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Zeng Y, Zeng D, Qi X, Wang H, Wang X, Dai X, Qu L. FHL1: A novel diagnostic marker for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Pathol Int 2024; 74:520-529. [PMID: 39119938 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Although there are clear morphologic criteria for the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), when the morphology is untypical or overlaps, accurate diagnostic indicators are necessary. Since few studies investigated the role of down-regulated genes in PTC, this article aims to further explore the molecular markers associated with PTC. We conducted bioinformatics analysis of gene microarrays of PTC and normal adjacent tissues. Besides, quantitative real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction array and immunohistochemical staining were used to investigate the expression of the major down-regulated genes. The results indicated that several important down-regulated genes, including TLE1, BCL2, FHL1, GHR, KIT, and PPARGC1A were involved in the process of PTC. Compared to normal adjacent tissues, the mRNA expression of the major genes was down-regulated in PTC (p<0.05). Immunohistochemically, FHL1 shows negative or low expression in PTC tissues (p<0.05). BCL2 did not show a significant difference between PTC and normal thyroid tissues (p > 0.05). TLE1, KIT, PPARGC1A and GHR showed negative expression in both tumor and normal tissues. These results suggested that FHL1 could serve as a novel tumor marker for precise diagnosis of PTC.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology
- Thyroid Neoplasms/metabolism
- Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/diagnosis
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/pathology
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/metabolism
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/genetics
- LIM Domain Proteins/metabolism
- LIM Domain Proteins/genetics
- Male
- Female
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Proteins/metabolism
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Middle Aged
- Adult
- Aged
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Immunohistochemistry
- Carcinoma, Papillary/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology
- Carcinoma, Papillary/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeting Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Joint Logistic Support Force 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dehua Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Joint Logistic Support Force 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xingfeng Qi
- Department of Pathology, Joint Logistic Support Force 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hanxi Wang
- Department of clinical pathology, Medical Research Center, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuzhou Wang
- Department of Pathology, Joint Logistic Support Force 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Dai
- Department of Pathology, Joint Logistic Support Force 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Qu
- Department of Pathology, Joint Logistic Support Force 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Run L, Wang L, Nong X, Li N, Huang X, Xiao Y. Involvement of HMGB1 in vemurafenib resistance in thyroid cancer cells harboring BRAF (V600E) mutation by regulating excessive autophagy. Endocrine 2021; 71:418-426. [PMID: 32666385 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent endocrine malignancy with high occurrence of BRAFV600E mutations. Though targeted therapy by vemurafenib, a specific inhibitor for BRAFV600E, has achieved great advance in therapeutic landscape, resistance occurrence is still a clinical challenge. Here, we sought to elucidate the function of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in vemurafenib resistance in thyroid cancer harboring BRAF mutation. METHODS The expression of HMGB1 in BRAF-mutant BCPAP and BRAF-wild CAL-62 cells were determined by qRT-PCR and western. Then, BCPAP cells were transfected with recombinant HMGB1 plasmids, and vemurafenib-resistant BCPAP-R cells were treated with si-HMGB1. The efficacy of HMGB1 on vemurafenib resistance was evaluated by detecting cell viability, apoptosis, and caspase-3 activity. In addition, the involvement of autophagy pathway was investigated. RESULTS Lower expression of HMGB1 was observed in BRAF-mutant BCPAP cells that had high sensitivity to vemurafenib. Overexpression of HMGB1 attenuated BCPAP cell sensitivity to vemurafenib by increasing cell viability and decreasing cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activity. Intriguingly, higher expression of HMGB1 was confirmed in vemurafenib-resistant BCPAP-R cells. Moreover, knockdown of HMGB1 sensitized BCPAP-R cells to vemurafenib resistance. Mechanistically, vemurafenib exposure induced autophagy by enhancing LC3II, Beclin-1 expression, and reducing autophagy substrate p62 expression. Importantly, targeting HMGB1 suppressed vemurafenib-induced autophagy. Blocking autophagy pathway with its inhibitor 3-MA offset BCPAP-R cell resistance to vemurafenib. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight that HMGB1-mediated autophagy may account for vemurafenib resistance in thyroid cancer harboring BRAF mutation, implying a promising approach to overcome vemurafenib resistance in vemurafenib-mutant thyroid carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Run
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shannxi, PR China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shannxi, PR China
| | - Xiting Nong
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shannxi, PR China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shannxi, PR China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shannxi, PR China.
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, 710003, Shannxi, PR China.
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Lin Y, Jiang J. Long non-coding RNA LINC00704 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma via miR-204-5p/HMGB1 axis. Open Life Sci 2020; 15:561-571. [PMID: 33817244 PMCID: PMC7874538 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a common malignancy worldwide. LncRNA LINC00704 (mitotically associated long non-coding RNA) was reported as a crucial regulator in PTC. However, the biological mechanism of LINC00704 action remains unclear in PTC. The mRNA levels of LINC00704, miR-204-5p, and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) were measured by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. HMGB1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and cyclin D1 protein levels were detected using the Western blot assay. The binding relationship between miR-204-5p and LINC00704 or HMGB1 was predicted by LncBase Predicted v.2 or TargetScan, respectively, and then validated by dual luciferase reporter assay. Cell viability, cell cycle, cell migration and invasion, and migration ratio were assessed by MTT, flow cytometry, transwell cell migration and invasion, and wound-healing assays, respectively. Results suggested that LINC00704 and HMGB1 were elevated and miR-204-5p decreased in PTC tissues and cells. Furthermore, rescue experiments demonstrated that the miR-204-5p inhibitor alleviated the inhibitory effects of LINC00704 knockdown on cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion. Meanwhile, miR-204-5p overexpression repressed proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting HMGB1. Mechanical analysis discovered that LINC00704 could act as an miR-204-5p sponge to modulate HMGB1 expression. In conclusion, LINC00704 promoted PTC cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion by the miR-204-5p/HMGB1 axis, providing a novel therapeutic target for PTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Chongfu Building D-202, Dongjie, Quanzhou City 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Jianjia Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Chongfu Building D-202, Dongjie, Quanzhou City 362000, Fujian, China
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Ma H, Wang R, Fang J, Zhong Q, Chen X, Hou L, Feng L, Chen X, Huang Z, Zhao H. A meta-analysis evaluating the relationship between B-type Raf kinase mutation and cervical lymphatic metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18917. [PMID: 32000400 PMCID: PMC7004699 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND B-type Raf kinase (BRAF) mutation is proved to be a critical predictive factor in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) with aggressive characteristics. However, the association between BRAF mutation and cervical lymphatic metastasis in PTC is controversial. METHODS We searched papers on the study of BRAF mutation and cervical lymphatic metastasis in PTC patients through PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochranelibrary. The BRAF (+) cases, BRAF (-) cases, and cervical lymphphatic metastatic cases in both BRAF (+) and BRAF (-) groups were collected. After Quality assessment, statistical Analysis (funnel plot and Harbord evaluation, Random-effect model, heterogeneity, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and metacum analysis) were done by the Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 and stata14 statistical software. RESULTS There were 78 cross-section studies which met our inclusion criteria. And all of them had no selection bias, publication bias, or any other bias. A significant association existed between BRAF mutation and cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44-1.84; P < .05). Overall, 46 studies were conducted among East Asians. Twenty four articles had provided the data of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM), 11 articles with the data of lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM), and classic/conventional PTC (CPTC) was analyzed in 10 studies. Subgroup analyses were performed based on ethnicity, metastatic site, and subtype of PTC. Significant association between BRAF (+) mutation and cervical LNM were indicated in East Asians (OR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.49-2.02; P < .05), in non-East Asians (OR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.26-1.96; P < .05), and in CLNM (OR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.56-2.07; P < .05). While no significant association was found in LLNM (OR = 1.37; 95% CI: 0.76-2.48; P = .29 > .05) and in CPTC (OR = 1.32; 95% CI: 0.97-1.80; P = .08 > .05). We did not find any other major changes when sensitivity analysis was performed. The metacum analysis showed no significant association existed before 2012. While a significant association began to exist between BRAF mutation and LNM from 2012, and this association became stable from 2017. CONCLUSIONS We consider that a significant association exists between BRAF mutation and cervical LNM. Further meta-analysis on subgroup may reveal some valuable factors between BRAF gene mutation and LNM. And we do not recommend that BRAF (+) as the biomarker for LNM in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thyroid Center, Beijing Tong Ren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thyroid Center, Beijing Tong Ren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Jugao Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thyroid Center, Beijing Tong Ren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thyroid Center, Beijing Tong Ren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thyroid Center, Beijing Tong Ren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Lizhen Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thyroid Center, Beijing Tong Ren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Ling Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thyroid Center, Beijing Tong Ren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thyroid Center, Beijing Tong Ren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Zhigang Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thyroid Center, Beijing Tong Ren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Huanhu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, China
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