1
|
Lucas M, Freitas M, Silva AMS, Fernandes E, Ribeiro D. Styrylchromones: Biological Activities and Structure-Activity Relationship. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2804521. [PMID: 34987699 PMCID: PMC8720608 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2804521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Styrylchromones (SC) are a group of oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds, which are characterized by the attachment of a styryl group to the chromone core. SC can be found in nature or can be chemically synthesized in the laboratory. As their presence in nature is scarce, the synthetic origin is the most common. Two types of SC are known: 2-styrylchromones and 3-styrylchromones. However, 2-styrylchromones are the most common, being more commonly found in nature and which chemical synthesis is more commonly described. A wide variety of SC has been described in the literature, with different substituents in different positions, the majority of which are distributed on the A- and/or B-rings. Over the years, several biological activities have been attributed to SC. This work presents a comprehensive review of the biological activities attributed to SC and their structure-activity relationship, based on a published literature search, since 1989. The following biological activities are thoroughly revised and discussed in this review: antioxidant, antiallergic, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antitumoral, affinity and selectivity for A3 adenosine receptors, neuroprotective, and α-glucosidase inhibition. In general, SC are composed by a promising scaffold with great potential for the development of new drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Lucas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marisa Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Agrarian Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang P, Jin LX, Lu JF, Gao YH, Guo SB. A theoretical study of radical scavenging antioxidant activity of 3-styrylchromone derivatives using DFT based on quantum chemical descriptors. Theor Chem Acc 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-021-02754-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
3
|
Tang JY, Wu CY, Shu CW, Wang SC, Chang MY, Chang HW. A novel sulfonyl chromen-4-ones (CHW09) preferentially kills oral cancer cells showing apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:1195-1203. [PMID: 30256521 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Several functionalized chromones, the key components of naturally occurring oxygenated heterocycles, have anticancer effects but their sulfone compounds are rarely investigated. In this study, we installed a sulfonyl substituent to chromen-4-one skeleton and synthesized CHW09 to evaluate its antioral cancer effect in terms of cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. In cell viability assay, CHW09 preferentially kills two oral cancer cells (Ca9-22 and CAL 27), less affecting normal oral cells (HGF-1). Although CHW09 does not change the cell cycle distribution significantly, CHW09 induces apoptosis validated by flow cytometry for annexin V and by western blotting for cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and caspases 3/8/9. These apoptosis signaling expressions are partly decreased by apoptosis inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK) or free radical scavenger (N-acetylcysteine). Furthermore, CHW09 induces oxidative stress validated by flow cytometry for the generations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial superoxide (MitoSOX), and the suppression of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). CHW09 also induces DNA damage validated by flow cytometry for the increases of DNA double strand break marker γH2AX and oxidative DNA damage marker 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG). Therefore, our newly synthesized CHW09 induces apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage, which may lead to preferential killing of oral cancer cells compared with normal oral cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Yang Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Shu
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chieh Wang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yang Chang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Santos CMM, Silva AMS. An Overview of 2-Styrylchromones: Natural Occurrence, Synthesis, Reactivity and Biological Properties. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clementina M. M. Santos
- School of Agriculture; Polytechnic Institute of Bragança; Campus de Santa Apolónia 5300-253 Bragança Portugal
- Department of Chemistry; QOPNA &University of Aveiro; Campus de Santiago 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- Department of Chemistry; QOPNA &University of Aveiro; Campus de Santiago 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Synthesis of (E)-2-Styrylchromones and Flavones by Base-Catalyzed Cyclodehydration of the Appropriate β-Diketones Using Water as Solvent. Molecules 2015; 20:11418-31. [PMID: 26111174 PMCID: PMC6272435 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200611418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A low cost, safe, clean and environmentally benign base-catalyzed cyclodehydration of appropriate β-diketones affording (E)-2-styrylchromones and flavones in good yields is disclosed. Water was used as solvent and the reactions were heated using classical and microwave heating methods, under open and closed vessel conditions. β-Diketones having electron-donating and withdrawing substituents were used to evaluate the reaction scope. The reaction products were isolated in high purity by simple filtration and recrystallization from ethanol, when using 800 mg of the starting diketone under classical reflux heating conditions.
Collapse
|
6
|
Momin M, Ramjugernath D, Koorbanally NA. Structure elucidation of a series of fluoro-2-styrylchromones and methoxy-2-styrylchromones using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2014; 52:521-529. [PMID: 25048418 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehbub Momin
- School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Fluorinated 2-Styrylchromones as Antibacterial Agents. J CHEM-NY 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/436758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A range of fluorinated 2-styrylchromones (5a–g) of which six were new (5a–f) were prepared in three steps using the Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement along with two methoxylated derivatives (5h-i) and a methylenedioxy derivative (5j) and screened for their antibacterial activity using Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, sciuri, andxylosusas well asBacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andKlebsiella pneumonia). The compounds were most effective againstB. subtilisfollowed byS. aureusand a single strain ofE. coli(ATCC 25922). Difluorination on the phenyl ring was shown to enhance antibacterial activity, and fluorine substitution at the 6 position was shown to be far superior to substitution at the 7 position. In comparison to tetracycline, the activity indices of the fluorinated styrylchromones ranged from 0.50 to 0.75 againstB. subtilis. The crystal structure of 2′-fluoro-2-styrylchromone is also presented, and the molecule was shown to be planar.
Collapse
|
8
|
Structure–activity relationship study of growth inhibitory 2-styrylchromones against carcinoma cells. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
9
|
Santos CMM, Silva AMS, Filipe P, Santus R, Patterson LK, Mazière JC, Cavaleiro JAS, Morlière P. Structure–activity relationships in hydroxy-2,3-diarylxanthone antioxidants. Fast kinetics spectroscopy as a tool to evaluate the potential for antioxidant activity in biological systems. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:3965-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00841a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
10
|
Königs P, Neumann O, Kataeva O, Schnakenburg G, Waldvogel SR. Convenient Synthesis of 3-Cinnamoyl-2-styrylchromones: Reinvestigation of the Baker-Venkataraman Rearrangement. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
11
|
Shelke KF, Sapkal SB, Shitole NV, Shingate BB, Shingare MS. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of 3-Styrylchromones in Alkaline Ionic Liquid. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2009. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2009.30.12.2883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
12
|
Gomes A, Neuwirth O, Freitas M, Couto D, Ribeiro D, Figueiredo AGPR, Silva AMS, Seixas RSGR, Pinto DCGA, Tomé AC, Cavaleiro JAS, Fernandes E, Lima JLFC. Synthesis and antioxidant properties of new chromone derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:7218-26. [PMID: 19781949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 08/26/2009] [Accepted: 08/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, the recognition of the benefits of antioxidants is eliciting an increasingly interest in the search for new molecules with improved activity. The aim of the present work was to search for improved reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) scavengers by testing new structures of 2-styrylchromones (2-SC) and 3-substituted flavones, which were synthesised by the Baker-Venkataraman approach. The new compounds were also tested for their metal chelating capacity and reducing activity. The obtained results showed that the methylation of hydroxyl groups decreases the scavenging of ROS and RNS by 2-SC. The decrease in the scavenging activities was, generally, more evident when the methylation occurred in B-ring, except for O2*- and (1)O(2). On the other hand, the introduction of a substituent, either hydroxyl or methoxyl, in position 8 was sometimes favourable and others unfavourable to the scavenging activities, depending on the reactive species. In conclusion, the study of the antioxidant properties of the new 2-SC and flavones allowed establishing new structure-activity relationships and brought out, in some cases, pharmacophores with improved activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gomes
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química-Física, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4099-030 Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Anti-inflammatory potential of 2-styrylchromones regarding their interference with arachidonic acid metabolic pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2009; 78:171-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Revised: 03/27/2009] [Accepted: 03/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
14
|
Patoilo DT, Silva AMS, Pinto DCGA, Tomé AC, Cavaleiro JAS. Synthesis of 5-Hydroxy-2-(naphth-2-yl)chromone derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570440617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
15
|
The alkyl chain length of 3-alkyl-3′,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavones modulates effective inhibition of oxidative damage in biological systems: Illustration with LDL, red blood cells and human skin keratinocytes. Biochem Pharmacol 2009; 77:957-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2008.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2008] [Revised: 11/20/2008] [Accepted: 11/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
16
|
Gomes A, Fernandes E, Garcia MBQ, Silva AM, Pinto DC, Santos CM, Cavaleiro JA, Lima JL. Cyclic voltammetric analysis of 2-styrylchromones: Relationship with the antioxidant activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:7939-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Revised: 07/19/2008] [Accepted: 07/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
17
|
Silva VLM, Silva AMS, Pinto DCGA, Cavaleiro JAS, Vasas A, Patonay T. Syntheses of (E)- and (Z)-3-styrylchromones. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-008-0926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
18
|
Patonay T, Kiss-Szikszai A, Silva VML, Silva AMS, Pinto DCGA, Cavaleiro JAS, Jekő J. Microwave-Induced Synthesis and Regio- and Stereoselective Epoxidation of 3-Styrylchromones. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200701081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
19
|
Gomes A, Fernandes E, Silva AMS, Santos CMM, Pinto DCGA, Cavaleiro JAS, Lima JLFC. 2-Styrylchromones: novel strong scavengers of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:6027-36. [PMID: 17624791 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2007] [Revised: 06/14/2007] [Accepted: 06/26/2007] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
2-Styrylchromones are a small group of naturally occurring chromones, vinylogues of flavones (2-phenylchromones). Natural and synthetic 2-styrylchromones have been tested in different biological systems, showing activities with potential therapeutic applications. In particular, the potential and hitherto understudied antioxidant behavior of these compounds has been raised as a matter of interest. Thus the present work consisted in the study of the in vitro scavenging activities for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) of various 2-styrylchromone derivatives and structurally similar flavonoids. Some of the studied 2-styrylchromones proved to be extremely efficient scavengers of the different ROS and RNS, showing, in some cases, IC(50)s under 1 microM. The hydroxylation pattern of 2-styrylchromones, especially in the B-ring but also in the A ring, modulates the activity of these compounds, the catecholic derivatives being the most effective scavengers. The styryl pattern also contributes to their observed outstanding antioxidant activity. In conclusion, the scavenging activities for ROS/RNS of 2-styrylchromone derivatives, here shown for the first time, provide novel and most promising compounds to be applied as antioxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gomes
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química-Física, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4099-030 Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pinto DCGA, Silva AMS, Brito CM, Sandulache A, Carrillo JR, Prieto P, Díaz-Ortiz A, de la Hoz A, Cavaleiro JAS. Reactivity of 3-Styrylchromones as Dienes in Diels-Alder Reactions under Microwave Irradiation: A New Synthesis of Xanthones. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|