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Oberholster L, Mathias A, Perriot S, Blaser E, Canales M, Jones S, Culebras L, Gimenez M, Kaynor GC, Sapozhnik A, Richetin K, Goelz S, Du Pasquier R. Comprehensive proteomic analysis of JC polyomavirus-infected human astrocytes and their extracellular vesicles. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0275123. [PMID: 37815349 PMCID: PMC10714778 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02751-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is a crimpling demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by JC polyomavirus (JCPyV). Much about JCPyV propagation in the brain remains obscure because of a lack of proper animal models to study the virus in the context of the disease, thus hampering efforts toward the development of new antiviral strategies. Here, having established a robust and representative model of JCPyV infection in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived astrocytes, we are able to fully characterize the effect of JCPyV on the biology of the cells and show that the proteomic signature observed for JCPyV-infected astrocytes is extended to extracellular vesicles (EVs). These data suggest that astrocyte-derived EVs found in body fluids might serve as a rich source of information relevant to JCPyV infection in the brain, opening avenues toward better understanding the pathogenesis of the virus and, ultimately, the identification of new antiviral targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larise Oberholster
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Centre, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amandine Mathias
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Centre, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Perriot
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Centre, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emma Blaser
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Centre, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu Canales
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Centre, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Jones
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Centre, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Culebras
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Centre, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Gimenez
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Centre, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Alexey Sapozhnik
- Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering (LUMES), Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Richetin
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Susan Goelz
- MS&SI, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Renaud Du Pasquier
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Centre, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Lauver MD, Lukacher AE. JCPyV VP1 Mutations in Progressive MultifocalLeukoencephalopathy: Altering Tropismor Mediating Immune Evasion? Viruses 2020; 12:v12101156. [PMID: 33053912 PMCID: PMC7600905 DOI: 10.3390/v12101156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyomaviruses are ubiquitous human pathogens that cause lifelong, asymptomatic infections in healthy individuals. Although these viruses are restrained by an intact immune system, immunocompromised individuals are at risk for developing severe diseases driven by resurgent viral replication. In particular, loss of immune control over JC polyomavirus can lead to the development of the demyelinating brain disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Viral isolates from PML patients frequently carry point mutations in the major capsid protein, VP1, which mediates virion binding to cellular glycan receptors. Because polyomaviruses are non-enveloped, VP1 is also the target of the host's neutralizing antibody response. Thus, VP1 mutations could affect tropism and/or recognition by polyomavirus-specific antibodies. How these mutations predispose susceptible individuals to PML and other JCPyV-associated CNS diseases remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we review the current understanding of polyomavirus capsid mutations and their effects on viral tropism, immune evasion, and virulence.
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