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Kadry MO, Ali HM. Impact of HIF1-α/TGF-β/Smad-2/Bax/Bcl2 pathways on cobalt chloride-induced cardiac and hepatorenal dysfunction. Future Sci OA 2023; 9:FSO874. [PMID: 37621844 PMCID: PMC10445593 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) is a ferromagnetic ubiquitous trace element extensively dispersed in the environment. Nevertheless, it may merit human hazard. Aim Excess cobalt can harm vital organs this paves the way to elucidate the toxic impact of CoCl2 on the liver, kidney and heart. Method CoCl2 was injected in a dose of (60 mg/kg, S.C.) proceeded via Carnosine (200 mg/kg) and/or Arginine (200 mg/kg) treatment 1 month, 24 and 1 h, prior to CoCl2-intoxication. Results CoCl2 significantly alleviated hemoglobin concentration and BCl2; meanwhile, protein expression of transforming growth factor (TGF-β), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), Mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad-2), AKT protein expression and Bax/Bcl2 ratio was noticeably elevated. Conclusion The combination of the aforementioned antioxidants exerted a synergistic anti-apoptotic impact in all target tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai O Kadry
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Egypt
| | - Hanaa Mahmoud Ali
- Department of Genetics & Cytology, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Egypt
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Zhang W, Han B, Zhang H, Fu R, Lu Y, Zhang G. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of cortical neurons reveals dysregulated lipid metabolism, enhanced glycolysis and activated HIF-1 signaling pathways in acute hypoxia. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14949. [PMID: 37025787 PMCID: PMC10070144 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain is the main oxygen-consuming organ and is vulnerable to ischemic shock or insufficient blood perfusion. Brain hypoxia has a persistent and detrimental effect on resident neurons. Previous studies have identified alterations in genes and metabolites in ischemic brain shock by single omics, but the adaptive systems that neurons use to cope with hypoxia remain uncovered. In the present study, we constructed an acute hypoxia model and performed a multi-omics analysis from RNA-sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics on exploring potentially differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and metabolites (DEMs) in primary cortical neurons under severe acute hypoxic conditions. The TUNEL assay showed acute hypoxia-induced apoptosis in cortical neurons. Omics analysis identified 564 DEGs and 46 DEMs categorized in the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database. Integrative pathway analysis highlighted that dysregulated lipid metabolism, enhanced glycolysis, and activated HIF-1 signaling pathways could regulate neuron physiology and pathophysiology under hypoxia. These findings may help us understand the transcriptional and metabolic mechanisms by which cortical neurons respond to hypoxia and identify potential targets for neuron protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Bo Han
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Rao Fu
- Department of Neurology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Yinzhong Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
- Corresponding author. Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Xianxia Rd 720, Shanghai 200336, China.
| | - Guangming Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Xianxia Rd 1111, Shanghai 200336, China.
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Jin J, Duan J, Du L, Xing W, Peng X, Zhao Q. Inflammation and immune cell abnormalities in intracranial aneurysm subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH): Relevant signaling pathways and therapeutic strategies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1027756. [PMID: 36505409 PMCID: PMC9727248 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1027756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysm subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a cerebrovascular disorder associated with high overall mortality. Currently, the underlying mechanisms of pathological reaction after aneurysm rupture are still unclear, especially in the immune microenvironment, inflammation, and relevant signaling pathways. SAH-induced immune cell population alteration, immune inflammatory signaling pathway activation, and active substance generation are associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines, immunosuppression, and brain injury. Crosstalk between immune disorders and hyperactivation of inflammatory signals aggravated the devastating consequences of brain injury and cerebral vasospasm and increased the risk of infection. In this review, we discussed the role of inflammation and immune cell responses in the occurrence and development of aneurysm SAH, as well as the most relevant immune inflammatory signaling pathways [PI3K/Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), STAT, SIRT, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), NLRP3, TLR4/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and Keap1/nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/ARE cascades] and biomarkers in aneurysm SAH. In addition, we also summarized potential therapeutic drugs targeting the aneurysm SAH immune inflammatory responses, such as nimodipine, dexmedetomidine (DEX), fingolimod, and genomic variation-related aneurysm prophylactic agent sunitinib. The intervention of immune inflammatory responses and immune microenvironment significantly reduces the secondary brain injury, thereby improving the prognosis of patients admitted to SAH. Future studies should focus on exploring potential immune inflammatory mechanisms and developing additional therapeutic strategies for precise aneurysm SAH immune inflammatory regulation and genomic variants associated with aneurysm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Duan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Leiya Du
- 4Department of Oncology, The Second People Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenli Xing
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Xingchen Peng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Qijie Zhao, ; Xingchen Peng,
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Qijie Zhao, ; Xingchen Peng,
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