into P/T scaffolds called P/T/ICT. The osteogenic efficacies of the two groups of scaffolds were compared in a successfully established calvarial defect model in rats. Bone regeneration was evaluated by X-ray, micro-computerised tomography (micro-CT), and histology at weeks 4 and/or 8 post-implantation. In vitro induction of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis was established for identification of differentiation potentials evoked by icaritin in primary cultured precursor cells. Results The results of radiographies and decalcified histology demonstrated more area and volume fractions of newly formed bone within bone defect sites implanted with P/T/ICT scaffold than that with P/T scaffold. Undecalcified histological results presented more osteoid and mineralized bone tissues, and also more active bone remodeling in P/T/ICT group than that in P/T group. The results of histological staining in osteoclast-like cells and newly formed vessels indicated favorable biocompatibility, rapid bioresorption and more new vessel growth in P/T/ICT scaffolds in contrast to P/T scaffolds. Based on in vitro induction, the results presented that icaritin could significantly facilitate osteogenic differentiation, while suppressed adipogenic differentiation. Meanwhile, icaritin demonstrated remarkable inhibition of osteoclastogenic differentiation. Conclusion The finding that P/T/ICT composite scaffold can enhance bone regeneration in calvarial bone defects through facilitating effective bone formation and restraining excessive bone resorption. The translational potential of this article The osteogenic bioactivity of icaritin facilitated PLGA/TCP/icartin composite scaffold to exert significant bone regeneration in calvarial defects in rat model. It might form an optimized foundation for potential clinical validation in bone defects application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Sen Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ying-Ying Li
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ya-Ping Luo
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jian-Feng Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, PR China
| | - Yu-Xin Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Li-Zhen Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu-Xiao Lai
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Long Li
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Guo-Hui Fu
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Translational Medicine R&D Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Shi-Hui Chen
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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6
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Kitasato S, Tanaka T, Chazono M, Komaki H, Kakuta A, Inagaki N, Akiyama S, Marumo K. Local application of alendronate controls bone formation and β-tricalcium phosphate resorption induced by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 108:528-536. [PMID: 31702866 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the ability of local alendronate (ALN) administration to control β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) resorption as well as the induction of bone formation by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). A 15-mm critical-sized bone defect was created in the diaphysis of rabbit ulnae. Nine female rabbits (4 to 5 months-old) were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (n = 6 ulnae) animals received implants consisting of β-TCP granules and 25 μg of rhBMP-2 in 6.5% collagen gel. Group 2 (6 ulnae) and Group 3 (6 ulnae) animals received the same implants, but with 10-6 M and 10-3 M ALN-treated TCP granules, respectively. Two weeks postsurgery, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cell counts, new bone formation, and residual β-TCP were evaluated. This study showed that a high dose of ALN strongly reduced osteoclastic resorption of β-TCP induced by rhBMP-2, resulting in decreased bone formation. In contrast, a low dose of ALN slightly reduced the bone resorptive effect but increased bone formation. These results suggest that osteoclast-mediated resorption plays an important role in bone formation and a coupling-like phenomenon could occur in the β-TCP-implanted area, and that administration of a low dose of ALN may solve clinical bone resorptive problems induced by rhBMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiichiro Kitasato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NHO Utsunomiya National Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masaaki Chazono
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NHO Utsunomiya National Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Komaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Kakuta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Inagaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoshi Akiyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keishi Marumo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Qayoom I, Raina DB, Širka A, Tarasevičius Š, Tägil M, Kumar A, Lidgren L. Anabolic and antiresorptive actions of locally delivered bisphosphonates for bone repair: A review. Bone Joint Res 2018; 7:548-560. [PMID: 30464835 PMCID: PMC6215244 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.710.bjr-2018-0015.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, several research groups have used bisphosphonates for local application to counteract secondary bone resorption after bone grafting, to improve implant fixation or to control bone resorption caused by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). We focused on zoledronate (a bisphosphonate) due to its greater antiresorptive potential over other bisphosphonates. Recently, it has become obvious that the carrier is of importance to modulate the concentration and elution profile of the zoledronic acid locally. Incorporating one fifth of the recommended systemic dose of zoledronate with different apatite matrices and types of bone defects has been shown to enhance bone regeneration significantly in vivo. We expect the local delivery of zoledronate to overcome the limitations and side effects associated with systemic usage; however, we need to know more about the bioavailability and the biological effects. The local use of BMP-2 and zoledronate as a combination has a proven additional effect on bone regeneration. This review focuses primarily on the local use of zoledronate alone, or in combination with bone anabolic factors, in various preclinical models mimicking different orthopaedic conditions. Cite this article: I. Qayoom, D. B. Raina, A. Širka, Š. Tarasevičius, M. Tägil, A. Kumar, L. Lidgren. Anabolic and antiresorptive actions of locally delivered bisphosphonates for bone repair: A review. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:548–560. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.710.BJR-2018-0015.R2.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Qayoom
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - D B Raina
- Department of Orthopedics, The Medical Faculty, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Širka
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Š Tarasevičius
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - M Tägil
- Department of Orthopedics, The Medical Faculty, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering; Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering; Centre for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - L Lidgren
- Department of Orthopedics, The Medical Faculty, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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8
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Croes M, Kruyt MC, Groen WM, van Dorenmalen KMA, Dhert WJA, Öner FC, Alblas J. Interleukin 17 enhances bone morphogenetic protein-2-induced ectopic bone formation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7269. [PMID: 29740080 PMCID: PMC5940874 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25564-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 17 (IL-17) stimulates the osteogenic differentiation of progenitor cells in vitro through a synergy with bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2. This study investigates whether the diverse responses mediated by IL-17 in vivo also lead to enhanced BMP-2-induced bone formation. Since IL-17 is known to induce osteoclastogenesis, we studied the interactions between IL-17 and BMP-2 in ceramic scaffolds either or not carrying a coating with the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZOL). Histological evaluation revealed that IL-17 alone did not induce any osteoclasts at day 10. On the other hand, BMP-2 clearly stimulated early tissue ingrowth and osteoclastogenesis. Both of these processes were blocked in presence of ZOL. IL-17 signaling restored early vascularized connective tissue formation and osteoclastogenesis induced by BMP-2 in ZOL-coated scaffolds. After 12 weeks, the bone volume induced by co-delivery of BMP-2 and IL-17 was doubled as compared to that induced by BMP-2 alone. We conclude that IL-17 has osteo-stimulatory effects through a synergy with bone-inductive BMP-2. Although local and single application of IL-17 does not mediate osteoclast formation, it could promote other processes involved in bone formation such as connective tissue ingrowth. The use of IL-17 may contribute to the development of improved bone graft substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Croes
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M C Kruyt
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - W M Groen
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - K M A van Dorenmalen
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - W J A Dhert
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - F C Öner
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Alblas
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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9
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Okada E, Nakata H, Yamamoto M, Kasugai S, Kuroda S. Indirect osteoblast differentiation by liposomal clodronate. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:1127-1137. [PMID: 29063674 PMCID: PMC5783836 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates impair function of osteoclasts and prevent bone resorption, the mechanism of which has been studied extensively. However, the possible effects of bisphosphonates on chondroblast differentiation and calcium deposition by osteoblasts have only been demonstrated recently. Moreover, cells from monocytic lineage are capable of stimulating osteoblast proliferation. Hence, susceptibility of osteoblasts to various factors requires further investigation. A primary culture of bone marrow‐derived stromal cells was treated with liposomal clodronate (0.1, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/ml) or conditioned medium from liposomal clodronate. Liposomal clodronate (0.25 mg) was injected into mouse femur for in vivo experiments. The effects of liposomal clodronate were examined by alkaline phosphatase staining and/or activity assay, and real‐time RT‐PCR was used for studying the effect on osteogenic gene expression. Administration of liposomal clodronate to bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cell culture enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and mRNA levels of Runx2 and Dlx5. In addition, conditioned medium from liposomal clodronate also stimulated osteogenic characteristics similar to those of observed in vitro, and the number of exosomes in the conditioned medium was highest when pre‐treated with liposomal clodronate. Western blot analysis revealed the presence of RANK proteins in exosomes collected from conditioned medium of liposomal clodronate. Identical observations were obtained in vivo, as liposomal clodronate‐injected mouse femur showed increased alkaline phosphatase activity and Runx2 and Dlx5 mRNA expressions, even though the numbers of monocytes and macrophages were reduced. In conclusion, osteoblast differentiation was promoted via soluble RANK‐containing exosomes in response to clodronates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Okada
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidemi Nakata
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maiko Yamamoto
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Kasugai
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kuroda
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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