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Chang Y, Wu S, Li J, Bao H, Wu C. Identification of Candidate Genes for Red-Eyed (Albinism) Domestic Guppies Using Genomic and Transcriptomic Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2175. [PMID: 38396851 PMCID: PMC10888696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Guppies are small tropical fish with brightly colored bodies and variable tail shapes. There are two phenotypes of domestic guppy eye color: red and black. The wild type is black-eyed. The main object of this study was to identify candidate genes for the red-eyed phenotype in domestic guppies. We hope to provide molecular genetic information for the development of new domestic guppy strains. Additionally, the results also contribute to basic research concerning guppies. In this study, 121 domestic guppies were used for genomic analysis (GWAS), and 44 genes were identified. Furthermore, 21 domestic guppies were used for transcriptomic analysis, and 874 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 357 upregulated and 517 downregulated genes. Through GO and KEGG enrichment, we identified some important terms or pathways mainly related to melanin biosynthesis and ion transport. qRT-PCR was also performed to verify the differential expression levels of four important candidate genes (TYR, OCA2, SLC45A2, and SLC24A5) between red-eyed and black-eyed guppies. Based on the results of genomic and transcriptomic analyses, we propose that OCA2 is the most important candidate gene for the red-eyed phenotype in guppies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Haigang Bao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.C.); (S.W.); (J.L.); (C.W.)
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Jun SL, Sun J, Huo X, Feng Q, Li Y, Xie X, Geng S. Lipopolysaccharide reduces melanin synthesis in vitiligo melanocytes by regulating autophagy. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1579-1585. [PMID: 35733278 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is an autoimmune-related disease with a complex aetiology that involves innate immunity. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important parts of innate immunity and are related to a variety of autoimmune diseases, including vitiligo, through an unknown mechanism. In this study, we found that the TLR4 gene expression was increased in blood samples of patients with advanced stage vitiligo, and then we evaluated the effect of TLR4 ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on melanin synthesis in a vitiligo melanocyte cell line PIG3V and along with its mechanism. LPS suppressed melanin synthesis, downregulated the expression of melanin synthesis-related proteins, and activated autophagy in vitiligo melanocytes. Inhibiting autophagy with 3-methyladenine or chloroquine blocked these effects. This suggests that LPS inhibits skin pigmentation by modulating autophagy, thus providing novel insights into the pathogenesis of vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Li Jun
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Central Laboratory of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingying Sun
- Central Laboratory of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueping Huo
- Central Laboratory of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qing Feng
- Central Laboratory of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Li
- Central Laboratory of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Songmei Geng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Wang X, Heraud S, Thepot A, Dos Santos M, Luo Z. The Whitening Properties of the Mixture Composed of Pomegranate, Osmanthus and Olive and the Protective Effects Against Ultraviolet Deleterious Effects. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 14:561-573. [PMID: 34093030 PMCID: PMC8168835 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s302997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Ultraviolet (UV) rays are the major environmental factor that damage skin physiology causing deleterious effects such as oxidation, photoaging and pigmentation. There has been considerable interest in using botanicals to prevent skin damages caused by UV irradiation. Aim In this study, three plant extracts were tested either individually or combined together (mixture) as well as their corresponding main active compound: pomegranate/punicalagin, osmanthus/verbascoside and olive/hydroxytyrosol. We evaluated the whitening and anti-photoaging properties of the nutritional mixture using 2D human culture model and a 3D full-thickness pigmented skin model exposed to UVB and UVA. Methods For exploring skin pigmentation, oxidation and aging, we performed cell viability, tyrosinase activity and melanin content assays as well as histology analysis (Whartin–Starry staining), immunodetection (PMEL, MDA, collagen type I and elastin) and carbonylated proteins analysis by electrophoresis separation. Results Results showed that the pomegranate extract and the active molecule punicalagin could reduce the tyrosinase activity and melanin content in melanocytes (P < 0.05). The mixture, pomegranate extract and punicalagin inhibited the melanin production and pre-melanosomal protein (PMEL) expression in the 3D skin pigmented model (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the mixture treatment repaired the expressions of collagen I and elastin decrease by UV exposure (P < 0.01). The mixture also significantly decreased lipid peroxidation (P < 0.001) and carbonylated proteins (P < 0.05) in the skin model compared to the UV-exposed condition. Conclusion To conclude, the mixture composed of pomegranate, osmanthus and olive extracts protects human skin from UV rays deleterious effects and exhibits antioxidative, anti-aging and skin whitening properties. Our data suggested pomegranate contributed to the whitening properties of the mixture notably through its main active compound, punicalagin. The mixture might be a good candidates for further development as natural antioxidant and skin care product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wang
- Infinitus Company Ltd, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Amelie Thepot
- LabSkin Creations, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
| | | | - Zhen Luo
- Infinitus Company Ltd, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Molecular and Biochemical Basis of Minocycline-Induced Hyperpigmentation-The Study on Normal Human Melanocytes Exposed to UVA and UVB Radiation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073755. [PMID: 33916535 PMCID: PMC8038496 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Minocycline is a drug which induces skin hyperpigmentation. Its frequency reaches up to 50% of treated patients. The adverse effect diminishes the great therapeutic potential of minocycline, including antibacterial, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer actions. It is supposed that an elevated melanin level and drug accumulation in melanin-containing cells are related to skin hyperpigmentation. This study aimed to evaluate molecular and biochemical mechanism of minocycline-induced hyperpigmentation in human normal melanocytes, as well as the contribution of UV radiation to this side effect. The experiments involved the evaluation of cyto- and phototoxic potential of the drug using cell imaging with light and confocal microscopes as well as biochemical and molecular analysis of melanogenesis. We showed that minocycline induced melanin synthesis in epidermal melanocytes. The action was intensified by UV irradiation, especially with the UVB spectrum. Minocycline stimulated the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase (TYR) gene. Higher levels of melanin and increased activity of tyrosinase were also observed in treated cells. Moreover, minocycline triggered the supranuclear accumulation of tyrosinase, similar to UV radiation. The decreased level of premelanosome protein PMEL17 observed in all minocycline-treated cultures suggests disorder of the formation, maturation or distribution of melanosomes. The study revealed that minocycline itself was able to enhance melanin synthesis. The action was intensified by irradiation, especially with the UVB spectrum. Demonstrated results confirmed the potential role of melanin and UV radiation minocycline-induced skin hyperpigmentation.
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Zheng X, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Zhong H, Nie R, Li J, Zhang H, Wu C. Transcriptome analysis of feather follicles reveals candidate genes and pathways associated with pheomelanin pigmentation in chickens. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12088. [PMID: 32694523 PMCID: PMC7374586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68931-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Yellow plumage is common in chickens, especially in breeds such as the Huiyang Bearded chicken, which is indigenous to China. We evaluated plumage colour distribution in F1, F2, and F3 populations of an Huiyang Bearded chicken × White Leghorn chicken cross, the heredity of the yellow plumage trait was distinguished from that of the gold plumage and other known plumage colours. Microscopic analysis of the feather follicles indicated that pheomelanin particles were formed in yellow but not in white feathers. To screen genes related to formation of the pheomelanin particles, we generated transcriptome data from yellow and white feather follicles from 7- and 11-week-old F3 chickens using RNA-seq. We identified 27 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) when comparing the yellow and white feather follicles. These DEGs were enriched in the Gene Ontology classes ‘melanosome’ and ‘melanosome organization’ related to the pigmentation process. Down-regulation of TYRP1, DCT, PMEL, MLANA, and HPGDS, verified using quantitative reverse transcription PCR, may lead to reduced eumelanin and increased pheomelanin synthesis in yellow plumage. Owing to the presence of the Dominant white locus, both white and yellow plumage lack eumelanin, and white feathers showed no pigments. Our results provide an understanding of yellow plumage formation in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Haian Zhong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ruixue Nie
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junying Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Changxin Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Dorgaleleh S, Naghipoor K, Barahouie A, Dastaviz F, Oladnabi M. Molecular and biochemical mechanisms of human iris color: A comprehensive review. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8972-8982. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Dorgaleleh
- Student Research Committee Golestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
| | - Karim Naghipoor
- Student Research Committee Golestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
| | - Ahmad Barahouie
- Student Research Committee Golestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
| | - Farzad Dastaviz
- Student Research Committee Golestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
| | - Morteza Oladnabi
- Gorgan Congenital Malformations Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
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Vitiello G, Melone P, Silvestri B, Pezzella A, Di Donato P, D’Errico G, Di Napoli M, Zanfardino A, Varcamonti M, Luciani G. Titanium based complexes with melanin precursors as a tool for directing melanogenic pathways. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2018-1210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Bioinspired melanin based hybrid materials hold huge promise for developing multifunctional systems for a considerable set of applications. Yet, control of melanogenic pathway is a big challenge to allow rational design of nanostructured systems with tuned structures and improved properties. This study proves the ability of titanium ions interactions with melanin precursors in directing melanogenic pathway. To this purpose complementary spectroscopic evidences were collected to reveal that in the presence of a TiO2-sol, amino-acid complex of Ti(IV) ions and DOPA actually inhibits its cyclization, during oxidative process, thus leading to DOPA-based polyphenols, stable even in oxidative environment, rather than eumelanin. This hugely impacts on the biological properties of the final hybrid systems which, discloses relevant and durable antioxidant behavior but poor antimicrobial activity differently from DHICA-based hybrid nanostructures. Overall this study, discloses the high potential of ceramic templated approach in combination with the selection of melanin precursor in achieving a fine tuning of physico-chemical as well as bioactivity of melanin-TiO2 nanostructures, opening new scenarios towards the design of cutting-edge biomaterials with tailored biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Vitiello
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering , University of Naples “Federico II” , p.le V. Tecchio 80 , 80125 Naples , Italy
- CSGI, Consorzio interuniversitario per lo sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Sesto Fiorentino , via della Lastruccia 3 , Firenze , Italy
| | - Pietro Melone
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering , University of Naples “Federico II” , p.le V. Tecchio 80 , 80125 Naples , Italy
| | - Brigida Silvestri
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering , University of Naples “Federico II” , p.le V. Tecchio 80 , 80125 Naples , Italy
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM) , Florence , Italy
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), CNR , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , I-80078 Pozzuoli (NA) , Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences , University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 4 , I-80126 Naples , Italy
| | - Paola Di Donato
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), CNR , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , I-80078 Pozzuoli (NA) , Italy
- Department of Science and Technology , University of Naples “Parthenope” , Centro Direzionale, Isola C4 , 80143 Naples , Italy
| | - Gerardino D’Errico
- Department of Chemical Sciences , University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 4 , I-80126 Naples , Italy
| | - Michela Di Napoli
- Department of Biology , University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 4 , I-80126 Naples , Italy
| | - Anna Zanfardino
- Department of Biology , University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 4 , I-80126 Naples , Italy
| | - Mario Varcamonti
- Department of Biology , University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 4 , I-80126 Naples , Italy
| | - Giuseppina Luciani
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering , University of Naples “Federico II” , p.le V. Tecchio 80 , 80125 Naples , Italy , Tel.: +390817682433, Fax: +390817682595
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