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Cao L, Li J, Parakhonskiy B, Skirtach AG. Intestinal-specific oral delivery of lactoferrin with alginate-based composite and hybrid CaCO 3-hydrogel beads. Food Chem 2024; 451:139205. [PMID: 38653102 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Sodium alginate hydrogel beads and sodium alginate/gellan gum composite hydrogel beads crosslinked by calcium chloride were prepared with different alginate concentrations (3-20 mg·mL-1). Additionally, a simple method for growing CaCO3in situ on the hydrogel to create novel inorganic-organic hybrid hydrogel beads was presented. FT-IR analysis revealed the involvement of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions in bead formation. Swelling behavior in acidic conditions showed a maximum of 13 g/g for composite hydrogels and CaCO3-incorporated hybrid hydrogels. Lactoferrin encapsulation efficiency within these hydrogels ranged from 44.9 to 56.6%. In vitro release experiments demonstrated that these hydrogel beads withstand harsh gastric environments with <16% cumulative release of lactoferrin, achieving controlled release in intestinal surroundings. While composite sodium alginate/gellan gum beads exhibited slower gastrointestinal lactoferrin digestion, facile synthesis and pH responsiveness of CaCO3-incorporated hybrid hydrogel also provide new possibilities for future studies to construct a novel inorganic-organic synergetic system for intestinal-specific oral delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cao
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
| | - Jie Li
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium; Global Institute of Future Technology (GIFT), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bogdan Parakhonskiy
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
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Bodelon C, Gierach GL, Hatch EE, Riseberg E, Hutchinson A, Yeager M, Sandler DP, Taylor JA, Hoover RN, Xu Z, Titus L, Palmer JR, Troisi R. In utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol and blood DNA methylation in adult women: Results from a meta-analysis of two cohort studies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:115990. [PMID: 37149030 PMCID: PMC10442904 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) is associated with several adverse health outcomes. Animal studies have shown associations between prenatal DES exposure and DNA methylation. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore blood DNA methylation in women exposed and unexposed to DES in utero. METHODS Sixty women (40 exposed and 20 unexposed) in the National Cancer Institute's Combined DES Cohort Study and 199 women (99 exposed and 100 unexposed women) in the Sister Study Cohort were included in this analysis. Within each study, robust linear regression models were used to assess associations between DES exposure and blood DNA methylation. Study-specific associations were combined using fixed-effect meta-analysis with inverse variance weights. Our analysis focused on CpG sites located within nine candidate genes identified in animal models. We further explored whether in utero DES exposure was associated with age acceleration. RESULTS Blood DNA methylation levels at 10 CpG sites in six of the nine candidate genes were statistically significantly associated with prenatal DES exposure (P < 0.05) in this meta-analysis. Genes included EGF, EMB, EGFR, WNT11, FOS, and TGFB1, which are related to cell proliferation and differentiation. The most statistically significant CpG site was cg19830739 in gene EGF, and it was associated with lower methylation levels in women prenatally exposed to DES compared with those not exposed (P < 0.0001; false discovery rate<0.05). The association between prenatal DES exposure in utero and age acceleration was not statistically significant (P = 0.07 for meta-analyzed results). CONCLUSIONS There are few opportunities to investigate the effects of prenatal DES exposure. These findings suggest that in utero DES exposure may be associated with differential blood DNA methylation levels, which could mediate the increased risk of several adverse health outcomes observed in exposed women. Our findings need further evaluation using larger data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Bodelon
- Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Gretchen L Gierach
- Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Hatch
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Riseberg
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy Hutchinson
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jack A Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Epigenetic and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Robert N Hoover
- Trans-Divisional Research Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zongli Xu
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Linda Titus
- Public Health, Muskie School of Public Service, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca Troisi
- Trans-Divisional Research Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Nakamura M, Shiga A, Iimori A, Matsuzaki T. Efficient endocytosis of the human lactoferrin N-lobe enhances its antiproliferative activity against human cancer cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2023. [PMID: 37088555 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Human lactoferrin (hLF) is a glycosylated globular iron-binding protein with high functional versatility that elicits anticancer, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects. Some of the diverse functions of hLF are induced after its internalization into various cells via cell surface endocytosis receptors, such as proteoglycans, which contain glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains. We have previously demonstrated that an hLF derivative comprising the N-terminal half of hLF (referred to as the N-lobe) is internalized by intestinal enterocyte Caco-2 cells. However, the relationship between the intracellular uptake of the N-lobe and its pharmacological activity remains poorly understood. Here, we report that the N-lobe is efficiently internalized by lung cancer cells via endocytic pathways, suppressing their proliferation. Moreover, the N-lobe showed higher intracellular uptake than hLF. We found that the N-lobe was internalized into the human lung cancer cell lines PC-14 and PC-3 via clathrin- and/or caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Intracellular uptake of the N-lobe was inhibited when an equimolar concentration of chondroitin sulfate (CS)-E, a GAG subtype involved in malignant transformation and tumor metastasis, was added. The inhibitory effect of the N-lobe on PC-14 cell proliferation decreased with the addition of CS-E in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that the CS-recognizing sequence on the N-lobe is necessary for its internalization or that the CS proteoglycan on cancer cells acts as an endocytosis receptor. These results suggest that the efficient endocytic uptake of the N-lobe is important for its antiproliferation effects on lung cancer cell lines. Thus, the N-lobe presents a promising drug candidate for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Nakamura
- Department of Peptidomics, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology
| | - Akira Shiga
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology
| | - Ami Iimori
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology
| | - Takumi Matsuzaki
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology
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Oberčkal J, Liaqat H, Matijašić BB, Rozman V, Treven P. Quantification of lactoferrin in human milk using monolithic cation exchange HPLC. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1214:123548. [PMID: 36476358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Human lactoferrin (hLF) is one of the most important whey proteins in human milk, known for its ability to modulate innate host immunity and multifunctional activities for neonatal growth. The objective of this study was to validate an efficient method for the detection and quantification of hLF using a unique technology of cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on CIM® monolithic columns. Human milk samples were collected using manual expression or a breast pump, at different weeks of lactation. After sample preparation, hLF was detected and measured by HPLC method and further confirmed by SDS-PAGE. Selected fractions were analysed also by LC-MS/MS. Presumably, due to the high density of positive charge on the surface of the N-terminal domain, hLF binds strongly to the column and elutes last, enabling the high specificity of this method. The LC-MS/MS analysis indicated that hLF eluted in two clearly separated peaks, presumably representing two different molecular species of hLF. hLF concentration in the human milk samples ranged from 2.03 mg/mL to 5.79 mg/mL and was not significantly affected by the sample collection method whereas it was negatively correlated with the stage of lactation. These results suggest that cation exchange chromatography is an accurate, efficient, and robust method for the detection and quantification of hLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jernej Oberčkal
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230 Domžale, Slovenia.
| | - Humna Liaqat
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230 Domžale, Slovenia.
| | - Bojana Bogovič Matijašić
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230 Domžale, Slovenia.
| | - Vita Rozman
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230 Domžale, Slovenia.
| | - Primož Treven
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230 Domžale, Slovenia.
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Chondroitin sulfate E alleviates β-amyloid toxicity in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans by inhibiting its aggregation. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1280-1287. [PMID: 35461860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate E (CS-E), which is characterized by oversulfated disaccharide units, has been shown to regulate neuronal adhesion, neurite outgrowth and exert neuroprotective effects. In view of these findings, here we investigated the anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) activities of CSE by using transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model of Alzheimer's disease. The behavioral experiments demonstrated that CSE at the concentration of 1 mg/ml significantly delayed the worm paralysis caused by Aβ aggregation as compared with control group. Western blot analysis revealed that the level of small oligomers in the transgenic C. elegans was significantly reduced upon treatment with CSE. The number of Aβ plaque deposits in transgenic worm was significantly decreased. In addition, CSE also protected the worms from oxidative stress and rescued chemotaxis dysfunction in transgenic strain CL2355. Taken together, these data suggested that CSE could protect against Aβ-induced toxicity in C. elegans. These results offer valuable evidence for the future use of CSE in the development of agents for the treatment of AD.
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