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Storkus WJ, Maurer D, Lin Y, Ding F, Bose A, Lowe D, Rose A, DeMark M, Karapetyan L, Taylor JL, Chelvanambi M, Fecek RJ, Filderman JN, Looney TJ, Miller L, Linch E, Lowman GM, Kalinski P, Butterfield LH, Tarhini A, Tawbi H, Kirkwood JM. Dendritic cell vaccines targeting tumor blood vessel antigens in combination with dasatinib induce therapeutic immune responses in patients with checkpoint-refractory advanced melanoma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-003675. [PMID: 34782430 PMCID: PMC8593702 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A first-in-human, randomized pilot phase II clinical trial combining vaccines targeting overexpressed, non-mutated tumor blood vessel antigens (TBVA) and tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib was conducted in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2+ patients with advanced melanoma. Methods Patient monocyte-derived type-1-polarized dendritic cells were loaded with HLA-A2-presented peptides derived from TBVA (DLK1, EphA2, HBB, NRP1, RGS5, TEM1) and injected intradermally as a vaccine into the upper extremities every other week. Patients were randomized into one of two treatment arms receiving oral dasatinib (70 mg two times per day) beginning in week 5 (Arm A) or in week 1 (Arm B). Trial endpoints included T cell response to vaccine peptides (interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot), objective clinical response (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors V.1.1) and exploratory tumor, blood and serum profiling of immune-associated genes/proteins. Results Sixteen patients with advanced-stage cutaneous (n=10), mucosal (n=1) or uveal (n=5) melanoma were accrued, 15 of whom had previously progressed on programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade. Of 13 evaluable patients, 6 patients developed specific peripheral blood T cell responses against ≥3 vaccine-associated peptides, with further evidence of epitope spreading. All six patients with specific CD8+ T cell response to vaccine-targeted antigens exhibited evidence of T cell receptor (TCR) convergence in association with preferred clinical outcomes (four partial response and two stabilization of disease (SD)). Seven patients failed to respond to vaccination (one SD and six progressive disease). Patients in Arm B (immediate dasatinib) outperformed those in Arm A (delayed dasatinib) for immune response rate (IRR; 66.7% vs 28.6%), objective response rate (ORR) (66.7% vs 0%), overall survival (median 15.45 vs 3.47 months; p=0.0086) and progression-free survival (median 7.87 vs 1.97 months; p=0.063). IRR (80% vs 25%) and ORR (60% vs 12.5%) was greater for females versus male patients. Tumors in patients exhibiting response to treatment displayed (1) evidence of innate and adaptive immune-mediated inflammation and TCR convergence at baseline, (2) on-treatment transcriptional changes associated with reduced hypoxia/acidosis/glycolysis, and (3) increased inflammatory immune cell infiltration and tertiary lymphoid structure neogenesis. Conclusions Combined vaccination against TBVA plus dasatinib was safe and resulted in coordinating immunologic and/or objective clinical responses in 6/13 (46%) evaluable patients with melanoma, particularly those initiating treatment with both agents. Trial registration number NCT01876212.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter J Storkus
- Dermatology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Deena Maurer
- Translational and Regulatory Affairs, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yan Lin
- Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fei Ding
- Biostatistics, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anamika Bose
- Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Devin Lowe
- Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, Texas, USA
| | - Amy Rose
- Clinical Research Services, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Melissa DeMark
- Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lilit Karapetyan
- Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer L Taylor
- Dermatology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Manoj Chelvanambi
- Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ronald J Fecek
- Microbiology and Immunology, LECOM, Greensburg, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jessica N Filderman
- Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Lauren Miller
- Molecular Biology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth Linch
- Molecular Biology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - Geoffrey M Lowman
- Molecular Biology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - Pawel Kalinski
- Medical Oncology and Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Lisa H Butterfield
- Research and Development, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, California, USA
- Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ahmad Tarhini
- Cutaneous Oncology and Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Hussein Tawbi
- Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John M Kirkwood
- Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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2
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Jafari D, Mousavi MJ, Keshavarz Shahbaz S, Jafarzadeh L, Tahmasebi S, Spoor J, Esmaeilzadeh A. E3 ubiquitin ligase Casitas B lineage lymphoma-b and its potential therapeutic implications for immunotherapy. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 204:14-31. [PMID: 33306199 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The distinction of self from non-self is crucial to prevent autoreactivity and ensure protection from infectious agents and tumors. Maintaining the balance between immunity and tolerance of immune cells is strongly controlled by several sophisticated regulatory mechanisms of the immune system. Among these, the E3 ligase ubiquitin Casitas B cell lymphoma-b (Cbl-b) is a newly identified component in the ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation system, which is thought to be an important negative regulator of immune cells. An update on the current knowledge and new concepts of the relevant immune homeostasis program co-ordinated by Cbl-b in different cell populations could pave the way for future immunomodulatory therapies of various diseases, such as autoimmune and allergic diseases, infections, cancers and other immunopathological conditions. In the present review, the latest findings are comprehensively summarized on the molecular structural basis of Cbl-b and the suppressive signaling mechanisms of Cbl-b in physiological and pathological immune responses, as well as its emerging potential therapeutic implications for immunotherapy in animal models and human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jafari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Immunotherapy Research and Technology Group, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - M J Mousavi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Keshavarz Shahbaz
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - L Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Tahmasebi
- Department of Immunology, School of public health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - J Spoor
- Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Immunotherapy Research and Technology Group, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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3
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Zhang L, Teng Y, Fan Y, Wang Y, Li W, Shi J, Ma Y, Li C, Shi X, Qu X, Liu Y. The E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b improves the prognosis of RANK positive breast cancer patients by inhibiting RANKL-induced cell migration and metastasis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:22918-33. [PMID: 26087197 PMCID: PMC4673209 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL)/RANK pathway plays an important role in breast cancer progression. Despite the known role of Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (Cbl)-b as an essential regulator of the RANKL/RANK pathway, its effect on RANK pathway in breast cancer remains unclear. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of Cbl-b on the prognosis of RANK-expressing breast cancer patients, as well as on RANKL/RANK pathway. The results showed that RANK and Cbl-b expression was separately detected in 154 (154/300, 51.3%) and 165 (165/300, 55.0%) breast cancer tissue samples. In RANK-expressing breast cancer patients, Cbl-b expression was correlated with low metastasis rate (p = 0.004), better disease-free survival (DFS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) (p = 0.004 and p = 0.036, respectively). In addition, multivariate analysis showed that Cbl-b expression was an independent predictor of DFS (p = 0.038). Animal experiment results demonstrated that silencing Cbl-b expression in breast cancer cells increased the incidence of lung metastasis in nude mice. Further mechanism investigation revealed that Cbl-b down-regulated RANK protein expression and inhibited RANKL-induced breast cancer cell migration by negatively regulating the Src-Akt/ERK pathway. Our results suggest that Cbl-b improves the prognosis of RANK-expressing breast cancer patients by inhibiting RANKL-induced breast cancer cell migration and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuee Teng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yibo Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanju Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ce Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaonan Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiujuan Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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4
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Whetton AD, Azmi NC, Pearson S, Jaworska E, Zhang L, Blance R, Kendall AC, Nicolaou A, Taylor S, Williamson AJ, Pierce A. MPL W515L expression induces TGFβ secretion and leads to an increase in chemokinesis via phosphorylation of THOC5. Oncotarget 2016; 7:10739-55. [PMID: 26919114 PMCID: PMC4905435 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The thrombopoietin receptor (MPL) has been shown to be mutated (MPL W515L) in myelofibrosis and thrombocytosis yet new approaches to treat this disorder are still required. We have previously shown that transcriptome and proteomic effects do not correlate well in oncogene-mediated leukemogenesis. We therefore investigated the effects of MPL W515L using proteomics. The consequences of MPL W515L expression on over 3300 nuclear and 3500 cytoplasmic proteins were assessed using relative quantification mass spectrometry. We demonstrate that MPL W515L expression markedly modulates the CXCL12/CXCR4/CD45 pathway associated with stem and progenitor cell chemotactic movement. We also demonstrated that MPL W515L expressing cells displayed increased chemokinesis which required the MPL W515L-mediated dysregulation of MYC expression via phosphorylation of the RNA transport protein THOC5 on tyrosine 225. In addition MPL W515L expression induced TGFβ secretion which is linked to sphingosine 1-phosphate production and the increased chemokinesis. These studies identify several pathways which offer potential targets for therapeutic intervention in the treatment of MPL W515L-driven malignancy. We validate our approach by showing that CD34+ cells from MPL W515L positive patients display increased chemokinesis and that treatment with a combination of MYC and sphingosine kinase inhibitors leads to the preferential killing of MPL W515L expressing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D. Whetton
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Norhaida Che Azmi
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Stella Pearson
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ewa Jaworska
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rognvald Blance
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alexandra C. Kendall
- Manchester Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anna Nicolaou
- Manchester Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Samuel Taylor
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew J.K. Williamson
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Pierce
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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5
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Rutten MJ, Laraway B, Gregory CR, Xie H, Renken C, Keese C, Gregory KW. Rapid assay of stem cell functionality and potency using electric cell-substrate impedance sensing. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:192. [PMID: 26438432 PMCID: PMC4594964 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0182-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine studies using autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) have shown improved clinical outcomes that correlate to in vitro BM-MNC invasive capacity. The current Boyden-chamber assay for testing invasive capacity is labor-intensive, provides only a single time point, and takes 36 hours to collect data and results, which is not practical from a clinical cell delivery perspective. To develop a rapid, sensitive and reproducible invasion assay, we employed Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) technology. Chemokine-directed BM-MNC cell invasion across a Matrigel-coated Transwell filter was measurable within minutes using the ECIS system we developed. This ECIS-Transwell chamber system provides a rapid and sensitive test of stem and progenitor cell invasive capacity for evaluation of stem cell functionality to provide timely clinical data for selection of patients likely to realize clinical benefit in regenerative medicine treatments. This device could also supply robust unambiguous, reproducible and cost effective data as a potency assay for cell product release and regulatory strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rutten
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, 97239, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Bryan Laraway
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, 97239, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Cynthia R Gregory
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, 97239, Portland, OR, USA. .,VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Road, 97239, Portland, OR, USA. .,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, 97239, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Hua Xie
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, 97239, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Christian Renken
- Applied BioPhysics, Inc., 185 Jordan Road, 12180, Troy, NY, USA.
| | - Charles Keese
- Applied BioPhysics, Inc., 185 Jordan Road, 12180, Troy, NY, USA.
| | - Kenton W Gregory
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, 97239, Portland, OR, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, 97239, Portland, OR, USA.
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6
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Kataoka TR, Kumanogoh A, Fukuishi N, Ueshima C, Hirata M, Moriyoshi K, Tsuruyama T, Haga H. CD72 negatively regulates mouse mast cell functions and down-regulates the expression of KIT and Fc RI. Int Immunol 2014; 27:95-103. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxu087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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7
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Glutathione S-transferase P influences redox and migration pathways in bone marrow. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107478. [PMID: 25216273 PMCID: PMC4162606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To interrogate why redox homeostasis and glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP) are important in regulating bone marrow cell proliferation and migration, we isolated crude bone marrow, lineage negative and bone marrow derived-dendritic cells (BMDDCs) from both wild type (WT) and knockout (Gstp1/p2(-/-)) mice. Comparison of the two strains showed distinct thiol expression patterns. WT had higher baseline and reactive oxygen species-induced levels of S-glutathionylated proteins, some of which (sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2(+)-ATPase) regulate Ca(2+) fluxes and subsequently influence proliferation and migration. Redox status is also a crucial determinant in the regulation of the chemokine system. CXCL12 chemotactic response was stronger in WT cells, with commensurate alterations in plasma membrane polarization/permeability and intracellular calcium fluxes; activities of the downstream kinases, ERK and Akt were also higher in WT. In addition, expression levels of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its associated phosphatase, SHP-2, were higher in WT. Inhibition of CXCR4 or SHP2 decreased the extent of CXCL12-induced migration in WT BMDDCs. The differential surface densities of CXCR4, SHP-2 and inositol trisphosphate receptor in WT and Gstp1/p2(-/-) cells correlated with the differential CXCR4 functional activities, as measured by the extent of chemokine-induced directional migration and differences in intracellular signaling. These observed differences contribute to our understanding of how genetic ablation of GSTP causes different levels of myeloproliferation and migration [corrected]
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8
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Guan S, Guo C, Zingarelli B, Wang L, Halushka PV, Cook JA, Fan H. Combined treatment with a CXCL12 analogue and antibiotics improves survival and neutrophil recruitment and function in murine sepsis. Immunology 2014; 144:405-411. [PMID: 25201453 PMCID: PMC4557677 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that the CXCL12 peptide analogue CTCE-0214 (CTCE) has beneficial effects in experimental sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). We examined the hypothesis that CTCE recruits neutrophils (PMN) to the site of infection, enhances PMN function and improves survival of mice in CLP-induced sepsis with antibiotic treatment. Septic mice (n=15) were administered imipenem (25mg/kg) and CTCE (10 mg/kg) subcutaneously vs. vehicle control at designated intervals post-CLP. CTCE treatment increased PMN recruitment in CLP-induced sepsis as evidenced by increased PMN in blood by 2.4±0.6 fold at 18h, 2.9±0.6 fold at 24h, respectively and in peritoneal fluid by 2.0±0.2 fold at 24h vs. vehicle control. CTCE treatment reduced bacterial invasion in blood (CFU decreased 77±11%), peritoneal fluid (CFU decreased 78±9%) and lung (CFU decreased 79±8% vs. CLP vehicle). The improved PMN recruitment and bacterial clearance correlated with reduced mortality with CTCE treatment (20% vs. 67% vehicle controls). In vitro studies support the notion that CTCE augments PMN function by enhancing phagocytic activity (1.25±0.02 fold), increasing intracellular production of ROS (32±4%) and improving bacterial killing (CFU decreased 27±3%). These composite findings support the hypothesis that specific CXCL12 analogues with ancillary antibiotic treatment are beneficial in experimental sepsis, in part, by augmenting PMN recruitment and function. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Guan
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South CarolinaCharleston, SC, USA
- College of Life Science, Jilin UniversityChangchun, China
| | - Changrun Guo
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South CarolinaCharleston, SC, USA
- College of Life Science, Jilin UniversityChangchun, China
| | - Basilia Zingarelli
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Liping Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin UniversityChangchun, China
| | - Perry V Halushka
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South CarolinaCharleston, SC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of South CarolinaCharleston, SC, USA
| | - James A Cook
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South CarolinaCharleston, SC, USA
| | - Hongkuan Fan
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South CarolinaCharleston, SC, USA
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Abbas W, Herbein G. Plasma membrane signaling in HIV-1 infection. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1838:1132-42. [PMID: 23806647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Plasma membrane is a multifunctional structure that acts as the initial barrier against infection by intracellular pathogens. The productive HIV-1 infection depends upon the initial interaction of virus and host plasma membrane. Immune cells such as CD4+ T cells and macrophages contain essential cell surface receptors and molecules such as CD4, CXCR4, CCR5 and lipid raft components that facilitate HIV-1 entry. From plasma membrane HIV-1 activates signaling pathways that prepare the grounds for viral replication. Through viral proteins HIV-1 hijacks host plasma membrane receptors such as Fas, TNFRs and DR4/DR5, which results in immune evasion and apoptosis both in infected and uninfected bystander cells. These events are hallmark in HIV-1 pathogenesis that leads towards AIDS. The interplay between HIV-1 and plasma membrane signaling has much to offer in terms of viral fitness and pathogenicity, and a better understanding of this interplay may lead to development of new therapeutic approaches. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Viral Membrane Proteins - Channels for Cellular Networking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Abbas
- Department of Virology, EA 4266 "Pathogens & Inflammation", SFR FED4234, University of Franche-Comte, CHRU Besançon, F-25030 Besançon, France.
| | - Georges Herbein
- Department of Virology, EA 4266 "Pathogens & Inflammation", SFR FED4234, University of Franche-Comte, CHRU Besançon, F-25030 Besançon, France.
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10
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Okabe S, Tauchi T, Tanaka Y, Kimura S, Maekawa T, Ohyashiki K. Activity of histone deacetylase inhibitors and an Aurora kinase inhibitor in BCR-ABL-expressing leukemia cells: Combination of HDAC and Aurora inhibitors in BCR-ABL-expressing cells. Cancer Cell Int 2013; 13:32. [PMID: 23556431 PMCID: PMC3635933 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-13-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of imatinib, an ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has led to a dramatic change in the management of BCR-ABL-positive leukemia patients. However, resistance to imatinib mediated by mutations in the BCR-ABL domain has become a major problem in the treatment of these patients. Methods In the present study, we examined the activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in combination with an Aurora kinase inhibitor in BCR-ABL-expressing cells. Results We found the HDAC inhibitors vorinostat and/or pracinostat (SB939) induced apoptosis in BCR-ABL-expressing cells. Additionally, HDAC inhibitors reduced levels of Aurora A and B protein. An Aurora kinase inhibitor, tozasertib (VX-680), inhibited growth, promoted pro-apoptotic activity, reduced the phosphorylation of BCR-ABL and Crk-L, and activated caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in BCR-ABL-positive cells. Moreover, after treatment with tozasertib, HDAC protein expression was decreased. Combination of vorinostat or pracinostat with tozasertib had a synergistic inhibitory effect on the proliferation of T315I cells. Phosphorylation of Crk-L decreased, and PARP activation increased after treatment with vorinostat or pracinostat and tozasertib. Moreover, combination of vorinostat or pracinostat and tozasertib significantly increased the extent of apoptosis in primary chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Conclusions This study demonstrated that combination of HDAC and Aurora inhibitors was highly effective against BCR-ABL-expressing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiichi Okabe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan.
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11
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Badger-Brown KM, Gillis LC, Bailey ML, Penninger JM, Barber DL. CBL-B is required for leukemogenesis mediated by BCR-ABL through negative regulation of bone marrow homing. Leukemia 2012; 27:1146-54. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2012.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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12
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Brennan T, Adapala NS, Barbe MF, Yingling V, Sanjay A. Abrogation of Cbl-PI3K interaction increases bone formation and osteoblast proliferation. Calcif Tissue Int 2011; 89:396-410. [PMID: 21952831 PMCID: PMC3191294 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-011-9531-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cbl is an adaptor protein and E3 ligase that plays both positive and negative roles in several signaling pathways that affect various cellular functions. Tyrosine 737 is unique to Cbl and phosphorylated by Src family kinases. Phosphorylated CblY737 creates a binding site for the p85 regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) that also plays an important role in the regulation of bone homeostasis. To investigate the role of Cbl-PI3K interaction in bone homeostasis, we examined knock-in mice in which the PI3K binding site on Cbl was ablated due to the substitution of tyrosine 737 to phenylalanine (Cbl(YF/YF), YF mice). We previously reported that bone volume in these mice is increased due to decreased osteoclast function (Adapala et al., J Biol Chem 285:36745-36758, 19). Here, we report that YF mice also have increased bone formation and osteoblast numbers. In ex vivo cultures bone marrow-derived YF osteoblasts showed increased Col1A expression and their proliferation was also significantly augmented. Moreover, proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was increased after treatment with conditioned medium generated by culturing YF bone marrow stromal cells. Expression of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) was increased in YF bone marrow stromal cells compared to wild type. Increased immunostaining of SDF-1 and CXCR4 was observed in YF bone marrow stromal cells compared to wild type. Treatment of YF condition medium with neutralizing anti-SDF-1 and anti-CXCR4 antibodies attenuated MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation. Cumulatively, these results show that abrogation of Cbl-PI3K interaction perturbs bone homeostasis, affecting both osteoclast function and osteoblast proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Brennan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Naga Suresh Adapala
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New England Musculoskeletal Institute, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT USA
| | - Mary F. Barbe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Vanessa Yingling
- Department of Kinesiology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Archana Sanjay
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New England Musculoskeletal Institute, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT USA
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
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13
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Sylvester M, Kliche S, Lange S, Geithner S, Klemm C, Schlosser A, Großmann A, Stelzl U, Schraven B, Krause E, Freund C. Adhesion and degranulation promoting adapter protein (ADAP) is a central hub for phosphotyrosine-mediated interactions in T cells. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11708. [PMID: 20661443 PMCID: PMC2908683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
TCR stimulation leads to an increase in cellular adhesion among other outcomes. The adhesion and degranulation promoting adapter protein (ADAP) is known to be rapidly phosphorylated after T cell stimulation and relays the TCR signal to adhesion molecules of the integrin family. While three tyrosine phosphorylation sites have been characterized biochemically, the binding capabilities and associated functions of several other potential phosphotyrosine motifs remain unclear. Here, we utilize in vitro phosphorylation and mass spectrometry to map novel phosphotyrosine sites in the C-terminal part of human ADAP (486–783). Individual tyrosines were then mutated to phenylalanine and their relevance for cellular adhesion and migration was tested experimentally. Functionally important tyrosine residues include two sites within the folded hSH3 domains of ADAP and two at the C-terminus. Furthermore, using a peptide pulldown approach in combination with stable isotope labeling in cell culture (SILAC) we identified SLP-76, PLCγ, PIK3R1, Nck, CRK, Gads, and RasGAP as phospho-dependent binding partners of a central YDDV motif of ADAP. The phosphorylation-dependent interaction between ADAP and Nck was confirmed by yeast two-hybrid analysis, immunoprecipitation and binary pulldown experiments, indicating that ADAP directly links integrins to modulators of the cytoskeleton independent of SLP-76.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Sylvester
- Protein Engineering Group, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kliche
- Institut für Molekulare und Klinische Immunologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Lange
- Mass Spectrometry Group, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Geithner
- Protein Engineering Group, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Clementine Klemm
- Mass Spectrometry Group, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlosser
- Institut für Medizinische Immunologie CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arndt Großmann
- Otto-Warburg-Laboratorium, Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Genetik, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Stelzl
- Otto-Warburg-Laboratorium, Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Genetik, Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institut für Molekulare und Klinische Immunologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eberhard Krause
- Mass Spectrometry Group, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Freund
- Protein Engineering Group, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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14
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Efficacy of MK-0457 and in combination with vorinostat against Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Ann Hematol 2010; 89:1081-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-010-0998-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Okabe S, Tauchi T, Ohyashiki K. Establishment of a new Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line (SK-9) with T315I mutation. Exp Hematol 2010; 38:765-72. [PMID: 20471447 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2010.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Revised: 04/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The BCR-ABL mutation, T315I, is a common mutation and is resistant to both imatinib and second-generation Abl kinase inhibitors. Although strategies to overcome resistance-mediated T315I mutation may improve the survival of BCR-ABL-positive leukemia patients, there is little information on cell-based studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established a new human BCR-ABL-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell line, SK-9 with the T315I mutation, from the peripheral blood of a 36-year-old female patient. RESULTS Growth kinetic studies revealed an approximate population doubling time of 48 hours. The common B-cell phenotype is a feature of the SK-9 cell line. Cells have the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) with many structural abnormalities, as well as the T315I mutation in the BCR-ABL gene. Insertion of SK-9 cells into athymic nude mice induced the formation of tumors in the lymph node that infiltrated into the spleen and bone marrow. We examined the drug sensitivity of imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib using a cell proliferation assay and an immunoblot assay. Cell proliferation did not decrease after imatinib, dasatinib, or nilotinib treatment as compared to the BCR-ABL-positive chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562. Because phosphorylation of BCR-ABL and Crk-L did not decrease after imatinib and dasatinib treatment, it is suggested that SK-9 is resistant to imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib. CONCLUSION This cell line may provide a useful model for in vitro and in vivo cellular and molecular studies of BCR-ABL-positive ALL with T315I mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiichi Okabe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Saunders AE, Johnson P. Modulation of immune cell signalling by the leukocyte common tyrosine phosphatase, CD45. Cell Signal 2010; 22:339-48. [PMID: 19861160 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2009.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
CD45 is a leukocyte specific transmembrane glycoprotein and a receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP). CD45 can be expressed as several alternatively spliced isoforms that differ in the extracellular domain. The isoforms are regulated in a cell type and activation state-dependent manner, yet their function has remained elusive. The Src family kinase members Lck and Lyn are key substrates for CD45 in T and B lymphocytes, respectively. CD45 lowers the threshold of antigen receptor signalling, which impacts T and B cell activation and development. CD45 also regulates antigen triggered Fc receptor signalling in mast cells and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling in dendritic cells, thus broadening the role of CD45 to other recognition receptors involved in adaptive and innate immunity. In addition, CD45 can affect immune cell adhesion and migration and can modulate cytokine production and signalling. Here we review what is known about the substrate specificity and regulation of CD45 and summarise its effect on immune cell signalling pathways, from its established role in T and B antigen receptor signalling to its emerging role regulating innate immune cell recognition and cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Saunders
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
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Abstract
Binding of the HIV-1 envelope to its chemokine coreceptors mediates two major biological events: membrane fusion and signaling transduction. The fusion process has been well studied, yet the role of chemokine coreceptor signaling in viral infection has remained elusive through the past decade. With the recent demonstration of the signaling requirement for HIV latent infection of resting CD4 T cells, the issue of coreceptor signaling needs to be thoroughly revisited. It is likely that virus-mediated signaling events may facilitate infection in various immunologic settings in vivo where cellular conditions need to be primed; in other words, HIV may exploit the chemokine signaling network shared among immune cells to gain access to downstream cellular components, which can then serve as effective tools to break cellular barriers. This virus-hijacked aberrant signaling process may in turn facilitate pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize past and present studies on HIV coreceptor signaling. We also discuss possible roles of coreceptor signaling in facilitating viral infection and pathogenesis.
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18
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Havre PA, Abe M, Urasaki Y, Ohnuma K, Morimoto C, Dang NH. CD26 expression on T cell lines increases SDF-1-alpha-mediated invasion. Br J Cancer 2009; 101:983-91. [PMID: 19654580 PMCID: PMC2743358 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD26 is a multifunctional membrane-bound glycoprotein that regulates tumour growth in addition to its other activities. Because disease aggressiveness is correlated with CD26 expression in several T-cell malignancies, we decided to investigate the invasiveness of cells expressing different levels of CD26. METHODS To assess CD26 involvement in cell invasion, we performed in vitro invasion assays with human T cell lines expressing different levels of CD26. These included the parental CD26-positive T-lymphoblast cell line HSB-2 and clones infected with a retrovirus expressing siRNA vectors that either targeted CD26 or encoded a missense siRNA, and the parental CD26-negative T-leukaemia cell line Jurkat and clones expressing CD26. CD26 expression in these cell lines was evaluated by flow cytometry and western immunoblotting. CXCR4 expression, phosphorylation of signalling kinases, and MMP-9 secretion were also evaluated by western immunoblotting, whereas MMP-9 activity and the effect of kinase and CD45 inhibitors on activity were measured by zymography of conditioned media. RESULTS The presence of CD26 enhanced stromal-cell-derived factor-1-alpha (SDF-1-alpha)-mediated invasion of T cell lines. This process was regulated in part by the PI-3K and MEK1 pathways, as indicated by increased phosphorylation of p44/42 MAP kinase and Akt in the presence of SDF-1-alpha and the effect of their respective inhibitors on MMP-9 secretion and in vitro invasion. In addition, CD26-associated enhancement of SDF-1-alpha-induced invasion was decreased when CD45 was inhibited. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the expression of CD26 in T cell lines leads to increased SDF-1-alpha-mediated invasion in an in vitro system and that this is controlled in part by the PI-3K and MEK1 pathways. The data also suggest that CD26 enhancement of invasion may be mediated by CD45, however, more studies are required to confirm this involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Havre
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Abstract
Integrins are cell surface heterodimers that bind adhesion molecules expressed on other cells or in the extracellular matrix. Integrin-mediated interactions are critical for T cell development in the thymus, migration of T cells in the periphery, and induction of T cell effector functions. In resting T cells, integrins are maintained in a low affinity state. Engagement of the T cell receptor or chemokine receptors increases integrin affinity, enabling integrins to bind their ligands and initiate a signaling cascade resulting in altered cell morphology and motility. Our laboratory is interested how adapter proteins, mediators of intracellular signal transduction, regulate both signals from the T cell receptor to integrins (inside-out signaling) and (outside-in) signals from integrins into the cell.
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Okabe S, Tauchi T, Ohyashiki JH, Ohyashiki K. Mechanism of MK-0457 efficacy against BCR–ABL positive leukemia cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 380:775-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.01.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Okabe S, Tauchi T, Ohyashiki K. Characteristics of dasatinib- and imatinib-resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14:6181-6. [PMID: 18829496 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-0461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although dual src-family kinase/BCR/ABL inhibitor, dasatinib (BMS-354825), provides therapeutic advantages to imatinib-resistant cells, the mechanism of dasatinib resistance was not fully known. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used TF-1 BCR/ABL cells, by introducing the BCR/ABL gene into a leukemia cell line, TF-1 and K562, and established dasatinib- (BMS-R) and imatinib-resistant (IM-R) cells. We characterized chronic myelogenous leukemia drug-resistant cells and examined intracellular signaling. RESULTS The IC(50) of dasatinib was 0.75 nmol/L (TF-1 BCR/ABL), 1 nmol/L (K562), 7.5 nmol/L (TF-1 BCR/ABL IM-R), 10 nmol/L (K562 IM-R), 15 micromol/L (TF-1 BCR/ABL BMS-R), and 25 micromol/L (K562 BMS-R). The number of BCR/ABL copies in resistant cell lines was the same as the parental cell line by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. There was no mutation in Abl kinase. We found that protein levels of BCR/ABL were reduced in dasatinib-resistant cell lines. BCR/ABL protein was increased by treatment of an ubiquitin inhibitor. The Src kinase, Lck, as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt were activated, but p21(WAF), phosphatase and tensin homologue was reduced in K562 BMS-R cells. Removal of dasatinib from the culture medium of K562 BMS-R cells led to apoptosis, and activated caspase 3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the expression and protein activation signatures identified in this study provide insight into the mechanism of resistance to dasatinib and imatinib and may be of therapeutic chronic myelogenous leukemia value clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiichi Okabe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Zaman SN, Resek ME, Robbins SM. Dual acylation and lipid raft association of Src-family protein tyrosine kinases are required for SDF-1/CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis in the Jurkat human T cell lymphoma cell line. J Leukoc Biol 2008; 84:1082-91. [PMID: 18632989 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1007698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines play pivotal roles in regulating a wide variety of biological processes by modulating cell migration and recruitment. Deregulation of chemokine signaling can alter cell recruitment, contributing to the pathogenic states associated with autoimmune disease, inflammatory disorders, and sepsis. During chemotaxis, lipid rafts and their resident signaling molecules have been demonstrated to partition to different parts of the cell. Herein, we investigated the role of lipid raft resident Src-family kinases (SFK) in stromal cell-derived factor 1/CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis. We have shown that Lck-deficient J.CaM 1.6 cells are defective in CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis in contrast to their parental counterpart, Jurkat cells. Ectopic expression of the SFK hematopoietic cell kinase (Hck) in J.CaM 1.6 cells reconstituted CXCL12 responsiveness. The requirement of lipid raft association of SFK was assessed using both isoforms of Hck: the dually acylated p59(Hck) isoform that is targeted to lipid rafts and the monoacylated p61(Hck) isoform that is nonraft-associated. We have shown using several gain and loss of acylation alleles that dual acylation of Hck was required for CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis in J.CaM 1.6 cells. These results highlight the importance of the unique microenvironment provided by lipid rafts and their specific contribution in providing specificity to CXCL12 signaling.
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Patrussi L, Baldari CT. Intracellular mediators of CXCR4-dependent signaling in T cells. Immunol Lett 2007; 115:75-82. [PMID: 18054087 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2007.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2007] [Revised: 10/10/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The signaling pathways induced in T lymphocytes by CXCR4-CXCL12 interaction, which lead to the cytoskeletal macro-rearrangements observable in migrating cells, are as yet largely uncharacterized. The aim of this review is to briefly summarize the current knowledge of the signaling machinery which controls the process of chemotaxis in CXCL12-stimulated T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Patrussi
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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