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Jeong SK, Han SE, Vasantha-Srinivasan P, Jung WJ, Maung CEH, Kim KY. Agro Active Potential of Bacillus subtilis PE7 against Didymella bryoniae (Auersw.), the Causal Agent of Gummy Stem Blight of Cucumis melo. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1691. [PMID: 39203532 PMCID: PMC11357386 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial agents such as the Bacillus species are recognized for their role as biocontrol agents against various phytopathogens through the production of diverse bioactive compounds. This study evaluates the effectiveness of Bacillus subtilis PE7 in inhibiting the growth of Didymella bryoniae, the pathogen responsible for gummy stem blight (GSB) in cucurbits. Dual culture assays demonstrate significant antifungal activity of strain PE7 against D. bryoniae. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by strain PE7 effectively impede mycelial formation in D. bryoniae, resulting in a high inhibition rate. Light microscopy revealed that D. bryoniae hyphae exposed to VOCs exhibited abnormal morphology, including swelling and excessive branching. Supplementing a potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium with a 30% B. subtilis PE7 culture filtrate significantly decreased mycelial growth. Moreover, combining a 30% culture filtrate with half the recommended concentration of a chemical fungicide yielded a more potent antifungal effect than using the full fungicide concentration alone, inducing dense mycelial formation and irregular hyphal morphology in D. bryoniae. Strain PE7 was highly resilient and was able to survive in fungicide solutions. Additionally, B. subtilis PE7 enhanced the nutrient content, growth, and development of melon plants while mitigating the severity of GSB compared to fungicide and fertilizer treatments. These findings highlight B. subtilis PE7 as a promising biocontrol candidate for integrated disease management in crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Kyoung Jeong
- Department of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (S.K.J.); (W.J.J.)
| | - Seong Eun Han
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Woo Jin Jung
- Department of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (S.K.J.); (W.J.J.)
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chaw Ei Htwe Maung
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kil Yong Kim
- Department of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (S.K.J.); (W.J.J.)
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
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Nzabanita C, Zhang L, Wang Y, Wang S, Guo L. The Wheat Endophyte Epicoccum layuense J4-3 Inhibits Fusarium graminearum and Enhances Plant Growth. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 10:10. [PMID: 38248920 PMCID: PMC10817605 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungal endophytes are well-known for their ability to promote plant growth and hinder fungal diseases, including Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum. This study aimed to characterize the biocontrol efficacy of strain J4-3 isolated from the stem of symptomless wheat collected from Heilongjiang Province, China. It was identified as Epicoccum layuense using morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and beta-tubulin (TUB). In a dual culture assay, strain J4-3 significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of F. graminearum strain PH-1 and other fungal pathogens. In addition, wheat coleoptile tests showed that lesion symptoms caused by F. graminearum were significantly reduced in wheat seedlings treated with hyphal fragment suspensions of strain J4-3 compared to the controls. Under field conditions, applying spore suspensions and culture filtrates of strain J4-3 with conidial suspensions of F. graminearum on wheat spikes resulted in the significant biocontrol efficacy of FHB. In addition, wheat seedlings previously treated with spore suspensions of strain J4-3 before sowing successfully resulted in FHB reduction after the application of conidial suspensions of F. graminearum at anthesis. More importantly, wheat seedlings treated with hyphal fragments and spore suspensions of strain J4-3 showed significant increases in wheat growth compared to the controls under greenhouse and field conditions. Overall, these findings suggest that E. layuense J4-3 could be a promising biocontrol agent (BCA) against F. graminearum, causing FHB and a growth-promoting fungus in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.N.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.); (S.W.)
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Khan S, Srivastava S, Karnwal A, Malik T. Streptomyces as a promising biological control agents for plant pathogens. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1285543. [PMID: 38033592 PMCID: PMC10682734 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1285543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms in agriculture present a considerable obstacle, resulting in approximately 30-40% crop damage. The use of conventional techniques to manage these microorganisms, i.e., applying chemical pesticides and antimicrobials, has been discovered to have adverse effects on human health and the environment. Furthermore, these methods have contributed to the emergence of resistance among phytopathogens. Consequently, it has become imperative to investigate natural alternatives to address this issue. The Streptomyces genus of gram-positive bacteria is a potentially viable natural alternative that has been extensively researched due to its capacity to generate diverse antimicrobial compounds, such as metabolites and organic compounds. Scientists globally use diverse approaches and methodologies to extract new bioactive compounds from these bacteria. The efficacy of bioactive compounds in mitigating various phytopathogens that pose a significant threat to crops and plants has been demonstrated. Hence, the Streptomyces genus exhibits potential as a biological control agent for combating plant pathogens. This review article aims to provide further insight into the Streptomyces genus as a source of antimicrobial compounds that can potentially be a biological control against plant pathogens. The investigation of various bioactive compounds synthesized by this genus can enhance our comprehension of their prospective utilization in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaista Khan
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Seweta Srivastava
- School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Arun Karnwal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Tabarak Malik
- Department of Biomedical sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Harish BN, Nagesha SN, Ramesh BN, Shyamalamma S, Nagaraj MS, Girish HC, Pradeep C, Shiva Kumar KS, Tharun Kumar KS, Pavan SN, Kavan Kumar V. Molecular characterization and antifungal activity of lipopeptides produced from Bacillus subtilis against plant fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:179. [PMID: 37420194 PMCID: PMC10327374 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02922-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 380 host plant species have been known to develop leaf spots as a result of the fungus Alternaria alternata. It is an aspiring pathogen that affects a variety of hosts and causes rots, blights, and leaf spots on different plant sections. In this investigation, the lipopeptides from the B. subtilis strains T3, T4, T5, and T6 were evaluated for their antifungal activities. In the genomic DNA, iturin, surfactin, and fengycin genes were found recovered from B. subtilis bacterium by PCR amplification. From different B. subtilis strains, antifungal Lipopeptides were extracted, identified by HPLC, and quantified with values for T3 (24 g/ml), T4 (32 g/ml), T5 (28 g/ml), and T6 (18 g/ml). To test the antifungal activity, the isolated lipopeptides from the B. subtilis T3, T4, T5, and T6 strains were applied to Alternaria alternata at a concentration of 10 g/ml. Lipopeptides were found to suppress Alternaria alternata at rates of T3 (75.14%), T4 (75.93%), T5 (80.40%), and T6 (85.88%). The T6 strain outperformed the other three by having the highest antifungal activity against Alternaria alternata (85.88%).
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Affiliation(s)
- B N Harish
- University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - S N Nagesha
- University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 560065, India.
| | - B N Ramesh
- ICAR-AICRP on Post Harvest Technology, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru, 560065, India
| | - S Shyamalamma
- University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - M S Nagaraj
- University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - H C Girish
- University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - C Pradeep
- University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | | | | | - S N Pavan
- University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - V Kavan Kumar
- College of Technology and Engineering, MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India
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Priya B, Utreja D, Kalia A. Schiff Bases of Indole-3-Carbaldehyde: Synthesis and Evaluation as Antimicrobial Agents. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022060188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Control of the bacterial soft rot pathogen, Pectobacterium carotovorum by Bacillus velezensis CE 100 in cucumber. Microb Pathog 2022; 173:105807. [PMID: 36183955 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pectobacterium carotovorum is a problematic bacterial pathogen causing soft rot in different vegetable crops, resulting in yield losses during pre- and post-harvest periods. In this study, Bacillus velezensis CE 100 showed antibacterial activity against P. carotovorum. Co-inoculation experiment indicated that B. velezensis CE 100 reduced the proliferation rate of P. carotovorum at the early incubation period and that a long incubation time induced a loss of viability of the bacterial pathogen. Agar well diffusion assay revealed that the culture filtrate of strain CE 100 affected the growth of P. carotovorum in a dose-dependent pattern. In time-kill assay, inoculation of P. carotovorum with 50% culture filtrate of strain CE 100 resulted in a complete loss of survival at 4 h incubation period. An antibacterial compound isolated from chloroform extract of B. velezensis CE 100 was identified as macrolactin A based on results of 1H and 13C NMR and mass spectrometry. However, time-kill assay showed that purified macrolactin A at a concentration of 200 μg/mL was not highly effective to control the growth of P. carotovorum although reduction in cell number of P. carotovorum was observed. Moreover, in vivo assay revealed that B. velezensis CE 100 effectively controlled bacterial soft rot. As a consequence, it significantly improved cucumber growth. Therefore, B. velezensis CE 100 could be used as an eco-friendly bioagent for effective control of bacterial soft rot to minimize global economic losses in crop production.
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S S, Sharma S, Bairwa A, Tomar M, Kumar R, Bhardwaj V, Jeevalatha A, Bakade R, Salaria N, Thakur K, Singh BP, Chakrabarti SK. Spraying of dsRNA molecules derived from Phytophthora infestans, along with nanoclay carriers as a proof of concept for developing novel protection strategy for potato late blight. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:3183-3192. [PMID: 35478320 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytophthora infestans is a late blight-causing oomycetes pathogen. It rapidly evolves and adapts to the host background and new fungicide molecules within a few years of their release, most likely because of the predominance of transposable elements in its genome. Frequent applications of fungicides cause environmental concerns. Here, we developed target-specific RNA interference (RNAi)-based molecules, along with nanoclay carriers, that when sprayed on plants are capable of effectively reducing late blight infection. RESULTS Targeted the genes unique to sporulation, early satge infection and the metabolism pathway stages based on in an our own microarray data. We used nanoclay as a carrier for sorbitol dehydrogenase, heat shock protein 90, translation elongation factor 1-α, phospholipase-D like 3 and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored acidic serine-threonine-rich HAM34-like protein double-stranded (ds)RNAs, which were assessed by culture bioassay, detached leaf assay and spray methods, and revealed a reduction in growth, sporulation and symptom expression. Plants sprayed with multigene targeted dsRNA-nanoclay showed enhanced disease resistance (4% disease severity) and less sporulation (<1 × 103 ) compared with plants sprayed with dsRNA alone. CONCLUSION The use of nanoclay with multigene targeted dsRNA was assumed to be involved in effective delivery, protection and boosting the action of RNAi as a spray-induced gene silencing approach (SIGS). A significant reduction in growth, sporulation, disease severity and decreased gene expression authenticates the effects of SIGS on late blight progression. This study demonstrated as a proof of concept the dsRNA-nanoclay SIGS approach, which could be used as an alternative to chemical fungicides and transgenic approaches to develop an environmentally friendly novel plant protection strategy for late blight. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaresha S
- Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Sanjeev Sharma
- Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Aarti Bairwa
- Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Maharishi Tomar
- Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
- Plant Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Vinay Bhardwaj
- Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - A Jeevalatha
- Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
- Plant Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spice Research, Kozhikode, India
| | - Rahul Bakade
- Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Neha Salaria
- Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Kajal Thakur
- Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Bir Pal Singh
- Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - S K Chakrabarti
- Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
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de Andrade Lourenço D, Branco I, Choupina A. A systematic review about biological control of phytopathogenic Phytophthora cinnamomi. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9947-9962. [PMID: 35585380 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07547-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The oomycetes of the genus Phytophthora have the most aggressive species for agriculture and forestry, such as Phytophthora sojae which is responsible for soybean root rot, Phytophthora infestans responsible for the potato downy mildew that caused the diaspora in Ireland in the nineteenth-century, and Phytophthora cinnamomi that affects a wide variety of tree species, from avocado in America, trees in Oceania to European chestnut trees. P. cinnamomi reproduces either sexually or asexually and asexual zoospores can live as saprotrophs and subsist in the soil long after death and removal of host plants. Controlling this organism is very challenging for researchers due to the limited range of effective chemical inhibitors. In this work, we present a systematic review of alternatives for biocontrol of Phytophthora in general and P. cinnamomi in particular. Our literature review indicates that Trichoderma spp., mainly Trichoderma harzianum, T. virens, and T. asperellum are very promising fungal species in the control of different Phytophthora spp. The Bacillus genus is also very promising in the control and inhibition of several Phytophthoras spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darling de Andrade Lourenço
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelo's street, 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Iuliia Branco
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Altino Choupina
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal. .,Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO) - Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5301-855, Bragança, Portugal.
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Potentiality of Formulated Bioagents from Lab to Field: A Sustainable Alternative for Minimizing the Use of Chemical Fungicide in Controlling Potato Late Blight. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14084383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Late blight of potato caused by an oomycete, Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) De Bary limits the production of potato worldwide. Late blight management has been based on chemical fungicide application, and the repeated use of these fungicides introduces new and more aggressive genotypes, which can rapidly overcome host resistance. Therefore, innovative and effective control measures are needed if fungicide use is to be reduced or eliminated. Some potential formulated bacterial bioagents viz. Pseudomonas putida (BDISO64RanP) and Bacillus subtilis (BDISO36ThaR), and fungal bioagents viz. Trichoderma paraviridicens (BDISOF67R) and T. erinaceum (BDISOF91R), were evaluated for their performance in controlling late blight of potato under growth chamber and field conditions. Both artificial inoculation and field experiments revealed that eight sprays of these bacterial (P. putida and B. subtilis) and fungal (T. erinaceum) bioagents were found to be most effective at reducing late blight severity by 99% up until 60 days after planting (DAP), whereas these bioagents were found to be partially effective until 70 DAP, reducing late blight severity by 46 to 60% and 58 to 60% in the field and growth chamber conditions, respectively. However, these bioagents can reduce the spray frequencies of Curzate M8 by 50% (four sprays instead of eight) when applied together with this fungicide. Economic analysis revealed that T6 (eight sprays of formulated P. putida + B. subtilis + four sprays of Curzate M8) and T16 (eight sprays of formulated P. putida, B. subtilis, and T. erinaceum + four sprays of Curzate M8) performed better in consecutive two years, applying less fungicidal spray compared to T1 (eight sprays of Curzate M8 (Positive control)), which indicated that the return ranged, by Bangladeshi Currency (Taka), from 0.85 to 0.90 over the investment of Bangladeshi Currency (Taka) 1.00 in these treatments, and these results together highlight the possibility of using bioagents in reducing late blight of potato under a proper warning system to reduce the application frequency of chemical fungicide.
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Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens QSB-6 on the Growth of Replanted Apple Trees and the Soil Microbial Environment. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Apple replant disease (ARD), caused largely by soil-borne fungal pathogens, has seriously hindered the development of the apple industry. The use of antagonistic microorganisms has been confirmed as a low-cost and environmentally friendly means of controlling ARD. In the present study, we assessed the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens QSB-6 on the growth of replanted apple saplings and the soil microbial environment under field conditions, thus providing a theoretical basis for the successful use of microbial biocontrol agents. Four treatments were implemented in three apple orchards: untreated replant soil (CK1), methyl bromide fumigation (CK2), blank carrier treatment (T1), and QSB-6 bacterial fertilizer treatment (T2). The plant height, ground diameter, and branch length of apple saplings treated with T2 in three replanted apple orchards were significantly higher than that of the CK1 treatment. Compared with the other treatments, T2 significantly increased the number of soil bacteria, the proportion of actinomycetes, and the activities of soil enzymes. By contrast, compared with the CK1 treatments, the phenolic acid content, the number of fungi, and the abundance of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium proliferatum, and Fusarium solani in the soil were significantly reduced. PCoA and cluster analysis showed that soil inoculation with strain QSB-6 significantly decreased the Mcintosh and Brillouin index of soil fungi and increased the diversity of soil bacteria in T2 relative to CK1. The soil bacterial community structure in T2 was different from the other treatments, and the soil fungal communities of T2 and CK2 were similar. In summary, QSB-6 bacterial fertilizer shows promise as a potential bio-inoculum for the control of ARD.
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Hashemi M, Tabet D, Sandroni M, Benavent-Celma C, Seematti J, Andersen CB, Grenville-Briggs LJ. The hunt for sustainable biocontrol of oomycete plant pathogens, a case study of Phytophthora infestans. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Xie D, Cai X, Yang C, Xie L, Qin G, Zhang M, Huang Y, Gong G, Chang X, Chen H. Studies on the control effect of Bacillus subtilis on wheat powdery mildew. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:4375-4382. [PMID: 33966348 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat powdery mildew is a worldwide fungal disease and one of the main diseases harming wheat production. Bacillus subtilis is a vital biocontrol bacteria with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. In this study, we systematically studied the control effect of B. subtilis on wheat powdery mildew. RESULTS The control efficiency of 4 × 105 CFU ml-1 B. subtilis on wheat leaves was 71.75% in vitro and 70.31% in a pot experiment. Application of 4 × 105 CFU ml-1 B. subtilis significantly inhibited spore germination (spore germination rate of 22.23%) and increased appressorium deformity (appressorium deformity rate of 69.33%). This was significantly different from the results in the sterile water treatment. Through transcriptome sequencing analysis, we found that differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis and metabolism of amino acids (including phenylalanine), carbon metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway and other pathways. In particular, the plant hormone signal pathway gene nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1 (NPR1) was significantly upregulated. CONCLUSION B. subtilis at concentrations of 4 × 105 CFU ml-1 had a significant control effect on wheat powdery mildew and can inhibit germination of the conidial germ tubes and the normal development of appressorium. B. subtilis may induce disease resistance in wheat to control wheat powdery mildew, and this effect is related to the salicylic acid-dependent signal pathway. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshan Xie
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu TePu Biotech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuewei Cai
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunping Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linjun Xie
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangwei Qin
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Chengdu TePu Biotech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoshu Gong
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Chang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huabao Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Yan H, Qiu Y, Yang S, Wang Y, Wang K, Jiang L, Wang H. Antagonistic Activity of Bacillus velezensis SDTB038 against Phytophthora infestans in Potato. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:1738-1747. [PMID: 33174798 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-20-1666-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Potato late blight is a severe and highly epidemic disease caused by Phytophthora infestans that can affect all parts of the plant. This study mainly screened antagonistic strains for good control of potato late blight and identified strain SDTB038 as Bacillus velezensis according to its morphological and chemical properties and the 16S rRNA, gyrA, and gyrB gene sequences. This antagonistic strain achieved good control of potato late blight in greenhouses and fields and promoted potato plant growth. Two-year field trials (2018 and 2019) showed that B. velezensis SDTB038 can be used to reduce food losses caused by late blight, achieving late blight reductions of 40.79% (2018) and 37.67% (2019). In two-year field trials, the control effects of the highest concentrations of fluopimomide and B. velezensis SDTB038 were better than those of the other treatments. The control effect of 85 g ha-1 fluopimomide and B. velezensis SDTB038 and that of 170 g ha-1 fluopimomide alone showed no significant differences. These field results indicate that a low concentration of fungicide and a high concentration of SDTB038 can be effective in controlling potato late blight. Foliar detection showed that lipopeptides have an inhibitory effect on P. infestans. The amplification of lipopeptide genes revealed surfactin (srfAB and srfAC) and fengycin (fenB) genes in SDTB038, but only surfactin production by B. velezensis SDTB038 was observed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis. Therefore, the strain B. velezensis SDTB038 can produce secondary metabolites that help potato plants resist late blight development, can effectively inhibit the infection of potato leaves by P. infestans, and has potential value for development as a biological pesticide against potato late blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohao Yan
- Department of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Department of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- Department of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Kaiyun Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
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Isolation of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacillus cereus from Soil and Its Use as a Microbial Inoculant. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04895-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Sorokan A, Cherepanova E, Burkhanova G, Veselova S, Rumyantsev S, Alekseev V, Mardanshin I, Sarvarova E, Khairullin R, Benkovskaya G, Maksimov I. Endophytic Bacillus spp. as a Prospective Biological Tool for Control of Viral Diseases and Non-vector Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. in Solanum tuberosum L. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:569457. [PMID: 33178153 PMCID: PMC7593271 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.569457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral diseases and their damage causing significant loss to economically important crops have increased by several folds during the last decade. All the conventional approaches are not able to eradicate the viral infection. Therefore, there is a need to look for efficient and eco-friendly viral disease-preventive measures. The genomic material of the majority of deleterious viruses of higher plants is RNA. One of the possible measures to control viruses is the use of ribonucleases (RNases), which can cleave RNA in the viral genome. Based on this, we investigated the RNase activity of endophytic Bacillus spp., which can enrich in 103–105 colony-forming units per gram of wet mass of aboveground part of potato plants. A high level of RNase activity was observed in the culture medium of Bacillus thuringiensis B-6066, Bacillus sp. STL-7, Bacillus sp. TS2, and Bacillus subtilis 26D. B. thuringiensis B-5351 had low RNase activity but high ability to colonize internal plant tissues, Bacillus sp. STL-7 with high RNase activity have relatively low number of cells in internal tissues of plants. B. thuringiensis B-6066, B. subtilis 26D, and Bacillus sp. TS stimulate RNase activity in potato plants for a long time after application. Strains with high ability to colonize internal plant tissues combined with high RNase activity reduced severity of viral diseases symptoms on plants and reduced the incidence of potato viruses M, S, and Y. It is worth noting that Bacillus spp. under investigation reduced the number of Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. egg clusters and larvae on treated plants and showed antifeedant activity. This results in increase of potato productivity mainly in the fraction of major tubers. B. subtilis 26D and Bacillus sp. TS2 combining endophytic lifestyle, RNase, and antifeedant activity may become the basis for the development of biocontrol agents for plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Sorokan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Plant Immunity, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Cherepanova
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Plant Immunity, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Guzel Burkhanova
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Plant Immunity, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Svetlana Veselova
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Plant Immunity, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Sergey Rumyantsev
- Laboratory of Genomics of Plants, Ufa Federal Research Center, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Valentin Alekseev
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Plant Immunity, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Ildar Mardanshin
- Laboratory of Selection and Seed Production of Potato, Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Elena Sarvarova
- Laboratory of Genomics of Plants, Ufa Federal Research Center, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Ramil Khairullin
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Plant Immunity, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Galina Benkovskaya
- Laboratory of Physiological Genetics, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Igor Maksimov
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Plant Immunity, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
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