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Besin V, Yulianti T, Notopuro PB, Humardani FM. Genetic Polymorphisms of Ischemic Stroke in Asians. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 549:117527. [PMID: 37666385 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of ischemic stroke emphasizes the necessity for early detection and preventive strategies. Diagnostic biomarkers currently available for ischemic stroke only become detectable shortly before the manifestation of stroke symptoms. Genetic variants associated with ischemic stroke offer a potential solution to address this diagnostic limitation. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that genetic variants cannot be modified in the same way as epigenetic changes. Nevertheless, individuals carrying risk or protective variants can modify their lifestyle to potentially influence the associated epigenetic factors. This study aims to summarize specific variants relevant to Asian populations that may aid in the early detection of ischemic stroke and explore their impact on the disease's pathophysiology. These variants give us important information about the genes that play a role in ischemic stroke by affecting things like atherosclerosis pathway, blood coagulation pathway, homocysteine metabolism, transporter function, transcription, and the activity of neurons regulation. It is important to recognize the variations in genetic variants among different ethnicities and avoid generalizing the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentinus Besin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60292, Indonesia
| | - Trilis Yulianti
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Paulus Budiono Notopuro
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Farizky Martriano Humardani
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60292, Indonesia; Magister in Biomedical Science Program, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65112, Indonesia.
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2
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Wu ZD, Feng Y, Ma ZX, Liu Z, Xiong HH, Zhou ZP, Ouyang LS, Xie FK, Tang YM. MicroRNAs: protective regulators for neuron growth and development. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:734-745. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.353481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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3
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Hu S, Guo W, Shen Y. Potential link between the nerve injury-induced protein (Ninjurin) and the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109452. [PMID: 36446236 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis remains a widespread but severe gynecological disease in women of reproductive age, with an unknown etiology and few treatment choices. The menstrual reflux theory is largely accepted as the underlying etiology but does not explain the morbidity or unpleasant pain sensations of endometriosis. The neurological and immune systems are both involved in pain mechanisms of endometriosis, and interlinked through a complex combination of cytokines and neurotransmitters. Numerous pieces of evidence suggest that the nerve injury-inducible protein, Ninjurin, is actively expressed in endometriosis lesions, which contributes to the etiology and development of endometriosis. It may be explored in the future as a novel therapeutic target. The aim of the present review was to elucidate the multifaceted role of Ninjurin. Furthermore, we summarize the association of Ninjurin with the pain mechanism of endometriosis and outline the future research directions. A novel therapeutic pathway can be discovered based on the potential pathogenic variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijian Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Weina Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Yin J, Gong G, Wan W, Liu X. Pyroptosis in spinal cord injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:949939. [PMID: 36467606 PMCID: PMC9715394 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.949939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) often brings devastating consequences to patients and their families. Pathophysiologically, the primary insult causes irreversible damage to neurons and glial cells and initiates the secondary damage cascade, further leading to inflammation, ischemia, and cells death. In SCI, the release of various inflammatory mediators aggravates nerve injury. Pyroptosis is a new pro-inflammatory pattern of regulated cell death (RCD), mainly mediated by caspase-1 or caspase-11/4/5. Gasdermins family are pore-forming proteins known as the executor of pyroptosis and the gasdermin D (GSDMD) is best characterized. Pyroptosis occurs in multiple central nervous system (CNS) cell types, especially plays a vital role in the development of SCI. We review here the evidence for pyroptosis in SCI, and focus on the pyroptosis of different cells and the crosstalk between them. In addition, we discuss the interaction between pyroptosis and other forms of RCD in SCI. We also summarize the therapeutic strategies for pyroptosis inhibition, so as to provide novel ideas for improving outcomes following SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhui Wan
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Dai C, Ma Z, Si J, An G, Zhang W, Li S, Ma Y. Hsa_circ_0007312 Promotes Third-Generation Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance through Pyroptosis and Apoptosis via the MiR-764/MAPK1 Axis in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. J Cancer 2022; 13:2798-2809. [PMID: 35812182 PMCID: PMC9254875 DOI: 10.7150/jca.72066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purposes: Osimertinib is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) used for patients with gefitinib (first-generation EGFR-TKI) resistance, but osimertinib resistance inevitably occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the mechanisms of osimertinib resistance. Materials and Methods: We performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect hsa_circ_0007312 (circ7312), miR-764, and MAPK1 expressions in tissues and cells. Western blotting was used to detect protein levels in cells. Cell Counting Kit-8, apoptotic, and Transwell assays were used to explore biological functions. Luciferase assays were used to identify the interactions between circ7312 and miR-764, MAPK1 and miR-764. A xenograft experiment was performed to clarify the role of circ7312 in vivo. Public datasets were used to identify the relation between circ7312 expression and the cell half maximal inhibitory concentration value of osimertinib in 41 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. The Student t-test, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis were used in data analysis. Results: We found that circ7312 knockdown increased miR-764 expression and decreased MAPK1 expression, and circ7312 regulated MAPK1 by sponging miR-764. In addition, high circ7312 expression has significant positive correlation with osimertinib IC50 values, circ7312 knockdown decreased the cell half maximal inhibitory concentration value of osimertinib and increased pyroptosis and apoptosis by sponging the miR-764/MAPK1 axis. We also found that circ7312 and MAPK1 were highly expressed in tumor tissues and related to poor prognosis. Xenograft experiments revealed that circ7312 knockdown decreased osimertinib resistance in vivo. Conclusion: We demonstrated that the inhibition of circ7312 decreased osimertinib resistance by promoting pyroptosis and apoptosis via the miR-764/MAPK1 axis, providing a novel target for osimertinib resistance therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyue Dai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zeming Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Si
- Department of Anesthesiology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Guo An
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shaolei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
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Winsvold BS, Kitsos I, Thomas LF, Skogholt AH, Gabrielsen ME, Zwart JA, Nilsen KB. Genome-Wide Association Study of 2,093 Cases With Idiopathic Polyneuropathy and 445,256 Controls Identifies First Susceptibility Loci. Front Neurol 2021; 12:789093. [PMID: 34975738 PMCID: PMC8718917 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.789093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: About one third of patients with chronic polyneuropathy have no obvious underlying etiology and are classified as having idiopathic polyneuropathy. The lack of knowledge about pathomechanisms and predisposing factors limits the development of effective prevention and treatment for these patients. We report the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) of idiopathic polyneuropathy. Methods: Cases with idiopathic polyneuropathy and healthy controls were identified by linkage to hospital records. We performed genome-wide association studies using genetic data from two large population-based health studies, the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT, 1,147 cases and 62,204 controls) and UK Biobank (UKB, 946 cases and 383,052 controls). In a two-stage analysis design, we first treated HUNT as a discovery cohort and UK Biobank as a replication cohort. Secondly, we combined the two studies in a meta-analysis. Downstream analyses included genetic correlation to other traits and diseases. We specifically examined previously reported risk loci, and genes known to cause hereditary polyneuropathy. Results: No replicable risk loci were identified in the discovery-replication stage, in line with the limited predicted power of this approach. When combined in a meta-analysis, two independent loci reached statistical significance (rs7294354 in B4GALNT3, P-value 4.51 × 10−8) and (rs147738081 near NR5A2, P-value 4.75 × 10−8). Idiopathic polyneuropathy genetically correlated with several anthropometric measures, most pronounced for height, and with several pain-related traits. Conclusions: In this first GWAS of idiopathic polyneuropathy we identify two risk-loci that indicate possible pathogenetic mechanisms. Future collaborative efforts are needed to replicate and expand on these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bendik S. Winsvold
- Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ioannis Kitsos
- Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laurent F. Thomas
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- BioCore–Bioinformatics Core Facility, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anne Heidi Skogholt
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Maiken E. Gabrielsen
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - John-Anker Zwart
- Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristian Bernhard Nilsen
- Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Kristian Bernhard Nilsen
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Gupta R, Ambasta RK, Pravir Kumar. Autophagy and apoptosis cascade: which is more prominent in neuronal death? Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:8001-8047. [PMID: 34741624 PMCID: PMC11072037 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis are two crucial self-destructive processes that maintain cellular homeostasis, which are characterized by their morphology and regulated through signal transduction mechanisms. These pathways determine the fate of cellular organelle and protein involved in human health and disease such as neurodegeneration, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Cell death pathways share common molecular mechanisms, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, calcium ion concentration, reactive oxygen species, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Some key signaling molecules such as p53 and VEGF mediated angiogenic pathway exhibit cellular and molecular responses resulting in the triggering of apoptotic and autophagic pathways. Herein, based on previous studies, we describe the intricate relation between cell death pathways through their common genes and the role of various stress-causing agents. Further, extensive research on autophagy and apoptotic machinery excavates the implementation of selective biomarkers, for instance, mTOR, Bcl-2, BH3 family members, caspases, AMPK, PI3K/Akt/GSK3β, and p38/JNK/MAPK, in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This molecular phenomenon will lead to the discovery of possible therapeutic biomolecules as a pharmacological intervention that are involved in the modulation of apoptosis and autophagy pathways. Moreover, we describe the potential role of micro-RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and biomolecules as therapeutic agents that regulate cell death machinery to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Mounting evidence demonstrated that under stress conditions, such as calcium efflux, endoplasmic reticulum stress, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and oxidative stress intermediate molecules, namely p53 and VEGF, activate and cause cell death. Further, activation of p53 and VEGF cause alteration in gene expression and dysregulated signaling pathways through the involvement of signaling molecules, namely mTOR, Bcl-2, BH3, AMPK, MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt, and caspases. Alteration in gene expression and signaling cascades cause neurotoxicity and misfolded protein aggregates, which are characteristics features of neurodegenerative diseases. Excessive neurotoxicity and misfolded protein aggregates lead to neuronal cell death by activating death pathways like autophagy and apoptosis. However, autophagy has a dual role in the apoptosis pathways, i.e., activation and inhibition of the apoptosis signaling. Further, micro-RNAs and LncRNAs act as pharmacological regulators of autophagy and apoptosis cascade, whereas, natural compounds and chemical compounds act as pharmacological inhibitors that rescue neuronal cell death through inhibition of apoptosis and autophagic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Gupta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mechanical Engineering Building, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Room# FW4TF3, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mechanical Engineering Building, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Room# FW4TF3, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mechanical Engineering Building, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Room# FW4TF3, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
- , Delhi, India.
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Dai C, Liu B, Li S, Hong Y, Si J, Xiong Y, Wu N, Ma Y. Construction of a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Regulated Pathway Involved in EGFR-TKI Lung Adenocarcinoma Resistance. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211056809. [PMID: 34825849 PMCID: PMC8647233 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211056809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase
inhibitors are widely used for lung epidermal growth factor receptor-positive
lung adenocarcinomas, but acquired resistance is inevitable. Although non-coding
RNAs, such as circular RNA and microRNA, are known to play vital roles in
epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance,
comprehensive analysis is lacking. Thus, this study aimed to explore the
circular RNA-microRNA-messenger RNA regulatory network involved in epidermal
growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance.
Methods: To identify differentially expressed genes between the
epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor sensitive cell line
PC9 and resistant cell line PC9/ epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine
kinase inhibitor resistance(PC9/ER), circular RNA, microRNA and messenger RNA
microarrays were performed. Candidates were then identified to construct a
circular RNA-microRNA-messenger RNA network using bioinformatics. Additionally,
Gene Oncology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were
conducted to evaluate the network messenger RNA, setting up a protein-protein
interaction network for hub-gene identification. Afterwards, RNA
immunoprecipitation was performed to enrich microRNA, and quantitative real-time
PCR was used to estimated gene expression levels. Results: In
total, 603, 377, and 1863 differentially expressed circular RNA, microRNA,
messenger RNAs, respectively, were identified using microarray analysis,
constructing a circular RNA-microRNA-messenger RNA network containing 18
circular RNAs, 17 microRNAs and 175 messenger RNAs. Moreover, Gene Oncology and
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses showed that the most
enriched biological process terms and pathways were related to epidermal growth
factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, including Wnt and Hippo
signaling pathways. Based on the competing endogenous RNA and protein-protein
interaction network, circ-0007312 was showed to interact with miR-764 and both
circ-0003748 and circ-0001398 were shown to interact with miR-628; both these
microRNAs targeted MAPK1. Furthermore, circ-0007312, circ-0003748, circ-0001398,
and MAPK1 were up-regulated, whereas miR-764 and miR-628 were downregulated in
PC9/ER cells as compared to parental PC9 cells. We also found that circ-0007312
and miR-764 were positively expressed in plasma. Conclusions: Our
original study associated with mechanism of target therapy in lung cancer
provided a systematic and comprehensive regulation of circular RNA, microRNA and
messenger RNA in epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor
resistance. It was found that circ-0007312- miR-764-MAPK1,
circ-0003748-miR-628-MAPK1, and circ-0001398-miR-628-MAPK1 axis may play key
roles in epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor
resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyue Dai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaolei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Hong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Si
- Department of Anesthesiology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Florijn BW, Bijkerk R, Kruyt ND, van Zonneveld AJ, Wermer MJH. Sex-Specific MicroRNAs in Neurovascular Units in Ischemic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11888. [PMID: 34769320 PMCID: PMC8585074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence pinpoints sex differences in stroke incidence, etiology and outcome. Therefore, more understanding of the sex-specific mechanisms that lead to ischemic stroke and aggravation of secondary damage after stroke is needed. Our current mechanistic understanding of cerebral ischemia states that endothelial quiescence in neurovascular units (NVUs) is a major physiological parameter affecting the cellular response to neuron, astrocyte and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) injury. Although a hallmark of the response to injury in these cells is transcriptional activation, noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs exhibit cell-type and context dependent regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. This review assesses whether sex-specific microRNA expression (either derived from X-chromosome loci following incomplete X-chromosome inactivation or regulated by estrogen in their biogenesis) in these cells controls NVU quiescence, and as such, could differentiate stroke pathophysiology in women compared to men. Their adverse expression was found to decrease tight junction affinity in endothelial cells and activate VSMC proliferation, while their regulation of paracrine astrocyte signaling was shown to neutralize sex-specific apoptotic pathways in neurons. As such, these microRNAs have cell type-specific functions in astrocytes and vascular cells which act on one another, thereby affecting the cell viability of neurons. Furthermore, these microRNAs display actual and potential clinical implications as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in ischemic stroke and in predicting therapeutic response to antiplatelet therapy. In conclusion, this review improves the current mechanistic understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to ischemic stroke in women and highlights the clinical promise of sex-specific microRNAs as novel diagnostic biomarkers for (silent) ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barend W. Florijn
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZR Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.D.K.); (M.J.H.W.)
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.B.); (A.J.v.Z.)
| | - Roel Bijkerk
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.B.); (A.J.v.Z.)
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nyika D. Kruyt
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZR Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.D.K.); (M.J.H.W.)
| | - Anton Jan van Zonneveld
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.B.); (A.J.v.Z.)
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke J. H. Wermer
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZR Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.D.K.); (M.J.H.W.)
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Guo HM, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Jiao PF, Fan XC, Kong CL, Wang T, Li XX, Zhang HW, Zhang LR, Ma MY, Bu HL. Spinal Ninjurin2 contributes to the neuropathic pain via NF-κB-mediated neuroinflammation in the spared sciatic nerve injury rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:107918. [PMID: 34320458 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Ninjurin2 (nerve injury induced protein 2, NINJ2) is a molecule which mediates cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions in the nervous system. Clinical study shows NINJ2 is associated with the development of postherpetic neuralgia. However, it is lack of direct evidence that NINJ2 participated in neuropathic pain. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of NINJ2 in the development of neuropathic pain in spared sciatic nerve injury rats and the underlying mechanism. METHOD Spared sciatic nerve injury (SNI) models were established. The level of NINJ2 and p-p65 (a NF-κB family member) were measured in SNI rats by western blots and immunofluorescent staining. Lentivirus encoding small interfering RNA targeting NINJ2 (RNAi) was intrathecally injected into rats. Then the change of pain behavior of rats induced by NINJ2 RNAi was tested by Von-Frey hairs. The change of p-p65 in the spinal cord in rats after NINJ2 RNAi treatment was also measured by western blots. inhibitor of p-p65-induced change of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS NINJ2 and p-p65 were increased in the spinal cord of SNI rats on the 3, 7, 14th days after modeling. NINJ2 were mainly expressed in neurons, and co-located with p-p65 in the spinal dorsal horn. When down regulating the level of NINJ2 by RNAi, the development of pain in SNI rats was partially blocked. Phosphorylation of p65 was also inhibited by NINJ2 RNAi. Blocking the phosphorylation of NF-κB pathway could inhibit the increase of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the spinal cord of SNI rats. CONCLUSION NINJ2 protein was increased in the spinal cord of SNI rats. It participated in the development of nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain by activating neuroinflammation in the spinal cord via NF-κB pathway. This study provides a new target to investigate the mechanism of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ming Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China; Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pain Management, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430000 Wuhan, China
| | - Peng-Fei Jiao
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Chong Fan
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cun-Long Kong
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin-Xin Li
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 450000 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li-Rong Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 450000 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Min-Yu Ma
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Hui-Lian Bu
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China.
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11
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Zhu F, Li Q, Li J, Li B, Li D. Long noncoding Mirt2 reduces apoptosis to alleviate myocardial infarction through regulation of the miR-764/PDK1 axis. J Transl Med 2021; 101:165-176. [PMID: 33199822 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-00504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common clinical cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Abnormal expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) is reported to be related to myocardial dysfunctions such as myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA myocardial infarction-related transcription factors 2 (Mirt2) in AMI and the underlying molecular mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. In vivo AMI model was established by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Rats were randomly divided into two groups (five rats per group): the sham group and the AMI group. H9c2 cells were cultured under hypoxia for 4 h and then cultured under normoxia to establish the in vitro hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R) model. Our study shows that the myocardial infarct size and the apoptosis in AMI rats were both significantly increased, indicating that the AMI rat model was successfully established. Additionally, the levels of Mirt2 in AMI rats were increased significantly. Knockdown of Mirt2 by shRNA (shMirt2) had no significant effect on apoptosis and MI in sham rats, but significantly promoted apoptosis and MI in AMI rats. In vitro experiments showed that shMirt2 significantly decreased the level of Mirt2 in H9c2 cells and H9c2 cells treated with H/R. It is worth noting that shMirt2 had no significant effect on H9c2 cells, but significantly increased the levels of oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase), and also increased the number of apoptosis of H/R-treated H9c2 cells. Further mechanistic analysis showed that Mirt2 could protect MI and apoptosis in AMI rats by competitively adsorbing miR-764 and reducing the inhibitory effect of miR-764 on 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1). More importantly, after overexpression of Mirt2, MI and apoptosis were significantly improved in AMI rats, indicating that Mirt2 showed a protective effect in AMI rats. In summary, these findings suggest that that Mirt2 participated in the regulation of MI through the miR-764/PDK1 axis. Therefore, the current findings provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical MI with changes in Mirt2 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Third Hospital & Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Function, Wuhan Third Hospital & Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Third Hospital & Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Benlei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Third Hospital & Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Dongsheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Third Hospital & Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
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12
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Li L, Miao M, Chen J, Liu Z, Li W, Qiu Y, Xu S, Wang Q. Role of Ten eleven translocation-2 (Tet2) in modulating neuronal morphology and cognition in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 2020; 157:993-1012. [PMID: 33165916 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal expression of Ten eleven translocation-2 (Tet2) contributes to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, to date, the role of Tet2 in modulating neuronal morphology upon amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced neurotoxicity has not been shown in a mouse model of AD. Here, we have developed a model of injured mouse hippocampal neurons induced by Aβ42 oligomers in vitro. We also investigated the role of Tet2 in injured neurons using recombinant plasmids-induced Tet2 inhibition or over-expression. We found that the reduced expression of Tet2 exacerbated neuronal damage, whereas the increased expression of Tet2 was sufficient to protect neurons against Aβ42 toxicity. Our results indicate that the brains of aged APPswe/PSEN1 double-transgenic (2 × Tg-AD) mice exhibit an increase in Aβ plaque accumulation and a decrease in Tet2 expression. As a result, we have also explored the underlying mechanisms of Tet2 in cognition and amyloid load in 2 × Tg-AD mice via adeno-associated virus-mediated Tet2 knockdown or over-expression. Recombinant adeno-associated virus was microinjected into bilateral dentate gyrus regions of the hippocampus of the mice. Knocking down Tet2 in young 2 × Tg-AD mice resulted in the same extent of cognitive dysfunction as aged 2 × Tg-AD mice. Importantly, in middle-aged 2 × Tg-AD mice, knocking down Tet2 accelerated the accumulation of Aβ plaques, whereas over-expressing Tet2 alleviated amyloid burden and memory loss. Furthermore, our hippocampal RNA-seq data, from young 2 × Tg-AD mice, were enriched with aberrantly expressed lncRNAs and miRNAs that are modulated by Tet2. Tet2-modulated lncRNAs (Malat1, Meg3, Sox2ot, Gm15477, Snhg1) and miRNAs (miR-764, miR-211, and miR-34a) may play a role in neuron formation. Overall, these results indicate that Tet2 may be a potential therapeutic target for repairing neuronal damage and cognitive impairment in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Li
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Miao Miao
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jiarui Chen
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, PR China
| | - Zhitao Liu
- Faculty of Physical Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Wanyi Li
- Faculty of Physical Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yisha Qiu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shujun Xu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Qinwen Wang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
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13
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Choi H, Bae SJ, Choi G, Lee H, Son T, Kim JG, An S, Lee HS, Seo JH, Kwon HB, Jeon S, Oh GT, Surh YJ, Kim KW. Ninjurin1 deficiency aggravates colitis development by promoting M1 macrophage polarization and inducing microbial imbalance. FASEB J 2020; 34:8702-8720. [PMID: 32385864 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902753r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of colonic homeostasis caused by aberrant M1/M2 macrophage polarization and dysbiosis contributes to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis. However, the molecular factors mediating colonic homeostasis are not well characterized. Here, we found that Ninjurin1 (Ninj1) limits colon inflammation by regulating macrophage polarization and microbiota composition under homeostatic conditions and during colitis development. Ninj1 deletion in mice induced hypersusceptibility to colitis, with increased prevalence of colitogenic Prevotellaceae strains and decreased immunoregulatory Lachnospiraceae strains. Upon co-housing (CoH) with WT mice, Ninj1-/- mice showed increased Lachnospiraceae and decreased Prevotellaceae abundance, with subsequent improvement of colitis. Under homeostatic conditions, M1 macrophage frequency was higher in the Ninj1-/- mouse colons than wild-type (WT) mouse colons, which may contribute to increased basal colonic inflammation and microbial imbalance. Following colitis induction, Ninj1 expression was increased in macrophages; meanwhile Ninj1-/- mice showed severe colitis development and impaired recovery, associated with decreased M2 macrophages and escalated microbial imbalance. In vitro, Ninj1 knockdown in mouse and human macrophages activated M1 polarization and restricted M2 polarization. Finally, the transfer of WT macrophages ameliorated severe colitis in Ninj1-/- mice. These findings suggest that Ninj1 mediates colonic homeostasis by modulating M1/M2 macrophage balance and preventing extensive dysbiosis, with implications for IBD prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Bae
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Garam Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunseung Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taekwon Son
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Gyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunho An
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Shin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hae Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyouk-Bum Kwon
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sejin Jeon
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu-Won Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea
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LncRNA EPIC1 downregulation mediates hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal cell injury. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:11463-11473. [PMID: 31812951 PMCID: PMC6932932 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress causes neuronal cell injury. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) EPIC1 (Lnc-EPIC1) is a MYC-interacting LncRNA. Its expression and potential functions in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-stimulated neuronal cells are studied. In SH-SY5Y neuronal cells and primary human neuron cultures, H2O2 downregulated Lnc-EPIC1 and key MYC targets (Cyclin A1, CDC20 and CDC45). Ectopic overexpression of Lnc-EPIC1 increased expression of MYC targets and significantly attenuated H2O2-induced neuronal cell death and apoptosis. Contrarily, Lnc-EPIC1 siRNA potentiated neuronal cell death by H2O2. MYC knockout by CRISPR/Cas9 method also facilitated H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cell death. Significantly, MYC knockout abolished Lnc-EPIC1-induced actions in H2O2-stimulated neuronal cells. Together, these results suggest that Lnc-EPIC1 downregulation mediates H2O2-induced neuronal cell death.
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15
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Zhou LN, Li P, Cai S, Li G, Liu F. Ninjurin2 overexpression promotes glioma cell growth. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:11136-11147. [PMID: 31794427 PMCID: PMC6932907 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Ninjurin2 (Ninj2) is an adhesion protein expressed in neurons and glial cells. The current study tested its expression and potential functions in human glioma. We show that Ninj2 mRNA and protein levels are significantly upregulated in human glioma cells and tissues. In established and primary human glioma cells, Ninj2 shRNA or knockout (by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing) potently inhibited cell survival, growth, proliferation, cell migration and invasion, while inducing apoptosis activation. Contrarily, ectopic overexpression of Ninj2 promoted glioma cell progression in vitro. In human glioma tissues and cells, Ninj2 co-immunoprecipitated with multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (EGFR, PDGFRβ and FGFR), required for downstream Akt and Erk activation. Akt and Erk activation was potently inhibited by Ninj2 shRNA or knockout, but enhanced with ectopic Ninj2 overexpression in glioma cells. In summary, we show that Ninj2 overexpression promotes glioma cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Shang Cai
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Chemoradiation Oncology, The First affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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16
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Ninjurin 2 overexpression promotes human colorectal cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:8526-8541. [PMID: 31597121 PMCID: PMC6814613 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ninjurin 2 (NINJ2) is a novel adhesion molecule. Its expression and potential function in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells are studied. We show that NINJ2 is overexpressed in established (HT-29) and primary CRC cells and in human colon cancer tissues. Its expression level is low in colon epithelial cells and normal colon tissues. NINJ2 shRNA or knockout (by CRSIPR/Cas9) potently inhibited human CRC cell survival and proliferation, while significantly inducing cell apoptosis. Conversely, lentivirus-mediated NINJ2 overexpression promoted CRC cell proliferation. NINJ2 co-immunoprecipitated with multiple RTKs (EGFR, PDGFRα/β and FGFR) in CRC cells and human colon cancer tissues. In HT-29 cells, RTKs’ downstream signalings, Akt and Erk, were significantly inhibited by NINJ2 shRNA or knockout, but augmented following ectopic NINJ2 overexpression. In vivo, NINJ2-silenced or NINJ2-knockout CRC xenografts grew significantly slower than the control xenografts. Akt-Erk activation was largely inhibited in CRC xenografts with NINJ2 silencing or knockout. Taken together, NINJ2 overexpression promotes CRC cell growth in vitro and in vivo.
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17
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Circular RNA PRKCI promotes glioma cell progression by inhibiting microRNA-545. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:616. [PMID: 31409777 PMCID: PMC6692337 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1863-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We here tested expression and potential functions of circular RNA PRKCI (circPRKCI) in human glioma. Our results show that circPRKCI is upregulated in human glioma tissues and glioma cells, correlating with downregulation of its potential target, microRNA-545 (miR-545). In A172 and primary human glioma cells, shRNA-mediated silencing of circPRKCI inhibited cancer cell growth, survival, proliferation, and migration. Conversely, ectopic circPRKCI overexpression promoted A172 cell progression. miR-545 is the primary target of circPRKCI in glioma cells. Forced overexpression of miR-545 mimicked circPRKCI shRNA-induced actions, inhibiting glioma cell survival and proliferation. In contrast, miR-545 inhibition, by a lentiviral antagomiR-545 construct, reversed circPRKCI shRNA-induced anti-A172 cell activity. Importantly, neither circPRKCI shRNA nor circPRKCI overexpression was effective in miR-545-knockout (Cas9 method) A172 cells. Importantly, the subcutaneous and orthotopic A172 xenograft growth was significantly inhibited by circPRKCI silencing. Collectively, circPRKCI promotes human glioma cell progression possibly by inhibiting miR-545. Targeting circPRKCI-miR-545 cascade could efficiently inhibit human glioma cells.
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18
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CircPRKCI-miR-545/589-E2F7 axis dysregulation mediates hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal cell injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:428-435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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