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Mesas C, Chico MA, Doello K, Lara P, Moreno J, Melguizo C, Perazzoli G, Prados J. Experimental Tumor Induction and Evaluation of Its Treatment in the Chicken Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Model: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:837. [PMID: 38255911 PMCID: PMC10815318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, generated during avian development, can be used in cancer research as an alternative in vivo model to perform tumorigenesis in ovo due to advantages such as simplicity, low cost, rapid growth, and being naturally immunodeficient. The aim of this systematic review has been to compile and analyze all studies that use the CAM assay as a tumor induction model. For that, a systematic search was carried out in four different databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and WOS. After eliminating duplicates and following the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 74 articles were included. Of these, 62% use the in ovo technique, 13% use the ex ovo technique, 9% study the formation of metastasis, and 16% induce tumors from patient biopsies. Regarding the methodology followed, the main species used is chicken (95%), although some studies use quail eggs (4%), and one article uses ostrich eggs. Therefore, the CAM assay is a revolutionary technique that allows a simple and effective way to induce tumors, test the effectiveness of treatments, carry out metastasis studies, perform biopsy grafts of patients, and carry out personalized medicine. However, unification of the methodology used is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mesas
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Maria Angeles Chico
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Kevin Doello
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
- Service of Medical Oncology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Patricia Lara
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
| | - Javier Moreno
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
| | - Consolación Melguizo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Gloria Perazzoli
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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2
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Zhang W, Che Q, Tan H, Qi X, Li D, Zhu T, Liu M. A novel antimycin analogue antimycin A2c, derived from marine Streptomyces sp., suppresses HeLa cells via disrupting mitochondrial function and depleting HPV oncoproteins E6/E7. Life Sci 2023; 330:121998. [PMID: 37536615 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Novel antimycin alkaloid antimycin A2c (AE) was isolated from the culture of a marine derived Streptomyces sp. THS-55. We elucidated its chemical structure by extensive spectra and clarified the specific mechanism in HPV infected-cervical cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Colony formation assay, cell cycle analysis, hoechst 33342 staining assay, et.al were used to detect the inhibitory effect of AE on cervical cancer cells. Meanwhile, flow cytometry, western blotting, immunoprecipitation, RNA interference and molecular docking were used to analyze the mechanism of AE. KEY FINDINGS AE exhibited potent cytotoxicity in vitro against HPV-transformed cervical cancer HeLa cell line. AE inhibited the proliferation, arrested cell cycle distribution, and triggered caspase dependent apoptosis in HeLa cells. Further studies revealed AE-induced apoptosis is mediated by the degradation of E6/E7 oncoproteins. Molecular mechanic investigation showed that AE degraded the levels of E6/E7 oncoproteins through reactive oxygen (ROS)-mediated ubiquitin-dependent proteasome system activation, and the increased ROS generation was due to the disruption of the mitochondrial function. SIGNIFICANCE This present work revealed that this novel marine derived antimycin alkaloid could target the mitochondria and subsequently degrade HPV E6/E7 oncoproteins, and have potential application in the design and development of lead compound for cervical cancer cells, as well as the development for tool compounds to dissect E6/E7 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Active Components of Xinjiang Natural Medicine and Drug Release Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Qian Che
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hongsheng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China
| | - Tianjiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China.
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China.
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3
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-risk HPV infections are related to several epithelial cancers. Despite the availability of prophylactic vaccines, HPV infections are still responsible for about 5% of all human malignancies worldwide. While therapeutic vaccines are ongoing clinical trials, genotoxic agents and surgical interventions represent current clinical treatments, with no specific anti-HPV drugs yet available in the clinics. AREAS COVERED We offer a comprehensive report of small molecules in preclinical studies proposed as potential anticancer agents against HPV-driven tumors. Given the importance of HPV oncoproteins for cancer maintenance, particularly E6 and E7, we present a classification of both non-targeted and targeted agents, with a further subdivision of the latter into two categories according to their either direct or indirect activity against viral protein functions. EXPERT OPINION Prophylactic vaccines can prevent the insurgence of HPV-related cancers, but have no effect against pre-existing infections. Moreover, their high cost, genotype-restricted effect and the growing worldwide distrust for vaccines make the availability of a specific drug an unmet medical need. Different viral early proteins emerge as ideal candidates for drug development. We highlight the most promising strategies and address future challenges in this field to herald the prospect of a specific therapeutic regimen against HPV-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Messa
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, 35121, Italy
| | - Arianna Loregian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, 35121, Italy.,Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
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4
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Senthilkumar R, Brusentsev Y, Paul P, Marimuthu P, Cheng F, Eklund PC, Eriksson JE. Synthesis and Evaluation of Anisomelic acid-like Compounds for the Treatment of HPV-Mediated Carcinomas. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20295. [PMID: 31889069 PMCID: PMC6937315 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56410-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of cervical and 75% of oropharyngeal carcinomas are triggered by infection with a type of high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV). It is well-known that E6 and E7 oncoproteins are critical for viral-induced cancer, and hence, they represent valuable targets for therapeutic intervention in HPV-mediated cancers. Our earlier research on the cembranoid, anisomelic acid (AA) showed that, AA has the potential to induce apoptosis in HPV cells by the depletion of E6 and E7 oncoproteins. The present study describes the structure-activity relationship and the evaluation of synthetic AA like compounds, i.e simplified cembranoid-like structures, as HPV inhibitors against some papilloma cell lines. Both from experimental and computational results, we observed that these compounds induced apoptosis by the same E6/E7-based mechanism as AA, but at earlier time points, thus being far more effective than AA. Further, the data indicated that only part of the structure of AA is required for the molecular action. Based on these results, we identified some novel and potential compounds for specific treatment of HPV-associated carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Senthilkumar
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, c/o Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Biskopsgatan 8, 20500, Turku, Finland.,Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Yury Brusentsev
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, c/o Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Biskopsgatan 8, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Preethy Paul
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Parthiban Marimuthu
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Fang Cheng
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland.,School of pharmaceutical sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Patrik C Eklund
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, c/o Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Biskopsgatan 8, 20500, Turku, Finland.
| | - John Elias Eriksson
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland
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5
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Rocha SMMD, Cardoso PCDS, Bahia MDO, Pessoa CDÓ, Soares PC, Rocha SMD, Burbano RMR, Rocha CAMD. Effect of the kaurenoic acid on genotoxicity and cell cycle progression in cervical cancer cells lines. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 57:126-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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6
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Zhang W, Che Q, Tan H, Qi X, Li J, Li D, Gu Q, Zhu T, Liu M. Marine Streptomyces sp. derived antimycin analogues suppress HeLa cells via depletion HPV E6/E7 mediated by ROS-dependent ubiquitin-proteasome system. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42180. [PMID: 28176847 PMCID: PMC5296914 DOI: 10.1038/srep42180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new antimycin alkaloids (1–4) and six related known analogs (5–10) were isolated from the culture of a marine derived Streptomyces sp. THS-55, and their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. All of the compounds exhibited potent cytotoxicity in vitro against HPV-transformed HeLa cell line. Among them, compounds 6–7 were derived as natural products for the first time, and compound 5 (NADA) showed the highest potency. NADA inhibited the proliferation, arrested cell cycle distribution, and triggered apoptosis in HeLa cancer cells. Our molecular mechanic studies revealed NADA degraded the levels of E6/E7 oncoproteins through ROS-mediated ubiquitin-dependent proteasome system activation. This is the first report that demonstrates antimycin alkaloids analogue induces the degradation of high-risk HPV E6/E7 oncoproteins and finally induces apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. The present work suggested that these analogues could serve as lead compounds for the development of HPV-infected cervical cancer therapeutic agents, as well as research tools for the study of E6/E7 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Che
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongsheng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianjiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237, People's Republic of China
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7
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Senthilkumar R, Marimuthu P, Paul P, Manojkumar Y, Arunachalam S, Eriksson JE, Johnson MS. Plasma Protein Binding of Anisomelic Acid: Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamic Simulations. J Chem Inf Model 2016; 56:2401-2412. [PMID: 28024399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.6b00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Anisomelic acid (AA) is a macrocyclic cembranolide compound extracted from Anisomeles herbal species. Recently, we have shown that AA possesses both anticancer and antiviral activity. However, to date, the plasma protein binding properties of AA are unknown. Here, we describe the molecular interactions of AA with two serum proteins, human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), adopting multiple physicochemical methods. Besides, molecular docking and dynamics simulations were performed to predict the interaction mode and the dynamic behavior of AA with HSA and BSA. The experimental results revealed that hydrophobic forces play a significant part in the interaction of AA to HSA and BSA. The outcomes of the principal components analysis (PCA) of the poses based on root-mean-squared distances showed less variation in AA-HSA, opposed to what is seen for BSA-AA. Furthermore, binding free energies estimated for AA-HSA and AA-BSA complexes at different temperatures (298, 303, 308, and 313 K) based on molecular mechanics-generalized Born surface area (MMGBSA) approaches were well correlated with our experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Senthilkumar
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University , Tykistökatu 6A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Parthiban Marimuthu
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University , Tykistökatu 6A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Preethy Paul
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University , Tykistökatu 6A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Yesaiyan Manojkumar
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University , Tiruchirappalli-620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - John E Eriksson
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University , Tykistökatu 6A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Mark S Johnson
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University , Tykistökatu 6A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
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8
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Chayboun I, Boulifa E, Mansour AI, Rodriguez-Serrano F, Carrasco E, Alvarez PJ, Chahboun R, Alvarez-Manzaneda E. First enantiospecific syntheses of marine merosesquiterpenes neopetrosiquinones a and B: evaluation of biological activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1026-1036. [PMID: 25906329 DOI: 10.1021/np500975b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The first enantiospecific syntheses of neopetrosiquinones A (6) and B (7), two merosesquiterpenes isolated from the deep-water sponge Neopetrosia cf. proxima, from the labdane diterpene trans-communic acid (10) have been achieved. A key step of the synthetic sequence is the simultaneous aromatization of the C ring and the benzylic oxidation on C-7 of an advanced intermediate, mediated by the oxygen-DDQ system. The in vitro antiproliferative activities of neopetrosiquinone B (7) and of the synthetic intermediates 8 and 9 against human breast (MCF-7), lung (A-549), and colon (T-84) tumor cell lines have been assayed. The most potent was compound 9 (IC50 = 4.1 μM), which was twice as active as natural compound 7 (IC50 = 8.3 μM) against A-549 cells. In addition, the treatment with these compounds resulted in an induction of apoptosis. These findings indicate that the terpene benzoquinones reported here might be potentially useful as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Chayboun
- †Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Appliquée, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Ettahir Boulifa
- †Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Appliquée, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Ibn Mansour
- †Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Appliquée, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tetouan, Morocco
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9
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Senthilkumar R, Karaman DŞ, Paul P, Björk EM, Odén M, Eriksson JE, Rosenholm JM. Targeted delivery of a novel anticancer compound anisomelic acid using chitosan-coated porous silica nanorods for enhancing the apoptotic effect. Biomater Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00278d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan-coated and FA-conjugated mesoporous silica nanorods were developed for cancer-cell targeted delivery of a novel naturally derived anticancer compound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Didem Şen Karaman
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry
- Åbo Akademi University
- FI-20500 Turku
- Finland
| | - Preethy Paul
- Department of Biosciences
- Cell biology
- Åbo Akademi University
- FI-20520 Turku
- Finland
| | - Emma M. Björk
- Nanostructured Materials Division
- Department of Physics
- Chemistry and Biology
- Linköping University
- Sweden
| | - Magnus Odén
- Nanostructured Materials Division
- Department of Physics
- Chemistry and Biology
- Linköping University
- Sweden
| | - John E. Eriksson
- Department of Biosciences
- Cell biology
- Åbo Akademi University
- FI-20520 Turku
- Finland
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10
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Yin X, Zhang R, Feng C, Zhang J, Liu D, Xu K, Wang X, Zhang S, Li Z, Liu X, Ma H. Diallyl disulfide induces G2/M arrest and promotes apoptosis through the p53/p21 and MEK-ERK pathways in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:1748-56. [PMID: 25175641 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive tumor with high incidence and mortality worldwide. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a natural organosulfur compound, isolated from garlic. In this study, MTT assay showed that DADS significantly reduced cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner in ESCC cells, with lower toxicity in normal liver cells. Cell cycle analysis revealed that DADS made G2/M phase arrest. Molecular analysis suggested that this cell cycle arrest was likely made by the decrease of cyclin B1, cdc2, p-cdc2, cdc25c in concomitance with activation of the p53/p21 pathway. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/PI staining. The molecule markers showed that DADS induced apoptosis through activating caspases, altering the Bax/Bcl-2 balance and suppressing the MEK-ERK pathway. Our data indicated that DADS has the potential to be an effective and safe anticancer agent for ESCC therapy in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Yin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Feng
- Department of Digestion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Digestion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Digestion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Kun Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xijing Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Zongfang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xinlian Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Hongbing Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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