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Liu J, Li N, Wei C, Han F, Deng M, Ma J, Zou X, Zhou Y, Yang R, Yuan H. GHS-R1a deficiency protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced spatial memory impairment in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 727:150270. [PMID: 38917617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation has been implicated in cognitive deficits of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. There is abundant evidence that the application of ghrelin, an orexigenic hormone regulating appetite and energy balance, abrogates neuroinflammation and rescues associated memory impairment. However, the underlying mechanism is uncertain. In this study, we find that both intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) impairs spatial memory in mice. LPS treatment causes neuroinflammation and microglial activation in the hippocampus. Ghsr1a deletion suppresses LPS-induced microglial activation and neuroinflammation, and rescued LPS-induced memory impairment. Our findings thus suggest that GHS-R1a signaling may promote microglial immunoactivation and contribute to LPS-induced neuroinflammation. GHS-R1a may be a new therapeutic target for cognitive dysfunction associated with inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junru Liu
- Department of Neurology, School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group)Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China
| | - Na Li
- Institute of Brain Sciences and Related Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Department of Medicine, Qingdao Binhai University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266555, China
| | - Chuang Wei
- Institute of Brain Sciences and Related Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Fubing Han
- Institute of Brain Sciences and Related Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Mingru Deng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group)Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China; Institute of Brain Sciences and Related Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Jialin Ma
- Institute of Brain Sciences and Related Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Xueying Zou
- Institute of Brain Sciences and Related Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group)Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China; Institute of Brain Sciences and Related Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Affiliated Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
| | - Rong Yang
- Affiliated Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
| | - Haicheng Yuan
- Department of Neurology, School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group)Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China.
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Ma Y, Zhang H, Guo W, Yu L. Potential role of ghrelin in the regulation of inflammation. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22508. [PMID: 35983825 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200634r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Several diseases are caused or progress due to inflammation. In the past few years, accumulating evidence suggests that ghrelin, a gastric hormone of 28-amino acid residue length, exerts protective effects against inflammation by modulating the related pathways. This review focuses on ghrelin's anti-inflammatory and potential therapeutic effects in neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatic, gastrointestinal, and kidney disorders. Ghrelin significantly alleviates excessive inflammation and reduces damage to different target organs mainly by reducing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways. Ghrelin also regulates inflammation and apoptosis through the p38 MAPK/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway; restores cerebral microvascular integrity, and attenuates vascular leakage. Ghrelin activates the phosphoInositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway and inhibits inflammatory responses in cardiovascular diseases and acute kidney injury. Some studies show that ghrelin exacerbates colonic and intestinal manifestations of colitis. Interestingly, some inflammatory states, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, inflammatory bowel diseases, and chronic kidney disease, are often associated with high ghrelin levels. Thus, ghrelin may be a potential new therapeutic target for inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Department of Interventional Therapy of First Hospital of Jilin University, State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Department of Interventional Therapy of First Hospital of Jilin University, State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weiying Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Department of Interventional Therapy of First Hospital of Jilin University, State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Department of Interventional Therapy of First Hospital of Jilin University, State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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