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Cao L, Liu Y, Sun L, Zhu Z, Yang D, Xia Z, Jin D, Dai Z, Rang J, Xia L. Enhanced triacylglycerol metabolism contributes to the efficient biosynthesis of spinosad in Saccharopolyspora spinosa. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2024; 9:809-819. [PMID: 39072147 PMCID: PMC11277812 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Triacylglycerol (TAG) is crucial for antibiotic biosynthesis derived from Streptomyces, as it serves as an important carbon source. In this study, the supplementation of exogenous TAG led to a 3.92-fold augmentation in spinosad production. The impact of exogenous TAG on the metabolic network of Saccharopolyspora spinosa were deeply analyzed through comparative proteomics. To optimize TAG metabolism and enhance spinosad biosynthesis, the lipase-encoding genes lip886 and lip385 were overexpressed or co-expressed. The results shown that the yield of spinosad was increased by 0.8-fold and 0.4-fold when lip886 and lip385 genes were overexpressed, respectively. Synergistic co-expression of these genes resulted in a 2.29-fold increase in the yield of spinosad. Remarkably, the combined overexpression of lip886 and lip385 in the presence of exogenous TAG elevated spinosad yields by 5.5-fold, led to a drastic increase in spinosad production from 0.036 g/L to 0.234 g/L. This study underscores the modification of intracellular concentrations of free fatty acids (FFAs), short-chain acyl-CoAs, ATP, and NADPH as mechanisms by which exogenous TAG modulates spinosad biosynthesis. Overall, the findings validate the enhancement of TAG catabolism as a beneficial strategy for optimizing spinosad production and provide foundational insights for engineering secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways in another Streptomyces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Yangchun Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Zirong Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Danlu Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Ziyuan Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Duo Jin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Zirui Dai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Jie Rang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Liqiu Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
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Tang H, Wei W, Wu J, Cui X, Wang W, Qian T, Wo J, Ye BC. Engineering Streptomyces albus B4 for Enhanced Production of ( R)-Mellein: A High-Titer Heterologous Biosynthesis Approach. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:17499-17509. [PMID: 39045837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The natural compound (R)-(-)-mellein exhibits antiseptic and fungicidal activities. We investigated its biosynthesis using the polyketide synthase encoded by SACE_5532 (pks8) from Saccharopolyspora erythraea heterologously expressed in Streptomyces albus B4, a chassis chosen for its fast growth, genetic manipulability, and ample large short-chain acyl-CoA precursor supply. High-level heterologous (R)-(-)-mellein yield was achieved by pks8 overexpression and duplication. The precursor supply pathways were strengthened by overexpression of SACE_0028 (encoding acetyl-CoA carboxylase) and four genes involved in β-oxidation (fadD, fadE, fadB, and fadA). Cell growth inhibition by (R)-(-)-mellein production at high concentration was relieved by in situ adsorption using Amberlite XAD16 resin. The final strain, B4mel12, produced (R)-(-)-mellein at 6395.2 mg/L in shake-flask fermentation. Overall, this is the first report of heterologous (R)-(-)-mellein synthesis in microorganism with a high titer. (R)-(-)-mellein prototype in this study opens a possibility for the overproduction of valuable melleins in S. albus B4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenping Wei
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingjun Cui
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenzong Wang
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Qian
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Wo
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bang-Ce Ye
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Zhang W, Yi P, Zhou Y, Yuan K, Ji X, Song P. Effect of fatty acids on intracellular pneumocandin B 0 storage in the fermentation of Glarea lozoyensis. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:63. [PMID: 38647938 PMCID: PMC10992745 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00677-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The natural product pneumocandin B0 is the precursor of the antifungal drug caspofungin. To explore the relationship between pneumocandin B0 and oil. We found that the addition of 1 g/L of oil to the fermentation medium is more conducive to the production of pneumocandin B0. The metabolic reaction mechanism was explored using different fatty acids and the results showed that stearic acid and acetic acid increased the total production of pneumocandin B0 by 22.98% and 9.08%, respectively, as well as increasing the content of intracellular lipid droplets. We also analyzed gene expression and pathway differences between the two different fatty acids using transcriptome analyses. The addition of both acetic acid and stearic acid promoted an active pentose phosphate pathway, providing cells with higher intracellular reducing power. We found that the addition of fatty acids can lead to lipid accumulation, and lipid droplets can sequester lipophilic secondary metabolites such as pneumocandin B0 to reduce cell damage. These results provide novel insights into the relationship between pneumocandin B0 biosynthesis and fatty acids in G. lozoyensis. In addition, this study provides important genetic information for improving the yield of pneumocandin B0 through a strategy of metabolic engineering in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiting Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210034, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Yi
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210034, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210034, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Nutrition & Health Research Institute, COFCO Corporation, Beijing, 102209, China
| | - Xiaojun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, No. 5 Xinmofan Rd., Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ping Song
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210034, Jiangsu, China.
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Calcium-Phosphate Combination Enhances Spinosad Production in Saccharopolyspora spinosa via Regulation of Fatty Acid Metabolism. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:2528-2541. [PMID: 35166996 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03799-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Phosphate concentration above 10 mM reduces the production of many secondary metabolites; however, the phenomenon is not mechanistically understood yet. Specifically, the problem of phosphorus limitation in antibiotic production remains unresolved. This study investigates the phosphorus inhibition effect on spinosad production and alleviates it by calcium and phosphate supplementation to fermentation media. Furthermore, we examined the mechanism of fatty acids-induced increase in polyketides production. Four phosphates that were supplemented into the fermentation media include NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4, KH2PO4, and K2HPO4 and NaH2PO4 was found to be the most effective phosphate. Under the optimal phosphate condition of supplementing 20 mM NaH2PO4 on the fourth day and 5 g/L CaCO3, the maximal spinosad production reached 520 mg/L, showing a 1.65-fold increase over the control treatment. In the NaH2PO4-CaCO3 system, the de novo fatty acid biosynthesis was significantly downregulated while spinosad biosynthesis and β-oxidation were upregulated. The coordination of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis and β-oxidation promoted intracellular acetyl-CoA concentration. The results demonstrate that NaH2PO4-CaCO3 combined addition is a simple and effective strategy to alleviate phosphorus inhibition effect through the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and accumulation of immediate precursors. This information improves our understanding of phosphates' influence on the large-scale production of polyketides.
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Sui X, Zhao M, Liu Y, Wang J, Li G, Zhang X, Deng Y. Enhancing glutaric acid production in Escherichia coli by uptake of malonic acid. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 47:311-318. [PMID: 32140931 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-020-02268-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glutaric acid is an important organic acid applied widely in different fields. Most previous researches have focused on the production of glutaric acid in various strains using the 5-aminovaleric acid (AMV) or pentenoic acid synthesis pathways. We previously utilized a five-step reversed adipic acid degradation pathway (RADP) in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) to construct strain Bgl146. Herein, we found that malonyl-CoA was strictly limited in this strain, and increasing its abundance could improve glutaric acid production. We, therefore, constructed a malonic acid uptake pathway in E. coli using matB (malonic acid synthetase) and matC (malonic acid carrier protein) from Clover rhizobia. The titer of glutaric acid was improved by 2.1-fold and 1.45-fold, respectively, reaching 0.56 g/L and 4.35 g/L in shake flask and batch fermentation following addition of malonic acid. Finally, the highest titer of glutaric acid was 6.3 g/L in fed-batch fermentation at optimized fermentation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Sui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingli Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- The Open Project Program of China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- The Open Project Program of China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Guohui Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yu Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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Alpha-Terpineol production from an engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell factory. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:160. [PMID: 31547812 PMCID: PMC6757357 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1211-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alpha-Terpineol (α-Terpineol), a C10 monoterpenoid alcohol, is widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Construction Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell factories for producing monoterpenes offers a promising means to substitute chemical synthesis or phytoextraction. Results α-Terpineol was produced by expressing the truncated α-Terpineol synthase (tVvTS) from Vitis vinifera in S. cerevisiae. The α-Terpineol titer was increased to 0.83 mg/L with overexpression of the rate-limiting genes tHMG1, IDI1 and ERG20F96W-N127W. A GSGSGSGSGS linker was applied to fuse ERG20F96W-N127W with tVvTS, and expressing the fusion protein increased the α-Terpineol production by 2.87-fold to 2.39 mg/L when compared with the parental strain. In addition, we found that farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) accumulation by down-regulation of ERG9 expression and deletion of LPP1 and DPP1 did not improve α-Terpineol production. Therefore, ERG9 was overexpressed and the α-Terpineol titer was further increased to 3.32 mg/L. The best α-Terpineol producing strain LCB08 was then used for batch and fed-batch fermentation in a 5 L bioreactor, and the production of α-Terpineol was ultimately improved to 21.88 mg/L. Conclusions An efficient α-Terpineol production cell factory was constructed by engineering the S. cerevisiae mevalonate pathway, and the metabolic engineering strategies could also be applied to produce other valuable monoterpene compounds in yeast.
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Wu Y, Xu S, Gao X, Li M, Li D, Lu W. Enhanced protopanaxadiol production from xylose by engineered Yarrowia lipolytica. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:83. [PMID: 31103047 PMCID: PMC6525355 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1136-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As renewable biomass, lignocellulose remains one of the major choices for most countries in tackling global energy shortage and environment pollution. Efficient utilization of xylose, an important monosaccharide in lignocellulose, is essential for the production of high-value compounds, such as ethanol, lipids, and isoprenoids. Protopanaxadiol (PPD), a kind of isoprenoids, has important medical values and great market potential. Results The engineered protopanaxadiol-producing Yarrowia lipolytica strain, which can use xylose as the sole carbon source, was constructed by introducing xylose reductase (XR) and xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH) from Scheffersomyces stipitis, overexpressing endogenous xylulose kinase (ylXKS) and heterologous PPD synthetic modules, and then 18.18 mg/L of PPD was obtained. Metabolic engineering strategies such as regulating cofactor balance, enhancing precursor flux, and improving xylose metabolism rate via XR (K270R/N272D) mutation, the overexpression of tHMG1/ERG9/ERG20 and transaldolase (TAL)/transketolase (TKL)/xylose transporter (TX), were implemented to enhance PPD production. The final Y14 strain exhibited the greatest PPD titer from xylose by fed-batch fermentation in a 5-L fermenter, reaching 300.63 mg/L [yield, 2.505 mg/g (sugar); productivity, 2.505 mg/L/h], which was significantly higher than the titer of glucose fermentation [titer, 167.17 mg/L; yield, 1.194 mg/g (sugar); productivity, 1.548 mg/L/h]. Conclusion The results showed that xylose was more suitable for PPD synthesis than glucose due to the enhanced carbon flux towards acetyl-CoA, the precursor for PPD biosynthetic pathway. This is the first report to produce PPD in Y. lipolytica with xylose as the sole carbon source, which developed a promising strategy for the efficient production of high-value triterpenoid compounds. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-019-1136-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dashuai Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. .,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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Sun J, Zhang C, Nan W, Li D, Ke D, Lu W. Glycerol improves heterologous biosynthesis of betulinic acid in engineered Yarrowia lipolytica. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Tao H, Zhang Y, Deng Z, Liu T. Strategies for Enhancing the Yield of the Potent Insecticide Spinosad in Actinomycetes. Biotechnol J 2018; 14:e1700769. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Ministry of Education and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Ministry of Education and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Ministry of Education and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
- Hubei Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic Microbiology; Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology; Wuhan 430075 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Tiangang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Ministry of Education and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
- Hubei Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic Microbiology; Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology; Wuhan 430075 P. R. China
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Huang Y, Zhang X, Zhao C, Zhuang X, Zhu L, Guo C, Song Y. Improvement of Spinosad Production upon Utilization of Oils and Manipulation of β-Oxidation in a High-Producing Saccharopolyspora spinosa Strain. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 28:53-64. [PMID: 29730661 DOI: 10.1159/000487854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinosad, a member of polyketide-derived macrolides produced in the actinomycete Saccharopolyspora spinosa, has been developed as a broad-spectrum and effective insecticide. The β-oxidation pathway could be an important source of building blocks for the biosynthesis of spinosad, thus the effect of vegetable oils on the production of spinosad in a high-yield strain was investigated. The spinosad production increased significantly with the addition of strawberry seed oil (511.64 mg/L) and camellia oil (520.07 mg/L) compared to the control group without oil (285.76 mg/L) and soybean oil group (398.11 mg/L). It also revealed that the addition of oils would affect the expression of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism, precursor supply, and oxidative stress. The genetically engineered strain, in which fadD1 and fadE genes of Streptomyces coelicolor were inserted, produced spinosad up to 784.72 mg/L in the medium containing camellia oil, while a higher spinosad production level (843.40 mg/L) was detected with the addition of 0.01 mM of thiourea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Academy of State Administration of Grain, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Academy of State Administration of Grain, Beijing, China
| | - Xuhui Zhuang
- Academy of State Administration of Grain, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Academy of State Administration of Grain, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Guo
- Academy of State Administration of Grain, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Song
- Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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11
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Li X, Gu GQ, Chen W, Gao LJ, Wu XH, Zhang LQ. The outer membrane protein OprF and the sigma factor SigX regulate antibiotic production in Pseudomonas fluorescens 2P24. Microbiol Res 2017; 206:159-167. [PMID: 29146252 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas fluorescens 2P24 produces 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG) as the major antibiotic compound that protects plants from soil-borne diseases. Expression of the 2,4-DAPG biosynthesis enzymes, which are encoded by the phlACBD locus, is under the control of a delicate regulatory network. In this study, we identified a novel role for the outer membrane protein gene oprF, in negatively regulating the 2,4-DAPG production by using random mini-Tn5 mutagentsis. A sigma factor gene sigX was located immediately upstream of the oprF gene and shown to be a positive regulator for oprF transcription and 2,4-DAPG production. Genetic analysis of an oprF and sigX double-mutant indicated that the 2,4-DAPG regulation by oprF was dependent on SigX. The sigX gene did not affect PhlA and PhlD expression, but positively regulated the level of malonyl-CoA, the substrate of 2,4-DAPG synthesis, by influencing the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylases. Further investigations revealed that sigX transcription was induced under conditions of salt starvation or glycine addition. All these findings indicate that SigX is a novel regulator of substrate supplements for 2,4-DAPG production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gao-Qi Gu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Juan Gao
- Beijing Centre for Physical and Chemical Analysis, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Xue-Hong Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Qun Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
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12
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Lu C, Yin J, Zhao F, Li F, Lu W. Metabolomics analysis of the effect of dissolved oxygen on spinosad production by Saccharopolyspora spinosa. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2017; 110:677-685. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-017-0835-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mutagenesis breeding of high echinocandin B producing strain and further titer improvement with culture medium optimization. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015; 38:1845-54. [PMID: 26091897 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A combination of microbial strain improvement and statistical optimization is investigated to maximize echinocandin B (ECB) production from Aspergillus nidulans ZJB-0817. A classical sequential mutagenesis was studied first by using physical (ultraviolet irradiation at 254 nm) and chemical mutagens (lithium chloride and sodium nitrite). Mutant strain ULN-59 exhibited 2.1-fold increase in ECB production to 1583.1 ± 40.9 mg/L when compared with the parent strain (750.8 ± 32.0 mg/L). This is the first report where mutagenesis is applied in Aspergillus to improve ECB production. Further, fractional factorial design and central composite design were adopted to optimize the culture medium for increasing ECB production by the mutant ULN-59. Results indicated that four culture media including peptone, K2HPO4, mannitol and L-ornithine had significant effects on ECB production. The optimized medium provided another 1.4-fold increase in final ECB concentration to 2285.6 ± 35.6 mg/L compared to the original medium. The results of this study indicated the combined application of a classical mutation and medium optimization can improve effectively ECB production from A. nidulans and could be a promising tool to improve other secondary metabolites production by fungal strains.
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Zhao F, Zhang C, Yin J, Shen Y, Lu W. Coupling of Spinosad Fermentation and Separation Process via Two-Step Macroporous Resin Adsorption Method. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 176:2144-56. [PMID: 26077683 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1704-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a two-step resin adsorption technology was investigated for spinosad production and separation as follows: the first step resin addition into the fermentor at early cultivation period to decrease the timely product concentration in the broth; the second step of resin addition was used after fermentation to adsorb and extract the spinosad. Based on this, a two-step macroporous resin adsorption-membrane separation process for spinosad fermentation, separation, and purification was established. Spinosad concentration in 5-L fermentor increased by 14.45 % after adding 50 g/L macroporous at the beginning of fermentation. The established two-step macroporous resin adsorption-membrane separation process got the 95.43 % purity and 87 % yield for spinosad, which were both higher than that of the conventional crystallization of spinosad from aqueous phase that were 93.23 and 79.15 % separately. The two-step macroporous resin adsorption method has not only carried out the coupling of spinosad fermentation and separation but also increased spinosad productivity. In addition, the two-step macroporous resin adsorption-membrane separation process performs better in spinosad yield and purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglong Zhao
- Department of Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
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Bai Y, Zhou PP, Fan P, Zhu YM, Tong Y, Wang HB, Yu LJ. Four-stage dissolved oxygen strategy based on multi-scale analysis for improving spinosad yield by Saccharopolyspora spinosa ATCC49460. Microb Biotechnol 2015; 8:561-8. [PMID: 25808914 PMCID: PMC4408188 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dissolved oxygen (DO) is an important influencing factor in the process of aerobic microbial fermentation. Spinosad is an aerobic microbial-derived secondary metabolite. In our study, spinosad was used as an example to establish a DO strategy by multi-scale analysis, which included a reactor, cell and gene scales. We changed DO conditions that are related to the characteristics of cell metabolism (glucose consumption rate, biomass accumulation and spinosad production). Consequently, cell growth was promoted by maintaining DO at 40% in the first 24 h and subsequently increasing DO to 50% in 24 h to 96 h. In an in-depth analysis of the key enzyme genes (gtt, spn A, spn K and spn O), expression of spinosad and specific Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), the spinosad yield was increased by regulating DO to 30% within 96 h to 192 h and then changing it to 25% in 192 h to 240 h. Under the four-phase DO strategy, spinosad yield increased by 652.1%, 326.1%, 546.8%, and 781.4% compared with the yield obtained under constant DO control at 50%, 40%, 30%, and 20% respectively. The proposed method provides a novel way to develop a precise DO strategy for fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Bai
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Zhang X, Xue C, Zhao F, Li D, Yin J, Zhang C, Caiyin Q, Lu W. Suitable extracellular oxidoreduction potential inhibit rex regulation and effect central carbon and energy metabolism in Saccharopolyspora spinosa. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:98. [PMID: 25158803 PMCID: PMC4172946 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-014-0098-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polyketides, such as spinosad, are mainly synthesized in the stationary phase of the fermentation. The synthesis of these compounds requires many primary metabolites, such as acetyl-CoA, propinyl-CoA, NADPH, and succinyl-CoA. Their synthesis is also significantly influenced by NADH/NAD+. Rex is the sensor of NADH/NAD+ redox state, whose structure is under the control of NADH/NAD+ ratio. The structure of rex controls the expression of many NADH dehydrogenases genes and cytochrome bd genes. Intracellular redox state can be influenced by adding extracellular electron acceptor H2O2. The effect of extracellular oxidoreduction potential on spinosad production has not been studied. Although extracellular oxidoreduction potential is an important environment effect in polyketides production, it has always been overlooked. Thus, it is important to study the effect of extracellular oxidoreduction potential on Saccharopolyspora spinosa growth and spinosad production. Results During stationary phase, S. spinosa was cultured under oxidative (H2O2) and reductive (dithiothreitol) conditions. The results show that the yield of spinosad and pseudoaglycone increased 3.11 fold under oxidative condition. As H2O2 can be served as extracellular electron acceptor, the ratios of NADH/NAD+ were measured. We found that the ratio of NADH/NAD+ under oxidative condition was much lower than that in the control group. The expression of cytA and cytB in the rex mutant indicated that the expression of these two genes was controlled by rex, and it was not activated under oxidative condition. Enzyme activities of PFK, ICDH, and G6PDH and metabolites results indicated that more metabolic flux flow through spinosad synthesis. Conclusion The regulation function of rex was inhibited by adding extracellular electron acceptor-H2O2 in the stationary phase. Under this condition, many NADH dehydrogenases which were used to balance NADH/NAD+ by converting useful metabolites to useless metabolites and unefficient terminal oxidases (cytochrome bd) were not expressed. So lots of metabolites were not waste to balance. As a result, un-wasted metabolites related to spinosad and PSA synthesis resulted in a high production of spinosad and PSA under oxidative condition. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-014-0098-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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