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Nguyen Huu T, Park J, Zhang Y, Duong Thanh H, Park I, Choi JM, Yoon HJ, Park SC, Woo HA, Lee SR. The Role of Oxidative Inactivation of Phosphatase PTEN and TCPTP in Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010120. [PMID: 36670982 PMCID: PMC9854873 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Despite the different etiologies, their spectra and histological feature are similar, from simple steatosis to more advanced stages such as steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Studies including peroxiredoxin knockout models revealed that oxidative stress is crucial in these diseases, which present as consequences of redox imbalance. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are a superfamily of enzymes that are major targets of reactive oxygen species (ROS) because of an oxidation-susceptible nucleophilic cysteine in their active site. Herein, we review the oxidative inactivation of two tumor suppressor PTPs, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TCPTP), and their contribution to the pathogenicity of ALD and NAFLD, respectively. This review might provide a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of these diseases and help develop new therapeutic strategies to treat fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thang Nguyen Huu
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58 128, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hien Duong Thanh
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58 128, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Iha Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Myung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- The Future Life and Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ae Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Rock Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-61-379-2775; Fax: +82-61-379-2782
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Tan S, Bai J, Xu M, Zhang L, Wang Y. Thioredoxin-1 Activation by Pterostilbene Protects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Hepatotoxicity via Inhibiting the NLRP3 Inflammasome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:841330. [PMID: 35496300 PMCID: PMC9043100 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.841330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) has been widely used in cancer treatment. However, DOX can cause a range of significant side effects, of which hepatotoxicity is a common one, and therefore limits its clinical use. Pterostilbene (PTS) has been shown to exhibit anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in the treatment of liver diseases but whether PTS could protect against hepatotoxicity in DOX-treated mice is unknown. Methods: In our study, we use C57/BL6J mice and the HepG2 cell line. We divided the mice in 4 groups: the control, the PTS treatment, the DOX treatment, and the DOX + PTS treatment group. Liver histopathology was judged by performing hematoxylin–eosin and Masson staining. Immunohistochemistry was used to perform the expression of NLRP3. The levels of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were evaluated. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and DCFH-DA staining were used to evaluate the oxidative injury. Western blot and real-time PCR were applied to evaluate the expressions of proteins and mRNA. MTT was used to evaluate DOX-induced cell injury and the protective effects of PTS. Recombinant Trx-1 was used to analyze the mechanism of PTS. A TUNEL assay was used to detect apoptosis in DOX-induced HepG2 cells and the protective effects of PTS. Results: PTS ameliorated DOX-induced liver pathological changes and the levels of AST and ALT. PTS also decreased the level of MDA, increased the level of SOD, GSH, and the expression of Trx-1 in DOX-treated mice. PTS decreased the levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β mRNA and the expressions of their proteins in DOX-treated mice. In addition, PTS also decreased the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3 and BAX and increased the expression of BCL-2. In vitro, after treatment with recombinant Trx-1, ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome were both decreased. Treatment with PTS could rescue the downregulation of Trx-1, decreased the ROS level and the NLRP3 inflammasome, and protected HepG2 cells against DOX-induced apoptosis. Conclusion: The results show that PTS exhibits protective effects against DOX-induced liver injuries via suppression of oxidative stress, fibrosis, NLRP3 inflammasome stimulation, and cell apoptosis which might lead to a new approach of preventing DOX-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Tan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mingxi Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Longying Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Longying Zhang, ; Ying Wang,
| | - Ying Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Longying Zhang, ; Ying Wang,
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Liu Y, Xue N, Zhang B, Lv H, Li S. Role of Thioredoxin-1 and its inducers in human health and diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 919:174756. [PMID: 35032486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) is a small redox-active protein normally found in mammalian cells that responds to the changing redox environment by contributing electrons or regulating related proteins. There is growing evidence that Trx-1 has multiple functions, including cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. To date, researchers have found that Trx-1 deficiency leads to severe damage in various disease models, such as atherosclerosis, cerebral ischemia, diabetes and tumors. Conversely, activation of Trx-1 has a protective effect against these diseases. Accordingly, a variety of Trx-1 inducers have been widely used in the clinic with significant therapeutic value. In this paper, we summarize the pathogenesis of Trx-1 involvement in the above-mentioned diseases and describe the protective effects of Trx-1 inducers on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Bayi, China
| | - Nianyu Xue
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Bayi, China
| | - Boxi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Bayi, China
| | - Hongming Lv
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Bayi, China.
| | - Shize Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Bayi, China.
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Chen W, Wang S, Xing D. New Horizons for the Roles and Association of APE1/Ref-1 and ABCA1 in Atherosclerosis. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5251-5271. [PMID: 34703267 PMCID: PMC8526300 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s330147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death worldwide. APE1/Ref-1 and ABCA1 play key roles in the progression of atherosclerosis. APE1/Ref-1 suppresses atherosclerosis via multiple mechanisms, including reducing the IL-6-, TNF-α-, and IL-1β-mediated proinflammatory responses, suppressing ROS-mediated oxidant activity and Bax/Bcl-2-mediated vascular calcification and apoptosis, and reducing LOX-1-mediated cholesterol uptake. However, APE1/Ref-1 also promotes atherosclerosis by increasing the activity of the NK-κB and S1PR1 pathways. APE1/Ref-1 localizes to the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria and can be secreted from the cell. APE1/Ref-1 localization is dynamically regulated by the disease state and may be responsible for its proatherogenic and antiatherogenic effects. ABCA1 promotes cholesterol efflux and anti-inflammatory responses by binding to apoA-I and regulates apoptotic cell clearance and HSPC proliferation to protect against inflammatory responses. Interestingly, in addition to mediating these functions, ABCA1 promotes the secretion of acetylated APE1/Ref-1 (AcAPE1/Ref-1), a therapeutic target, which protects against atherosclerosis development. The APE1/Ref-1 inhibitor APX3330 is being evaluated in a phase II clinical trial. The LXR agonist LXR-623 (WAY-252623) is an agonist of ABCA1 and the first LXR-targeting compound to be evaluated in clinical trials. In this article, we review the roles of ABCA1 and APE1/Ref-1 in atherosclerosis and focus on new insights into the ABCA1-APE1/Ref-1 axis and its potential as a novel therapeutic target in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Chen
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Medical Imaging, Radiotherapy Department of Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
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Chatterji A, Banerjee D, Billiar TR, Sengupta R. Understanding the role of S-nitrosylation/nitrosative stress in inflammation and the role of cellular denitrosylases in inflammation modulation: Implications in health and diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:604-621. [PMID: 34245859 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
S-nitrosylation is a very fundamental post-translational modification of protein and non-protein thiols due the involvement of it in a variety of cellular processes including activation/inhibition of several ion channels such as ryanodine receptor in the cardiovascular system; blood vessel dilation; cGMP signaling and neurotransmission. S-nitrosothiol homeostasis in the cell is tightly regulated and perturbations in homeostasis result in an altered redox state leading to a plethora of disease conditions. However, the exact role of S-nitrosylated proteins and nitrosative stress metabolites in inflammation and in inflammation modulation is not well-reviewed. The cell utilizes its intricate defense mechanisms i.e. cellular denitrosylases such as Thioredoxin (Trx) and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) systems to combat nitric oxide (NO) pathology which has also gained current attraction as novel anti-inflammatory molecules. This review attempts to provide state-of-the-art knowledge from past and present research on the mechanistic role of nitrosative stress intermediates (RNS, OONO-, PSNO) in pulmonary and autoimmune diseases and how cellular denitrosylases particularly GSNOR and Trx via imparting opposing effects can modulate and reduce inflammation in several health and disease conditions. This review would also bring into notice the existing gaps in current research where denitrosylases can be utilized for ameliorating inflammation that would leave avenues for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajanta Chatterji
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Kolkata, Amity University Kolkata, Action Area II, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700135, India
| | - Debasmita Banerjee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Kalyani, Block C, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 5213, USA
| | - Rajib Sengupta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Kolkata, Amity University Kolkata, Action Area II, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700135, India.
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Huang H, Wang J, Xu L, Miao M, Xu C. Association between High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol to Apolipoprotein A-I Ratio and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Endocrinol 2021; 2021:6676526. [PMID: 34194492 PMCID: PMC8203372 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6676526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to apolipoprotein A-I ratio (HDL-C/apo A-I) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS A total of 9025 Chinese adults were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, who presented their annual health checkups at Zhenhai Lianhua Hospital, Ningbo, during 2017. RESULTS The NAFLD prevalence was 33.7%, and HDL-C/apo A-I was significantly decreased in NAFLD patients, as well as in lean NAFLD and in patients with NAFLD-related advanced fibrosis (all P < 0.001). The prevalence of NAFLD and components of metabolic syndrome are inversely associated with HDL-C/apo A-I (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis show that HDL-C/apo A-I is inversely associated with the risk of NAFLD (odds ratio: 0.353, 95% confidence interval: 0.257-0.486; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that increased HDL-C/apo A-I is significantly associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangkai Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University Ningbo Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Min Miao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zhenhai Lianhua Hospital, Ningbo 315207, China
| | - Chengfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
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Shateri H, Manafi B, Tayebinia H, Karimi J, Khodadadi I. Imbalance in thioredoxin system activates NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in epicardial adipose tissue of patients with coronary artery disease. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1181-1191. [PMID: 33566225 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06208-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death worldwide and has in part an inflammatory basis. Since epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is in close contact with coronary arteries we hypothesized that an imbalance in thioredoxin-1 (TRX-1) and thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) in EAT, activates NLRP3 inflammasome and promotes production of IL-1β, leading to the development of atherosclerosis. Thirty-eight patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and thirty patients with no clinical signs of atherosclerosis who underwent open-heart surgery for valve replacement were classified as CAD and control groups, respectively. Biopsy samples from EAT were collected and expression of TXNIP, TRX-1, NLRP3 and IL-1β genes were assessed using qRT-PCR. Tissue protein levels of TXNIP and TRX-1 were determined by Western blotting while ELISA was applied to measure IL-1β. Haematoxylin and eosin staining was used for histological examination. mRNA and protein levels of TXNIP in EAT were significantly higher in patients with CAD compared with control group, whereas CAD patients showed lower TRX-1 gene and protein expression. In addition, in CAD patients the NLRP3 gene expression was almost doubled and IL-1β significantly increased at the both mRNA and protein levels. Enhancment in NLRP3 gene expression and TXNIP protein levels were accompanied with the increase in IL-1β protein level whereas TRX-1 protein content showed a negative correlation with IL-1β level. Concurrent increase in TXNIP, NLRP3, and IL-1β suggests possible involvement of thioredoxin system in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, production of IL-1β, and the presence of inflammation in CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Shateri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Babak Manafi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Heidar Tayebinia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Jamshid Karimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Khodadadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamadan, Iran.
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Li W, Xu X, Dong D, Lei T, Ou H. Up-regulation of thioredoxin system by puerarin inhibits lipid uptake in macrophages. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:542-554. [PMID: 33242606 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular oxidative stress promotes lipid accumulation in macrophages during atherogenesis. Puerarin is a natural isoflavone with beneficial effects against oxidation and atherosclerosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of puerarin on lipid uptake and explored the underlying molecular regulation. We found puerarin up-regulated thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) and Trx reductase-1 (TrxR1) expression; it increased TrxR1 activity, cellular thiols contents and decreased oxidized form of Trx1, thus inhibiting cellular ROS generation. Confocal microscope and flow cytometry analysis showed fluorescence labeled Dil-oxLDL uptake was dramatically inhibited by puerarin in RAW264.7 cells as well as in primary bone marrow derived macrophages and peritoneal macrophages. The effects were reversed when Trx1 was inhibited by treatment with Trx1 inhibitor PX-12 or Trx1 siRNA. We also found scavenger receptors such as SR-A and Lox-1, but not CD36 were involved in the Trx1-mediated lipid uptake inhibition. Moreover, measurements of foam cell accumulation and ROS production in sections of aortic roots showed those were reduced by puerarin but raised when additional treatment with PX-12 or Trx1 siRNA in apoE-/- mice, which demonstrates the lipid uptake reduction by puerarin requires Trx1 inhibition in vivo. In addition, we analyzed the upstream regulation and found puerarin induced Nrf2 activity; cooperation between Nrf2 and ATF4 facilitated the puerarin effects. PERK phosphorylation was detected to be increased by puerarin, while PERK inhibition reduced cellular Trx1, TrxR1, nuclear Nrf2 and ATF4. Altogether, puerarin modulates PERK/Nrf2 that coordinates with ATF4 to active Trx1, which causes SR-A and Lox-1 reduction and lipid uptake inhibition in macrophages. This suggests Trx1 could be an effective target by puerarin in the prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Doudou Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Tingwen Lei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Hailong Ou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, PR China.
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