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Lei X, Xu Z, Huang Y, Huang L, Lang J, Qu M, Liu D. Regulation of Mitochondrial Quality Control of Intestinal Stem Cells in Homeostasis and Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 39225500 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Significance: Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are crucial for the continuous renewal and regeneration of the small intestinal epithelium. ISC fate decisions are strictly controlled by metabolism. Mitochondria act as the central hubs of energetic metabolism and dynamically remodel their morphology to perform required metabolic functions. Mitochondrial dysfunction is closely associated with a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. Recent Advances: In recent years, several studies have reported that mitochondria are potential therapeutic targets for regulating ISC function to alleviate intestinal diseases. However, how mitochondrial quality control mediates ISCs under physiological conditions and protects against intestinal injury remains to be comprehensively reviewed. Critical Issues: In this review, we summarize the available studies about how mitochondrial metabolism, redox state, dynamics, autophagy, and proteostasis impact ISC proliferation, differentiation, and regeneration, respectively. Future Directions: We propose that remodeling the function of mitochondria in ISCs may be a promising potential future direction for the treatment of intestinal diseases. This review may provide new strategies for therapeutically targeting the mitochondria of ISCs in intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudan Lei
- Department of Experimental Research, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenni Xu
- Department of Experimental Research, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujun Huang
- Department of Experimental Research, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingxiao Huang
- Department of Experimental Research, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinyi Lang
- Department of Experimental Research, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyue Qu
- The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Dengqun Liu
- Department of Experimental Research, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Liu Y, Huang N, Qiao X, Gu Z, Wu Y, Li J, Wu C, Li B, Li L. Knockdown of PGC1α suppresses dysplastic oral keratinocytes proliferation through reprogramming energy metabolism. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:37. [PMID: 37661238 PMCID: PMC10475463 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00242-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are precursors of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Deregulated cellular energy metabolism is a critical hallmark of cancer cells. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC1α) plays vital role in mitochondrial energy metabolism. However, the molecular mechanism of PGC1α on OPMDs progression is less unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of knockdown PGC1α on human dysplastic oral keratinocytes (DOKs) comprehensively, including cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, xenograft tumor, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes (ETC), reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxygen consumption rate (OCR), extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), and glucose uptake. We found that knockdown PGC1α significantly inhibited the proliferation of DOKs in vitro and tumor growth in vivo, induced S-phase arrest, and suppressed PI3K/Akt signaling pathway without affecting cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, downregulated of PGC1α decreased mtDNA, ETC, and OCR, while enhancing ROS, glucose uptake, ECAR, and glycolysis by regulating lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA). Moreover, SR18292 (an inhibitor of PGC1α) induced oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction of DOKs and declined DOK xenograft tumor progression. Thus, our work suggests that PGC1α plays a crucial role in cell proliferation by reprograming energy metabolism and interfering with energy metabolism, acting as a potential therapeutic target for OPMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nengwen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianghe Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyu Gu
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yongzhi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengzhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Longjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Rodrigues LLV, Moura YBF, Viana JVDS, de Oliveira LRM, Praxedes ÉA, Vieira JDB, Sales SLA, Silva HVR, Luciano MCDS, Pessoa C, Pereira AF. Full confluency, serum starvation, and roscovitine for inducing arrest in the G 0/G 1 phase of the cell cycle in puma skin-derived fibroblast lines. Anim Reprod 2023; 20:e20230017. [PMID: 37101424 PMCID: PMC10124155 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2023-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The puma population is constantly decreasing, and cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer can be used to conserve the species. One of the factors determining the success of the development of cloned embryos is the cell cycle stage of the donor cells. We evaluated the effects of full confluency (~100%), serum starvation (0.5% serum), and roscovitine (15 µM) treatments on the cell cycle synchronization in G0/G1 of puma skin-derived fibroblasts by flow cytometric analysis. Also, we assessed the effects of these synchronization methods on morphology, viability, and apoptosis levels using microscopy tools. The results showed that culturing the cells to confluence for 24 h (84.0%), 48 h (84.6%), and 72 h (84.2%) and serum starvation for 96 h (85.4%) yielded a significantly higher percentage of cells arrested in the G0/G1 (P 0.05) phase than cells not subjected to any cell cycle synchronization method (73.9%). Nevertheless, while serum starvation reduced the percentage of viable cells, no difference was observed for the full confluence and roscovitine treatments (P 0.05). Moreover, roscovitine for 12 h (78.6%) and 24 h (82.1%) was unable to synchronize cells in G0/G1 (P 0.05). In summary, full confluency induces puma fibroblast cell cycle synchronization at the G0/G1 stage without affecting cell viability. These outcomes may be valuable for planning donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer in pumas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Érika Almeida Praxedes
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
| | - José de Brito Vieira
- Laboratório de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Claudia Pessoa
- Laboratório de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - Alexsandra Fernandes Pereira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
- Corresponding author:
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Hamuro J, Asada K, Ueno M, Yamashita T, Mukai A, Fujita T, Ito E, Hiramoto N, Toda M, Sotozono C, Kinoshita S. Repressed miR-34a Expression Dictates the Cell Fate to Corneal Endothelium Failure. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:22. [PMID: 35475886 PMCID: PMC9055560 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.4.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To reveal the mechanism triggering the functional disparity between degenerated and non-degenerated corneal endothelium cells in the water efflux from corneal stroma to the anterior chamber. Methods The varied levels of the microRNA (miR)-34, miR-378, and miR-146 family in human corneal endothelium and cultured cells thereof were investigated using 3D-Gene Human miRNA Oligo Chips. Concomitantly, CD44, p53, c-Myc, matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-2 expression, and Ras homolog gene family member A (Rho A) activity was correlated to the expression intensities of these microRNAs, partly complemented with their altered expression levels with the transfection of the corresponding mimics and inhibitors. The levels of miRs were further associated with intracellular pH (pHi) and mitochondrial energy homeostasis. Results P53-inducible miR-34a/b repressed CD44 expression, and CD44 was repressed with the elevated c-Myc. The repressed miR-34a activated the CD44 downstream factors Rho A and MMP-2. MiR-34a mimics downregulated pHi, inducing the skewing of mitochondrial respiration to oxidative phosphorylation. The oxidative stress (H2O2) induced on human corneal endothelial cells, which repressed miR-34a/b expression, may account for the impaired signaling cascade to mitochondrial metabolic homeostasis necessary for an efficient water efflux from the corneal stroma. Conclusions The upregulated expression of CD44, through repressed miR-34a/b by reactive oxygen species and elevated c-Myc by oxidative stress, may impair mitochondrial metabolic homeostasis, leading to human corneal endothelial failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Hamuro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuko Asada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Morio Ueno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamashita
- Department of Frontier Medical Science and Technology for Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Mukai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Fujita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiko Ito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nao Hiramoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Munetoyo Toda
- Department of Frontier Medical Science and Technology for Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chie Sotozono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kinoshita
- Department of Frontier Medical Science and Technology for Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Effects of Incubation Time and Method of Cell Cycle Synchronization on Collared Peccary Skin-Derived Fibroblast Cell Lines. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2020-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The success of cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer depends on the efficiency of nuclear reprogramming, with the cycle stage of the donor cell playing a crucial role. Therefore, the aim was to evaluate three different approaches for cell cycle synchronization: (i) serum starvation (SS) for 1 to 4 days, (ii) contact inhibition (CI) for 1 to 3 days, and (iii) using cell cycle regulatory inhibitors (dimethyl sulfoxide, cycloheximide, cytochalasin B, or 6-dimethylaminopurine) for 1 and 2 days, in terms of their effects on synchronization in G0/G1 phases and viability of collared peccary skin fibroblasts. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that SS for 4 days (79.0% ± 1.6) and CI for 3 days (78.0% ± 1.4) increased the percentage of fibroblasts in G0/G1 compared to growing cells GC (68.1% ± 8.6). However, SS for 3 and 4 days reduced the viability evaluated by differential staining (81.4% ± 0.03 and 81.6% ± 0.06) compared to growing cells (GC, 95.9% ± 0.06). CI did not affect the viability at any of the analyzed time intervals. No cell cycle inhibitors promoted synchronization in G0/G1. These results indicate that CI for 3 days was the most efficient method for cell cycle synchronization in peccary fibroblasts.
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El Shaffei I, Abdel-Latif GA, Farag DB, Schaalan M, Salama RM. Ameliorative effect of betanin on experimental cisplatin-induced liver injury; the novel impact of miRNA-34a on the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:1-14. [PMID: 33661552 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer agent, cisplatin (CIS), is associated with hepatotoxic effects related to activation of oxidative stress and inflammation pathways. CIS-induced oxidative DNA damage reduces sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activity, which in turn, modulates the activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α). Moreover, microRNA-34a (miRNA-34a) was shown to hinder both SIRT1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity. Thus, targeting such a pathway can alleviate CIS-induced hepatotoxicity. Betanin (BET) is a natural red glycoside food dye obtained from beets, which is reported to exhibit antioxidant function. However, its role in CIS-induced liver injury and the molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of BET on CIS-induced acute hepatotoxicity through the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway and illustrate the impact of miRNA-34a. Seventy-two rats were divided into six equal groups: (1) Control, (2) BET, (3) CIS, (4) CIS/BET, (5) CIS/EX527, and (6) CIS/BET/EX527. CIS-induced liver injury was evidenced by deregulated BAX and BCL2 levels, decreased levels of AMP-activated protein kinase and PGC-1α expression, and decreased SIRT1 activity. Consequently, reduced levels of Nrf2 and the expression of associated heme oxygenase-1 and glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit were observed. Intriguingly, BET succeeded in reducing the CIS-induced liver injury through reducing miRNA-34a expression and enhancing the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway. These findings coincide with the molecular docking results and the histopathological picture. In conclusion, the current research provided novel findings of the BET ameliorative effect on CIS-induced liver injury through modulating miRNA-34a expression and the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail El Shaffei
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Abdel-Latif
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa B Farag
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Schaalan
- Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Translational and Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M Salama
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt
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D'Souza LC, Mishra S, Chakraborty A, Shekher A, Sharma A, Gupta SC. Oxidative Stress and Cancer Development: Are Noncoding RNAs the Missing Links? Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1209-1229. [PMID: 31891666 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Significance: It is now clear that genetic changes underlie the basis of cancer, and alterations in functions of multiple genes are responsible for the process of tumorigenesis. Besides the classical genes that are usually implicated in cancer, the role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as independent entitites has also been investigated. Recent Advances: The microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), two main classes of ncRNAs, are known to regulate many aspects of tumor development. ROS, generated during oxidative stress and pathological conditions, are known to regulate every step of tumor development. Conversely, oxidative stress and ROS producing agents can suppress tumor development. The malignant cells normally produce high levels of ROS compared with normal cells. The interaction between ROS and ncRNAs regulates the expression of multiple genes and pathways implicated in cancer, suggesting a unique mechanistic relationship among ncRNA-ROS-cancer. The mechanistic relationship has been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma, glioma, and malignancies of blood, breast, colorectum, esophagus, kidney, lung, mouth, ovary, pancreas, prostate, and stomach. The ncRNA-ROS regulate several cancer-related cell signaling pathways, namely, protein kinase B (AKT), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), p53, phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), and wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β). Critical Issues: To date, most of the reports about ncRNA-oxidative stress-carcinogenesis relationships are based on cell lines. The mechanistic basis for this relationship has not been completely elucidated. Future Directions: Attempts should be made to explore the association of lncRNAs with ROS. The significance of the ncRNA-oxidative stress-carcinogenesis interplay should also be explored through studies in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Clinton D'Souza
- Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Shruti Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Anirban Chakraborty
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Cancer, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Anusmita Shekher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Anurag Sharma
- Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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