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Zhang Z, Yang Z, Wang S, Wang X, Mao J. Decoding ferroptosis: Revealing the hidden assassin behind cardiovascular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116761. [PMID: 38788596 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of regulatory cell death processes has driven innovation in cardiovascular disease (CVD) therapeutic strategies. Over the past decade, ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by excessive lipid peroxidation, has been shown to drive the development of multiple CVDs. This review provides insights into the evolution of the concept of ferroptosis, the similarities and differences with traditional modes of programmed cell death (e.g., apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis), as well as the core regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis (including cystine/glutamate transporter blockade, imbalance of iron metabolism, and lipid peroxidation). In addition, it provides not only a detailed review of the role of ferroptosis and its therapeutic potential in widely studied CVDs such as coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, and aortic aneurysm but also an overview of the phenomenon and therapeutic perspectives of ferroptosis in lesser-addressed CVDs such as cardiac valvulopathy, pulmonary hypertension, and sickle cell disease. This article aims to integrate this knowledge to provide a comprehensive view of ferroptosis in a wide range of CVDs and to drive innovation and progress in therapeutic strategies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Xianliang Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China.
| | - Jingyuan Mao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China.
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Ahmadi Badi S, Malek A, Seyedi SA, Bereimipour A, Irian S, Shojaie S, Sohouli MH, Rohani P, Masotti A, Khatami S, Siadat SD. Direct and macrophage stimulation mediated effects of active, inactive, and cell-free supernatant forms of Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium duncaniae on hepcidin gene expression in HepG2 cells. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:287. [PMID: 38833010 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Hepcidin is a crucial regulator of iron homeostasis with protective effects on liver fibrosis. Additionally, gut microbiota can also affect liver fibrosis and iron metabolism. Although the hepatoprotective potential of Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium duncaniae, formerly known as F. prausnitzii, has been reported, however, their effects on hepcidin expression remain unknown. We investigated the direct and macrophage stimulation-mediated effects of active, heat-inactivated, and cell-free supernatant (CFS) forms of A. muciniphila and F. duncaniae on hepcidin expression in HepG2 cells by RT-qPCR analysis. Following stimulation of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) -differentiated THP-1 cells with A. muciniphila and F. duncaniae, IL-6 concentration was assessed via ELISA. Additionally, the resulting supernatant was treated with HepG2 cells to evaluate the effect of macrophage stimulation on hepcidin gene expression. The expression of genes mediating iron absorption and export was also examined in HepG2 and Caco-2 cells via RT-qPCR. All forms of F. duncaniae increased hepcidin expression while active and heat-inactivated/CFS forms of A. muciniphila upregulated and downregulated its expression, respectively. Active, heat-inactivated, and CFS forms of A. muciniphila and F. duncaniae upregulated hepcidin expression, consistent with the elevation of IL-6 released from THP-1-stimulated cells as a macrophage stimulation effect in HepG2 cells. A. muciniphila and F. duncaniae in active, inactive, and CFS forms altered the expression of hepatocyte and intestinal iron-mediated absorption /exporter genes, namely dcytb and dmt1, and fpn in HepG2 and Caco-2 cells, respectively. In conclusion, A. muciniphila and F. duncaniae affect not only directly but also through macrophage stimulation the expression of hepcidin gene in HepG2 cells. These findings underscore the potential of A. muciniphila and F. duncaniae as a potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis by modulating hepcidin and intestinal and hepatocyte iron metabolism mediated gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ahmadi Badi
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Malek
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Bereimipour
- Department of Biological Sciences and BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76203, USA
| | - Saeed Irian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Shojaie
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Sohouli
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pejman Rohani
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Shohreh Khatami
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Li B, Lu M, Wang H, Sheng S, Guo S, Li J, Tian Y. Macrophage Ferroptosis Promotes MMP2/9 Overexpression Induced by Hemin in Hemorrhagic Plaque. Thromb Haemost 2024; 124:568-580. [PMID: 37696298 DOI: 10.1055/a-2173-3602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intra-plaque hemorrhage (IPH) leads to rapid plaque progression and instability through upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and collagen degradation. Hemoglobin-derived hemin during IPH promotes plaque instability. We investigated whether hemin affects MMP overexpression in macrophages and explored the underlying mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS In vivo, hemorrhagic plaque models were established in rabbits and ApoE-/- mice. Ferrostatin-1 was used to inhibit ferroptosis. Plaque size, collagen, and MMP2/9 levels were evaluated using immunohistochemistry, H&E, Sirius Red, and Masson staining. In vitro, mouse peritoneal macrophages were extracted. Western blot and ELISA were used to measure MMP2/9 levels. Bioinformatics analysis investigated the association between MMPs and ferroptosis pathway genes. Macrophage ferroptosis was assessed by evaluating cell viability, lipid reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial ultrastructure, iron content, and COX2 levels after pretreatment with cell death inhibitors. Hemin's impact on ferroptosis and MMP expression was studied using Ferrostatin-1 and SB202190. RESULTS In the rabbit hemorrhagic plaques, hemin deposition and overexpression of MMP2/9 were observed, particularly in macrophage-enriched regions. In vitro, hemin induced ferroptosis and MMP2/9 expression in macrophages. Ferrostatin-1 and SB202190 inhibited hemin-induced MMP2/9 overexpression. Ferrostatin-1 inhibited p38 phosphorylation in macrophages. Ferostatin-1 inhibits macrophage ferroptosis, reduces MMP2/9 levels in plaques, and stabilizes the hemorrhagic plaques. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that hemin-induced macrophage ferroptosis promotes p38 pathway activation and MMP2/9 overexpression, which may play a crucial role in increasing hemorrhagic plaque vulnerability. These findings provide insights into the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic plaques and suggest that targeting macrophage ferroptosis may be a promising strategy for stabilizing vulnerable plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bicheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Minqiao Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Siqi Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Shuyuan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
- Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, P. R. China
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Long D, Mao C, Huang Y, Xu Y, Zhu Y. Ferroptosis in ulcerative colitis: Potential mechanisms and promising therapeutic targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116722. [PMID: 38729051 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a complex immune-mediated chronic inflammatory bowel disease. It is mainly characterized by diffuse inflammation of the colonic and rectal mucosa with barrier function impairment. Identifying new biomarkers for the development of more effective UC therapies remains a pressing task for current research. Ferroptosis is a newly identified form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. As research deepens, ferroptosis has been demonstrated to be involved in the pathological processes of numerous diseases. A growing body of evidence suggests that the pathogenesis of UC is associated with ferroptosis, and the regulation of ferroptosis provides new opportunities for UC treatment. However, the specific mechanisms by which ferroptosis participates in the development of UC remain to be more fully and thoroughly investigated. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the research advances in the mechanism of ferroptosis in recent years and describe the potential role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of UC. In addition, we explore the underlying role of the crosslinked pathway between ferroptosis and other mechanisms such as macrophages, neutrophils, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and gut microbiota in UC. Finally, we also summarize the potential compounds that may act as ferroptosis inhibitors in UC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chenhan Mao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingtao Huang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yin Xu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Ying Zhu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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El-Gohary RM, Okasha AH, Abd El-Azeem AH, Abdel Ghafar MT, Ibrahim S, Hegab II, Farghal EE, Shalaby SAF, Elshora OA, ElMehy AE, Barakat AN, Amer BS, Sobeeh FG, AboEl-Magd GH, Ghalwash AA. Uncovering the Cardioprotective Potential of Diacerein in Doxorubicin Cardiotoxicity: Mitigating Ferritinophagy-Mediated Ferroptosis via Upregulating NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 Axis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:493. [PMID: 38671940 PMCID: PMC11047461 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) is a life-threatening clinical issue with limited preventive approaches, posing a substantial challenge to cancer survivors. The anthraquinone diacerein (DCN) exhibits significant anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and antioxidant actions. Its beneficial effects on DIC have yet to be clarified. Therefore, this study investigated DCN's cardioprotective potency and its conceivable molecular targets against DIC. Twenty-eight Wister rats were assigned to CON, DOX, DCN-L/DOX, and DCN-H/DOX groups. Serum cardiac damage indices, iron assay, oxidative stress, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, ferritinophagy, and ferroptosis-related biomarkers were estimated. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) DNA-binding activity and phospho-p53 immunoreactivity were assessed. DCN administration effectively ameliorated DOX-induced cardiac cytomorphological abnormalities. Additionally, DCN profoundly combated the DOX-induced labile iron pool expansion alongside its consequent lethal lipid peroxide overproduction, whereas it counteracted ferritinophagy and enhanced iron storage. Indeed, DCN valuably reinforced the cardiomyocytes' resistance to ferroptosis, mainly by restoring the NRF2/solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signaling axis. Furthermore, DCN abrogated the cardiac oxidative damage, inflammatory response, ER stress, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis elicited by DOX. In conclusion, for the first time, our findings validated DCN's cardioprotective potency against DIC based on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-ferroptotic, and anti-apoptotic imprint, chiefly mediated by the NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis. Accordingly, DCN could represent a promising therapeutic avenue for patients under DOX-dependent chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab M. El-Gohary
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; (A.H.O.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Asmaa H. Okasha
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; (A.H.O.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Alaa H. Abd El-Azeem
- Medical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt;
| | - Muhammad T. Abdel Ghafar
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; (E.E.F.); (O.A.E.)
| | - Sarah Ibrahim
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt;
| | - Islam I. Hegab
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt;
- Department of Bio-Physiology, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah 22413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman E. Farghal
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; (E.E.F.); (O.A.E.)
| | | | - Ola A. Elshora
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; (E.E.F.); (O.A.E.)
| | - Aisha E. ElMehy
- Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; (A.E.E.); (F.G.S.)
| | - Amany Nagy Barakat
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt;
| | - Basma Saed Amer
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt;
| | - Fatma G. Sobeeh
- Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; (A.E.E.); (F.G.S.)
| | - Gehan H. AboEl-Magd
- Chest Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt;
| | - Asmaa A. Ghalwash
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; (A.H.O.); (A.A.G.)
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Yuan XM, Sultana N, Ghosh-Laskar M, Li W. Elevated Hepcidin Expression in Human Carotid Atheroma: Sex-Specific Differences and Associations with Plaque Vulnerability. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1706. [PMID: 38338987 PMCID: PMC10855936 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepcidin is upregulated by increased body iron stores and inflammatory cytokines. It is associated with cardiovascular events, arterial stiffness, and increased iron accumulation in human atheroma with hemorrhage. However, it is unknown whether the expression of hepcidin in human carotid plaques is related to plaque severity and whether hepcidin expression differs between men and women. Carotid samples from 58 patients (38 males and 20 females) were immunostained with hepcidin, macrophages, ferritin, and transferrin receptor. Immunocytochemistry of hepcidin was performed on THP-1 macrophages exposed to iron or 7betahydroxycholesterol. Hepcidin expression significantly increases with the progression of human atherosclerotic plaques. Plaques of male patients have significantly higher levels of hepcidin. Expressions of hepcidin are significantly correlated with the accumulation of CD68-positive macrophages and transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and apoptosis. In vitro, hepcidin is significantly increased in macrophages exposed to iron and moderately increased following 7-oxysterol treatment. In the cultured cells, suppression of hepcidin protected against macrophage cell death, lysosomal membrane permeabilization, and oxidative stress. Hepcidin may play a crucial role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The differential expression of hepcidin in male and female patients and its significant correlations with plaque severity, highlight the potential of hepcidin as a biomarker for risk stratification and therapeutic targeting in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ming Yuan
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Nargis Sultana
- Laboratory Medicine, Linköping University Hospital, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden;
| | | | - Wei Li
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Linköping, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
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Shi Y, Zhang H, Li S, Xin D, Li S, Yan B, Wang S, Liu C. Procyanidin improves experimental colitis by regulating macrophage polarization. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115076. [PMID: 37478578 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease with an unclear pathogenesis for which successful treatments are still lacking. It has been reported that procyanidin, a natural antioxidant, relieves colitis, but the specific mechanism is elusive. PURPOSE Our present study was designed to investigate the effects of procyanidin on colitis and the regulation of the M1 macrophage phenotype and related signaling pathways. METHODS In vivo, we used two classic colitis models to observe the effect of procyanidin on macrophage polarization. In vitro, we further validated the therapeutic effect of procyanidin in the RAW264.7 cell line and peritoneal macrophages. RESULTS The current findings provide new evidence that procyanidin ameliorated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis by preventing the polarization of macrophages to the M1 type and downregulating the levels of proinflammatory factors in cells. We also showed that procyanidin prevented lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced elevation of inflammatory cytokines and the activation of proinflammatory macrophages, which was achieved by activating the STAT3 and NF-κB pathways. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to demonstrate that procyanidin alleviates experimental colitis by inhibiting the polarization of proinflammatory macrophages. These data reveal new ideas for the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Shi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Danqing Xin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Shiyang Li
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China
| | - Bing Yan
- Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Shuanglian Wang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China.
| | - Chuanyong Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China; Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China.
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary solid malignant tumour of bone, with rapid progression and a very poor prognosis. Iron is an essential nutrient that makes it an important player in cellular activities due to its inherent ability to exchange electrons, and its metabolic abnormalities are associated with a variety of diseases. The body tightly regulates iron content at the systemic and cellular levels through various mechanisms to prevent iron deficiency and overload from damaging the body. OS cells regulate various mechanisms to increase the intracellular iron concentration to accelerate proliferation, and some studies have revealed the hidden link between iron metabolism and the occurrence and development of OS. This article briefly describes the process of normal iron metabolism, and focuses on the research progress of abnormal iron metabolism in OS from the systemic and cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Nanli, Panjiayuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12 Health Road, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiazheng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12 Health Road, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Helin Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Nanli, Panjiayuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China.
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Yang Y, Wang Y, Guo L, Gao W, Tang TL, Yan M. Interaction between macrophages and ferroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:355. [PMID: 35429990 PMCID: PMC9013379 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04775-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Ferroptosis, a newly discovered iron-dependent cell death pathway, is characterized by lipid peroxidation and GSH depletion mediated by iron metabolism and is morphologically, biologically and genetically different from other programmed cell deaths. Besides, ferroptosis is usually found accompanied by inflammatory reactions. So far, it has been found participating in the development of many kinds of diseases. Macrophages are a group of immune cells that widely exist in our body for host defense and play an important role in tissue homeostasis by mediating inflammation and regulating iron, lipid and amino acid metabolisms through their unique functions like phagocytosis and efferocytosis, cytokines secretion and ROS production under different polarization. According to these common points in ferroptosis characteristics and macrophages functions, it’s obvious that there must be relationship between macrophages and ferroptosis. Therefore, our review aims at revealing the interaction between macrophages and ferroptosis concerning three metabolisms and integrating the application of certain relationship in curing diseases, mostly cancer. Finally, we also provide inspirations for further studies in therapy for some diseases by targeting certain resident macrophages in distinct tissues to regulate ferroptosis. Facts Ferroptosis is considered as a newly discovered form characterized by its nonapoptotic and iron-dependent lipid hydroperoxide, concerning iron, lipid and amino acid metabolisms. Ferroptosis has been widely found playing a crucial part in various diseases, including hepatic diseases, neurological diseases, cancer, etc. Macrophages are phagocytic immune cells, widely existing and owning various functions such as phagocytosis and efferocytosis, cytokines secretion and ROS production. Macrophages are proved to participate in mediating metabolisms and initiating immune reactions to maintain balance in our body. Recent studies try to treat cancer by altering macrophages’ polarization which damages tumor microenvironment and induces ferroptosis of cancer cells.
Open questions How do macrophages regulate ferroptosis of other tissue cells specifically? Can we use the interaction between macrophages and ferroptosis in treating diseases other than cancer? What can we do to treat diseases related to ferroptosis by targeting macrophages? Is the use of the relationship between macrophages and ferroptosis more effective than other therapies when treating diseases?
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting-Li Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Miao Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Yan M, Li L, Wang Q, Shao X, Luo Q, Liu S, Li Y, Wang D, Zhang Y, Diao H, Rong X, Guo J. The Chinese herbal medicine Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy by alleviating cardiac lipotoxicity-induced oxidative stress and NLRP3-dependent inflammasome activation. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 148:112709. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Shi Y, Li S, Zhang H, Zhu J, Che T, Yan B, Li J, Liu C. The effect of macrophage polarization on the expression of the oxytocin signalling system in enteric neurons. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:261. [PMID: 34749758 PMCID: PMC8573870 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02313-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of macrophage polarization on the expression of oxytocin (OT) and the oxytocin receptor (OTR) in enteric neurons. METHODS In this study, we used a classic colitis model and D-mannose model to observe the correlation between macrophage polarization and OT signalling system. In order to further demonstrate the effect of macrophages, we examined the expression of OT signalling system after depletion of macrophages. RESULTS The data showed that, in vitro, following polarization of macrophages to the M1 type by LPS, the macrophage supernatant contained proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) that inhibited the expression of OT and OTR in cultured enteric neurons; following macrophage polarization to the M2 type by IL4, the macrophage supernatant contained anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-β) that promoted the expression of OT and OTR in cultured enteric neurons. Furthermore, M1 macrophages decreased the expression of the OT signalling system mainly through STAT3/NF-κB pathways in cultured enteric neurons; M2 macrophages increased the expression of the OT signalling system mainly through activation of Smad2/3 and inhibition of the expression of Peg3 in cultured enteric neurons. In a colitis model, we demonstrated that macrophages were polarized to the M1 type during the inflammatory phase, with significant decreased in the expression of OT and OTR. When macrophages were polarized to the M2 type during the recovery phase, OT and OTR expression increased significantly. In addition, we found that D-mannose increased the expression of OT and OTR through polarization of macrophages to the M2 type. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to demonstrate that macrophage polarization differentially regulates the expression of OT and OTR in enteric neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Shi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchun Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongtong Che
- School of Biological Science and Technology, Jinan University, 336 Nanxinzhuang Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yan
- Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanyong Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China. .,Provincial Key Lab of Mental Disorders, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Wan Q, Yang M, Liu Z, Wu J. Ambient fine particulate matter aggravates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice by iron overload via the hepcidin-ferroportin axis. Life Sci 2021; 264:118715. [PMID: 33160991 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is correlated to atherosclerosis, but the mechanism remains largely undefined. Iron overload is a significant contributor to atherosclerosis, and iron homeostasis is highly regulated by the hepcidin-ferroportin (FPN) axis. Here we aimed to investigate the association between iron overload and PM2.5-induced atherosclerotic mice. MAIN METHODS Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice were randomly assigned to filtered air (FA group) or PM2.5 (PM2.5 group) for 3-month inhalation. Daily PM2.5 mass concentrations, serum levels of ferritin, iron, pro-atherosclerotic cytokines and lipid profiles, atherosclerotic lesion areas, hepcidin, FPN and iron depositions in atherosclerotic lesions, hepcidin, FPN mRNA and protein expressions in the aorta were detected, respectively. KEY FINDINGS The daily average concentration of atmospheric PM2.5 was 68.2 ± 21.8 μg/m3. Serum levels of ferritin, iron, VEGF, MCP-1, IL-6, TNF-α, TC and LDL-C, atherosclerotic lesion areas, hepcidin and iron depositions in atherosclerotic lesions, hepcidin mRNA and protein expressions in the PM2.5 group were observably higher than those in the FA group. Nevertheless, FPN deposition in atherosclerotic lesions, FPN mRNA and protein expressions in the aorta of the PM2.5 group were markedly lower than those of the FA group. SIGNIFICANCE PM2.5 inhalation could exacerbate the formation and development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice, the potential mechanisms may be partly associated with iron overload via the hepcidin-FPN axis, as well as iron-triggered systemic inflammation and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wan
- Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China; Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Ming Yang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Zhongyong Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jianguang Wu
- Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
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13
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Noonan J, Bobik A, Peter K. The tandem stenosis mouse model: Towards understanding, imaging, and preventing atherosclerotic plaque instability and rupture. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 179:979-997. [PMID: 33368184 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The rupture of unstable atherosclerotic plaques is the major cause of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Despite significant limitations in our understanding and ability to identify unstable plaque pathology and prevent plaque rupture, most atherosclerosis research utilises preclinical animal models exhibiting stable atherosclerosis. Here, we introduce the tandem stenosis (TS) mouse model that reflects plaque instability and rupture, as seen in patients. The TS model involves dual ligation of the right carotid artery, leading to locally predefined unstable atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolaemic mice. It exhibits key characteristics of human unstable plaques, including plaque rupture, luminal thrombosis, intraplaque haemorrhage, large necrotic cores, thin or ruptured fibrous caps and extensive immune cell accumulation. Altogether, the TS model represents an ideal preclinical tool for improving our understanding of human plaque instability and rupture, for the development of imaging technologies to identify unstable plaques, and for the development and testing of plaque-stabilising treatments for the prevention of atherosclerotic plaque rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Noonan
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex Bobik
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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张 磊, 王 亿, 金 华, 王 东, 魏 玲, 任 克, 茅 燕. [Effect of Qingshen Granules on inflammation/hepcidin axis and iron metabolism in patients with renal anemia: a single-center, randomized controlled trial]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:1155-1159. [PMID: 31801712 PMCID: PMC6867959 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.10.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Qingshen Granules on renal anemia in patients with damp-heat syndrome and explore the mechanisms in light of inflammation/hepcidin axis and iron metabolism. METHODS Sixty patients with renal anemia and dampness-heat syndrome were randomized into control group (n=30) and treatment group (n=30). All the patients were given routine treatment, and the patients in the treatment group received additional treatment with Qingshen Granules (3 times a day). After 12 weeks of treatments, the patients were examined for changes in the integral value of TCM syndrome, serum creatinine (Scr), glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), red blood cell (RBC) count, interleukin-6 (IL-6), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ferritin, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), serum iron (SI), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation (TAST), soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and ferritin levels. RESULTS After the treatment, the scores of TCM syndrome were significantly improved in the treatment group and were better than those in the control group (P=0.000). Scr and eGFR were improved in both groups after the treatment. The levels of HGB, HCT and RBC were all improved in the two groups after treatment, and the improvements were more obvious in the treatment group (P=0.002, 0.002, and 0.017, respectively). The levels of IL-6, hs-CRP, hepcidine and GDF-15 were all lowered in the two groups after the treatment, and they were all significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (all P=0.000). The treatments increased the levels of SI and TAST in both of the groups, and compared with those in control group, the levels of TIBC, sTfR and ferritin were significantly lowered in the treatment group after the 12-week treatment (P=0.000). CONCLUSIONS Qingshen granules can effectively improve renal anemia in patients with damp-heat syndrome possibly by improving iron metabolism through alleviation of inflammation and reduction of hepcidine level.
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Affiliation(s)
- 磊 张
- 安徽中医药大学 研究生院,安徽 合肥 230031Graduated School of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽中医药大学 第一附属医院肾病科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 亿平 王
- 安徽中医药大学 第一附属医院肾病科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 华 金
- 安徽中医药大学 第一附属医院肾病科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 东 王
- 安徽中医药大学 第一附属医院肾病科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 玲 魏
- 安徽中医药大学 第一附属医院肾病科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 克军 任
- 安徽中医药大学 第一附属医院肾病科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 燕萍 茅
- 安徽中医药大学 第一附属医院肾病科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
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