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Corno C, D’Arcy P, Bagnoli M, Paolini B, Costantino M, Carenini N, Corna E, Alberti P, Mezzanzanica D, Colombo D, Linder S, Arrighetti N, Perego P. The deubiquitinase USP8 regulates ovarian cancer cell response to cisplatin by suppressing apoptosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1055067. [PMID: 36578788 PMCID: PMC9791127 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1055067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of therapeutic approaches to improve response to platinum-based therapies is an urgent need for ovarian carcinoma. Deubiquitinases are a large family of ubiquitin proteases implicated in a variety of cellular functions and may contribute to tumor aggressive features through regulation of processes such as proliferation and cell death. Among the subfamily of ubiquitin-specific peptidases, USP8 appears to be involved in modulation of cancer cell survival by still poorly understood mechanisms. Thus, we used ovarian carcinoma cells of different histotypes, including cisplatin-resistant variants with increased survival features to evaluate the efficacy of molecular targeting of USP8 as a strategy to overcome drug resistance/modulate cisplatin response. We performed biochemical analysis of USP8 activity in pairs of cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant cells and found increased USP8 activity in resistant cells. Silencing of USP8 resulted in decreased activation of receptor tyrosine kinases and increased sensitivity to cisplatin in IGROV-1/Pt1 resistant cells as shown by colony forming assay. Increased cisplatin sensitivity was associated with enhanced cisplatin-induced caspase 3/7 activation and apoptosis, a phenotype also observed in cisplatin sensitive cells. Increased apoptosis was linked to FLIPL decrease and cisplatin induction of caspase 3 in IGROV-1/Pt1 cells, cisplatin-induced claspin and survivin down-regulation in IGROV-1 cells, thereby showing a decrease of anti-apoptotic proteins. Immunohistochemical staining on 65 clinical specimens from advanced stage ovarian carcinoma indicated that 40% of tumors were USP8 positive suggesting that USP8 is an independent prognostic factor for adverse outcome when considering progression free survival as a clinical end-point. Taken together, our results support that USP8 may be of diagnostic value and may provide a therapeutic target to improve the efficacy of platinum-based therapy in ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Corno
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Milan, Italy
| | - Padraig D’Arcy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marina Bagnoli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Therapies, Milan, Italy
| | - Biagio Paolini
- Pathology Unit 1, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Costantino
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Milan, Italy
| | - Nives Carenini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Corna
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Alberti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Therapies, Milan, Italy
| | - Delia Mezzanzanica
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Therapies, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Colombo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stig Linder
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noemi Arrighetti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Milan, Italy
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2
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Vergani E, Beretta GL, Aloisi M, Costantino M, Corno C, Frigerio S, Tinelli S, Dugo M, Accattatis FM, Granata A, Arnaboldi L, Rodolfo M, Perego P, Gatti L. Targeting of the Lipid Metabolism Impairs Resistance to BRAF Kinase Inhibitor in Melanoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:927118. [PMID: 35912092 PMCID: PMC9326082 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.927118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance limits the achievement of persistent cures for the treatment of melanoma, in spite of the efficacy of the available drugs. The aim of the present study was to explore the involvement of lipid metabolism in melanoma resistance and assess the effects of its targeting in cellular models of melanoma with acquired resistance to the BRAF-inhibitor PLX4032/Vemurafenib. Since transcriptional profiles pointed to decreased cholesterol and fatty acids synthesis in resistant cells as compared to their parental counterparts, we examined lipid composition profiles of resistant cells, studied cell growth dependence on extracellular lipids, assessed the modulation of enzymes controlling the main nodes in lipid biosynthesis, and evaluated the effects of targeting Acetyl-CoA Acetyltransferase 2 (ACAT2), the first enzyme in the cholesterol synthesis pathway, and Acyl-CoA Cholesterol Acyl Transferase (ACAT/SOAT), which catalyzes the intracellular esterification of cholesterol and the formation of cholesteryl esters. We found a different lipid composition in the resistant cells, which displayed reduced saturated fatty acids (SFA), increased monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA), and reduced cholesteryl esters (CE) and triglycerides (TG), along with modulated expression of enzymes regulating biosynthetic nodes of the lipid metabolism. The effect of tackling lipid metabolism pathways in resistant cells was evidenced by lipid starvation, which reduced cell growth, increased sensitivity to the BRAF-inhibitor PLX4032, and induced the expression of enzymes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism. Molecular targeting of ACAT2 or pharmacological inhibition of SOAT by avasimibe showed antiproliferative effects in melanoma cell lines and a synergistic drug interaction with PLX4032, an effect associated to increased ferroptosis. Overall, our findings reveal that lipid metabolism affects melanoma sensitivity to BRAF inhibitors and that extracellular lipid availability may influence tumor cell response to treatment, a relevant finding in the frame of personalized therapy. In addition, our results indicate new candidate targets for drug combination treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Vergani
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni L. Beretta
- Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Aloisi
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Costantino
- Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Corno
- Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Frigerio
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stella Tinelli
- Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Felice Maria Accattatis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Agnese Granata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences DISFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Arnaboldi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences DISFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Rodolfo
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Monica Rodolfo,
| | - Paola Perego
- Unit of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Gatti
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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3
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Cimini S, Giaccone G, Tagliavini F, Costantino M, Perego P, Rossi G. P301L tau mutation leads to alterations of cell cycle, DNA damage response and apoptosis: evidence for a role of tau in cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 200:115043. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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4
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Synergistic Effect of Perampanel and Temozolomide in Human Glioma Cell Lines. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11050390. [PMID: 34068749 PMCID: PMC8150827 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11050390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is characterized by a high proliferative rate and drug resistance. The standard of care includes maximal safe surgery, followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide chemotherapy. The expression of glutamate receptors has been previously reported in human glioma cell lines. The aim of this study was to examine the cellular effects of perampanel, a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug acting as an α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPA) glutamate receptor antagonist, alone or in combination with temozolomide. Four human glioma cell lines were exposed to different concentrations of perampanel and temozolomide, alone or in combination. The type of drug interaction was assessed using the Chou-Talalay method. Apoptosis, cell cycle perturbation, and glutamate receptors (GluRs) subunit expression were assessed by flow cytometry. Perampanel significantly inhibited the growth, inducing high levels of apoptosis. A strong synergistic effect of the combination of perampanel with temozolomide was detected in U87 and A172, but not in U138. Treatment with perampanel resulted in an increased GluR2/3 subunit expression in U87 and U138. Perampanel displays a pro-apoptotic effect on human glioblastoma cell lines when used alone, possibly due to increased GluR2/3 expression. The observed synergistic effect of the combination of temozolomide with perampanel suggests further investigation on the impact of this combination on oncologic outcomes in glioblastoma.
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Stamatakos S, Beretta GL, Vergani E, Dugo M, Corno C, Corna E, Tinelli S, Frigerio S, Ciusani E, Rodolfo M, Perego P, Gatti L. Deregulated FASN Expression in BRAF Inhibitor-Resistant Melanoma Cells Unveils New Targets for Drug Combinations. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092284. [PMID: 34068792 PMCID: PMC8126202 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes promoting cell survival are involved in metastatic melanoma progression and in the development of drug resistance. In BRAF-inhibitor resistant melanoma cells, we explored the role of FASN, an enzyme involved in lipogenesis overexpressed in metastatic melanoma. Resistant melanoma cells displaying enhanced migratory and pro-invasive abilities increased sensitivity to the BRAF inhibitor PLX4032 upon the molecular targeting of FASN and upon treatment with the FASN inhibitor orlistat. This behavior was associated with a marked apoptosis and caspase 3/7 activation observed for the drug combination. The expression of FASN was found to be inversely associated with drug resistance in BRAF-mutant cell lines, both in a set of six resistant/sensitive matched lines and in the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia. A favorable drug interaction in resistant cells was also observed with U18666 A inhibiting DHCR24, which increased upon FASN targeting. The simultaneous combination of the two inhibitors showed a synergistic interaction with PLX4032 in resistant cells. In conclusion, FASN plays a role in BRAF-mutated melanoma progression, thereby creating novel therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Stamatakos
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Giovanni Luca Beretta
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Vergani
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.F.)
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Cristina Corno
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Corna
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Stella Tinelli
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Simona Frigerio
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.F.)
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- Department of Diagnostic and Technology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Monica Rodolfo
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Paola Perego
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (G.L.B.); (M.D.); (C.C.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Laura Gatti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy;
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Corno C, Arrighetti N, Ciusani E, Corna E, Carenini N, Zaffaroni N, Gatti L, Perego P. Synergistic Interaction of Histone Deacetylase 6- and MEK-Inhibitors in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:610. [PMID: 32754596 PMCID: PMC7365948 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of new knowledge on prostate cancer molecular landscape, this has been only partially translated to the therapeutic setting. The activation of Ras/Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling plays an important role in progression of prostate cancer in which deregulation of histone deacetylases (HDAC) is frequent. Based on the notion that HDAC inhibitors may reactivate the expression of genes favoring cell response to drugs, the aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between the HDAC6-specific inhibitor ricolinostat (ACY1215) and the MEK-inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244) to identify effective combinations in prostate cancer models. Using cell lines exhibiting differential activation of survival pathways (PC3, DU145, 22Rv1) and following different treatment schedules, a synergistic interaction was observed in all cell models, the drug combination being particularly effective in 22Rv1 cells. Marginal levels of apoptosis were observed in PC3 cells after combined treatment, whereas higher levels were achieved in DU145 and 22Rv1 cells. RNAi-mediated knockdown of HDAC6 in selumetinib-treated 22Rv1 cells resulted in increased apoptosis. Combined treatment suppressed the constitutively deregulated survival pathways in all cell lines. A decrease of androgen receptor (AR)-dependent gene (KLK2, DUSP1) mRNA levels was observed in 22Rv1 treated cells, associated with increased AR cytoplasmatic expression, suggesting AR signaling down-regulation, not involving Hsp90 acetylation. When a taxane was used in combination with AZD6244 and ACY1215 by a simultaneous schedule, a synergistic cytotoxic effect together with increased apoptosis was evidenced in all cell models. These results support a rational use of targeted agents to improve prostate cancer cell apoptotic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Corno
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Noemi Arrighetti
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- Neurological Biochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Corna
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Nives Carenini
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Gatti
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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7
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Flem-Karlsen K, McFadden E, Omar N, Haugen MH, Øy GF, Ryder T, Gullestad HP, Hermann R, Mælandsmo GM, Flørenes VA. Targeting AXL and the DNA Damage Response Pathway as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in Melanoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 19:895-905. [PMID: 31871265 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinase AXL is found upregulated in various types of cancer, including melanoma, and correlates with an aggressive cancer phenotype, inducing cell proliferation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In addition, AXL has recently been linked to chemotherapy resistance, and inhibition of AXL is found to increase DNA damage and reduce expression of DNA repair proteins. In light of this, we aimed to investigate whether targeting AXL together with DNA damage response proteins would be therapeutically beneficial. Using melanoma cell lines, we observed that combined reduction of AXL and CHK1/CHK2 signaling decreased proliferation, deregulated cell-cycle progression, increased apoptosis, and reduced expression of DNA damage response proteins. Enhanced therapeutic effect of combined treatment, as compared with mono-treatment, was further observed in a patient-derived xenograft model and, of particular interest, when applying a three-dimensional ex vivo spheroid drug sensitivity assay on tumor cells harvested directly from 27 patients with melanoma lymph node metastases. Together, these results indicate that targeting AXL together with the DNA damage response pathway could be a promising treatment strategy in melanoma, and that further investigations in patient groups lacking treatment alternatives should be pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Flem-Karlsen
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erin McFadden
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nasrin Omar
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mads H Haugen
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Frode Øy
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Truls Ryder
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hans Petter Gullestad
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Robert Hermann
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunhild Mari Mælandsmo
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Vivi Ann Flørenes
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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8
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Efficacy of a Selective Binder of α Vβ 3 Integrin Linked to the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Sunitinib in Ovarian Carcinoma Preclinical Models. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040531. [PMID: 31013908 PMCID: PMC6521192 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma, the most lethal gynecological cancer, is characterized by late diagnosis, with drug resistance limiting the efficacy of platinum-based therapy. Since some integrins are upregulated in cancer, including ovarian carcinoma, they represent a potential target for drug delivery. Receptor tyrosine kinases are also deregulated in cancer and their expression has been associated with drug resistance. Here, the antitumor effects of three conjugates possessing a selective binder of the extracellular portion of integrin αVβ3 covalently linked to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib were investigated in cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant ovarian carcinoma cells expressing both tyrosine kinase VEGFR2 and αVβ3 at different levels. We found that one of the three compounds was active in inhibiting the growth of both drug-sensitive and -resistant cells in the micromolar range with a slightly increased potency in resistant cells as compared to sunitinib. The same compound markedly impaired cell migratory and invasive abilities and reduced paxillin phosphorylation. Antitumor activity studies in IGROV-1/Pt1 cells xenografted in nude mice revealed a striking activity of this conjugate versus sunitinib. Taken together, our results support the interest of integrin-targeted sunitinib conjugates for the treatment of drug-resistant tumors.
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9
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Flem Karlsen K, McFadden E, Flørenes VA, Davidson B. Soluble AXL is ubiquitously present in malignant serous effusions. Gynecol Oncol 2019; 152:408-415. [PMID: 30448261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to analyze the expression level and clinical role of soluble AXL (sAXL) in cancers affecting the serosal surfaces, with focus on ovarian carcinoma. METHODS sAXL protein expression by ELISA was analyzed in 572 effusion supernatants, including 424 peritoneal, 147 pleural and 1 pericardial specimens. RESULTS sAXL was overexpressed in peritoneal effusions compared to pleural and pericardial specimens (p < 0.001). sAXL levels were additionally significantly higher in effusions from patients with ovarian carcinoma, malignant mesothelioma and breast carcinoma compared to specimens from patients with other cancers (predominantly carcinomas of lung, gastrointestinal or uterine corpus/cervix origin) or benign reactive effusions (p < 0.001). sAXL was further overexpressed in high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC; n = 373) compared to low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC; n = 32; p = 0.036). In HGSC, sAXL levels were significantly lower in post-chemotherapy effusions compared to primary diagnosis pre-chemotherapy specimens (p = 0.002). sAXL levels in HGSC were unrelated to chemoresponse at diagnosis, progression-free survival or overall survival. Levels were similarly unrelated to survival in LGSC and breast carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS sAXL is widely expressed in malignant effusions, particularly in ovarian and breast carcinoma and in malignant mesothelioma. sAXL is overexpressed in HGSC compared to LGSC and its levels are lower following exposure to chemotherapy. However, sAXL levels are not informative of chemoresponse or survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Flem Karlsen
- Department of Pathology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Erin McFadden
- Department of Pathology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway
| | - Vivi Ann Flørenes
- Department of Pathology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ben Davidson
- Department of Pathology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
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10
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KiSS1 in regulation of metastasis and response to antitumor drugs. Drug Resist Updat 2019; 42:12-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Quinn JM, Greenwade MM, Palisoul ML, Opara G, Massad K, Guo L, Zhao P, Beck-Noia H, Hagemann IS, Hagemann AR, McCourt CK, Thaker PH, Powell MA, Mutch DG, Fuh KC. Therapeutic Inhibition of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase AXL Improves Sensitivity to Platinum and Taxane in Ovarian Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 18:389-398. [PMID: 30478151 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, one of the deadliest malignancies in female cancer patients, is characterized by recurrence and poor response to cytotoxic chemotherapies. Fewer than 30% of patients with resistant disease will respond to additional chemotherapy treatments. This study aims to determine whether and how inhibition of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL can restore sensitivity to first-line platinum and taxane therapy in ovarian cancer. AXL staining was quantified in a patient tissue microarray and correlated with chemoresponse of patients. We used small hairpin RNAs to knock down AXL expression and the small-molecule inhibitor BGB324 to inhibit AXL and assessed sensitivity of cell lines and primary patient-derived cells to chemotherapy. We quantified platinum accumulation by inductivity-coupled plasma phase mass spectrometry. Finally, we treated chemoresistant patient-derived xenografts with chemotherapy, BGB324, or chemotherapy plus BGB324 and monitored tumor burden. AXL expression was higher in chemoresistant patient tumors and cell lines than in chemosensitive tumors and cell lines. AXL staining significantly predicted chemoresponse. Knockdown and inhibition of AXL dose-dependently improved response to paclitaxel and carboplatin in both cell lines and primary cells. AXL inhibition increased platinum accumulation by 2-fold (*, P < 0.05). In vivo studies indicated that AXL inhibition enhanced the ability of chemotherapy to prevent tumor growth (****, P < 0.0001). AXL contributes to platinum and taxane resistance in ovarian cancer, and inhibition of AXL improves chemoresponse and accumulation of chemotherapy drugs. This study supports continued investigation into AXL as a clinical target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne M Quinn
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Molly M Greenwade
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Marguerite L Palisoul
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gregory Opara
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Katina Massad
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Lei Guo
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Peinan Zhao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Hollie Beck-Noia
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ian S Hagemann
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Andrea R Hagemann
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Carolyn K McCourt
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Premal H Thaker
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew A Powell
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - David G Mutch
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Katherine C Fuh
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. .,Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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12
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Corno C, Stucchi S, De Cesare M, Carenini N, Stamatakos S, Ciusani E, Minoli L, Scanziani E, Argueta C, Landesman Y, Zaffaroni N, Gatti L, Perego P. FoxO-1 contributes to the efficacy of the combination of the XPO1 inhibitor selinexor and cisplatin in ovarian carcinoma preclinical models. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 147:93-103. [PMID: 29155058 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The XPO1/CRM1 inhibitor selinexor (KPT-330), is currently being evaluated in multiple clinical trials as an anticancer agent. XPO1 participates in the nuclear export of FoxO-1, which we previously found to be decreased in platinum-resistant ovarian carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine whether enriching FoxO-1 nuclear localization using selinexor would increase ovarian cancer cell sensitivity to cisplatin. Selinexor, as a single agent, displayed a striking antiproliferative effect in different ovarian carcinoma cell lines. A schedule-dependent synergistic effect of selinexor in combination with cisplatin was found in cisplatin-sensitive IGROV-1, the combination efficacy being more evident in sensitive than in the resistant cells. In IGROV-1 cells, the combination was more effective when selinexor followed cisplatin exposure. A modulation of proteins involved in apoptosis (p53, Bax) and in cell cycle progression (p21WAF1) was found by Western blotting. Selinexor-treated cells exhibited enriched FoxO-1 nuclear staining. Knock-down experiments with RNA interference indicated that FOXO1-silenced cells displayed a reduced sensitivity to selinexor. FOXO1 silencing also tended to reduce the efficacy of the drug combination at selected cisplatin concentrations. Selinexor significantly inhibited tumor growth, induced FoxO-1 nuclear localization and improved the efficacy of cisplatin in IGROV-1 xenografts. Taken together, our results support FoxO-1 as one of the key factors promoting sensitivity towards selinexor and the synergistic interaction between cisplatin and selinexor in ovarian carcinoma cells with selected molecular backgrounds, highlighting the need for treatment regimens tailored to the molecular tumor features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Corno
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Stucchi
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Michelandrea De Cesare
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nives Carenini
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Stamatakos
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Minoli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory, Fondazione Filarete, viale Ortles 22/4, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenio Scanziani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory, Fondazione Filarete, viale Ortles 22/4, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Yosef Landesman
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, 85 Wells Ave., Newton, MA 02459, USA
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Gatti
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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