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Zhang FL, Li DQ. Targeting Chromatin-Remodeling Factors in Cancer Cells: Promising Molecules in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12815. [PMID: 36361605 PMCID: PMC9655648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes can reorganize and remodel chromatin and thereby act as important regulator in various cellular processes. Based on considerable studies over the past two decades, it has been confirmed that the abnormal function of chromatin remodeling plays a pivotal role in genome reprogramming for oncogenesis in cancer development and/or resistance to cancer therapy. Recently, exciting progress has been made in the identification of genetic alteration in the genes encoding the chromatin-remodeling complexes associated with tumorigenesis, as well as in our understanding of chromatin-remodeling mechanisms in cancer biology. Here, we present preclinical evidence explaining the signaling mechanisms involving the chromatin-remodeling misregulation-induced cancer cellular processes, including DNA damage signaling, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune signaling, etc. However, even though the cumulative evidence in this field provides promising emerging molecules for therapeutic explorations in cancer, more research is needed to assess the clinical roles of these genetic cancer targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Lin Zhang
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Da-Qiang Li
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Muñoz Velasco R, Jiménez Sánchez P, García García A, Blanco Martinez-Illescas R, Pastor Senovilla Á, Lozano Yagüe M, Trento A, García-Martin RM, Navarro D, Sainz B, Rodríguez Peralto JL, Sánchez-Arévalo Lobo VJ. Targeting BPTF Sensitizes Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Chemotherapy by Repressing ABC-Transporters and Impairing Multidrug Resistance (MDR). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061518. [PMID: 35326669 PMCID: PMC8946837 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a devastating disease and an extremely chemoresistant tumour. In the present manuscript, we described the role of BPTF during tumour pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression and in response to gemcitabine treatment, a gold standard treatment in this tumour type. Through different genetic approaches, we reduced BPTF levels in a panel of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines. We validated its therapeutic effect in cell cultures and in mouse models of pancreatic cancer. A reduction in BPTF levels impaired cell proliferation and sensitized pancreatic tumour cells to gemcitabine. We demonstrated that BPTF-silencing reduced the expression of several ABC-transporters, which are involved in gemcitabine resistance, and enhanced its accumulation in the tumour cell, improving its therapeutic effect. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is characterized by an extremely poor prognosis due to its late diagnosis and strong chemoresistance to the current treatments. Therefore, finding new therapeutic targets is an urgent need nowadays. In this study, we report the role of the chromatin remodeler BPTF (Bromodomain PHD Finger Transcription Factor) as a therapeutic target in PDA. BPTF-silencing dramatically reduced cell proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo in human and mouse PDA cell lines. Moreover, BPTF-silencing reduces the IC50 of gemcitabine in vitro and enhanced its therapeutic effect in vivo. Mechanistically, BPTF is required for c-MYC recruitment to the promoter of ABC-transporters and its downregulation facilitates gemcitabine accumulation in tumour cells, increases DNA damage, and a generates a strong synergistic effect in vivo. We show that BPTF is a therapeutic target in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma due to its strong effect on proliferation and in response to gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Muñoz Velasco
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biosanitary Research Institute, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University (UFV), 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.V.); (P.J.S.); (A.G.G.); (R.B.M.-I.); (Á.P.S.); (M.L.Y.)
- Pathology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.); (R.M.G.-M.); (J.L.R.P.)
| | - Paula Jiménez Sánchez
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biosanitary Research Institute, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University (UFV), 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.V.); (P.J.S.); (A.G.G.); (R.B.M.-I.); (Á.P.S.); (M.L.Y.)
- Pathology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.); (R.M.G.-M.); (J.L.R.P.)
| | - Ana García García
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biosanitary Research Institute, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University (UFV), 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.V.); (P.J.S.); (A.G.G.); (R.B.M.-I.); (Á.P.S.); (M.L.Y.)
- Pathology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.); (R.M.G.-M.); (J.L.R.P.)
| | - Raquel Blanco Martinez-Illescas
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biosanitary Research Institute, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University (UFV), 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.V.); (P.J.S.); (A.G.G.); (R.B.M.-I.); (Á.P.S.); (M.L.Y.)
- Pathology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.); (R.M.G.-M.); (J.L.R.P.)
| | - Ángela Pastor Senovilla
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biosanitary Research Institute, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University (UFV), 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.V.); (P.J.S.); (A.G.G.); (R.B.M.-I.); (Á.P.S.); (M.L.Y.)
- Pathology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.); (R.M.G.-M.); (J.L.R.P.)
| | - Marian Lozano Yagüe
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biosanitary Research Institute, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University (UFV), 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.V.); (P.J.S.); (A.G.G.); (R.B.M.-I.); (Á.P.S.); (M.L.Y.)
- Pathology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.); (R.M.G.-M.); (J.L.R.P.)
| | - Alfonsina Trento
- Pathology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.); (R.M.G.-M.); (J.L.R.P.)
| | - Rosa María García-Martin
- Pathology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.); (R.M.G.-M.); (J.L.R.P.)
| | - Diego Navarro
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.N.); (B.S.J.)
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.N.); (B.S.J.)
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Cáncer, CIBERONC, ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Rodríguez Peralto
- Pathology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.); (R.M.G.-M.); (J.L.R.P.)
| | - Víctor Javier Sánchez-Arévalo Lobo
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biosanitary Research Institute, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University (UFV), 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.V.); (P.J.S.); (A.G.G.); (R.B.M.-I.); (Á.P.S.); (M.L.Y.)
- Pathology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.); (R.M.G.-M.); (J.L.R.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Zahid H, Buchholz CR, Singh M, Ciccone MF, Chan A, Nithianantham S, Shi K, Aihara H, Fischer M, Schönbrunn E, Dos Santos CO, Landry JW, Pomerantz WCK. New Design Rules for Developing Potent Cell-Active Inhibitors of the Nucleosome Remodeling Factor (NURF) via BPTF Bromodomain Inhibition. J Med Chem 2021; 64:13902-13917. [PMID: 34515477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The nucleosome remodeling factor (NURF) alters chromatin accessibility through interactions with its largest subunit,the bromodomain PHD finger transcription factor BPTF. BPTF is overexpressed in several cancers and is an emerging anticancer target. Targeting the BPTF bromodomain presents a potential strategy for its inhibition and the evaluation of its functional significance; however, inhibitor development for BPTF has lagged behind those of other bromodomains. Here we describe the development of pyridazinone-based BPTF inhibitors. The lead compound, BZ1, possesses a high potency (Kd = 6.3 nM) and >350-fold selectivity over BET bromodomains. We identify an acidic triad in the binding pocket to guide future designs. We show that our inhibitors sensitize 4T1 breast cancer cells to doxorubicin but not BPTF knockdown cells, suggesting a specificity to BPTF. Given the high potency and good physicochemical properties of these inhibitors, we anticipate that they will be useful starting points for chemical tool development to explore the biological roles of BPTF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Zahid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Caroline R Buchholz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 308 Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Manjulata Singh
- The Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Michael F Ciccone
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, United States
| | - Alice Chan
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Stanley Nithianantham
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics and Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Ke Shi
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Hideki Aihara
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Marcus Fischer
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics and Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Ernst Schönbrunn
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Camila O Dos Santos
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, United States
| | - Joseph W Landry
- The Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - William C K Pomerantz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 308 Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in the Regulation of the Proto-Oncogene MYC in Different Types of Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080921. [PMID: 34440124 PMCID: PMC8389562 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the expression level of the MYC gene are often found in the cells of various malignant tumors. Overexpressed MYC has been shown to stimulate the main processes of oncogenesis: uncontrolled growth, unlimited cell divisions, avoidance of apoptosis and immune response, changes in cellular metabolism, genomic instability, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Thus, controlling the expression of MYC is considered as an approach for targeted cancer treatment. Since c-Myc is also a crucial regulator of many cellular processes in healthy cells, it is necessary to find ways for selective regulation of MYC expression in tumor cells. Many recent studies have demonstrated that non-coding RNAs play an important role in the regulation of the transcription and translation of this gene and some RNAs directly interact with the c-Myc protein, affecting its stability. In this review, we summarize current data on the regulation of MYC by various non-coding RNAs that can potentially be targeted in specific tumor types.
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Mélin L, Calosing C, Kharenko OA, Hansen HC, Gagnon A. Synthesis of NVS-BPTF-1 and evaluation of its biological activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 47:128208. [PMID: 34146702 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BPTF (bromodomain and PHD finger containing transcription factor) is a multidomain protein that plays essential roles in transcriptional regulation, T-cell homeostasis and stem cell pluripotency. As part of the chromatin remodeling complex hNURF (nucleosome remodeling factor), BPTF epigenetic reader subunits are particularly important for BPTF cellular function. Here we report the synthesis of NVS-BPTF-1, a previously reported highly potent and selective BPTF-bromodomain inhibitor. Evaluation of the impact of the inhibition of BPTF-bromodomain using NVS-BPTF-1 on selected proteins involved in the antigen processing pathway revealed that exclusively targeting BPTF-bromodomain is insufficient to observe an increase of PSMB8, PSMB9, TAP1 and TAP2 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Mélin
- Département de chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Cyrus Calosing
- Zenith Epigenetics Ltd, Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6L1, Canada
| | - Olesya A Kharenko
- Zenith Epigenetics Ltd, Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6L1, Canada
| | - Henrik C Hansen
- Zenith Epigenetics Ltd, Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6L1, Canada
| | - Alexandre Gagnon
- Département de chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada.
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