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Taskiran A, Oktem G, Demir A, Oltulu F, Ozcinar E, Duzagac F, Guven U, Karakoc E, Cakir A, Ayla S, Guven S, Acikgoz E. Embryonic microenvironment suppresses YY1 and YY1-related genes in prostate cancer stem cells. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155467. [PMID: 39047662 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Yin yang 1 (YY1), a transcription factor, plays crucial roles in cell fate specification, differentiation, and pluripotency during embryonic development. It is also involved in tumorigenesis, drug resistance, metastasis, and relapse caused by cancer stem cells (CSCs), particularly in prostate cancer (PCa). Targeting YY1 could potentially eliminate prostate CSCs (PCSCs) and provide novel therapeutic approaches. PCa tissues often exhibit elevated YY1 expression levels, especially in high-grade cases. Notably, high-grade PCa tissues from 58 PCa patients and CD133high/CD44high PCSCs isolated from DU145 PCa cell line by FACS both showed significantly increased YY1 expression as observed through immunofluorescence staining, respectively. To investigate the embryonic microenvironment impact on YY1 expression in CSC populations, firstly PCSCs were microinjected into the inner cell mass of blastocysts and then PCSCs were co-cultured with blastocysts. Next Generation Sequencing was used to analyze alterations in YY1 and related gene expressions. Interestingly, exposure to the embryonic microenvironment significantly reduced the expressions of YY1, YY2, and other relevant genes in PCSCs. These findings emphasize the tumor-suppressing effects of the embryonic environment by downregulating YY1 and YY1-related genes in PCSCs, thus providing promising strategies for PCa therapy. Through elucidating the mechanisms involved in embryonic reprogramming and its effects on YY1 expression, this research offers opportunities for further investigation into focused therapies directed against PCSCs, therefore enhancing the outcomes of PCa therapy. As a result, PCa tumors may benefit from YY1 and associated genes as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Taskiran
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, İzmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Gulperi Oktem
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, İzmir 35100, Turkey; Ege University Institute of Health Sciences Department of Stem Cell, İzmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Aleyna Demir
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, İzmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Fatih Oltulu
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, İzmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Emine Ozcinar
- İzmir Tinaztepe University Department of Histology and Embryology, İzmir 35400, Turkey
| | - Fahriye Duzagac
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ummu Guven
- Università degli Studi di Milano Department of Biosciences, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Emre Karakoc
- Wellcome Sanger Institute Translational Cancer Genomics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Asli Cakir
- Istanbul Medipol University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pathology, İstanbul 34810, Turkey
| | - Sule Ayla
- Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, İstanbul 34700, Turkey
| | - Selcuk Guven
- Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Department of Urology, Konya 42090, Turkey
| | - Eda Acikgoz
- Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Van 65090, Turkey.
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Zhang M, Huang Y, Bai J, Xu W, Shan H, Sheng L, Gao X, Han Y, Wang S, Bai C, Tian B, Ni Y, Dong Q, Ma F, Zhou X. XAF1 promotes osteoclast apoptosis by antagonizing the XIAP-caspase axis. J Orthop Translat 2024; 47:15-28. [PMID: 38957269 PMCID: PMC11217565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Over-activated osteoclast (OC) is a major cause of diseases related to bone loss and bone metabolism. Both bone resorption inhibition and apoptosis induction of osteoclast are crucial in treating these diseases. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP)-associated factor 1 (XAF1) is an important interferon-stimulated and apoptotic gene. However, how XAF1 regulates bone formation and remodeling is unknown. Methods We generate global and chimeric Xaf1 knockout mouse models and utilize these models to explore the function and mechanism of XAF1 in regulating bone formation and remodeling in vivo and in vitro. Results We show that XAF1 depletion enhances osteoclast generation in vitro. XAF1 knockout increases osteoclast number and bone resorption, thereby exacerbating bone loss in both OVX and osteolysis models. Activation of XAF1 with BV6 (a potent XIAP inhibitor) suppresses osteoclast formation. Mechanistically, XAF1 deletion decreases osteoclast apoptosis by facilitating the interaction between XIAP and caspase-3/7. Conclusions Our data illustrates an essential role of XAF1 in controlling osteoclastogenesis in both osteoporosis and osteolysis mouse models and highlights its underlying mechanism, indicating a potential role in clinical treatment.The translational potential of this article: The translation potential of this article is that we first indicated that osteoclast apoptosis induced by XAF1 contribute to the progression of osteoporosis and osteolysis, which provides a novel strategy in the prevention of osteoporosis and osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingkang Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinyu Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wushuang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huajian Shan
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Han
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyou Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaowen Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yichao Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qirong Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaozhong Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
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Upregulation of Yin-Yang-1 Associates with Proliferation and Glutamine Metabolism in Esophageal Carcinoma. Int J Genomics 2022; 2022:9305081. [PMID: 35359580 PMCID: PMC8961439 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9305081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the expression of Yin-Yang-1 (YY1) in esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) and its effect on glutamine metabolism in ESCA. Methods The expression and roles of YY1 in ESCA were investigated using a series of bioinformatics databases and tools. The expression of YY1 between ESCA tissues with the corresponding adjacent tissues was validated using real-time PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical staining method. Furthermore, the effects of YY1 on ESCC cell proliferation and migration were examined. The correlation between the YY1 and glutamine metabolism was evaluated by western blot. Results YY1 gene was highly conserved in evolution and upregulated in ESCA tissues and ESCC cell lines (ECA109 and TE-1). In addition, YY1 may affect the level of immune cell infiltration and promote tumor cell immune escape. Functional enrichment analysis found that YY1 involved in many biological processes, such as cell division and glutathione and glutamine metabolism. After siRNA knockdown of YY1 in ECA109 and TE-1, the proliferation and the migration of ECA109 and TE-1 were suppressed. The glutamine consumption and glutamate production were significantly decreased. The protein expression of alanine-, serine-, cysteine-preferring transporter 2 (ASCT2), glutaminase (GLS), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLUD1) was significantly downregulated. Conclusion YY1 is highly expressed in ESCA and may promote glutamine metabolism of ESCC cells, indicating it may be as a diagnostic biomarker for ESCA.
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Li W, Hu S, Han Z, Jiang X. YY1-Induced Transcriptional Activation of FAM111B Contributes to the Malignancy of Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2021; 22:e417-e425. [PMID: 34802969 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family with sequence similarity 111 member B (FAM111B) is an oncoprotein associated with multiple malignancies. We investigated the potential mechanisms of FAM111B in breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS We tested the expression of FAM111B in breast cancer tissues and the survival rate of breast cancer patients with high or low level of FAM111B through TCGA data. The expression of FAM111B in breast cancer tissues and adjacent tissues was detected using western blotting. Then we used siRNA to construct a low expression model of FAM111B in SKBR3 and MDA-MB-468. EdU, CCK-8, wound healing, and transwell assays were performed to monitor the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of EMT-related indicators. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and qPCR were used to evaluate the regulatory effect of Yin Yang 1 (YY1) on FAM111B. RESULTS The expression of FAM111B in breast cancer tissues was higher than that in normal tissues. Patients who had high FAM111B expression had a worse prognosis. Knockdown of FAM111B inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells. Knockdown of FAM111B resulted in increased expression of EMT-related protein E-cadherin and decreased expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin. ChIP-qPCR analysis demonstrated that YY1 could bind to the promoter of FAM111B gene and strengthen its transcription activity. CONCLUSION YY1-induced transcriptional activation of FAM111B accelerated the progression of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of General surgery, Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Sihui Hu
- Department of General surgery, Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Han
- Department of General surgery, Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Department of General surgery, Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China.
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Macedo-Silva C, Benedetti R, Ciardiello F, Cappabianca S, Jerónimo C, Altucci L. Epigenetic mechanisms underlying prostate cancer radioresistance. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:125. [PMID: 34103085 PMCID: PMC8186094 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the mainstay treatments for prostate cancer (PCa), a highly prevalent neoplasm among males worldwide. About 30% of newly diagnosed PCa patients receive RT with a curative intent. However, biochemical relapse occurs in 20–40% of advanced PCa treated with RT either alone or in combination with adjuvant-hormonal therapy. Epigenetic alterations, frequently associated with molecular variations in PCa, contribute to the acquisition of a radioresistant phenotype. Increased DNA damage repair and cell cycle deregulation decreases radio-response in PCa patients. Moreover, the interplay between epigenome and cell growth pathways is extensively described in published literature. Importantly, as the clinical pattern of PCa ranges from an indolent tumor to an aggressive disease, discovering specific targetable epigenetic molecules able to overcome and predict PCa radioresistance is urgently needed. Currently, histone-deacetylase and DNA-methyltransferase inhibitors are the most studied classes of chromatin-modifying drugs (so-called ‘epidrugs’) within cancer radiosensitization context. Nonetheless, the lack of reliable validation trials is a foremost drawback. This review summarizes the major epigenetically induced changes in radioresistant-like PCa cells and describes recently reported targeted epigenetic therapies in pre-clinical and clinical settings. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Macedo-Silva
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naplei, Italy.,Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center at Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, F Bdg, 1st Floor, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rosaria Benedetti
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naplei, Italy
| | - Fortunato Ciardiello
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naplei, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cappabianca
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naplei, Italy
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center at Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, F Bdg, 1st Floor, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal. .,Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology at School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naplei, Italy.
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Transcription factors CP2 and YY1 as prognostic markers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas and a second independent cohort. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 147:755-765. [PMID: 33315124 PMCID: PMC7872999 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03482-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The transcription factors YY1 and CP2 have been associated with tumor promotion and suppression in various cancers. Recently, simultaneous expression of both markers was correlated with negative prognosis in cancer. The aim of this study was to explore the expression of YY1 and CP2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients and their association with survival. METHODS First, we analyzed mRNA expression and copy number variations (CNVs) of YY1 and CP2 using "The Cancer Genome Atlas" (TCGA) with 510 HNSCC patients. Secondly, protein expression was investigated via immunohistochemistry in 102 patients, who were treated in the Vienna General Hospital, utilizing a tissue microarray. RESULTS The median follow-up was 2.9 years (1.8-4.6) for the TCGA cohort and 10.3 years (6.5-12.8) for the inhouse tissue micro-array (TMA) cohort. The median overall survival of the TCGA cohort was decreased for patients with a high YY1 mRNA expression (4.0 vs. 5.7 years, p = 0.030, corr. p = 0.180) and high YY1-CNV (3.53 vs. 5.4 years, p = 0.0355, corr. p = 0.213). Furthermore, patients with a combined high expression of YY1 and CP2 mRNA showed a worse survival (3.5 vs. 5.4 years, p = 0.003, corr. p = 0.018). The mortality rate of patients with co-expression of YY1 and CP2 mRNA was twice as high compared to patients with low expression of one or both (HR 1.99, 95% CI 1.11-3.58, p = 0.021). Protein expression of nuclear YY1 and CP2 showed no association with disease outcome in our inhouse cohort. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that simultaneous expression of YY1 and CP2 mRNA is associated with shorter overall survival. Thus, combined high mRNA expression might be a suitable prognostic marker for risk stratification in HNSCC patients. However, since we could not validate this finding at genomic or protein level, we hypothesize that unknown underlying mechanisms which regulate mRNA transcription of YY1 and CP2 are the actual culprits leading to a worse survival.
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Wang R, Su L, Yu S, Ma X, Jiang C, Yu Y. Inhibition of PHLDA2 transcription by DNA methylation and YY1 in goat placenta. Gene 2020; 739:144512. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Xu P, Xiao H, Yang Q, Hu R, Jiang L, Bi R, Jiang X, Wang L, Mei J, Ding F, Huang J. The USP21/YY1/SNHG16 axis contributes to tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion of non-small-cell lung cancer. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:41-55. [PMID: 31956270 PMCID: PMC7000404 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0356-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitinases (DUBs) and noncoding RNAs have been the subjects of recent extensive studies regarding their roles in lung cancer, but the mechanisms involved are largely unknown. In our study, we used The Cancer Genome Atlas data set and bioinformatics analyses and identified USP21, a DUB, as a potential contributor to oncogenesis in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We further demonstrated that USP21 was highly expressed in NSCLCs. We then conducted a series of in vitro and in vivo assays to explore the effect of USP21 on NSCLC progression and the underlying mechanism involved. USP21 promoted NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and in vivo tumor growth by stabilizing a well-known oncogene, Yin Yang-1 (YY1), via mediating its deubiquitination. Furthermore, YY1 transcriptionally regulates the expression of SNHG16. Moreover, StarBase bioinformatics analyses predicted that miR-4500 targets SNHG16 and USP21. A series of in vitro experiments indicated that SNHG16 increased the expression of USP21 through miR-4500. In summary, the USP21/YY1/SNHG16 axis plays a role in promoting the progression of NSCLC. Therefore, the USP21/YY1/SNHG16/miR-4500 axis may be a potential therapeutic target in NSCLC treatment. Therapies targeting a molecular feedback loop involved in tumor growth may prove valuable for treating non-small-cell lung cancer. Fangbao Ding, Jianbing Huang, and co-workers at Shanghai Jiao Tong University in Shanghai, China, have shown how an enzyme called USP21 promotes cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth in non-small-cell lung cancer. The team took cancerous and non-cancerous lung tissue samples from 42 patients, and analyzed the expression and behavior of USP21. The enzyme was highly expressed in cancerous tissues, where it stabilized a known gene with the potential to cause cancer called YY1. This gene also regulated the expression of a particular RNA molecule, which in turn worked to increase levels of USP21. This cyclical process encouraged the proliferation, migration and invasion of non-small-cell lung cancer cells, and may provide a future therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibo Xiao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianyong Jiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Bi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyan Jiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Ju Mei
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangbao Ding
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianbing Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China.
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Sarvagalla S, Kolapalli SP, Vallabhapurapu S. The Two Sides of YY1 in Cancer: A Friend and a Foe. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1230. [PMID: 31824839 PMCID: PMC6879672 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Yin Yang 1 (YY1), a dual function transcription factor, is known to regulate transcriptional activation and repression of many genes associated with multiple cellular processes including cellular differentiation, DNA repair, autophagy, cell survival vs. apoptosis, and cell division. Owing to its role in processes that upon deregulation are linked to malignant transformation, YY1 has been implicated as a major driver of many cancers. While a large body of evidence supports the role of YY1 as a tumor promoter, recent reports indicated that YY1 also functions as a tumor suppressor. The mechanism by which YY1 brings out opposing outcome in tumor growth vs. suppression is not completely clear and some of the recent reports have provided significant insight into this. Likewise, the mechanism by which YY1 functions both as a transcriptional activator and repressor is not completely clear. It is likely that the proteins with which YY1 interacts might determine its function as an activator or repressor of transcription as well as its role as a tumor suppressor or promoter. Hence, a collection of YY1-protein interactions in the context of different cancers would help us gain an insight into how YY1 promotes or suppresses cancers. This review focuses on the YY1 interacting partners and its target genes in different cancer models. Finally, we discuss the possibility of therapeutically targeting the YY1 in cancers where it functions as a tumor promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sailu Sarvagalla
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Tirupati, India
| | | | - Sivakumar Vallabhapurapu
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Tirupati, India
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Characterization of HMGB1/2 Interactome in Prostate Cancer by Yeast Two Hybrid Approach: Potential Pathobiological Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111729. [PMID: 31694235 PMCID: PMC6895793 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box B (HMGB) proteins are pivotal in the development of cancer. Although the proteomics of prostate cancer (PCa) cells has been reported, the involvement of HMGB proteins and their interactome in PCa is an unexplored field of considerable interest. We describe herein the results of the first HMGB1/HMGB2 interactome approach to PCa. Libraries constructed from the PCa cell line, PC-3, and from patients’ PCa primary tumor have been screened by the yeast 2-hybrid approach (Y2H) using HMGB1 and HMGB2 baits. Functional significance of this PCa HMGB interactome has been validated through expression and prognosis data available on public databases. Copy number alterations (CNA) affecting these newly described HMGB interactome components are more frequent in the most aggressive forms of PCa: those of neuroendocrine origin or castration-resistant PCa. Concordantly, adenocarcinoma PCa samples showing CNA in these genes are also associated with the worse prognosis. These findings open the way to their potential use as discriminatory biomarkers between high and low risk patients. Gene expression of a selected set of these interactome components has been analyzed by qPCR after HMGB1 and HMGB2 silencing. The data show that HMGB1 and HMGB2 control the expression of several of their interactome partners, which might contribute to the orchestrated action of these proteins in PCa
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Liang F, Fu X, Wang L. miR-5590-3p-YY1 feedback loop promotes the proliferation and migration of triple-negative breast cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:18415-18424. [PMID: 31190375 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lacking of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is a significant reason for the poor prognosis of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been discovered to engage in the tumorigenesis and development of TNBC. miR-5590-3p has been found to be involved in the development of gastric cancer, but its role and underlying mechanism in TNBC remain obscure. In this study, it was discovered that miR-5590-3p was downregulated in TNBC tissues and cells. Function assays confirmed that miR-5590-3p overexpression inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process as well as promoted cell apoptosis in TNBC. Moreover, YY1 could bind with the promoter of miR-5590-3p and overexpression of YY1 inhibited the transcription of miR-5590-3p. It was found that YY1 acted as a downstream target gene to bind with miR-5590-3p and was negatively regulated by miR-5590-3p. Finally, it was discovered that overexpression of YY1 could partially rescue the miR-5590-3p overexpression-mediated inhibitive effect on TNBC progression. Taken together these results, it can be concluded that miR-5590-3p-YY1 feedback loop promoted the proliferation and migration of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liang
- Department of Anaesthesia, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Department of Anaesthesia, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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