1
|
Cooper F, Souilhol C, Haston S, Gray S, Boswell K, Gogolou A, Frith TJR, Stavish D, James BM, Bose D, Kim Dale J, Tsakiridis A. Notch signalling influences cell fate decisions and HOX gene induction in axial progenitors. Development 2024; 151:dev202098. [PMID: 38223992 PMCID: PMC10911136 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The generation of the post-cranial embryonic body relies on the coordinated production of spinal cord neurectoderm and presomitic mesoderm cells from neuromesodermal progenitors (NMPs). This process is orchestrated by pro-neural and pro-mesodermal transcription factors that are co-expressed in NMPs together with Hox genes, which are essential for axial allocation of NMP derivatives. NMPs reside in a posterior growth region, which is marked by the expression of Wnt, FGF and Notch signalling components. Although the importance of Wnt and FGF in influencing the induction and differentiation of NMPs is well established, the precise role of Notch remains unclear. Here, we show that the Wnt/FGF-driven induction of NMPs from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) relies on Notch signalling. Using hESC-derived NMPs and chick embryo grafting, we demonstrate that Notch directs a pro-mesodermal character at the expense of neural fate. We show that Notch also contributes to activation of HOX gene expression in human NMPs, partly in a non-cell-autonomous manner. Finally, we provide evidence that Notch exerts its effects via the establishment of a negative-feedback loop with FGF signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fay Cooper
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Celine Souilhol
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Scott Haston
- Developmental Biology and Cancer, Birth Defects Research Centre, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Shona Gray
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Katy Boswell
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Antigoni Gogolou
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Thomas J. R. Frith
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Dylan Stavish
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Bethany M. James
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Daniel Bose
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jacqueline Kim Dale
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Anestis Tsakiridis
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Prudovsky I. Cellular Mechanisms of FGF-Stimulated Tissue Repair. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071830. [PMID: 34360000 PMCID: PMC8304273 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth factors belonging to the FGF family play important roles in tissue and organ repair after trauma. In this review, I discuss the regulation by FGFs of the aspects of cellular behavior important for reparative processes. In particular, I focus on the FGF-dependent regulation of cell proliferation, cell stemness, de-differentiation, inflammation, angiogenesis, cell senescence, cell death, and the production of proteases. In addition, I review the available literature on the enhancement of FGF expression and secretion in damaged tissues resulting in the increased FGF supply required for tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Prudovsky
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Dr., Scarborough, ME 04074, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fujii S, Yoshida S, Inagaki E, Hatou S, Tsubota K, Takahashi M, Shimmura S, Sugita S. Immunological Properties of Neural Crest Cells Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 28:28-43. [PMID: 30251915 PMCID: PMC6350061 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Collecting sufficient quantities of primary neural crest cells (NCCs) for experiments is difficult, as NCCs are embryonic transient tissue that basically does not proliferate. We successfully induced NCCs from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in accordance with a previously described method with some modifications. The protocol used in this study efficiently produced large amounts of iPSC-derived NCCs (iPSC-NCCs). Many researchers have recently produced large amounts of iPSC-NCCs and used these to examine the physiological properties, such as migratory activity, and the potential for medical uses such as wound healing. Immunological properties of NCCs are yet to be reported. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the immunological properties of human iPSC-NCCs. Our current study showed that iPSC-NCCs were hypoimmunogenic and had immunosuppressive properties in vitro. Expression of HLA class I molecules on iPSC-NCCs was lower than that observed for iPSCs, and there was no expression of HLA class II and costimulatory molecules on the cells. With regard to the immunosuppressive properties, iPSC-NCCs greatly inhibited T cell activation (cell proliferation and production of inflammatory cytokines) after stimulation. iPSC-NCCs constitutively expressed membrane-bound TGF-β, and TGF-β produced by iPSC-NCCs played a critical role in T cell suppression. Thus, cultured human NCCs can fully suppress T cell activation in vitro. This study may contribute to the realization of using stem cell-derived NCCs in cell-based medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shota Fujii
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,2 Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Satoru Yoshida
- 3 Department of Regenerative Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Emi Inagaki
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,4 Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,5 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin Hatou
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tsubota
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayo Takahashi
- 2 Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shigeto Shimmura
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sunao Sugita
- 2 Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sánchez-Maldonado B, Galicia MDL, Rojo C, González-Gil A, Flor-García M, Picazo RA. Spheroids Spontaneously Generated In Vitro from Sheep Ovarian Cortical Cells Contain Integrating Cells That Exhibit Hallmarks of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:1557-1576. [PMID: 30251912 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell spheroids are inducible or spontaneously generated cell aggregates produced in vitro that can provide a valuable model for developmental biology, stem cell biology, and cancer therapy research. This investigation aimed to define the cellular identity of spheroids spontaneously generated in vitro from sheep ovarian cortical cells cultured under specific serum-free conditions. Spheroids were characterized during 21 days of culture by morphometric evaluation, detection of alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity, gene expression analyses of stemness transcription factors and several lineage markers, immunolocalization analyses, as well as assessment of self-renewal and differentiation potential. Cell aggregation, evidenced from day 3 of culture onward, resulted in efficient generation of 65-75 spheroids for every 500,000 cells seeded. The spheroids reached maximum diameter (187 ± 15.9 μm) during the second week of culture and exhibited AP activity. Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog were expressed throughout the culture period, with upregulation of Sox2. Neural lineage specification genes (eg, nestin, vimentin, Pax6, and p75NTR) were expressed from day 10 onward at levels above that of Oct4, Nanog and those for endoderm [alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)], and mesoderm (brachyury) specification. Neural stem cell (NSC)/neural progenitor cell (NPC) markers, nestin, Pax6, p75NTR, and vimentin, were extensively localized in cells on day 10, 15 (44.75% ± 5.84%; 93.54% ± 1.35%; 78.90% ± 4.80%; 73.82% ± 3.40%, respectively), and 21 (49.98% ± 5.30%; 91.84% ± 1.9%; 76.74% ± 11.0%; 95.80% ± 3.60%, respectively). Spheroid cell self-renewal was evidenced by cell proliferation and the generation of new spheroids during two consecutive expansion periods. Culture of spheroid cells under differentiation conditions gave rise to cells showing immunolocalization of the neuron-specific antigen NeuN and the astroglial antigen GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein). Our results indicate that spheroids spontaneously generated in this culture system were comprised of cells with molecular characteristics of NSC/NPC that can self-renew and differentiate into neurons and glia, supporting the identity of spheroids as neurospheres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Belén Sánchez-Maldonado
- 1 Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Madrid, España
| | - María de Lourdes Galicia
- 2 Sección Departamental de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Madrid, España
| | - Concepción Rojo
- 3 Sección Departamental de Anatomía y Embriología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Madrid, España
| | - Alfredo González-Gil
- 2 Sección Departamental de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Madrid, España
| | - Miguel Flor-García
- 4 Departamento de Neuropatología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), CSIC-UAM , Madrid, España.,5 Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid, España
| | - Rosa A Picazo
- 2 Sección Departamental de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , Madrid, España
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rogers CD, Nie S. Specifying neural crest cells: From chromatin to morphogens and factors in between. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2018; 7:e322. [PMID: 29722151 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neural crest (NC) cells are a stem-like multipotent population of progenitor cells that are present in vertebrate embryos, traveling to various regions in the developing organism. Known as the "fourth germ layer," these cells originate in the ectoderm between the neural plate (NP), which will become the brain and spinal cord, and nonneural tissues that will become the skin and the sensory organs. NC cells can differentiate into more than 30 different derivatives in response to the appropriate signals including, but not limited to, craniofacial bone and cartilage, sensory nerves and ganglia, pigment cells, and connective tissue. The molecular and cellular mechanisms that control the induction and specification of NC cells include epigenetic control, multiple interactive and redundant transcriptional pathways, secreted signaling molecules, and adhesion molecules. NC cells are important not only because they transform into a wide variety of tissue types, but also because their ability to detach from their epithelial neighbors and migrate throughout developing embryos utilizes mechanisms similar to those used by metastatic cancer cells. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms required for the induction and specification of NC cells in various vertebrate species, focusing on the roles of early morphogenesis, cell adhesion, signaling from adjacent tissues, and the massive transcriptional network that controls the formation of these amazing cells. This article is categorized under: Nervous System Development > Vertebrates: General Principles Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies > Regulatory Mechanisms Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies > Gene Networks and Genomics Signaling Pathways > Cell Fate Signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Crystal D Rogers
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Mathematics, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California
| | - Shuyi Nie
- School of Biological Sciences and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
During vertebrate embryonic development, the spinal cord is formed by the neural derivatives of a neuromesodermal population that is specified at early stages of development and which develops in concert with the caudal regression of the primitive streak. Several processes related to spinal cord specification and maturation are coupled to this caudal extension including neurogenesis, ventral patterning and neural crest specification and all of them seem to be crucially regulated by Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) signaling, which is prominently active in the neuromesodermal region and transiently in its derivatives. Here we review the role of FGF signaling in those processes, trying to separate its different functions and highlighting the interactions with other signaling pathways. Finally, these early functions of FGF signaling in spinal cord development may underlay partly its ability to promote regeneration in the lesioned spinal cord as well as its action promoting specific fates in neural stem cell cultures that may be used for therapeutical purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Diez Del Corral
- Department of Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMadrid, Spain.,Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the UnknownLisbon, Portugal
| | - Aixa V Morales
- Department of Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMadrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gazarian KG, Ramírez-García LR. Human Deciduous Teeth Stem Cells (SHED) Display Neural Crest Signature Characters. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170321. [PMID: 28125654 PMCID: PMC5268458 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human dental tissues are sources of neural crest origin multipotent stem cells whose regenerative potential is a focus of extensive studies. Rational programming of clinical applications requires a more detailed knowledge of the characters inherited from neural crest. Investigation of neural crest cells generated from human pluripotent stem cells provided opportunity for their comparison with the postnatal dental cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the culture conditions in the expression by dental cells of neural crest characters. The results of the study demonstrate that specific neural crest cells requirements, serum-free, active WNT signaling and inactive SMAD 2/3, are needed for the activity of the neural crest characters in dental cells. Specifically, the decreasing concentration of fetal bovine serum (FBS) from regularly used for dental cells 10% to 2% and below, or using serum-free medium, led to emergence of a subset of epithelial-like cells expressing the two key neural crest markers, p75 and HNK-1. Further, the serum-free medium supplemented with neural crest signaling requirements (WNT inducer BIO and TGF-β inhibitor REPSOX), induced epithelial-like phenotype, upregulated the p75, Sox10 and E-Cadherin and downregulated the mesenchymal genes (SNAIL1, ZEB1, TWIST). An expansion medium containing 2% FBS allowed to obtain an epithelial/mesenchymal SHED population showing high proliferation, clonogenic, multi-lineage differentiation capacities. Future experiments will be required to determine the effects of these features on regenerative potential of this novel SHED population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karlen G. Gazarian
- Department of Medicine Genomics and Environmental Toxicity, Institute of Biomedical Research, Mexican National Autonomous University, Mexico City, University Campus, Mexico
- * E-mail:
| | - Luis R. Ramírez-García
- Department of Medicine Genomics and Environmental Toxicity, Institute of Biomedical Research, Mexican National Autonomous University, Mexico City, University Campus, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|