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Wang X, Chen Y, Cheng X, Wang SQ, Hu Y, Feng Y, Jin R, Zhou K, Liu T, Wang J, Pan K, Liu B, Xiang J, Wang Y, Zhou Q, Zhang Y, Pan W, Li W. CDetection.v2: One-pot assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1158163. [PMID: 37032875 PMCID: PMC10076661 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1158163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The ongoing 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants, is a global public health threat. Early diagnosis and identification of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants plays a critical role in COVID-19 prevention and control. Currently, the most widely used technique to detect SARS-CoV-2 is quantitative reverse transcription real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), which takes nearly 1 hour and should be performed by experienced personnel to ensure the accuracy of results. Therefore, the development of a nucleic acid detection kit with higher sensitivity, faster detection and greater accuracy is important. Methods Here, we optimized the system components and reaction conditions of our previous detection approach by using RT-RAA and Cas12b. Results We developed a Cas12b-assisted one-pot detection platform (CDetection.v2) that allows rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in 30 minutes. This platform was able to detect up to 5,000 copies/ml of SARS-CoV-2 without cross-reactivity with other viruses. Moreover, the sensitivity of this CRISPR system was comparable to that of RT-qPCR when tested on 120 clinical samples. Discussion The CDetection.v2 provides a novel one-pot detection approach based on the integration of RT-RAA and CRISPR/Cas12b for detecting SARS-CoV-2 and screening of large-scale clinical samples, offering a more efficient strategy for detecting various types of viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yangcan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejia Cheng
- Beijing SynsorBio Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Si-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingmei Feng
- Department of Science and Technology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ronghua Jin
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kangping Zhou
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Ti Liu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Jianxing Wang
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Kai Pan
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Tonghua Central Hospital, Tonghua, Jilin, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Tongji Medical College of Huazhang, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weiye Pan
- Beijing SynsorBio Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- Weiye Pan,
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Li,
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Binding partners regulate unfolding of myosin VI to activate the molecular motor. Biochem J 2022; 479:1409-1428. [PMID: 35722941 PMCID: PMC9342898 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Myosin VI is the only minus-end actin motor and it is coupled to various cellular processes ranging from endocytosis to transcription. This multi-potent nature is achieved through alternative isoform splicing and interactions with a network of binding partners. There is a complex interplay between isoforms and binding partners to regulate myosin VI. Here, we have compared the regulation of two myosin VI splice isoforms by two different binding partners. By combining biochemical and single-molecule approaches, we propose that myosin VI regulation follows a generic mechanism, independently of the spliced isoform and the binding partner involved. We describe how myosin VI adopts an autoinhibited backfolded state which is released by binding partners. This unfolding activates the motor, enhances actin binding and can subsequently trigger dimerization. We have further expanded our study by using single-molecule imaging to investigate the impact of binding partners upon myosin VI molecular organization and dynamics.
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Hari-Gupta Y, Fili N, dos Santos Á, Cook AW, Gough RE, Reed HCW, Wang L, Aaron J, Venit T, Wait E, Grosse-Berkenbusch A, Gebhardt JCM, Percipalle P, Chew TL, Martin-Fernandez M, Toseland CP. Myosin VI regulates the spatial organisation of mammalian transcription initiation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1346. [PMID: 35292632 PMCID: PMC8924246 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28962-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During transcription, RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) is spatially organised within the nucleus into clusters that correlate with transcription activity. While this is a hallmark of genome regulation in mammalian cells, the mechanisms concerning the assembly, organisation and stability remain unknown. Here, we have used combination of single molecule imaging and genomic approaches to explore the role of nuclear myosin VI (MVI) in the nanoscale organisation of RNAPII. We reveal that MVI in the nucleus acts as the molecular anchor that holds RNAPII in high density clusters. Perturbation of MVI leads to the disruption of RNAPII localisation, chromatin organisation and subsequently a decrease in gene expression. Overall, we uncover the fundamental role of MVI in the spatial regulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukti Hari-Gupta
- grid.9759.20000 0001 2232 2818School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Present Address: MRC LMCB, University College London, London, UK
| | - Natalia Fili
- grid.11835.3e0000 0004 1936 9262Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK ,grid.36511.300000 0004 0420 4262Present Address: School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
| | - Ália dos Santos
- grid.11835.3e0000 0004 1936 9262Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alexander W. Cook
- grid.11835.3e0000 0004 1936 9262Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Rosemarie E. Gough
- grid.11835.3e0000 0004 1936 9262Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hannah C. W. Reed
- grid.9759.20000 0001 2232 2818School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Lin Wang
- grid.76978.370000 0001 2296 6998Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, Oxford, UK
| | - Jesse Aaron
- grid.443970.dAdvanced Imaging Center, HHMI Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA USA
| | - Tomas Venit
- grid.440573.10000 0004 1755 5934Science Division, Biology Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eric Wait
- grid.443970.dAdvanced Imaging Center, HHMI Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA USA
| | | | | | - Piergiorgio Percipalle
- grid.440573.10000 0004 1755 5934Science Division, Biology Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates ,grid.10548.380000 0004 1936 9377Department of Molecular Bioscience, The Wenner Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE Sweden
| | - Teng-Leong Chew
- grid.443970.dAdvanced Imaging Center, HHMI Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA USA
| | - Marisa Martin-Fernandez
- grid.76978.370000 0001 2296 6998Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher P. Toseland
- grid.11835.3e0000 0004 1936 9262Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Cook AW, Toseland CP. The roles of nuclear myosin in the DNA damage response. J Biochem 2021; 169:265-271. [PMID: 33035317 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myosin within the nucleus has often been overlooked due to their importance in cytoplasmic processes and a lack of investigation. However, more recently, it has been shown that their nuclear roles are just as fundamental to cell function and survival with roles in transcription, DNA damage and viral replication. Myosins can act as molecular transporters and anchors that rely on their actin binding and ATPase capabilities. Their roles within the DNA damage response can varies from a transcriptional response, moving chromatin and stabilizing chromosome contacts. This review aims to highlight their key roles in the DNA damage response and how they impact nuclear organization and transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W Cook
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
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Dos Santos Á, Fili N, Pearson DS, Hari-Gupta Y, Toseland CP. High-throughput mechanobiology: Force modulation of ensemble biochemical and cell-based assays. Biophys J 2021; 120:631-641. [PMID: 33453266 PMCID: PMC7896026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanobiology is focused on how the physical forces and mechanical properties of proteins, cells, and tissues contribute to physiology and disease. Although the response of proteins and cells to mechanical stimuli is critical for function, the tools to probe these activities are typically restricted to single-molecule manipulations. Here, we have developed a novel microplate reader assay to encompass mechanical measurements with ensemble biochemical and cellular assays, using a microplate lid modified with magnets. This configuration enables multiple static magnetic tweezers to function simultaneously across the microplate, thereby greatly increasing throughput. We demonstrate the broad applicability and versatility through in vitro and in cellulo approaches. Overall, our methodology allows, for the first time (to our knowledge), ensemble biochemical and cell-based assays to be performed under force in high-throughput format. This approach substantially increases the availability of mechanobiology measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ália Dos Santos
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Fili
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - David S Pearson
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Yukti Hari-Gupta
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher P Toseland
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
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Cook AW, Gough RE, Toseland CP. Nuclear myosins - roles for molecular transporters and anchors. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/11/jcs242420. [PMID: 32499319 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.242420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The myosin family of molecular motors are well-characterised cytoskeletal proteins. However, myosins are also present in the nucleus, where they have been shown to have roles in transcription, DNA repair and viral infections. Despite their involvement in these fundamental cellular processes, our understanding of these functions and their regulation remains limited. Recently, research on nuclear myosins has been gathering pace, and this Review will evaluate the current state of the field. Here, we will focus on the variation in structure of nuclear myosins, their nuclear import and their roles within transcription, DNA damage, chromatin organisation and viral infections. We will also consider both the biochemical and biophysical properties and restraints that are placed on these multifunctional motors, and how they link to their cytoplasmic counterparts. By highlighting these properties and processes, we show just how integral nuclear myosins are for cellular survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W Cook
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Rosemarie E Gough
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
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Fili N, Hari-Gupta Y, Aston B, Dos Santos Á, Gough RE, Alamad B, Wang L, Martin-Fernandez ML, Toseland CP. Competition between two high- and low-affinity protein-binding sites in myosin VI controls its cellular function. J Biol Chem 2019; 295:337-347. [PMID: 31744880 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Myosin VI is involved in many cellular processes ranging from endocytosis to transcription. This multifunctional potential is achieved through alternative isoform splicing and through interactions of myosin VI with a diverse network of binding partners. However, the interplay between these two modes of regulation remains unexplored. To this end, we compared two different binding partners and their interactions with myosin VI by exploring the kinetic properties of recombinant proteins and their distribution in mammalian cells using fluorescence imaging. We found that selectivity for these binding partners is achieved through a high-affinity motif and a low-affinity motif within myosin VI. These two motifs allow competition among partners for myosin VI. Exploring how this competition affects the activity of nuclear myosin VI, we demonstrate the impact of a concentration-driven interaction with the low-affinity binding partner DAB2, finding that this interaction blocks the ability of nuclear myosin VI to bind DNA and its transcriptional activity in vitro We conclude that loss of DAB2, a tumor suppressor, may enhance myosin VI-mediated transcription. We propose that the frequent loss of specific myosin VI partner proteins during the onset of cancer leads to a higher level of nuclear myosin VI activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Fili
- Sheffield Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Yukti Hari-Gupta
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NZ, United Kingdom
| | - Bjork Aston
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ália Dos Santos
- Sheffield Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemarie E Gough
- Sheffield Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Bana Alamad
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NZ, United Kingdom
| | - Lin Wang
- Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Marisa L Martin-Fernandez
- Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, Oxford OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher P Toseland
- Sheffield Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom.
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