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Ferrara F, Picardi A. Is outcome of older people with acute myeloid leukemia improving with new therapeutic approaches and stem cell transplantation? Expert Rev Hematol 2020; 13:99-108. [PMID: 31922453 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2020.1715207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The clinical outcome of older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still poor, especially for those who are unfit to treatments aimed at altering the natural course of the disease. Hypomethylating agents (HMA) offer an important therapeutic opportunity to a consistent number of patients, but long-term results are largely unsatisfactory.Area covered: Recently, a number of new agents have been registered for AML, some of which selectively available for older patient population, with promising results in terms of response rate and survival. Furthermore, the upper age limit for allogeneic stem cell transplantation is constantly increasing, so that this procedure is offered and actually given to an increasing number of older patients with AML. A literature review was conducted of the PubMed database for articles published in English as well as for abstracts from most important and recent hematology meetings on AML in older patients.Expert opinion: Appropriate selection among different options on the basis of clinical fitness and molecular findings at diagnosis as well as at relapse would result in improvement of therapeutic results, sparing unnecessary toxicity and optimizing health systems resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicetto Ferrara
- Division of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Program, AORN Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Picardi
- Division of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Program, AORN Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Ibrahim SM, Karim S, Abusamra H, Pushparaj PN, Khan JA, Abuzenadah AM, Gari MA, Bakhashab S, Ahmed F, Al-Qahtani MH. Genomic amplification of chromosome 7 in the Doxorubicin resistant K562 cell line. Bioinformation 2019; 14:587-593. [PMID: 31223218 PMCID: PMC6563671 DOI: 10.6026/97320630014587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquisition of multi-drug resistance (MDR) is a major hindrance towards the successful treatment of cancers. Over expression of a range of
ATP-dependent efflux pumps, particularly ABCB1 is a widely reported mechanism of cancer cell MDR. Approximately 30% acute myeloid
leukemia (AML) patients demonstrate ABCB1 over expression. Several mechanisms for up regulation of ABCB1 have been proposed. Our
aim was to investigate the role of genomic amplification of the chromosome 7 region with regard to its influence on ABCB1 over expression
in AML cell line. For this, we developed Doxorubicin (Dox) resistant leukemic cell line from K562 cells, demonstrating MDR phenotype.
The chromosomal changes associated with the acquisition of MDR were characterized by array- based comparative genomic hybridization
(aCGH) with the parental K562 cell line as the reference genome. Significant genomic gains in the chromosomal region corresponding to
7q11.21-7q22.1 were observed in Dox selected cell line. Moreover, the amplicon contains the ABCB1 gene locus at 7q21.1 with a copy
number gain of >4. ABCB1 mRNA was found to be up-regulated by54-fold. Our results demonstrate that the development of MDR in
K562/Dox is underlined by a genomic amplification of the chromosome 7 region harboring the ABCB1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80218, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabi
| | - Sajjad Karim
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Abusamra
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Peter N Pushparaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jalaluddin A Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80218, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabi
| | - Adel M Abuzenadah
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdooh A Gari
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherin Bakhashab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80218, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabi.,KACST Technology Innovation Center in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid Ahmed
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Al-Qahtani
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Ferrara F, Vitagliano O. Induction therapy in acute myeloid leukemia: Is it time to put aside standard 3 + 7? Hematol Oncol 2019; 37:558-563. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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