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Chung CL, Chen CL. Fluoroquinolones upregulate insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3, inhibit cell growth and insulin-like growth factor signaling. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 969:176421. [PMID: 38423242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs), commonly known for their antibiotic properties, exhibit additional pharmacological potential with anti-proliferative effects on various malignant cell types and immunomodulatory responses. Despite these observed effects, the precise mechanisms of action remain elusive. This study elucidates the biological impact of FQs on insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) productions in a p53-dependent manner. Cultured cells and mouse models treated with FQs demonstrated increased IGFBP-3 mRNA expression and protein secretion. The FQ-induced IGFBP-3 was identified to impede cell growth by inhibiting IGF-I signaling and exerting effects through an IGF-independent pathway. Notably, FQ-mediated suppression of cell proliferation was reversed in p53-null and p53 knockdown cells, suggesting the pivotal role of p53 in FQ-induced IGFBP-3 production and IGFBP-3-mediated growth inhibition. Additionally, ciprofloxacin, a clinically used FQ, exhibited the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and attenuation of tumor growth in a syngeneic mouse hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) model. These findings unveil a novel mechanism through which FQs act as anti-proliferative agents, prompting further exploration of their potential utility or derivative compounds in cancer treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ling Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Lin Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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Chrzanowska A, Kurpios-Piec D, Żyżyńska-Granica B, Kiernozek-Kalińska E, Lay WX, Ciechanowicz AK, Struga M. Anticancer activity and metabolic alteration in colon and prostate cancer cells by novel moxifloxacin conjugates with fatty acids. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 940:175481. [PMID: 36566005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The positive and pro-economic trend in the management of cancer treatment is the search for the antineoplastic potential of known, widely used and safe drugs with a different clinical purpose. A good candidate seems to be moxifloxacin with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, which as the member of the fourth generation fluoroquinolone is known to affect not only bacterial but also eukaryotic DNA topoisomerases, however at high concentration. Due to the fact that the modification of parent drug with lipid component can improve anticancer potential by increasing of bioavailability, selectivity, and cytotoxic efficiency, we evaluated the mechanisms of cytotoxic activity of novel moxifloxacin conjugates with fatty acids and verified metabolic profile in SW480, SW620 and PC3 cell lines. Our study revealed that cytotoxic potential of moxifloxacin conjugates was stronger than free moxifloxacin, moreover, they remained non-toxic to normal HaCaT cells. PC3 were more sensitive to MXF conjugates than colon cancer cells. The most promising cytotoxic activity exhibited conjugate 4m and 16m with oleic and stearic acid reducing viability of PC3 and SW620 cells. Tested conjugates activated caspases 3/7 and induced late-apoptosis, mainly in PC3 and SW620 cells. However, the most pronounced inhibition of NF-κB activation and IL-6 secretion was observed in SW480. Metabolomic analysis indicated influence of the moxifloxacin conjugates on intensity of lipid derivatives with the most successful metabolite profile in PC3. Our findings suggested the cytotoxic potential of moxifloxacin conjugates, especially with oleic and stearic acid can be beneficial in oncological therapy, including their possible anti-inflammatory and known antibacterial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Chrzanowska
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dagmara Kurpios-Piec
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Barbara Żyżyńska-Granica
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | - Wen Xin Lay
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Andrzej K Ciechanowicz
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Struga
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
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Beberok A, Rok J, Rzepka Z, Marciniec K, Boryczka S, Wrześniok D. Interaction between moxifloxacin and Mcl-1 and MITF proteins: the effect on growth inhibition and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 human triple-negative breast cancer cells. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:1025-1040. [PMID: 36045272 PMCID: PMC9585003 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) activates the expression of genes involved in cellular proliferation, DNA replication, and repair, whereas Mcl-1 is a member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins that promotes cell survival by preventing apoptosis. The objective of the present study was to verify whether the interaction between moxifloxacin (MFLX), one of the fluoroquinolones, and MITF/Mcl-1 protein, could affect the viability, proliferation, and apoptosis in human breast cancer using both in silico and in vitro models. Methods Molecular docking analysis (in silico), fluorescence image cytometry, and Western blot (in vitro) techniques were applied to assess the contribution of MITF and Mcl-1 proteins in the MFLX-induced anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Results We indicated the ability of MFLX to form complexes with MITF and Mcl-1 as well as the drug’s capacity to affect the expression of the tested proteins. We also showed that MFLX decreased the viability and proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells and induced apoptosis via the intrinsic death pathway. Moreover, the analysis of the cell cycle progression revealed that MFLX caused a block in the S and G2/M phases. Conclusions We demonstrated for the first time that the observed effects of MFLX on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (growth inhibition and apoptosis induction) could be related to the drug’s ability to interact with MITF and Mcl-1 proteins. Furthermore, the presented results suggest that MITF and Mcl-1 proteins could be considered as the target in the therapy of breast cancer. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43440-022-00407-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Beberok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Jakub Rok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Rzepka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Marciniec
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Stanisław Boryczka
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Dorota Wrześniok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
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Antibiotic Therapy and Athletes: Is the Mitochondrial Dysfunction the Real Achilles’ Heel? Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:sports10090131. [PMID: 36136386 PMCID: PMC9504712 DOI: 10.3390/sports10090131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely recognized that athletes consume oral antibiotics almost twice as often as observed in the non-sports population in order to reduce as much as possible the period of inactivity due to bacterial diseases. However, increasing evidences have demonstrated the ability of some classes of antibiotics to induce muscle weakness, pain, and a feeling of fatigue upon resuming physical activity conditions that considerably limit the athletic performance of athletes, ascribable to alterations in the biochemical mechanisms underlying normal musculoskeletal activity, such as mitochondrial respiration. For this reason, tailoring a treatment plan for effective antibiotics that limit an athlete’s risk is paramount to their safety and ability to maintain adequate athletic performance. The present review illustrates and critically analyzes the evidence on the use of antibiotics in sports, deepening the molecular mechanisms underlying the onset and development of muscle–tendon alterations in athletes as well as delineating the pharmacological strategies aimed at counteracting such adverse events.
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Kloskowski T, Frąckowiak S, Adamowicz J, Szeliski K, Rasmus M, Drewa T, Pokrywczyńska M. Quinolones as a Potential Drug in Genitourinary Cancer Treatment-A Literature Review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:890337. [PMID: 35756639 PMCID: PMC9213725 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.890337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinolones, broad-spectrum antibiotics, are frequently prescribed by urologists for many urological disorders. The mechanism of their bactericidal activity is based on the inhibition of topoisomerase II or IV complex with DNA, which consequently leads to cell death. It has been observed that these antibiotics also act against the analogous enzymes present in eukaryotic cells. Due to their higher accumulation in urine and prostate tissue than in serum, these drugs seem to be ideal candidates for application in genitourinary cancer treatment. In this study, an extensive literature review has been performed to collect information about concentrations achievable in urine and prostate tissue together with information about anticancer properties of 15 quinolones. Special attention was paid to the application of cytotoxic properties of quinolones for bladder and prostate cancer cell lines. Data available in the literature showed promising properties of quinolones, especially in the case of urinary bladder cancer treatment. In the case of prostate cancer, due to low concentrations of quinolones achievable in prostate tissue, combination therapy with other chemotherapeutics or another method of drug administration is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kloskowski
- Chair of Urology and Andrology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Sylwia Frąckowiak
- Chair of Urology and Andrology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jan Adamowicz
- Chair of Urology and Andrology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Kamil Szeliski
- Chair of Urology and Andrology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Rasmus
- Chair of Urology and Andrology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Drewa
- Chair of Urology and Andrology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Pokrywczyńska
- Chair of Urology and Andrology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Yadav V, Talwar P. Repositioning of fluoroquinolones from antibiotic to anti-cancer agents: An underestimated truth. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:934-946. [PMID: 30841473 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing development costs and higher failure rate in clinical trials has reduced the repertoire of newer drugs in the market for clinical use. The most appropriate approach to end the search for newer drugs is "Repositioning", as it requires less time and money to explore new indication of existing drug or failed drug. In the past, several drugs have been repositioned for different indication but the full potential remains unharnessed. With rise in cancer prevalence and treatment costs, it is imperative to search for newer drugs and the use of repositioning approach may help us. Fluoroquinolones has been used as antibiotics for over four decades now, but recent research highlighted their use as pharmacological compounds with multifaceted implication. Repositioning of fluoroquinolones into anti-cancer molecule seems to be a highly plausible option owing to their profound immunomodulatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic potential. The present review provides a comprehensive account of the recent and past explorations pertaining to the anti-cancer activity of fluoroquinolones and also discusses the various approaches that are being considered to remodel them for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Yadav
- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics, University of Liège (ULiège), 4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Puneet Talwar
- Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences (IHBAS), Delhi, India
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Lim EJ, Yoon YJ, Heo J, Lee TH, Kim YH. Ciprofloxacin Enhances TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis in Lung Cancer Cells by Upregulating the Expression and Protein Stability of Death Receptors through CHOP Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103187. [PMID: 30332761 PMCID: PMC6214089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is a potent antimicrobial agent with multiple effects on host cells and tissues. Previous studies have highlighted their proapoptotic effect on human cancer cells. The current study showed that subtoxic doses of CIP effectively sensitized multiple cancer cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis. Although TRAIL alone mediated the partial proteolytic processing of procaspase-3 in lung cancer cells, co-treatment with CIP and TRAIL efficiently restored the complete activation of caspases. We found that treatment of lung cancer with CIP significantly upregulated the expression and protein stability of death receptor (DR) 5. These effects were mediated through the regulation of transcription factor CCAT enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) since the silencing of these signaling molecules abrogated the effect of CIP. Taken together, these results indicated that the upregulation of death receptor expression and protein stability by CIP contributed to the restoration of TRAIL-sensitivity in lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jin Lim
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, Korea.
| | - Yu Jeong Yoon
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, Korea.
| | - Jeonghoon Heo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, Korea.
| | - Tae Hwa Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, Korea.
| | - Young-Ho Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, Korea.
- Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, Korea.
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Yadav V, Varshney P, Sultana S, Yadav J, Saini N. Moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin induces S-phase arrest and augments apoptotic effects of cisplatin in human pancreatic cancer cells via ERK activation. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:581. [PMID: 26260159 PMCID: PMC4531397 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1560-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer, one of the most dreadful gastrointestinal tract malignancies, with the current chemotherapeutic drugs has posed a major impediment owing to poor prognosis and chemo-resistance thereby suggesting critical need for additional drugs as therapeutics in combating the situation. Fluoroquinolones have shown promising and significant anti-tumor effects on several carcinoma cell lines. Methods Previously, we reported growth inhibitory effects of fourth generation fluoroquinolone Gatifloxacin, while in the current study we have investigated the anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing mechanism of older generation fluoroquinolones Moxifloxacin and Ciprofloxacin on the pancreatic cancer cell-lines MIA PaCa-2 and Panc-1. Cytotoxicity was measured by MTT assay. Apoptosis induction was evaluated using annexin assay, cell cycle assay and activation of caspase-3, 8, 9 were measured by western blotting and enzyme activity assay. Results Herein, we found that both the fluoroquinolones suppressed the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells by causing S-phase arrest and apoptosis. Blockade in S-phase of cell cycle was associated with decrease in the levels of p27, p21, CDK2, cyclin-A and cyclin-E. Herein we also observed triggering of extrinsic as well as intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway as suggested by the activation of caspase-8, 9, 3, and Bid respectively. All this was accompanied by downregulation of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-xL and upregulation of proapoptotic protein Bak. Our results strongly suggest the role of extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2), but not p53, p38 and c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK) in fluoroquinolone induced growth inhibitory effects in both the cell lines. Additionally, we also found both the fluoroquinolones to augment the apoptotic effects of broad spectrum anticancer drug Cisplatin via ERK. Conclusion The fact that these fluoroquinolones synergize the effect of cisplatin opens new insight into therapeutic index in treatment of pancreatic cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1560-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Yadav
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi, India. .,Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India.
| | - Pallavi Varshney
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi, India.
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India.
| | - Jyoti Yadav
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi, India.
| | - Neeru Saini
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi, India.
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Mizrahi K, Yaniv I, Ash S, Stein J, Askenasy N. Apoptotic signaling through Fas and TNF receptors ameliorates GVHD in mobilized peripheral blood grafts. Bone Marrow Transplant 2014; 49:640-8. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2014.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ivacik IS, Goktas S, Sakarya Y, Ozcimen M, Sakarya R. Inhibition of Corneal Neovascularization by Subconjunctival and Topical Bevacizumab and Sunitinib in a Rabbit Model. Cornea 2013; 32:e193. [DOI: 10.1097/ico.0b013e3182a9e734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Barot M, Gokulgandhi MR, Pal D, Mitra AK. In vitro moxifloxacin drug interaction with chemotherapeutics: implications for retinoblastoma management. Exp Eye Res 2013; 118:61-71. [PMID: 24157270 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is a common malignant intraocular tumor primarily affecting children. Multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins (P-gp and MRPs) mediated chemoresistance have been considered as a major cause of treatment failure in treatment of RB. Ocular cells have shown good tolerability against moxifloxacin (MFX). Hence, the aim of present study was to investigate the effect of moxifloxacin on the functionality of MDR proteins. Furthermore, we have also examined an interaction of MFX with anticancer agents (Topotecan, etoposide and vinblastine) for RB treatment. For interaction of MFX with efflux transporter, model cell lines transfected with the efflux transporters (MDCK-MDR1 and MDCK-MRP2) were used to perform uptake and bi-directional transport experiments. Modulation of anticancer induced cell cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) release and caspase-3 enzyme activity in presence of MFX was also evaluated. Result indicates that MFX is a substrate of both MDR1 and MRP2 efflux transporters. Furthermore elevation of anticancer uptake and bi-directional transport, reduction in IC50 cytotoxic value and modulation of antiproliferative and cytokines release in presence of MFX by anticancer agents was observed. Our results demonstrate that MFX may not only modulate the permeability of anticancer agents at efflux sites but it may also potentiate antiproliferative activity of anticancer agents in retinoblastoma cells. This study may be further extended to explore in vivo outcome of this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Barot
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Mitan R Gokulgandhi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Dhananjay Pal
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Ashim K Mitra
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
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Yadav V, Sultana S, Yadav J, Saini N. Gatifloxacin induces S and G2-phase cell cycle arrest in pancreatic cancer cells via p21/p27/p53. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47796. [PMID: 23133524 PMCID: PMC3485023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, despite being the most dreadful among gastrointestinal cancers, is poorly diagnosed, and further, the situation has been aggravated owing to acquired drug resistance against the single known drug therapy. While previous studies have highlighted the growth inhibitory effects of older generation fluoroquinolones, the current study aims to evaluate the growth inhibitory effects of newer generation fluoroquinolone, Gatifloxacin, on pancreatic cancer cell lines MIA PaCa-2 and Panc-1 as well as to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Herein, we report that Gatifloxacin suppresses the proliferation of MIA PaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells by causing S and G2-phase cell cycle arrest without induction of apoptosis. Blockade in S-phase of the cell cycle was associated with increased TGF-β1 expression and translocation of Smad3-4 complex to the nucleus with subsequent activation of p21 in MIA PaCa-2 cells, whereas TGF-β signalling attenuated Panc-1 cells showed S-phase arrest by direct activation of p27. However, Gatifloxacin mediated G2–phase cell cycle arrest was found to be p53 dependent in both the cell lines. Our study is of interest because fluoroquinolones have the ability to penetrate pancreatic tissue which can be very effective in combating pancreatic cancers that are usually associated with loss or downregulation of CDK inhibitors p21/p27 as well as mutational inactivation of p53. Additionally, Gatifloxacin was also found to synergize the effect of Gemcitabine, the only known drug against pancreatic cancer, as well as the broad spectrum anticancer drug cisplatin. Taken together our results suggest that Gatifloxacin possesses anticancer activities against pancreatic cancer and is a promising candidate to be repositioned from broad spectrum antibiotics to anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Yadav
- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, India
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Yadav
- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, India
- * E-mail: (JY); (NS)
| | - Neeru Saini
- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, India
- * E-mail: (JY); (NS)
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Albertsson P, Lennernäs B, Norrby K. Low-dosage metronomic chemotherapy and angiogenesis: topoisomerase inhibitors irinotecan and mitoxantrone stimulate VEGF-A-mediated angiogenesis. APMIS 2011; 120:147-56. [PMID: 22229270 PMCID: PMC3321228 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02830.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Albertsson P, Lennernäs B, Norrby K. Low-dosage metronomic chemotherapy and angiogenesis: topoisomerase inhibitors irinotecan and mitoxantrone stimulate VEGF-A-mediated angiogenesis. APMIS 2011. Metronomic chemotherapy with cytotoxic agents has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis and, consequently, tumor growth by targeting vascular endothelial cells (ECs). In these regimens, anti-tumor activities additional to anti-angiogenesis may operate. Moreover, chemotherapy typically generates reactive oxygen species in targeted ECs, which can affect angiogenesis. The aim of the present study was to assess the systemic effect of low-dosage metronomic treatment with either irinotecan or mitoxantrone on angiogenesis induced by VEGF-A. Angiogenesis was induced in normal adult rat mesentery by intraperitoneal injection of a low dosage of VEGF-A. Thereafter, irinotecan and mitoxantrone were infused separately continuously at minimally toxic dosages for 14 consecutive days via a subcutaneous osmotic minipump. Angiogenesis was assessed in terms of objective and quantitative variables using morphologic and computerized image analyses. Irinotecan or mitoxantrone significantly stimulated angiogenesis, with ironotecan increasing angiogenesis by 104%, when compared with the vehicle-treated animals. Low-dosage metronomic chemotherapy with irinotecan or mitoxantrone stimulates angiogenesis in the normal mesentery of rats, probably by inducing low-level oxidative stress in the targeted ECs. Whether or not this pertains to tumor angiogenesis may be difficult to confirm, as several anti-tumor modes may operate during low-dosage metronomic chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Albertsson
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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Seo GM, Rachakatla RS, Balivada S, Pyle M, Shrestha TB, Basel MT, Myers C, Wang H, Tamura M, Bossmann SH, Troyer DL. A self-contained enzyme activating prodrug cytotherapy for preclinical melanoma. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:157-65. [PMID: 21567204 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-0720-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) has been investigated as a means of cancer treatment without affecting normal tissues. This system is based on the delivery of a suicide gene, a gene encoding an enzyme which is able to convert its substrate from non-toxic prodrug to cytotoxin. In this experiment, we have developed a targeted suicide gene therapeutic system that is completely contained within tumor-tropic cells and have tested this system for melanoma therapy in a preclinical model. First, we established double stable RAW264.7 monocyte/macrophage-like cells (Mo/Ma) containing a Tet-On® Advanced system for intracellular carboxylesterase (InCE) expression. Second, we loaded a prodrug into the delivery cells, double stable Mo/Ma. Third, we activated the enzyme system to convert the prodrug, irinotecan, to the cytotoxin, SN-38. Our double stable Mo/Ma homed to the lung melanomas after 1 day and successfully delivered the prodrug-activating enzyme/prodrug package to the tumors. We observed that our system significantly reduced tumor weights and numbers as targeted tumor therapy after activation of the InCE. Therefore, we propose that this system may be a useful targeted melanoma therapy system for pulmonary metastatic tumors with minimal side effects, particularly if it is combined with other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwi-Moon Seo
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
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