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El-Awady R, Saleh E, Hashim A, Soliman N, Dallah A, Elrasheed A, Elakraa G. The Role of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic ABC Transporter Family in Failure of Chemotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2017; 7:535. [PMID: 28119610 PMCID: PMC5223437 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years chemotherapy failure has been a vital research topic as researchers have been striving to discover reasons behind it. The extensive studies carried out on chemotherapeutic agents confirm that resistance to chemotherapy is a major reason for treatment failure. “Resistance to chemotherapy,” however, is a comprehensive phrase that refers to a variety of different mechanisms in which ATP-binding cassette (ABC) mediated efflux dominates. The ABC is one of the largest gene superfamily of transporters among both eukaryotes and prokaryotes; it represents a variety of genes that code for proteins, which perform countless functions, including drug efflux – a natural process that protects cells from foreign chemicals. Up to date, chemotherapy failure due to ABC drug efflux is an active research topic that continuously provides further evidence on multiple drug resistance (MDR), aiding scientists in tackling and overcoming this issue. This review focuses on drug resistance by ABC efflux transporters in human, viral, parasitic, fungal and bacterial cells and highlights the importance of the MDR permeability glycoprotein being the mutual ABC transporter among all studied organisms. Current developments and future directions to overcome this problem are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raafat El-Awady
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ekram Saleh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of SharjahSharjah, United Arab Emirates; National Cancer Institute - Cancer Biology Department, Cairo UniversityCairo, Egypt
| | - Amna Hashim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nehal Soliman
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alaa Dallah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Azza Elrasheed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghada Elakraa
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Zhao J, Zeng Z, Sun J, Zhang Y, Li D, Zhang X, Liu M, Wang X. A Novel Model of P-Glycoprotein Inhibitor Screening Using Human Small Intestinal Organoids. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 120:250-255. [PMID: 27657920 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an important efflux transporter in intestine, regulates the bioavailability of orally taken drugs. To develop an in vitro model that preferably mimics the physiological microenvironment of human intestine, we employed the three-dimensionally (3D) cultured organoids from human normal small intestinal epithelium. It was observed that the intestinal crypts could efficiently form cystic organoid structure with the extension of culture time. Furthermore, the physiological expression of ABCB1 was detected at both mRNA and protein levels in cultured organoids. Rhodamine 123 (Rh123), a typical substrate of P-gp, was actively transported across 3D organoids and accumulated in the luminal space. This transport process was also inhibited by verapamil and mitotane. In summary, the above-mentioned model based on human small intestinal 3D organoids is suitable to imitate the small intestinal epithelium and could be used as a novel in vitro model especially for P-gp inhibitor screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Zhao
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital Joint Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyang Zeng
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital Joint Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialiang Sun
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital Joint Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhang
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital Joint Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dali Li
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital Joint Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital Joint Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital Joint Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital Joint Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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