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Yao K, Liu D, Brennan CS. Gelatinised and hydrolysed corn starch is a cost‐effective carbon source with higher production of L‐lactic acid by
Bacillus coagulans
compared with glucose. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yao
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology 381 Wushan Road Guangzhou510640China
| | - Dong‐Mei Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology 381 Wushan Road Guangzhou510640China
| | - Charles S. Brennan
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology 381 Wushan Road Guangzhou510640China
- Centre for Food Research and Innovation Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Lincoln University Lincoln85084New Zealand
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Latimer JJ, Alhamed A, Sveiven S, Almutairy A, Klimas NG, Abreu M, Sullivan K, Grant SG. Preliminary Evidence for a Hormetic Effect on DNA Nucleotide Excision Repair in Veterans with Gulf War Illness. Mil Med 2021; 185:e47-e52. [PMID: 31334811 PMCID: PMC7353836 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usz177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Veterans of the 1991 Gulf War were potentially exposed to a mixture of stress, chemicals and radiation that may have contributed to the persistent symptoms of Gulf War Illness (GWI). The genotoxic effects of some of these exposures are mediated by the DNA nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. We hypothesized that individuals with relatively low DNA repair capacity would suffer greater damage from cumulative genotoxic exposures, some of which would persist, causing ongoing problems. Materials and Methods Blood samples were obtained from symptomatic Gulf War veterans and age-matched controls. The unscheduled DNA synthesis assay, a functional measurement of NER capacity, was performed on cultured lymphocytes, and lymphocyte mRNA was extracted and analyzed by sequencing. Results Despite our hypothesis that GWI would be associated with DNA repair deficiency, NER capacity in lymphocytes from affected GWI veterans actually exhibited a significantly elevated level of DNA repair (p = 0.016). Both total gene expression and NER gene expression successfully differentiated individuals with GWI from unaffected controls. The observed functional increase in DNA repair capacity was accompanied by an overexpression of genes in the NER pathway, as determined by RNA sequencing analysis. Conclusion We suggest that the observed elevations in DNA repair capacity and NER gene expression are indicative of a “hormetic,” i.e., induced or adaptive protective response to battlefield exposures. Normally such effects are short-term, but in these individuals this response has resulted in a long-term metabolic shift that may also be responsible for the persistent symptoms of GWI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean J Latimer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328.,South University Drive, AutoNation Institute for Breast Cancer Research, 3321, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328
| | - Abdullah Alhamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328.,South University Drive, AutoNation Institute for Breast Cancer Research, 3321, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328
| | - Stefanie Sveiven
- South University Drive, AutoNation Institute for Breast Cancer Research, 3321, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328
| | - Ali Almutairy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328.,South University Drive, AutoNation Institute for Breast Cancer Research, 3321, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328
| | - Nancy G Klimas
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328.,Department of Medicine, Miami VA Healthcare System, 1201 NW 16th St, Miami, FL 33313
| | - Maria Abreu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328
| | - Kimberly Sullivan
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Stephen G Grant
- South University Drive, AutoNation Institute for Breast Cancer Research, 3321, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328.,Department of Public Health, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328
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